CN108094290A - A kind of the artificial screening method and its screening plant of the high-quality group of bream - Google Patents
A kind of the artificial screening method and its screening plant of the high-quality group of bream Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/90—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination
- A01K61/95—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination specially adapted for fish
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Abstract
A kind of the artificial screening method and its screening plant of the high-quality group of bream, it is screened using freshwater aquiculture resource and device, it includes following basic skills and step：First, the high-quality group of initial screening：1st, the setting of screening plant；2nd, screening plant inspection, cleaning and debugging；3rd, initial screening pretreatment and shoal of fish source；4th, shoal of fish initial screening；2nd, high-quality group is selected eventually；As a result of the present invention, effectively overcome using single traits as the group directional selection mode of selection target in the presence of the defects of, it fundamentally ensure that the quality of the high-quality group of selected bream, so as to thoroughly solve, current artificial screening seriously lags and cultivation parent is for many generations from numerous caused germplasm degenerate problem, the present invention is suitable for the screening of the high-quality group of different stages of growth consortive group of flora bream and parent population, this screening technique is easy intuitively, installation cost is low, and the selected high-quality shoal of fish has the characteristics that constitution is strong, is quick on the draw, top stream, the speed of growth are fast against the current.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial screening method of the high-quality group of bream and its screenings in culture fishery for technical field
Device belongs to Fishery cultural technique field.
Technical background
Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) is under the jurisdiction of Osteichthyes, Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, triangular bream category, is commonly called as force
Prosperous fish.The fish NATURAL DISTRIBUTION region is narrow, originates in only in some Tongjiang lakes of Yangtze middle reaches, usually inhabits substrate to become silted up
Mud and grow have in the spacious pool of submerged plant, in lower floor, winter happiness it is overwintering at deep water.Juvenile fish mainly with cladocera and
Crustacean is food；Adult fish ingests water plant, based on eel grass and hydrilla verticillata, also deficiency of food amount zooplankter.With feeding habits
Extensively, aquaculture cost is low, growth is fast, survival rate is high, easily fishing, and can lay eggs breeding in pond, and have it is delicious, small, containing meat
The advantages that rate is high, the bodily form is good, specification is moderate, has been generalized to raising in all parts of the country, has become China pond and cage culture at present
Main or mixed breeding one of fish.Egg-laying season is to arrive the beginning of June by the end of April, 20-29 DEG C of water temperature, yellow plum water large quantities of ripe parents when sending out
Fish, which can trace back to swim over at the river that The turbulent river crashes its way through, to lay eggs, and water level will rise suddenly and sharply 2-5 rulers during oviposition.It is said according to experienced fisherman in the Dragon Boat Festival
Front and rear 10 days production fish-egg it is most, best, hatching rate is also higher.Artificial propagation fry can take natural spawning or artificial induced spawning
Method.
Elite germplasm is excavated with utilizing the important content for being always Aquaculture Science research.For a long time, as cultivation is tamed and dociled
The overfishing of inbreeding, wild resource and the destruction of living environment during change, the germ plasm resource of China bream is
Serious threat is subjected to, cultured population gradually appears slow-growing, elongated thinning, the disease-resistant force difference of build and sexal maturity individual
The problems such as becoming smaller, germplasm degradation phenomena have become the serious great realistic problem for hindering the cultivation upgrading synergy of China bream.Nothing
Doubt, efficiently carry out the high-quality parent of bream select and nurturing research has become that current vast bream cultivates practitioner and aquatic products is supported
Grow one of hot spot of scholar's concern, but both at home and abroad so far there is not yet research report in terms of in relation to the high-quality group's artificial screening of bream
Road.Artificial orientation selects the conventional method of system's development aquaculture object germplasm screening, and the height based on multiple target character selection is answered
Polygamy and low success rate to improve choice accuracy and accuracy rate, are taken mostly using single traits as selection target both at home and abroad at present
Group directional selection mode, selected objective trait relate generally to body colour, the speed of growth, anti-adversity, to certain element or substance
Enrichment and the single specific character such as production capacity, should have the theory of optimal synthesis production performance with real aquatic products breeding
It is away from each other.Therefore, it is easy, easily operated and intuitively can filter out optimal synthesis from the alternative bream shoal of fish to establish a kind of method
The M8003 line method of production performance just seems very urgent and important.
Research shows in the shoal of fish of high-density breeding, often forms the community etc. characterized by " diominant-submissive "
Grade.Wherein, the group being top dog often has most strong constitution and optimal synthesis production performance." the broken fish of net escapes "
The phenomenon that being most commonly seen in aquatic products cage culture production.Under the conditions of high-density breeding, when aquaculture net cage occurs damaged, place
In top stream mode the shoal of fish can prolong successively net cage breakage it is orderly flee from, wherein be first away from aquaculture net cage is exactly often
The group being top dog.At the same time, for the extremely sensitive fish of the sense of taste and tactile, supported in same net cage
In the shoal of fish grown, weight gain performance and to feed perception it is most strong to also tend to be those during scrambling for food in dominating
The group of status.Therefore, it is combined with cultured fishes " the broken fish of net escapes " characteristic and weight gain performance with to the screening of feed perception
Method, us can easily be helped to look for the finally selected target shoal of fish.Consortive group of flora refers to that tool experience is identical and supports
The group of individuals of the same age of environment and identical breeding way is grown, using consortive group of flora as research object, carries out high-quality group and selects and can have
Effect is evaded to be disturbed caused by age, breeding environment and breeding way difference.In consideration of it, we are by the extremely sensitive taste of bream
Feel and tactile and its push up stream and " net broken fish escapes " behaviors and habits against the current, using its cultivation consortive group of flora as research object, according to it is small generally
The actual impossibility principle of rate event, innovatively propose and establish " net broken fish escapes " characteristic and weight gain performance with to feed sense
Know the high-quality mass screening method of bream that power screening is combined.This method has most preferably suitable for each growth phase of consortive group of flora bream
The high-quality group of comprehensive production performance selects.
The optimal comprehensive production performance of cultivation and its high-quality group refer to：In involved consortive group of flora large sample, in constitution, predation
Sensitivity, the speed of growth and the upper highest group of comprehensive score of commodity economy value, final selective ratio should be less than or equal to small
Probabilistic standard.
Selecting the main purpose of the high-quality group of the comprehensive production performance of optimal cultivation is：In the fish with grouping behavior
In, the group with the comprehensive production performance of optimal cultivation is often top dog in the consortive group of flora shoal of fish, has excellent something lost
Background is passed, good breeding parent can be used as through taking pains to foster.
In view of described above, this method cultivates consortive group of flora as screening object using the bream with cluster, top Flow Behavior habit,
Carry out high-quality mass screening, can effectively evade and be disturbed caused by age, breeding environment and breeding way difference.
Consortive group of flora refers to the group of individuals of the same age of the same race for undergoing identical breeding environment and identical breeding way.
Using consortive group of flora as screening object, according to the actual impossibility principle of small probability event, innovatively propose and establish
It is a kind of to utilize " the broken fish of net escapes " characteristic and weight gain performance with screening the high-quality mass screening side of bream being combined to feed perception
Method and its screening plant.
The probability statistically estimated by many experiments is known as testing probability or statistical probability, is represented with P values.Specifically
For, P values represent the number percent in experimental population with a certain characteristic individual, it is reflected in experimental population with a certain
The appearance possibility size of characteristic individual.
The probability of chance event shows the objective statistical regularity for part of getting over, it reflects event and occurs in once testing
The size of possibility, the possibility that the big expression event of probability occurs is big, and the possibility that the small expression event of probability occurs is small, if event
The probability that A occurs is smaller, if numerical value is 0.05 or 0.01, then it is assumed that event A is unlikely to occur in once testing, this is known as
Small probability it is actual can not possibly occurring principle, abbreviation small probability principle, here 5% or 1% be known as small probability standard.
The screening technique and its screening plant have the comprehensive life of optimal cultivation suitable for each growth phase of consortive group of flora bream
Produce selecting for the high-quality group of performance.
The content of the invention is in order to overcome the group directional selection mode in current bream selection and breeding using single traits as selection target
In the presence of the defects of, the present invention provides a kind of a kind of artificial screening method of brand-new high-quality group of bream and its screening dress
It puts, using fish " the broken fish of the net escapes " method of characteristic and weight gain performance with being combined to the screening of feed perception, with bream with raw
Group's large sample is screening object, and the high-quality group of bream with the comprehensive production performance of optimal cultivation is filtered out in the case where pushing up stream mode,
To realize that screening obtained bream group has the purpose of the comprehensive production performance of optimal cultivation.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
1st, the artificial screening method of the high-quality group of a kind of bream, it is screened using freshwater aquiculture resource and device, it includes
Following basic skills and step：
(1) the high-quality group of initial screening
The setting of (1-1) screening plant
The screening plant mainly by：Contributing region, Shou Yu areas, passageway area, Zan Yang areas and confession hydrodynamic system are formed, and are supplied
Pool, Shou Yu areas, Ji Zanyang areas of passageway area are linked in sequence, and each junction is in sealing state, for hydrodynamic system with supplying water
Area is connected, and current regulating gate is provided between the contributing region and the Shou Yu areas, contributing region is tank structure, temporarily
It is pond structure to support area, and contributing region is connected by current regulating gate with Shou Yu areas, and Shou Yu areas are connected with passageway area, mistake
Road area is connected with Zan Yang areas；
Shou Yu areas dodge gate is provided on the housing in the Shou Yu areas, current adjusting is installed in the housing in Shou Yu areas
Gate, fish-luring light and attracting bait box；
Passageway area dodge gate is provided on the housing in the passageway area, rack is installed in the housing in passageway area
A, rack B, rack C, rack D and rack E are both provided with escape hole on each rack, one are respectively provided on each escape hole
A cover board that can cover the escape hole completely, to open and close escape hole；
The inspection of (1-2) screening plant, cleaning and debugging
A, each rack installation and position are checked；
B, the escape hole size on rack and installation position and cover board flexibility are checked；
C, attracting bait box quantity, installation position are checked and is put into bait in box；
D, fish-luring light quantity and installation position are checked；
E, check for hydrodynamic system, it is necessary to assure current supply during screening under the stream mode of shoal of fish top；
F, check current regulating gate, and close；
G, screening plant, the cleaning fresh water can be washed down after normal use with cleaning fresh water by completing above-mentioned review and validate
Water quality, the NY 5051-2001 pollution-free food aquiculture fresh water water of The Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, MOA 2001 editions should be met
The requirement of matter standard；
H, Shou Yu area's dodge gates and passageway area dodge gate are closed and is sealed；
I, it is to prevent that occurring bream in screening process jumps from screening plant, it is desirable that Zan Yang areas are covered with polyethylene etting,
The size of mesh of the polyethylene etting is less than the 1/2 of bream fish body height；
(1-3) initial screening pre-processes and shoal of fish source
A, close current regulating gate, will cleaning fresh water pour into screening plant, contributing region, Shou Yu areas, passageway area and temporarily
Cleaning fresh water is filled in foster area, and the water level of contributing region is higher than the water level in Zan Yang areas；
B, fresh water is cleaned：15 DEG C -30 DEG C, pH 7.5-8.5 of water temperature, dissolved oxygen amount are not less than 5 mg/litres；
C, randomly select more than 5000 tail of consortive group of flora bream with batch breeding and with pond cultivation, it is desirable that scale and fin ray are complete
It is intact, physical strong, travelling is active, without lesion, be put into Zan Yang areas aquaculture pond, to avoid causing because the bream shoal of fish is overstocked
Fish body abrades, in shoal of fish Zan Yang areas aquaculture pond the maximum temporarily foster density of the bream shoal of fish should by the specific body long size of alternative bream and
It is fixed, wherein the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the averagely long 3cm-5cm of body must not exceed 2000 tails/cubic meter, the long 6cm of average body-
The maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of 10cm must not exceed 1000 tails/cubic meter, and the shoal of fish of the long 12cm -15cm of average body is maximum temporarily to be supported
Density must not exceed 500 tails/cubic meter, the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of average long more than the 20cm of body must not exceed 100 tails/cube
Rice；
D, the consortive group of flora bream for randomly selecting with batch breeding and being cultivated with pond must stop eating processing time through processing of stopping eating
For 1-2 days, it is subject to and drains excrement in fish body；
E, primary election is operated in night progress, to keep primary election place quiet, from external interference, if must daytime into
Row, then answer sunshade and control the light in work-yard, the alternative consortive group of flora bream shoal of fish is made to keep relatively quiet, indoor illumination control
System is within 500 luxs；
The initial screening of (1-4) shoal of fish
A, the bream shoal of fish is put into Zan Yang areas and is allowed to after keeping quite, and progressively opens current regulating gate, and slowly carries
High water velocity opens and closes big minor adjustment water velocity by current regulating gate, and the bream shoal of fish for making to be put into Zan Yang areas is through short
Top stream mode is in after temporarily adapting to；
Water (flow) direction is：Contributing region → Shou Yu areas → passageway area → Zan Yang areas；
Swimming direction is when the bream shoal of fish is screened：Zan Yang areas → passageway area → Shou Yu areas；
Contributing region water level should be consistently higher than Zan Yang areas water level, and water velocity during screening is to screen the bream in Qian Zanyang areas
It is in subject to the stream mode of top, when all individuals of the bream shoal of fish keep top stream mode, no longer improves water velocity；
B, after the bream shoal of fish adapts to top stream 30 minutes, open to trap the fish-luring light of the shoal of fish in Shou Yu areas, it is described to lure
The intensity of light control of fish lamp is hung in -2500 lux of 1500 lux, fish-luring light and attracting bait box in Shou Yu areas；
C, after fish-luring light is opened 30 minutes, and after confirming that bait breath has diffused to Zan Yang areas, open on all escape holes
Cover board, making each escape hole, be in can prevailing state；
D, when the bream mantissa into Shou Yu areas reaches the 5% of alternative shoal of fish total amount, it is closed the cover board escaped on hole, closes
Current regulating gate is closed, primary election work is terminated, collects the bream into Shou Yu areas, complete the initial screening of the shoal of fish, this 5% bream tail
The high-quality Population that number is elected for primary dcreening operation, i.e. primary election rate are 5%；
(2) high-quality group is selected eventually
On the basis of the high-quality group of initial screening, i.e., on the basis of 5% shoal of fish of primary dcreening operation rate, primary dcreening operation is elected into high-quality group
The shoal of fish individual of body is weighed one by one, by the descending number sorting one by one of whose body weight, and before weight is sorted 5% the shoal of fish
Body is determined as selecting high-quality group eventually, i.e., it is 5% individual in the high-quality group of initial screening to select object eventually, and it is 0.25% to select rate eventually.
2nd, the screening technique is suitable for the sieve of the high-quality group of different stages of growth consortive group of flora bream with the screening plant
Choosing.
3rd, the screening technique is suitable for the screening of high-quality parent population with the screening plant.
4th, the screening technique can adjust the choice accuracy of the high-quality group of consortive group of flora bream, as improve choice accuracy, sieve
Primary election rate is adjusted by 5% to 1%-5% described in choosing method, and the end selects rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.01% -0.25%, is
Choice accuracy is reduced, primary election rate is adjusted by 5% to 5%-10%, and rate is selected to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.25% -1% eventually.
5th, the screening technique can adjust the choice accuracy of high-quality parent population, as improve choice accuracy, described in screening technique
Primary election rate is adjusted by 5% to 1%-5%, and the end selects rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.01% -0.25%, to reduce selection essence
Degree, primary election rate are adjusted by 5% to 5%-10%, and rate is selected to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.25% -1% eventually.
6th, when the screening plant size is limited by work-yard, then it should ensure that shoal of fish Zan Yang areas by described maximum temporarily foster close
Degree once at least accommodates 500 tail breams, and passes through the more set screening plants of making, is allowed to accommodate the total amount of the alternative bream shoal of fish at least
Reach 5000 tails or more, screened simultaneously with realizing, it is disposable to complete screening operation and ensure primary election reliability.
7th, the screening plant of the high-quality group of a kind of bream, the screening plant mainly by：Contributing region, Shou Yu areas, passageway area,
Zan Yang areas and confession hydrodynamic system are formed, and contributing region, Shou Yu areas, Ji Zanyang areas of passageway area are linked in sequence, each junction
In sealing state, it is connected for hydrodynamic system with contributing region, current is provided between the contributing region and the Shou Yu areas
Regulating gate, contributing region are tank structure, and Zan Yang areas are pond structure, and contributing region passes through current regulating gate and Shou Yu areas
It is connected, Shou Yu areas are connected with passageway area, and passageway area is connected with Zan Yang areas；
The housing in the Shou Yu areas is made by transparent material, rectangular channel-type structure, on the housing in Shou Yu areas
Shou Yu areas dodge gate is provided with, Shou Yu areas dodge gate in sealing structure, is equipped in the housing in Shou Yu areas when closed
Current regulating gate, fish-luring light and attracting bait box；
The fish-luring light is adjustable light quality and the watertight light fitting for trapping the shoal of fish of brightness, and installation position is adjustable；
The attracting bait box is for launching the hollow out plastic casing of special bait, and installation position is adjustable；
The housing in the passageway area is made by transparent material, rectangular channel-type structure, on the housing in passageway area
Passageway area dodge gate is provided with, passageway area dodge gate is when closed in sealing structure, the fixed peace in the housing in passageway area
15 times of maximum specification length of fish body are should be greater than equipped with rack A, rack B, rack C, rack D and rack E, the passageway section length
More than, the rack adjacent spacing should be greater than 3 times of maximum specification length of fish body or more, the rack A, rack B, rack C, net
The rectangular configuration of frame D and rack E and area and Cross-Section Rectangular structure in passageway area housing are identical with area；
The rack A is made of frame and mesh sheet, and 1 escape hole is provided in the mesh sheet；
The rack B is made of frame and mesh sheet, and 1 escape hole is provided in the mesh sheet；
The rack C is made of frame and mesh sheet, and 1 escape hole is provided in the mesh sheet；
The rack D is made of frame and mesh sheet, and 1 escape hole is provided in the mesh sheet；
The rack E is made of frame and mesh sheet, and 1 escape hole is provided in the mesh sheet；
The mesh sheet is polyethylene mesh sheet, and size of mesh is the high 1/5-1/3 of bream fish body body, each in the mesh sheet
Escape hole shifts to install mutually at random, and the escape hole is only capable of accommodating 1 tail maximum specification bream by the way that the escape hole is respectively positioned on
In water, a cover board that can cover the escape hole completely is respectively provided on each escape hole, to open and close escape hole.
8th, the line of centres in escape hole is not parallel with the longitudinal centre line in passageway area on the adjacent rack.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
After artificial screening method and its screening plant as a result of a kind of high-quality group of bream of the present invention, effective gram
Clothes using single traits as the group directional selection mode of selection target in the presence of the defects of, fundamentally ensure that selected bream
The quality of high-quality group, i.e. selected bream group have optimal cultivation synthesis production performance, so as to thoroughly solve at present
Artificial screening seriously lags and cultivation parent is for many generations from numerous caused germplasm degenerate problem.The present invention is suitable for different growth steps
The screening of the high-quality group of section consortive group of flora bream, a kind of artificial screening method of the high-quality group of bream of the invention and its screening dress
Put, this screening technique is easy directly perceived, installation cost is low, the selected high-quality shoal of fish have constitution is strong, be quick on the draw, against the current top stream and
, the speed of growth fast the characteristics of strong to food odors perception.
The above-mentioned high-quality group of target obtained through artificial screening by reinforced cultivating, is cultivated as the excellent of high quality
Matter breeds parent population.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1：It is a kind of three-dimensional structure diagram of the screening plant of the high-quality group of bream of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2：It is the main structure figure of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3：It is the overlooking structure figure of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4：It is A-A sectional structure charts of Fig. 2；
Fig. 5：It is B-B sectional structure charts of Fig. 3；
Fig. 6：A kind of screening plant rack A structure charts of the high-quality group of bream of the present invention；
Fig. 7：A kind of screening plant rack B structure figure of the high-quality group of bream of the present invention；
Fig. 8：A kind of screening plant rack C-structure figure of the high-quality group of bream of the present invention；
Fig. 9：A kind of screening plant rack D structure charts of the high-quality group of bream of the present invention；
Figure 10：A kind of screening plant rack E structure charts of the high-quality group of bream of the present invention；
Figure 11：It is a kind of main structure figure of the screening plant of the high-quality group of bream of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Figure 12：It is the overlooking structure figure of Figure 11.
In Fig. 1：1st, contributing region 2, Shou Yu areas 3, passageway area 4, Zan Yang areas 5, for hydrodynamic system
6th, current regulating gate 7, Shou Yu areas dodge gate 8, fish-luring light 9, attracting bait box
10th, passageway area dodge gate 11, rack A 12, rack B 13, rack C
14th, rack D 15, rack E
In Fig. 2：1st, contributing region 2, Shou Yu areas 3, passageway area 4, Zan Yang areas
6th, current regulating gate
In Fig. 3：1st, contributing region 2, Shou Yu areas 3, passageway area 4, Zan Yang areas
5th, for hydrodynamic system 6, current regulating gate
7th, Shou Yu areas dodge gate 10, passageway area dodge gate
In Fig. 4,5：1st, contributing region 2, Shou Yu areas 3, passageway area 4, Zan Yang areas
6th, current regulating gate 8, fish-luring light 9, attracting bait box
11st, rack A 12, rack B 13, rack C 14, rack D
15th, rack E
In Fig. 6：11st, rack A 11a, frame 11b, mesh sheet 11c, escape hole
In Fig. 7：12nd, rack B 12a, frame 12b, mesh sheet 12c, escape hole
In Fig. 8：13rd, rack C 13a, frame 13b, mesh sheet 13c, escape hole
In Fig. 9：14th, rack D 14a, frame 14b, mesh sheet 14c, escape hole
In Figure 10：15th, rack E 15a, frame 15b, mesh sheet 15c, escape hole
In Figure 11：1st, contributing region 2, Shou Yu areas 3, passageway area 4, Zan Yang areas
16th, valve 17, pipeline
In Figure 12：1st, contributing region 2, Shou Yu areas 3, passageway area 4, Zan Yang areas
5th, for hydrodynamic system 7, Shou Yu areas dodge gate 10, passageway area dodge gate
16th, valve 17, pipeline
Specific embodiment
High-quality group of the present invention refers to that using the consortive group of flora large sample shoal of fish as screening object, i.e. consortive group of flora shoal of fish individual is total
Amount must be more than 5000 tails, and the shoal of fish then obtained by the screening technique and screening plant of the present invention after artificial screening claims
Be to reach the target shoal of fish of small probability standard.
The target shoal of fish for reaching small probability standard is the high-quality group of initial screening and/or whole screening high-quality group, is reached
The target number of fish school to small probability standard is 1%-the 10% of the selected large sample number of fish school, the i.e. high-quality group's number of initial screening
It measures as 1%-the 10% of the consortive group of flora large sample number of fish school, referred to as primary election rate；Whole screening high-quality group is the high-quality group of initial screening
1%-the 10% of body quantity is referred to as to select rate eventually；If without particular/special requirement, the two 5% is advisable with taking, i.e., is preferred with 5%.
Embodiment one
As shown in Fig. 1-10
A kind of artificial screening method of the high-quality group of bream, it is screened using freshwater aquiculture resource and device, it is included such as
Lower basic skills and step：
The high-quality group of initial screening
The setting of screening plant
The screening plant mainly by：Contributing region 1, Shou Yu areas 2, passageway area 3, Zan Yang areas 4 and confession 5 groups of hydrodynamic system
Into contributing region 1, Shou Yu areas 2,3 Ji Zanyang areas 4 of passageway area are linked in sequence, and each junction is in sealing state, water supply dynamical system
System 5 is connected with contributing region 1, and current regulating gate 6, contributing region 1 are provided between the contributing region 1 and the Shou Yu areas 2
For tank structure, Zan Yang areas 4 are pond structure, and contributing region 1 is connected by current regulating gate 6 with Shou Yu areas 2, receive fish
Area 2 is connected with passageway area 3, and passageway area 3 is connected with Zan Yang areas 4；
Shou Yu areas dodge gate 7 is provided on the housing in the Shou Yu areas 2, current are installed in the housing in Shou Yu areas 2
Regulating gate 6, fish-luring light 8 and attracting bait box 9；
Passageway area dodge gate 10 is provided on the housing in the passageway area 3, is installed in the housing in passageway area 3
Rack A11, rack B12, rack C13, rack D14 and rack E15 are both provided with escape hole on each rack, described respectively to escape
Ease is respectively provided with a cover board that can cover the escape hole completely on hole, to open and close escape hole；
Screening plant inspection, cleaning and debugging
Check each rack installation and position；
Check the escape hole size on rack and installation position and cover board flexibility；
It checks 9 quantity of attracting bait box, installation position and is put into bait in box；
Check 8 quantity of fish-luring light and installation position；
It checks for hydrodynamic system 5, it is necessary to assure current supply during screening under the stream mode of shoal of fish top；
It checks current regulating gate 6, and closes；
Screening plant can be washed down after normal use with cleaning fresh water by completing above-mentioned review and validate, the cleaning fresh water
Water quality should meet the NY 5051-2001 pollution-free food aquiculture fresh water water quality of The Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, MOA 2001 editions
Standard requirement；
It closes Shou Yu areas dodge gate 7 and passageway area dodge gate 10 and seals；
It jumps to prevent from occurring in screening process bream from screening plant, it is desirable that cover Zan Yang areas 4, institute with polyethylene etting
The size of mesh for stating polyethylene etting is less than the 1/2 of bream fish body height；
Initial screening pre-processes and shoal of fish source
Close current regulating gate 6, cleaning fresh water poured into screening plant, contributing region 1, Shou Yu areas 2, passageway area 3 and
Cleaning fresh water is filled in Zan Yang areas 4, and the water level of contributing region 1 is higher than the water level in Zan Yang areas 4；
Clean fresh water：15 DEG C -30 DEG C, pH 7.5-8.5 of water temperature, dissolved oxygen amount are not less than 5 mg/litres；
It randomly selects more than 5000 tail of consortive group of flora bream with batch breeding and with pond cultivation, it is desirable that scale and the complete nothing of fin ray
It is scarce, physical strong, travelling is active, without lesion, be put into 4 aquaculture pond of Zan Yang areas, to avoid causing because the bream shoal of fish is overstocked
Fish body abrades, in 4 aquaculture pond of shoal of fish Zan Yang areas the maximum temporarily foster density of the bream shoal of fish should by the specific body long size of alternative bream and
It is fixed, wherein the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the averagely long 3cm-5cm of body must not exceed 2000 tails/cubic meter, the long 6cm of average body-
The maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of 10cm must not exceed 1000 tails/cubic meter, and the shoal of fish of the long 12cm -15cm of average body is maximum temporarily to be supported
Density must not exceed 500 tails/cubic meter, the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of average long more than the 20cm of body must not exceed 100 tails/cube
Rice；
Described to randomly select with batch breeding and be handled with the consortive group of flora bream of pond cultivation through stopping eating, processing time of stopping eating is
It 1-2 days, is subject to and drains excrement in fish body；
Primary election is operated in night progress, to keep primary election place quiet, from external interference, and if must be carried out on daytime,
It then answers sunshade and controls the light in work-yard, the alternative consortive group of flora bream shoal of fish is made to keep relatively quiet, indoor illumination control
Within 500 luxs；
Lux is usually abbreviated as lx or LX, also known as meter-candle, is the unit of international units system of a mark illumination, and 1 flows
Bright luminous flux is evenly distributed on the illumination on 1 square metre of area, is exactly 1 lux.
The initial screening of the shoal of fish
The bream shoal of fish is put into Zan Yang areas 4 and is allowed to after keeping quite, and progressively opens current regulating gate 6, and slowly carries
High water velocity opens and closes big minor adjustment water velocity by current regulating gate 6, passes through the bream shoal of fish being put into Zan Yang areas 4
Top stream mode is in after of short duration adaptation；
Water (flow) direction is：2 → passageway area, 3 → Zan Yang areas of contributing region 1 → Shou Yu areas 4；
Swimming direction is when the bream shoal of fish is screened：4 → passageway area of Zan Yang areas, 3 → Shou Yu areas 2；
1 water level of contributing region should be consistently higher than 4 water level of Zan Yang areas, and water velocity during screening is to screen in Qian Zanyang areas 4
Bream is in subject to the stream mode of top, when all individuals of the bream shoal of fish keep top stream mode, no longer improves water velocity；
After the bream shoal of fish adapts to top stream 30 minutes, open to trap the fish-luring light 8 of the shoal of fish in Shou Yu areas 2, light is strong
Degree control is hung in -2500 lux of 1500 lux, fish-luring light 8 and attracting bait box 9 in Shou Yu areas 2；
After fish-luring light 8 is opened 30 minutes, and after confirming that bait breath has diffused to Zan Yang areas 4, open on all escape holes
Cover board, making each escape hole, be in can prevailing state；
When the bream mantissa into Shou Yu areas 2 reaches the 5% of alternative shoal of fish total amount, it is closed the cover board escaped on hole, closes
Current regulating gate 6 is closed, primary election work is terminated, collects the bream into Shou Yu areas 2, complete the initial screening of the shoal of fish, this 5% bream
Mantissa is the high-quality Population that primary dcreening operation is elected, i.e., primary election rate is 5%；
High-quality group is selected eventually
On the basis of the high-quality group of initial screening, i.e., on the basis of 5% shoal of fish of primary dcreening operation rate, primary dcreening operation is elected into high-quality group
The shoal of fish individual of body is weighed one by one, by the descending number sorting one by one of whose body weight, and before weight is sorted 5% the shoal of fish
Body is determined as selecting high-quality group eventually, i.e., it is 5% individual in the high-quality group of initial screening to select object eventually, and it is 0.25% to select rate eventually.
The screening technique is suitable for the screening of the high-quality group of different stages of growth consortive group of flora bream with the screening plant.
The screening technique is suitable for the screening of high-quality parent population with the screening plant.
The screening technique can adjust the choice accuracy of the high-quality group of consortive group of flora bream, as improve choice accuracy, screening
Primary election rate is adjusted by 5% to 1%-5% described in method, and the end selects rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.01% -0.25%, for drop
Low choice accuracy, primary election rate are adjusted by 5% to 5%-10%, and rate is selected to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.25% -1% eventually.
The screening technique can adjust the choice accuracy of high-quality parent population, as improve choice accuracy, described in screening technique just
Rate is selected to be adjusted by 5% to 1%-5%, the end selects rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.01% -0.25%, to reduce choice accuracy,
Primary election rate is adjusted by 5% to 5%-10%, and rate is selected to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.25% -1% eventually.
When the screening plant size is limited by work-yard, then it should ensure that shoal of fish Zan Yang areas 4 by described maximum temporarily foster close
Degree once at least accommodates 500 tail breams, and passes through the more set screening plants of making, is allowed to accommodate the total amount of the alternative bream shoal of fish at least
Reach 5000 tails or more, screened simultaneously with realizing, it is disposable to complete screening operation and ensure primary election reliability.
A kind of screening plant of the high-quality group of bream, the screening plant mainly by：Contributing region 1, Shou Yu areas 2, passageway area
3rd, Zan Yang areas 4 and confession hydrodynamic system 5 are formed, and contributing region 1, Shou Yu areas 2,3 Ji Zanyang areas 4 of passageway area are linked in sequence, described
Each junction is in sealing state, is connected for hydrodynamic system 5 with contributing region 1, the contributing region 1 and the Shou Yu areas 2 it
Between be provided with current regulating gate 6, contributing region 1 is tank structure, and Zan Yang areas 4 are pond structure, and contributing region 1 passes through current
Regulating gate 6 is connected with Shou Yu areas 2, and Shou Yu areas 2 are connected with passageway area 3, and passageway area 3 is connected with Zan Yang areas 4；
The housing in the Shou Yu areas 2 is made by transparent material, rectangular channel-type structure, the housing in Shou Yu areas 2
On be provided with Shou Yu areas dodge gate 7, Shou Yu areas dodge gate 7 in sealing structure, is pacified in the housing in Shou Yu areas 2 when closed
Equipped with current regulating gate 6, fish-luring light 8 and attracting bait box 9；
The fish-luring light 8 is adjustable light quality and the watertight light fitting for trapping the shoal of fish of brightness, and installation position is adjustable；
The attracting bait box 9 is for launching the hollow out plastic casing of special bait, and installation position is adjustable；
The housing in the passageway area 3 is made by transparent material, rectangular channel-type structure, the housing in passageway area 3
On be provided with passageway area dodge gate 10, passageway area dodge gate 10 is when closed in sealing structure, in the housing in passageway area 3
It is installed with rack A11, rack B12, rack C13, rack D14 and rack E15,3 length of passageway area and should be greater than maximum
15 times or more of specification length of fish body, the rack adjacent spacing should be greater than 3 times of maximum specification length of fish body or more, the net
Cross-Section Rectangular in frame A11, rack B12, rack C13, rack D14 and the rectangular configuration and area of rack E15 and 3 housing of passageway area
Structure is identical with area；
The rack A11 is made of frame 11a and mesh sheet 11b, and 1 escape hole is provided on the mesh sheet 11b
11c；
The rack B12 is made of frame 12a and mesh sheet 12b, and 1 escape hole is provided on the mesh sheet 12b
12c；
The rack C13 is made of frame 13a and mesh sheet 13b, and 1 escape hole is provided on the mesh sheet 13b
13c；
The rack D14 is made of frame 14a and mesh sheet 14b, and 1 escape hole is provided on the mesh sheet 14b
14c；
The rack E15 is made of frame 15a and mesh sheet 15b, and 1 escape hole is provided on the mesh sheet 15b
15c；
The mesh sheet is polyethylene mesh sheet, and size of mesh is the high 1/5-1/3 of bream fish body body, each in the mesh sheet
Escape hole shifts to install mutually at random, and the escape hole is only capable of accommodating 1 tail maximum specification bream by the way that the escape hole is respectively positioned on
In water, a cover board that can cover the escape hole completely is respectively provided on each escape hole, to open and close escape hole.
The line of centres in escape hole is not parallel with the longitudinal centre line in passageway area 3 on the adjacent rack.
P values are equal to 0.05 as in agricultural experiment research by the present invention according to the actual impossibility principle of small probability event
One of small probability standard, that is to say, that P values can be equal to 0.05 be considered as high-quality group under large sample level select threshold value, i.e.,
According to selection target, superseded wherein 95% individual, the high-quality group that remaining 5% individual is classified as primary election and/or is selected eventually.
The present invention is suitable for the screening of the high-quality group of different stages of growth consortive group of flora bream, and the present invention can be according to actual need
It asks, the appropriate choice accuracy for adjusting the high-quality group of consortive group of flora bream, as improving choice accuracy can be as shown in each choice phase
95% mortality is adjusted to 99%, for reduce choice accuracy can also be adjusted as 95% mortality shown in each choice phase to
90%, 95% mortality can be adjusted to 99% by as improving choice accuracy, it is on the contrary then 95% mortality can be adjusted to
90%.
The present invention is aided with light, bait using knot all living creatures work, against the current top stream and " the broken fish of net escapes " habit possessed by bream
Material lures the effect of drawing, and the high-quality strong individual of consortive group of flora of artificial culture is attracted to swim five nets continuously set through screening plant rapidly
Frame, five racks are from the close-by examples to those far off set gradually from shoal of fish Zan Yang areas, and set 1 escape hole on per pass rack respectively, each
Escape hole can only hold 1 tail bream calmly by, escape hole line between the adjacent net pieces not horizontal longitudinal center with screening plant
Axis is parallel, and can artificially control the keying in each escape hole, and the preferred individual into before Shou Yu areas 5% is determined as primary election
High-quality group, bait and attracting light fixture built in Shou Yu areas 2.
The specific production method of rack is：It cuts and the wide contour polyethylene mesh sheet of screening plant inner section size, outer edge
It is seamless to be fixed in screening plant shown in FIG. 1 after polyethylene rack is made in frame, the size of mesh control of selected polyethylene mesh sheet
It makes in the high 1/5-1/3 of fish body body, material requirement is nontoxic used in frame, can be plank, plastic plate, steel, rubber slab
In one kind, cut after fixed with surgical scissors in polyethylene rack can only hold 1 tail fish calmly by, and with smooth steel ring
Fixed-type escape hole, each plug-in one of hole of escaping can cover the cover board in escape hole completely, and cover board is interior edge polythene net
The smooth steel ring of piece, to open and close escape hole, the line not horizontal longitudinal center axis with screening plant in each adjacent escape hole
Parallel, i.e., the line of centres in the escape hole on adjacent rack is not parallel with the rectangle longitudinal centre line in passageway area.
Collect primary election high-quality group, weigh one by one after number, and it is descending sort successively, by body in the high-quality group of primary election
The end that 5% individual is determined as finally being selected in before reordering selects high-quality group.
Entire screening plant mainly includes：Contributing region 1, Shou Yu areas 2, passageway area 3,4 four, Zan Yang areas region, main work(
Can be respectively：
Zan Yang areas 4：For temporarily supporting the alternative shoal of fish, to avoid because the shoal of fish is overstocked fish body being caused to abrade, shoal of fish maximum is temporarily supported close
Depending on degree should be by the specific body long size of alternative bream, wherein the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the averagely long 3cm-5cm of body must not surpass
2000 tails/cubic meter is crossed, the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the long 6cm -10cm of average body must not exceed 1000 tails/cubic meter, average
The maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the long 12cm -15cm of body must not exceed 500 tails/cubic meter, and the shoal of fish of long more than the 20cm of average body is most
Big temporarily foster density must not exceed 100 tails/cubic meter.
Passageway area 3：For the primary election of high-quality individual in the shoal of fish.The overall length requirement of passageway area is 15 times or more of length of fish body,
5 racks are fixed in the area of passageway, spacing is 3 times or more of length of fish body between rack is adjacent, and is escaped between adjacent rack
Line between hole is not parallel with the horizontal longitudinal center axis of device, when primary election hole of each escaping be in below water level.
Shou Yu areas 2：For trapping and collecting the shoal of fish, set to launch the attracting bait box of bait and adjustable in Shou Yu areas
Section light quality and brightness are to trap the attracting light fixture of the shoal of fish, and attracting bait box is hollow out plastic casing, and attracting light fixture is watertight light fitting, is engraved
It is removable that the installation position of empty plastic casing and watertight light fitting is adjustable.
Contributing region 1：Water pump water supply system is set, and for providing current and flow velocity, control adjusts water flow velocity when selecting
Degree makes the red porgy for selecting Qian Zanyang areas that can be in top stream mode.
Water (flow) direction is：2 → passageway area, 3 → Zan Yang areas of contributing region 1 → Shou Yu areas 4.
Swimming direction is when the shoal of fish is screened：4 → passageway area of Zan Yang areas, 3 → Shou Yu areas 2.
Water level：In screening, 1 water level of contributing region should be consistently higher than 20-40 centimetres of 4 water level of Zan Yang areas or more.
To avoid because the shoal of fish is overstocked fish body being caused to abrade, temporarily foster density should be by for the maximum of the alternative shoal of fish in shoal of fish Zan Yang areas 4
Depending on the specific body long size of alternative bream, wherein the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the averagely long 3cm-5cm of body must not exceed 2000
Tail/cubic meter, the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the long 6cm -10cm of average body must not exceed 1000 tails/cubic meter, and average body is long
The maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of 12cm -15cm must not exceed 500 tails/cubic meter, and the shoal of fish of long more than the 20cm of average body is maximum temporarily
Foster density must not exceed 100 tails/cubic meter.
Work-yard conditions permit, it should be ensured that can accommodate 5000 by above-mentioned defined maximum temporarily foster density in shoal of fish Zan Yang areas
The alternative shoal of fish more than tail, work-yard condition are limited, then also should ensure that shoal of fish Zan Yang areas 4 can be by above-mentioned defined maximum temporarily foster
Density accommodates 500 tail more than breams, and passes through and make multiple device frames, reaches the total amount of the alternative shoal of fish in shoal of fish Zan Yang areas 4
To more than 5000 tails, with disposably complete primary election work and ensure screen reliability.Check polyethylene rack peace in screening plant
Whether the firmness and escape hole size of dress meet the requirements with installation position.
Check whether hollow out plastic casing is intact, and can watertight light fitting and water pump water supply system normal operation.
It is more than individual 5000 tails of bream consortive group of flora stalwartness for being randomly selected in farm with batch breeding and being cultivated with pond, it is desirable that
It is physical strong, fin ray is perfect, travelling it is active, disease-free and injury-free.
It is put into shoal of fish Zan Yang areas 4 shown in FIG. 1, the alternative shoal of fish after processing of stopping eating empties internal excrement to keep away
Exempt from because the shoal of fish is overstocked fish body to be caused to abrade, the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish should be by the specific body long size of alternative bream in Zan Yang areas 4
Depending on, wherein the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the averagely long 3cm-5cm of body must not exceed 2000 tails/cubic meter, the long 6cm of average body-
The maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of 10cm must not exceed 1000 tails/cubic meter, and the shoal of fish of the long 12cm -15cm of average body is maximum temporarily to be supported
Density must not exceed 500 tails/cubic meter, the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of average long more than the 20cm of body must not exceed 100 tails/cube
Rice.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 11-12, screening plant can also be following structure type.
The screening plant by：Contributing region 1, Shou Yu areas 2, passageway area 3, Zan Yang areas 4, for hydrodynamic system 5, valve 16 and
Pipeline 17 is formed, and is connected and is connected with contributing region 1 for hydrodynamic system 5, and contributing region 1 is by valve 16 and pipeline 17 with receiving
Fish area 2 is connected and connects, and Shou Yu areas 2 are connected and connect with passageway area 3, and passageway area 3 is connected and connects with Zan Yang areas 4,
Each junction is in sealing state, and contributing region 1 is tank structure, and Zan Yang areas 4 are pond structure.
The housing in the Shou Yu areas 2 is made by transparent material, rectangular channel-type structure, the housing in Shou Yu areas 2
On be provided with Shou Yu areas dodge gate 7, Shou Yu areas dodge gate 7 in sealing state, is pacified in the housing in Shou Yu areas 2 when closed
Equipped with fish-luring light 8 and attracting bait box 9.
The valve 16 is used to adjust water velocity.
In the present embodiment two valve 16 act on, application method it is identical with the current regulating gate 6 in embodiment one.
It is the other structures of screening plant and screening operation method in the present embodiment two, identical with embodiment one using step.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of artificial screening method of the high-quality group of bream, it is screened using freshwater aquiculture resource and device, it is characterised in that：
It includes following basic skills and step：
(1) the high-quality group of initial screening
The setting of (1-1) screening plant
The screening plant mainly by：Contributing region (1), Shou Yu areas (2), passageway area (3), Zan Yang areas (4) and for hydrodynamic system
(5) formed, contributing region (1), Shou Yu areas (2), passageway area (3) Ji Zanyang areas (4) are linked in sequence, and each junction is in sealing
State is connected with contributing region (1) for hydrodynamic system (5), is set between the contributing region (1) and the Shou Yu areas (2)
There is current regulating gate (6), contributing region (1) is tank structure, and Zan Yang areas (4) are pond structure, and contributing region (1) passes through water
Stream regulating gate (6) is connected with Shou Yu areas (2), and Shou Yu areas (2) are connected with passageway area (3), passageway area (3) and Zan Yang areas
(4) it is connected；
Shou Yu areas dodge gate (7) is provided on the housing of the Shou Yu areas (2), water is installed in the housing of Shou Yu areas (2)
Flow regulating gate (6), fish-luring light (8) and attracting bait box (9)；
Passageway area dodge gate (10) is provided on the housing of the passageway area (3), is fixedly mounted in the housing of passageway area (3)
There are rack A (11), rack B (12), rack C (13), rack D (14) and rack E (15), escape is both provided on each rack
Hole, it is described it is each escape hole on be respectively provided with a cover board that can cover the escape hole completely, to open and close escape hole；
The inspection of (1-2) screening plant, cleaning and debugging
A, each rack installation and position are checked；
B, the escape hole size on rack and installation position and cover board flexibility are checked；
C, attracting bait box (9) quantity, installation position are checked and is put into bait in box；
D, fish-luring light (8) quantity and installation position are checked；
E, check for hydrodynamic system (5), it is necessary to assure current supply during screening under the stream mode of shoal of fish top；
F, check current regulating gate (6), and close；
G, screening plant, the water of the cleaning fresh water can be washed down after normal use with cleaning fresh water by completing above-mentioned review and validate
Matter should meet the NY 5051-2001 pollution-free food aquiculture fresh water water quality marks of The Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, MOA 2001 editions
Alignment request；
H, Shou Yu area's dodge gates (7) are closed and passageway area dodge gate (10) and are sealed；
I, it is to prevent that occurring bream in screening process jumps from screening plant, it is desirable that cover Zan Yang areas (4), institute with polyethylene etting
The size of mesh for stating polyethylene etting is less than the 1/2 of bream fish body height；
(1-3) initial screening pre-processes and shoal of fish source
A, current regulating gate (6) is closed, cleaning fresh water is poured into screening plant, contributing region (1), Shou Yu areas (2), passageway area
(3) Ji Zanyang areas (4) fill cleaning fresh water, and the water level of contributing region (1) is higher than the water level of Zan Yang areas (4)；
B, fresh water is cleaned：15 DEG C -30 DEG C, pH 7.5-8.5 of water temperature, dissolved oxygen amount are not less than 5 mg/litres；
C, randomly select more than 5000 tail of consortive group of flora bream with batch breeding and with pond cultivation, it is desirable that scale and the complete nothing of fin ray
It is scarce, physical strong, travelling is active, without lesion, be put into Zan Yang areas (4) aquaculture pond, to avoid leading because the bream shoal of fish is overstocked
Fish body is caused to abrade, the maximum temporarily foster density of the bream shoal of fish should be by the specific body calipers of alternative bream in shoal of fish Zan Yang areas (4) aquaculture pond
Depending on lattice, wherein the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the averagely long 3cm-5cm of body must not exceed 2000 tails/cubic meter, average body is long
The maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of 6cm -10cm must not exceed 1000 tails/cubic meter, and the shoal of fish of the long 12cm -15cm of average body is maximum
Temporarily foster density must not exceed 500 tails/cubic meter, the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of long more than the 20cm of average body must not exceed 100 tails/
Cubic meter；
D, the consortive group of flora bream for randomly selecting with batch breeding and being cultivated with pond must be handled through stopping eating, and processing time of stopping eating is 1-
It 2 days, is subject to and drains excrement in fish body；
E, primary election is operated in night progress, to keep primary election place quiet, from external interference, and if must be carried out on daytime,
It answers sunshade and controls the light in work-yard, the alternative consortive group of flora bream shoal of fish is made to keep relatively quiet, indoor illumination control exists
Within 500 luxs；
The initial screening of (1-4) shoal of fish
A, the bream shoal of fish is put into Zan Yang areas (4) and is allowed to after keeping quite, and progressively opens current regulating gate (6), and slowly
Water velocity is improved, big minor adjustment water velocity is opened and closed by current regulating gate (6), makes the bream being put into Zan Yang areas (4)
The shoal of fish is in top stream mode after of short duration adaptation；
Water (flow) direction is：Contributing region (1) → Shou Yu areas (2) → passageway area (3) → Zan Yang areas (4)；
Swimming direction is when the bream shoal of fish is screened：Zan Yang areas (4) → passageway area (3) → Shou Yu areas (2)；
Contributing region (1) water level should be consistently higher than Zan Yang areas (4) water level, and water velocity during screening is to screen in Qian Zanyang areas (4)
Bream be in top stream mode subject to, when the bream shoal of fish it is all individual keep top stream mode when, no longer improve water velocity；
B, after the bream shoal of fish adapts to top stream 30 minutes, open to trap the fish-luring light (8) of the shoal of fish in Shou Yu areas (2), it is described
The intensity of light control of fish-luring light (8) is hung in -2500 lux of 1500 lux, fish-luring light (8) and attracting bait box (9)
In Shou Yu areas (2)；
C, after fish-luring light (8) is opened 30 minutes, and after confirming that bait breath has diffused to Zan Yang areas (4), all escape holes are opened
On cover board, making each escape hole, be in can prevailing state；
D, when the bream mantissa into Shou Yu areas (2) reaches the 5% of alternative shoal of fish total amount, it is closed the cover board escaped on hole, closes
Current regulating gate (6) is closed, primary election work is terminated, collects the bream into Shou Yu areas (2), complete the initial screening of the shoal of fish, this 5%
Bream mantissa is the high-quality Population that primary dcreening operation is elected, i.e., primary election rate is 5%；
(2) high-quality group is selected eventually
On the basis of the high-quality group of initial screening, i.e., on the basis of 5% shoal of fish of primary dcreening operation rate, primary dcreening operation is elected into high-quality group
Shoal of fish individual is weighed one by one, by the descending number sorting one by one of whose body weight, and before weight is sorted 5% shoal of fish individual really
It is set to and selects high-quality group eventually, i.e., it is 5% individual in the high-quality group of initial screening to select object eventually, and it is 0.25% to select rate eventually.
2. a kind of artificial screening method of the high-quality group of bream according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The screening side
Method is suitable for the screening of the high-quality group of different stages of growth consortive group of flora bream with the screening plant.
3. a kind of artificial screening method of the high-quality group of bream according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The screening side
Method is suitable for the screening of high-quality parent population with the screening plant.
4. a kind of artificial screening method of the high-quality group of bream according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The sieve
Choosing method can adjust the choice accuracy of the high-quality group of consortive group of flora bream, as improve choice accuracy, primary election rate described in screening technique
It is adjusted by 5% to 1%-5%, the end selects rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.01% -0.25%, to reduce choice accuracy, primary election
Rate is adjusted by 5% to 5%-10%, and rate is selected to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.25% -1% eventually.
5. a kind of artificial screening method of the high-quality group of bream according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that：The sieve
Choosing method can adjust the choice accuracy of high-quality parent population, as improve choice accuracy, primary election rate described in screening technique by 5% adjust to
1%-5%, the end select rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.01% -0.25%, and to reduce choice accuracy, primary election rate is by 5% adjustment
To 5%-10%, rate is selected to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.25% -1% eventually.
6. a kind of artificial screening method of the high-quality group of bream according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The screening dress
When putting size and being limited by work-yard, then it should ensure that shoal of fish Zan Yang areas (4) once at least accommodate 500 by the maximum temporarily foster density
Tail bream, and pass through the more set screening plants of making, the total amount for being allowed to accommodate the alternative bream shoal of fish is at least up to 5000 tails or more,
It is screened simultaneously with realizing, it is disposable to complete screening operation and ensure primary election reliability.
7. a kind of screening plant of the high-quality group of bream, it is characterised in that：The screening plant mainly by：Fish is received in contributing region (1)
Area (2), passageway area (3), Zan Yang areas (4) and confession hydrodynamic system (5) are formed, contributing region (1), Shou Yu areas (2), passageway area
(3) Ji Zanyang areas (4) are linked in sequence, and each junction is in sealing state, is connected for hydrodynamic system (5) with contributing region (1)
It connects, current regulating gate (6) is provided between the contributing region (1) and the Shou Yu areas (2), contributing region (1) is tank
Structure, Zan Yang areas (4) are pond structure, and contributing region (1) is connected by current regulating gate (6) with Shou Yu areas (2), receive fish
Area (2) is connected with passageway area (3), and passageway area (3) are connected with Zan Yang areas (4)；
The housing of the Shou Yu areas (2) is made by transparent material, rectangular channel-type structure, the housing in Shou Yu areas (2)
On be provided with Shou Yu areas dodge gate (7), Shou Yu areas dodge gate (7) is when closed in sealing structure, the shell in Shou Yu areas (2)
Current regulating gate (6), fish-luring light (8) and attracting bait box (9) are installed in vivo；
The fish-luring light (8) is adjustable light quality and the watertight light fitting for trapping the shoal of fish of brightness, and installation position is adjustable；
The attracting bait box (9) is for launching the hollow out plastic casing of special bait, and installation position is adjustable；
The housing of the passageway area (3) is made by transparent material, rectangular channel-type structure, the housing in passageway area (3)
On be provided with passageway area dodge gate (10), passageway area dodge gate (10) is when closed in sealing structure, in passageway area (3)
Rack A (11), rack B (12), rack C (13), rack D (14) and rack E (15), the passageway area are installed in housing
(3) length should be greater than 15 times of maximum specification length of fish body or more, and the rack adjacent spacing should be greater than maximum specification fish length
3 times or more of degree, the rack A (11), rack B (12), rack C (13), the rectangular configuration of rack D (14) and rack E (15)
It is identical with area with area and Cross-Section Rectangular structure in passageway area (3) housing；
The rack A (11) is made of frame (11a) and mesh sheet (11b), and 1 escape is provided in the mesh sheet (11b)
Hole (11c)；
The rack B (12) is made of frame (12a) and mesh sheet (12b), and 1 escape is provided in the mesh sheet (12b)
Hole (12c)；
The rack C (13) is made of frame (13a) and mesh sheet (13b), and 1 escape is provided in the mesh sheet (13b)
Hole (13c)；
The rack D (14) is made of frame (14a) and mesh sheet (14b), and 1 escape is provided in the mesh sheet (14b)
Hole (14c)；
The rack E (15) is made of frame (15a) and mesh sheet (15b), and 1 escape is provided in the mesh sheet (15b)
Hole (15c)；
The mesh sheet is polyethylene mesh sheet, and size of mesh is the high 1/5-1/3 of bream fish body body, each escape in the mesh sheet
Hole shifts to install mutually at random, and the escape hole is only capable of accommodating 1 tail maximum specification bream by the way that the escape hole is respectively positioned on water
In, a cover board that can cover the escape hole completely is respectively provided on each escape hole, to open and close escape hole.
8. a kind of screening plant of the high-quality group of bream according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：On the adjacent rack
The line of centres in escape hole is not parallel with the longitudinal centre line of passageway area (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710855924 | 2017-09-14 | ||
| CN2017108559243 | 2017-09-14 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108094290A true CN108094290A (en) | 2018-06-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201711372779.XA Withdrawn CN108094290A (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2017-12-19 | A kind of the artificial screening method and its screening plant of the high-quality group of bream |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994017657A1 (en) * | 1993-02-01 | 1994-08-18 | Stephen Edward Jackman | Removal of parasites from fish |
| EP0940078B1 (en) * | 1998-03-05 | 2004-06-16 | Beate Dr. Adam | Method and device for determining the migration times of fish |
| CN101564014A (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2009-10-28 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for screening and separating high-quality fry and poor-quality fry in batches |
| CN102630620A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-08-15 | 三峡大学 | Screening device for fishes of particular specification |
| CN104542399A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-04-29 | 浙江大学 | Fish welfare grading device |
| CN106508768A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-03-22 | 黄山石屋坑冷水鱼家庭农场有限公司 | Fish fry sorting box |
-
2017
- 2017-12-19 CN CN201711372779.XA patent/CN108094290A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994017657A1 (en) * | 1993-02-01 | 1994-08-18 | Stephen Edward Jackman | Removal of parasites from fish |
| EP0940078B1 (en) * | 1998-03-05 | 2004-06-16 | Beate Dr. Adam | Method and device for determining the migration times of fish |
| CN101564014A (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2009-10-28 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for screening and separating high-quality fry and poor-quality fry in batches |
| CN102630620A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-08-15 | 三峡大学 | Screening device for fishes of particular specification |
| CN104542399A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-04-29 | 浙江大学 | Fish welfare grading device |
| CN106508768A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-03-22 | 黄山石屋坑冷水鱼家庭农场有限公司 | Fish fry sorting box |
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