CN107950458A - A kind of the artificial screening method and its screening plant of the high-quality colony of black carp - Google Patents
A kind of the artificial screening method and its screening plant of the high-quality colony of black carp Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 241001275898 Mylopharyngodon piceus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000252210 Cyprinidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000252206 Cypriniformes Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001275892 Mylopharyngodon Species 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/90—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination
- A01K61/95—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination specially adapted for fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
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- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of the artificial screening method and its screening plant of the high-quality colony of black carp, it is screened using freshwater aquiculture resource and device, it includes following basic skills and step：First, the high-quality colony of initial screening：1st, the setting of screening plant；2nd, screening plant inspection, cleaning and debugging；3rd, initial screening pretreatment and shoal of fish source；4th, shoal of fish initial screening；2nd, high-quality colony is selected eventually；As a result of the present invention, effectively overcome using single traits as the group directional selection mode of selection target in the presence of the defects of, it fundamentally ensure that the quality of the high-quality colony of selected black carp, so as to thoroughly solve, current artificial screening seriously lags and cultivation parent is for many generations from numerous caused germplasm degenerate problem, the present invention is suitable for the screening of the high-quality colony of different stages of growth consortive group of flora black carp and parent population, this screening technique is easy intuitively, installation cost is low, and the selected high-quality shoal of fish has the characteristics that constitution is strong, is quick on the draw, top stream, the speed of growth are fast against the current.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial screening method of the high-quality colony of black carp and its screening in culture fishery for technical field
Device, belongs to Fishery cultural technique field.
Technical background
Black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus), is under the jurisdiction of Cypriniformes (Cypriniformes), Cyprinidae
(Cyprinidae), Mylopharyngodon (Mylopharyngodon), also known as black carp, spiral shell are blue or green.It is distributed mainly on the south China the Changjiang river
Plains region, North of Yangtze River is sparser, it is important fishery resources and each lake, pond in lower Yangtze and riverine lake
Main cultivation object in the pool, is one of four large Chinese carps of China's freshwater aquiculture.The fish because its growth is fast, individual is big, disease is few,
Fresh ＆ Tender in Texture, economic value is high and the favor of hand culturist and consumer.In recent years, with the tune of fishery cultivating breed structure
Whole, black carp cultured area has expanded, its seed demand increases year by year.But due to dam barrier and the reason such as overfishing, its
Reproductive population stock number is seriously deficient.
Elite germplasm is excavated with utilizing the important content for being always Aquaculture Science research.For a long time, as cultivation is tamed and dociled
The overfishing of inbreeding, wild resource and the destruction of living environment during change, the germ plasm resource of China black carp is
Serious threat is subjected to, cultured population gradually appears slow-growing, elongated thinning, the disease-resistant force difference of build and sexal maturity individual
The problems such as diminishing, germplasm degradation phenomena have become the serious great realistic problem for hindering the cultivation upgrading synergy of China black carp.Nothing
Doubt, efficiently carry out selecting for the high-quality parent of black carp and supported as current vast black carp cultivation practitioner and aquatic products with nurturing research
Grow one of hot spot of scholar's concern, but both at home and abroad so far there is not yet research report in terms of in relation to the high-quality colony's artificial screening of black carp
Road.Artificial orientation selects the conventional method of system's development aquaculture object germplasm screening, and the height based on multiple target character selection is answered
Polygamy and low success rate, to improve choice accuracy and accuracy rate, take using single traits as selection target mostly both at home and abroad at present
Group directional selection mode, selected objective trait relate generally to body colour, the speed of growth, anti-adversity, to certain element or material
Enrichment and the single specific character such as production capacity, should have the theory of optimal synthesis production performance with real aquatic products breeding
It is away from each other.Therefore, it is easy, easily operated and intuitively can filter out optimal synthesis from the alternative black carp shoal of fish to establish a kind of method
The M8003 line method of production performance just seems very urgent and important.
Research shows, in the shoal of fish of high-density breeding, often forms community characterized by " diominant-submissive " etc.
Level.Wherein, the colony being top dog often has most strong constitution and optimal synthesis production performance." the broken fish of net escapes "
It is phenomenon most commonly seen in aquatic products cage culture production.Under the conditions of high-density breeding, when aquaculture net cage occurs damaged, place
In top stream mode the shoal of fish can prolong successively net cage breakage it is orderly flee from, wherein be first away from aquaculture net cage is exactly often
The colony being top dog.At the same time, for the extremely sensitive fish of the sense of taste and tactile, supported in same net cage
In the shoal of fish grown, weight gain performance and to feed perception it is most strong also tend to be those during scrambling for food in dominate
The colony of status.Therefore, it is combined with cultured fishes " the broken fish of net escapes " characteristic and weight gain performance with to the screening of feed perception
Method, can easily help us to look for the finally selected target shoal of fish.Consortive group of flora refers to that tool experience is identical and supports
The group of individuals of the same age of environment and identical breeding way is grown, using consortive group of flora as research object, carries out high-quality colony and selects and can have
Effect is evaded to be disturbed caused by age, breeding environment and breeding way difference.In consideration of it, we are by the extremely sensitive taste of black carp
Feel and tactile, and its stream and " the broken fish of net escapes " behaviors and habits are pushed up against the current, using its cultivation consortive group of flora as research object, according to small general
The actual impossibility principle of rate event, innovatively propose and establish " net broken fish escapes " characteristic and weight gain performance with to feed sense
Know the high-quality mass screening method of black carp that power screening is combined.This method has most preferably suitable for each growth phase of consortive group of flora black carp
The high-quality colony of comprehensive production performance selects.
The optimal comprehensive production performance of cultivation and its high-quality colony refer to：In involved consortive group of flora large sample, in constitution, predation
Sensitivity, the speed of growth and the upper highest colony of comprehensive score of commodity economy value, its final selective ratio should be less than or equal to small
Probabilistic standard.
Selecting the main purpose of the high-quality colony of the comprehensive production performance of optimal cultivation is：In the fish with grouping behavior
In, the colony with the comprehensive production performance of optimal cultivation is often top dog in the consortive group of flora shoal of fish, has excellent something lost
Background is passed, good breeding parent can be used as through taking pains to foster.
In view of described above, this method cultivates consortive group of flora as screening object using the black carp with cluster, top Flow Behavior habit,
Carry out high-quality mass screening, can effectively evade and be disturbed caused by age, breeding environment and breeding way difference.
Consortive group of flora refers to the group of individuals of the same age of the same race for undergoing identical breeding environment and identical breeding way.
Using consortive group of flora as screening object, according to the actual impossibility principle of small probability event, innovatively propose and establish
One kind utilizes " the broken fish of net escapes " characteristic and weight gain performance with screening the high-quality mass screening side of black carp being combined to feed perception
Method and its screening plant.
Statistically it is known as testing probability or statistical probability and the probability estimated by many experiments, is represented with P values.Specifically
For, P values represent the number percent in experimental population with a certain characteristic individual, it is reflected in experimental population with a certain
The appearance possibility size of characteristic individual.
The objective statistical that the probability of chance event shows part of getting over is regular, it reflects event and occurs in once testing
The size of possibility, the possibility that the big expression event of probability occurs is big, and the possibility that the small expression event of probability occurs is small, if event
The probability that A occurs is smaller, if numerical value is 0.05 or 0.01, then it is assumed that event A is unlikely to occur in once testing, this is known as
Small probability it is actual can not possibly occurring principle, abbreviation small probability principle, here 5% or 1% be known as small probability standard.
The screening technique and its screening plant have the comprehensive life of optimal cultivation suitable for each growth phase of consortive group of flora black carp
Produce selecting for the high-quality colony of performance.
The content of the invention is in order to overcome the group directional selection mode in current black carp selection and breeding using single traits as selection target
In the presence of the defects of, the present invention provides the artificial screening method and its screening dress of a kind of a kind of brand-new high-quality colony of black carp
Put, using fish " the broken fish of the net escapes " method of characteristic and weight gain performance with being combined to the screening of feed perception, with black carp with raw
Group's large sample is screening object, and the high-quality colony of black carp with the comprehensive production performance of optimal cultivation is filtered out in the case where pushing up stream mode,
To realize that screening obtained black carp colony has the purpose of the comprehensive production performance of optimal cultivation.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
1st, the artificial screening method of the high-quality colony of a kind of black carp, it is screened using freshwater aquiculture resource and device, it includes
Following basic skills and step：
(1) the high-quality colony of initial screening
The setting of (1-1) screening plant
The screening plant mainly by：Contributing region, Shou Yu areas, passageway area, Zan Yang areas and confession hydrodynamic system are formed, and are supplied
Pool, Shou Yu areas, Ji Zanyang areas of passageway area are linked in sequence, and each junction is in sealing state, for hydrodynamic system with supplying water
Area is connected, and current regulating gate is provided between the contributing region and the Shou Yu areas, contributing region is tank structure, temporarily
It is pond structure to support area, and contributing region is connected by current regulating gate with Shou Yu areas, and Shou Yu areas are connected with passageway area, mistake
Road area is connected with Zan Yang areas；
Shou Yu areas dodge gate is provided with the housing in the Shou Yu areas, current adjusting is installed in the housing in Shou Yu areas
Gate, fish-luring light and attracting bait box；
Passageway area dodge gate is provided with the housing in the passageway area, rack is installed with the housing in passageway area
A, rack B, rack C, rack D and rack E, escape hole is both provided with each rack, one is respectively provided with each escape hole
A cover board that can cover the escape hole completely, to open and close escape hole；
The inspection of (1-2) screening plant, cleaning and debugging
A, each rack installation and position are checked；
B, the escape hole size on rack and installation position and cover board flexibility are checked；
C, attracting bait box quantity, installation position are checked and is put into bait in box；
D, fish-luring light quantity and installation position are checked；
E, check and supply hydrodynamic system, it is necessary to assure current supply during screening under the stream mode of shoal of fish top；
F, check current regulating gate, and close；
G, screening plant, the cleaning fresh water can be washed down after normal use with cleaning fresh water by completing above-mentioned review and validate
Water quality, the NY 5051-2001 pollution-free food aquiculture fresh water water of The Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, MOA 2001 editions should be met
The requirement of matter standard；
H, Shou Yu area's dodge gates and passageway area dodge gate are closed and is sealed；
I, it is to prevent that occurring black carp in screening process jumps from screening plant, it is desirable to Zan Yang areas are covered with polyethylene etting,
The size of mesh of the polyethylene etting is less than the 1/2 of black carp fish body height；
(1-3) initial screening pre-processes and shoal of fish source
A, close current regulating gate, will cleaning fresh water pour into screening plant, contributing region, Shou Yu areas, passageway area and temporarily
Cleaning fresh water is filled in foster area, and the water level of contributing region is higher than the water level in Zan Yang areas；
B, fresh water is cleaned：17 DEG C -31 DEG C, pH 7.0-8.5 of water temperature, dissolved oxygen amount are not less than 5 mg/litres；
C, randomly select more than 5000 tail of consortive group of flora black carp with batch breeding and with pond cultivation, it is desirable to which scale and fin ray are complete
It is intact, physical strong, travelling active, without lesion, be put into Zan Yang areas aquaculture pond, to avoid causing because the black carp shoal of fish is overstocked
Fish body abrades, in shoal of fish Zan Yang areas aquaculture pond the maximum temporarily foster density of the black carp shoal of fish should by the specific body long size of alternative black carp and
It is fixed, wherein the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the averagely long 3cm-5cm of body must not exceed 1800 tails/cubic meter, the long 6cm of average body-
The maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of 10cm must not exceed 900 tails/cubic meter, and the shoal of fish maximum of the long 12cm -15cm of average body is temporarily supported close
Degree must not exceed 450 tails/cubic meter, the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of average long more than the 20cm of body must not exceed 100 tails/cube
Rice；
D, the consortive group of flora black carp for randomly selecting with batch breeding and being cultivated with pond must stop eating processing time through processing of stopping eating
For 1-2 days, it is subject to and drains excrement in fish body；
E, primary election is operated in night progress, to keep primary election place quiet, from external interference, if must daytime into
OK, then answer sunshade and control the light in work-yard, the alternative consortive group of flora black carp shoal of fish is kept relatively quiet, indoor illumination control
System is within 500 luxs；
The initial screening of (1-4) shoal of fish
A, the black carp shoal of fish is put into Zan Yang areas and is allowed to after keeping quite, and progressively opens current regulating gate, and slowly carry
High water velocity, opens and closes big minor adjustment water velocity, the black carp shoal of fish for making to be put into Zan Yang areas is through short by current regulating gate
Top stream mode is in after temporarily adapting to；
Water (flow) direction is：Contributing region → Shou Yu areas → passageway area → Zan Yang areas；
Swimming direction is when the black carp shoal of fish is screened：Zan Yang areas → passageway area → Shou Yu areas；
Contributing region water level should be consistently higher than Zan Yang areas water level, and water velocity during screening is to screen the black carp in Qian Zanyang areas
It is in subject to the stream mode of top, when all individuals of the black carp shoal of fish keep top stream mode, no longer improves water velocity；
B, after the black carp shoal of fish adapts to top stream 30 minutes, the fish-luring light for being used for trapping the shoal of fish is opened in Shou Yu areas, it is described to lure
The intensity of light control of fish lamp is hung in Shou Yu areas in -2500 lux of 1500 lux, fish-luring light and attracting bait box；
C, after fish-luring light is opened 30 minutes, and after confirming that bait breath has diffused to Zan Yang areas, open on all escape holes
Cover board, making each escape hole, be in can prevailing state；
D, when the black carp mantissa for entering Shou Yu areas reaches the 5% of alternative shoal of fish total amount, cover board, pass on closure escape hole
Current regulating gate is closed, primary election work is terminated, collects the black carp into Shou Yu areas, complete the initial screening of the shoal of fish, this 5% black carp tail
The high-quality Population that number is elected for primary dcreening operation, i.e. primary election rate are 5%；
(2) high-quality colony is selected eventually
On the basis of the high-quality colony of initial screening, i.e., on the basis of 5% shoal of fish of primary dcreening operation rate, primary dcreening operation is elected into high-quality group
The shoal of fish individual of body is weighed one by one, by the descending number sorting one by one of whose body weight, and before weight is sorted 5% the shoal of fish
Body is determined as selecting high-quality colony eventually, i.e., it is 5% individual in the high-quality colony of initial screening to select object eventually, and it is 0.25% to select rate eventually.
2nd, the screening technique is suitable for the sieve of the high-quality colony of different stages of growth consortive group of flora black carp with the screening plant
Choosing.
3rd, the screening technique is suitable for the screening of high-quality parent population with the screening plant.
4th, the screening technique can adjust the choice accuracy of the high-quality colony of consortive group of flora black carp, as improve choice accuracy, sieve
Primary election rate is adjusted to 1%-5% by 5% described in choosing method, and the end selects rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.01% -0.25%, is
Choice accuracy is reduced, primary election rate is adjusted to 5%-10% by 5%, selects rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.25% -1% eventually.
5th, the screening technique can adjust the choice accuracy of high-quality parent population, as improve choice accuracy, described in screening technique
Primary election rate is adjusted to 1%-5% by 5%, and the end selects rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.01% -0.25%, to reduce selection essence
Degree, primary election rate are adjusted to 5%-10% by 5%, select rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.25% -1% eventually.
6th, when the screening plant size is limited by work-yard, then it should ensure that shoal of fish Zan Yang areas by described maximum temporarily foster close
Degree once at least accommodates 500 tail black carps, and by making more set screening plants, is allowed to accommodate the total amount of the alternative black carp shoal of fish at least
Reach 5000 tails or more, screened at the same time with realizing, it is disposable to complete screening operation and ensure primary election reliability.
7th, the screening plant of the high-quality colony of a kind of black carp, the screening plant mainly by：Contributing region, Shou Yu areas, passageway area,
Zan Yang areas and confession hydrodynamic system are formed, and contributing region, Shou Yu areas, Ji Zanyang areas of passageway area are linked in sequence, each junction
In sealing state, it is connected for hydrodynamic system with contributing region, current is provided between the contributing region and the Shou Yu areas
Regulating gate, contributing region are tank structure, and Zan Yang areas are pond structure, and contributing region passes through current regulating gate and Shou Yu areas
It is connected, Shou Yu areas are connected with passageway area, and passageway area is connected with Zan Yang areas；
The housing in the Shou Yu areas is made by transparent material, rectangular channel-type structure, on the housing in Shou Yu areas
Shou Yu areas dodge gate is provided with, Shou Yu areas dodge gate is in when closed sealing structure, is provided with the housing in Shou Yu areas
Current regulating gate, fish-luring light and attracting bait box；
The fish-luring light is adjustable light quality and the watertight light fitting for trapping the shoal of fish of brightness, its installation position is adjustable；
The attracting bait box is the hollow out plastic casing for launching special bait, its installation position is adjustable；
The housing in the passageway area is made by transparent material, rectangular channel-type structure, on the housing in passageway area
Passageway area dodge gate is provided with, passageway area dodge gate is in when closed sealing structure, the fixed peace in the housing in passageway area
15 times of maximum specification length of fish body are should be greater than equipped with rack A, rack B, rack C, rack D and rack E, the passageway section length
More than, the rack adjacent spacing should be greater than more than 3 times of maximum specification length of fish body, the rack A, rack B, rack C, net
The rectangular configuration of frame D and rack E and area and Cross-Section Rectangular structure in passageway area housing are identical with area；
The rack A is made of frame and mesh sheet, and 1 escape hole is provided with the mesh sheet；
The rack B is made of frame and mesh sheet, and 1 escape hole is provided with the mesh sheet；
The rack C is made of frame and mesh sheet, and 1 escape hole is provided with the mesh sheet；
The rack D is made of frame and mesh sheet, and 1 escape hole is provided with the mesh sheet；
The rack E is made of frame and mesh sheet, and 1 escape hole is provided with the mesh sheet；
The mesh sheet is polyethylene mesh sheet, its size of mesh is the high 1/5-1/3 of black carp fish body body, each in the mesh sheet
Escape hole shifts to install mutually at random, and the escape hole is only capable of accommodating 1 tail maximum specification black carp by the way that the escape hole is respectively positioned on
In water, a cover board that can cover the escape hole completely is respectively provided with each escape hole, to open and close escape hole.
8th, the line of centres in escape hole is not parallel with the longitudinal centre line in passageway area on the adjacent rack.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
After artificial screening method and its screening plant as a result of a kind of high-quality colony of black carp of the present invention, effective gram
Clothes using single traits as the group directional selection mode of selection target in the presence of the defects of, fundamentally ensure that selected black carp
The quality of high-quality colony, i.e. selected black carp colony have optimal cultivation synthesis production performance, so as to thoroughly solve at present
Artificial screening seriously lags and cultivation parent is for many generations from numerous caused germplasm degenerate problem.The present invention is suitable for different growth steps
The screening of the high-quality colony of section consortive group of flora black carp, the artificial screening method and its screening dress of the high-quality colony of a kind of black carp of the invention
Put, this screening technique is easy directly perceived, installation cost is low, the selected high-quality shoal of fish have constitution is strong, be quick on the draw, against the current top stream and
, the speed of growth fast the characteristics of strong to food odors perception.
The above-mentioned high-quality colony of target obtained through artificial screening, by reinforced cultivating, is cultivated as the excellent of high quality
Matter breeds parent population.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：It is a kind of three-dimensional structure diagram of the screening plant of the high-quality colony of black carp of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2：It is the main structure figure of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3：It is the overlooking structure figure of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4：It is A-A sectional structure charts of Fig. 2；
Fig. 5：It is B-B sectional structure charts of Fig. 3；
Fig. 6：A kind of screening plant rack A structure charts of the high-quality colony of black carp of the present invention；
Fig. 7：A kind of screening plant rack B structure figure of the high-quality colony of black carp of the present invention；
Fig. 8：A kind of screening plant rack C-structure figure of the high-quality colony of black carp of the present invention；
Fig. 9：A kind of screening plant rack D structure charts of the high-quality colony of black carp of the present invention；
Figure 10：A kind of screening plant rack E structure charts of the high-quality colony of black carp of the present invention；
Figure 11：It is a kind of main structure figure of the screening plant of the high-quality colony of black carp of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Figure 12：It is the overlooking structure figure of Figure 11.
In Fig. 1：1st, contributing region 2, Shou Yu areas 3, passageway area 4, Zan Yang areas 5, for hydrodynamic system 6, current regulator
Door 7, Shou Yu areas dodge gate 8, fish-luring light 9, attracting bait box 10, passageway area dodge gate 11, rack A 12, rack B 13,
Rack C 14, rack D 15, rack E
In Fig. 2：1st, contributing region 2, Shou Yu areas 3, passageway area 4, Zan Yang areas 6, current regulating gate
In Fig. 3：1st, contributing region 2, Shou Yu areas 3, passageway area 4, Zan Yang areas 5, for hydrodynamic system 6, current regulator
Door 7, Shou Yu areas dodge gate 10, passageway area dodge gate
In Fig. 4,5：1st, contributing region 2, Shou Yu areas 3, passageway area 4, Zan Yang areas 6, current regulating gate 8, fish-luring light
9th, attracting bait box 11, rack A 12, rack B 13, rack C 14, rack D 15, rack E
In Fig. 6：11st, rack A 11a, frame 11b, mesh sheet 11c, escape hole
In Fig. 7：12nd, rack B 12a, frame 12b, mesh sheet 12c, escape hole
In Fig. 8：13rd, rack C 13a, frame 13b, mesh sheet 13c, escape hole
In Fig. 9：14th, rack D 14a, frame 14b, mesh sheet 14c, escape hole
In Figure 10：15th, rack E 15a, frame 15b, mesh sheet 15c, escape hole
In Figure 11：1st, contributing region 2, Shou Yu areas 3, passageway area 4, Zan Yang areas 16, valve 17, pipeline
In Figure 12：1st, contributing region 2, Shou Yu areas 3, passageway area 4, Zan Yang areas 5, for hydrodynamic system 7, Shou Yu areas live
Dynamic door 10, passageway area dodge gate 16, valve 17, pipeline
Embodiment
High-quality colony of the present invention refers to that using the consortive group of flora large sample shoal of fish as screening object, i.e. consortive group of flora shoal of fish individual is total
Amount must be more than 5000 tails, and the shoal of fish then obtained by the screening technique and screening plant of the present invention after artificial screening, claims
Be to reach the target shoal of fish of small probability standard.
The target shoal of fish for reaching small probability standard is the high-quality colony of initial screening and/or whole screening high-quality colony, is reached
The target number of fish school to small probability standard is 1%-the 10% of the selected large sample number of fish school, the i.e. high-quality colony's number of initial screening
Measure as 1%-the 10% of the consortive group of flora large sample number of fish school, referred to as primary election rate；Whole screening high-quality colony is the high-quality group of initial screening
1%-the 10% of body quantity, is referred to as to select rate eventually；If without particular/special requirement, the two 5% is advisable with taking, i.e., is preferred with 5%.
Embodiment one
As shown in Fig. 1-10
A kind of artificial screening method of the high-quality colony of black carp, it is screened using freshwater aquiculture resource and device, it is included such as
Lower basic skills and step：
The high-quality colony of initial screening
The setting of screening plant
The screening plant mainly by：Contributing region 1, Shou Yu areas 2, passageway area 3, Zan Yang areas 4 and confession 5 groups of hydrodynamic system
Into contributing region 1, Shou Yu areas 2,3 Ji Zanyang areas 4 of passageway area are linked in sequence, and each junction is in sealing state, water supply dynamical system
System 5 is connected with contributing region 1, and current regulating gate 6, contributing region 1 are provided between the contributing region 1 and the Shou Yu areas 2
For tank structure, Zan Yang areas 4 are pond structure, and contributing region 1 is connected by current regulating gate 6 with Shou Yu areas 2, receive fish
Area 2 is connected with passageway area 3, and passageway area 3 is connected with Zan Yang areas 4；
Shou Yu areas dodge gate 7 is provided with the housing in the Shou Yu areas 2, current are installed in the housing in Shou Yu areas 2
Regulating gate 6, fish-luring light 8 and attracting bait box 9；
Passageway area dodge gate 10 is provided with the housing in the passageway area 3, is installed with the housing in passageway area 3
Rack A11, rack B12, rack C13, rack D14 and rack E15, escape hole is both provided with each rack, described respectively to escape
Ease is respectively provided with a cover board that can cover the escape hole completely on hole, to open and close escape hole；
Screening plant inspection, cleaning and debugging
Check each rack installation and position；
Check the escape hole size on rack and installation position and cover board flexibility；
Check 9 quantity of attracting bait box, installation position and be put into bait in box；
Check 8 quantity of fish-luring light and installation position；
Inspection supplies hydrodynamic system 5, it is necessary to assure current supply during screening under the stream mode of shoal of fish top；
Check current regulating gate 6, and close；
Screening plant can be washed down after normal use with cleaning fresh water by completing above-mentioned review and validate, the cleaning fresh water
Water quality, should meet the NY 5051-2001 pollution-free food aquiculture fresh water water quality of The Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, MOA 2001 editions
Standard requirement；
Close Shou Yu areas dodge gate 7 and passageway area dodge gate 10 and seal；
Jump to prevent from occurring in screening process black carp from screening plant, it is desirable to cover Zan Yang areas 4, institute with polyethylene etting
The size of mesh for stating polyethylene etting is less than the 1/2 of black carp fish body height；
Initial screening pre-processes and shoal of fish source
Close current regulating gate 6, cleaning fresh water poured into screening plant, contributing region 1, Shou Yu areas 2, passageway area 3 and
Cleaning fresh water is filled in Zan Yang areas 4, and the water level of contributing region 1 is higher than the water level in Zan Yang areas 4；
Clean fresh water：17 DEG C -31 DEG C, pH 7.0-8.5 of water temperature, dissolved oxygen amount are not less than 5 mg/litres；
Randomly select more than 5000 tail of consortive group of flora black carp with batch breeding and with pond cultivation, it is desirable to scale and the complete nothing of fin ray
It is scarce, physical strong, travelling active, without lesion, be put into 4 aquaculture pond of Zan Yang areas, to avoid causing because the black carp shoal of fish is overstocked
Fish body abrades, in 4 aquaculture pond of shoal of fish Zan Yang areas the maximum temporarily foster density of the black carp shoal of fish should by the specific body long size of alternative black carp and
It is fixed, wherein the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the averagely long 3cm-5cm of body must not exceed 1800 tails/cubic meter, the long 6cm of average body-
The maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of 10cm must not exceed 900 tails/cubic meter, and the shoal of fish maximum of the long 12cm -15cm of average body is temporarily supported close
Degree must not exceed 450 tails/cubic meter, the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of average long more than the 20cm of body must not exceed 100 tails/cube
Rice；
Described to randomly select with batch breeding and be handled with the consortive group of flora black carp of pond cultivation through stopping eating, processing time of stopping eating is
1-2 days, it is subject to and drains excrement in fish body；
Primary election is operated in night progress, to keep primary election place quiet, from external interference, and if must be carried out on daytime,
Then answer sunshade and control the light in work-yard, the alternative consortive group of flora black carp shoal of fish is kept relatively quiet, indoor illumination control
Within 500 luxs；
Lux is usually abbreviated as lx or LX, also known as meter-candle, is the unit of international units system of a mark illumination, and 1 flows
Bright luminous flux is evenly distributed on the illumination on 1 square metre of area, is exactly 1 lux.
The initial screening of the shoal of fish
The black carp shoal of fish is put into Zan Yang areas 4 and is allowed to after keeping quite, and progressively opens current regulating gate 6, and slowly carry
High water velocity, big minor adjustment water velocity is opened and closed by current regulating gate 6, and the black carp shoal of fish for making to be put into Zan Yang areas 4 passes through
Top stream mode is in after of short duration adaptation；
Water (flow) direction is：2 → passageway area, 3 → Zan Yang areas of contributing region 1 → Shou Yu areas 4；
Swimming direction is when the black carp shoal of fish is screened：4 → passageway area of Zan Yang areas, 3 → Shou Yu areas 2；
1 water level of contributing region should be consistently higher than 4 water level of Zan Yang areas, and water velocity during screening is to screen in Qian Zanyang areas 4
Black carp is in subject to the stream mode of top, when all individuals of the black carp shoal of fish keep top stream mode, no longer improves water velocity；
After the black carp shoal of fish adapts to top stream 30 minutes, the fish-luring light 8 for being used for trapping the shoal of fish is opened in Shou Yu areas 2, light is strong
Degree control is hung in Shou Yu areas 2 in -2500 lux of 1500 lux, fish-luring light 8 and attracting bait box 9；
After fish-luring light 8 is opened 30 minutes, and after confirming that bait breath has diffused to Zan Yang areas 4, open on all escape holes
Cover board, making each escape hole, be in can prevailing state；
When the black carp mantissa for entering Shou Yu areas 2 reaches the 5% of alternative shoal of fish total amount, cover board, pass on closure escape hole
Current regulating gate 6 is closed, primary election work is terminated, collects the black carp into Shou Yu areas 2, complete the initial screening of the shoal of fish, this 5% black carp
Mantissa is the high-quality Population that primary dcreening operation is elected, i.e., primary election rate is 5%；
High-quality colony is selected eventually
On the basis of the high-quality colony of initial screening, i.e., on the basis of 5% shoal of fish of primary dcreening operation rate, primary dcreening operation is elected into high-quality group
The shoal of fish individual of body is weighed one by one, by the descending number sorting one by one of whose body weight, and before weight is sorted 5% the shoal of fish
Body is determined as selecting high-quality colony eventually, i.e., it is 5% individual in the high-quality colony of initial screening to select object eventually, and it is 0.25% to select rate eventually.
The screening technique is suitable for the screening of the high-quality colony of different stages of growth consortive group of flora black carp with the screening plant.
The screening technique is suitable for the screening of high-quality parent population with the screening plant.
The screening technique can adjust the choice accuracy of the high-quality colony of consortive group of flora black carp, as improve choice accuracy, screening
Primary election rate is adjusted to 1%-5% by 5% described in method, and the end selects rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.01% -0.25%, for drop
Low choice accuracy, primary election rate are adjusted to 5%-10% by 5%, select rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.25% -1% eventually.
The screening technique can adjust the choice accuracy of high-quality parent population, as improve choice accuracy, described in screening technique just
Rate is selected to be adjusted by 5% to 1%-5%, the end selects rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.01% -0.25%, to reduce choice accuracy,
Primary election rate is adjusted to 5%-10% by 5%, selects rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.25% -1% eventually.
When the screening plant size is limited by work-yard, then it should ensure that shoal of fish Zan Yang areas 4 by described maximum temporarily foster close
Degree once at least accommodates 500 tail black carps, and by making more set screening plants, is allowed to accommodate the total amount of the alternative black carp shoal of fish at least
Reach 5000 tails or more, screened at the same time with realizing, it is disposable to complete screening operation and ensure primary election reliability.
A kind of screening plant of the high-quality colony of black carp, the screening plant mainly by：Contributing region 1, Shou Yu areas 2, passageway area
3rd, Zan Yang areas 4 and confession hydrodynamic system 5 are formed, and contributing region 1, Shou Yu areas 2,3 Ji Zanyang areas 4 of passageway area are linked in sequence, described
Each junction is in sealing state, is connected for hydrodynamic system 5 with contributing region 1, the contributing region 1 and the Shou Yu areas 2 it
Between be provided with current regulating gate 6, contributing region 1 is tank structure, and Zan Yang areas 4 are pond structure, and contributing region 1 passes through current
Regulating gate 6 is connected with Shou Yu areas 2, and Shou Yu areas 2 are connected with passageway area 3, and passageway area 3 is connected with Zan Yang areas 4；
The housing in the Shou Yu areas 2 is made by transparent material, rectangular channel-type structure, the housing in Shou Yu areas 2
On be provided with Shou Yu areas dodge gate 7, Shou Yu areas dodge gate 7 is in when closed sealing structure, is pacified in the housing in Shou Yu areas 2
Equipped with current regulating gate 6, fish-luring light 8 and attracting bait box 9；
The fish-luring light 8 is adjustable light quality and the watertight light fitting for trapping the shoal of fish of brightness, its installation position is adjustable；
The attracting bait box 9 is the hollow out plastic casing for launching special bait, its installation position is adjustable；
The housing in the passageway area 3 is made by transparent material, rectangular channel-type structure, the housing in passageway area 3
On be provided with passageway area dodge gate 10, passageway area dodge gate 10 is in when closed sealing structure, in the housing in passageway area 3
It is installed with rack A11, rack B12, rack C13, rack D14 and rack E15,3 length of passageway area and should be greater than maximum
More than 15 times of specification length of fish body, the rack adjacent spacing should be greater than more than 3 times of maximum specification length of fish body, the net
Frame A11, rack B12, rack C13, rack D14 and rack E15 rectangular configuration and area and 3 housing of passageway area in Cross-Section Rectangular
Structure is identical with area；
The rack A11 is made of frame 11a and mesh sheet 11b, and 1 escape hole is provided with the mesh sheet 11b
11c；
The rack B12 is made of frame 12a and mesh sheet 12b, and 1 escape hole is provided with the mesh sheet 12b
12c；
The rack C13 is made of frame 13a and mesh sheet 13b, and 1 escape hole is provided with the mesh sheet 13b
13c；
The rack D14 is made of frame 14a and mesh sheet 14b, and 1 escape hole is provided with the mesh sheet 14b
14c；
The rack E15 is made of frame 15a and mesh sheet 15b, and 1 escape hole is provided with the mesh sheet 15b
15c；
The mesh sheet is polyethylene mesh sheet, its size of mesh is the high 1/5-1/3 of black carp fish body body, each in the mesh sheet
Escape hole shifts to install mutually at random, and the escape hole is only capable of accommodating 1 tail maximum specification black carp by the way that the escape hole is respectively positioned on
In water, a cover board that can cover the escape hole completely is respectively provided with each escape hole, to open and close escape hole.
The line of centres in escape hole is not parallel with the longitudinal centre line in passageway area 3 on the adjacent rack.
P values are equal to 0.05 as in agricultural experiment research by the present invention according to the actual impossibility principle of small probability event
One of small probability standard, that is to say, that P values can be equal to 0.05 be considered as high-quality colony under large sample level select threshold value, i.e.,
According to selection target, superseded wherein 95% individual, the high-quality colony that remaining 5% individual is classified as primary election and/or is selected eventually.
The present invention is suitable for the screening of the high-quality colony of different stages of growth consortive group of flora black carp, and the present invention can be according to actual need
Ask, the appropriate choice accuracy for adjusting the high-quality colony of consortive group of flora black carp, as improving choice accuracy can be as shown in each choice phase
95% mortality is adjusted to 99%, for reduce choice accuracy can also be adjusted as 95% mortality shown in each choice phase to
90%, 95% mortality can be adjusted to 99% by as improving choice accuracy, it is on the contrary then 95% mortality can be adjusted to
90%.
The present invention is aided with light, bait using knot all living creatures work, against the current top stream and " the broken fish of net escapes " habit possessed by black carp
Material lures the effect of drawing, and attracts the high-quality strong individual of consortive group of flora of artificial culture to swim five nets continuously set through screening plant rapidly
Frame, five racks are from the close-by examples to those far off set gradually from shoal of fish Zan Yang areas, and set 1 escape hole on per pass rack respectively, each
Escape hole can only hold 1 tail black carp calmly by, escape hole line between the adjacent net pieces not horizontal longitudinal center with screening plant
Axis is parallel, and can people's each keying in escape hole, and the preferred individual into before Shou Yu areas 5% is determined as primary election in order to control
High-quality colony, bait and attracting light fixture built in Shou Yu areas 2.
The specific production method of rack is：Cut and the wide contour polyethylene mesh sheet of screening plant inner section size, outer edge
It is seamless to be fixed in the screening plant shown in Fig. 1 after polyethylene rack is made in frame, the size of mesh control of selected polyethylene mesh sheet
Make in the high 1/5-1/3 of fish body body, material requirement is nontoxic used in frame, can be plank, plastic plate, steel, rubber slab
In one kind, being cut after fixed with surgical scissors in polyethylene rack can only hold what 1 tail fish passed through calmly, and with smooth steel ring
Fixed-type escape hole, each plug-in one of hole of escaping can cover the cover board in escape hole completely, and cover board is interior edge polythene net
The smooth steel ring of piece, to open and close escape hole, the line not horizontal longitudinal center axis with screening plant in each adjacent escape hole
Parallel, i.e., the line of centres in the escape hole on adjacent rack is not parallel with the rectangle longitudinal centre line in passageway area.
Collect primary election high-quality colony, weigh one by one after numbering, and it is descending sort successively, by body in the high-quality colony of primary election
The end that 5% individual is determined as finally being selected in before reordering selects high-quality colony.
Whole screening plant mainly includes：Contributing region 1, Shou Yu areas 2, passageway area 3,4 four, Zan Yang areas region, its main work(
Can be respectively：
Zan Yang areas 4：For temporarily supporting the alternative shoal of fish, to avoid causing fish body to abrade because the shoal of fish is overstocked, shoal of fish maximum is temporarily supported close
Depending on degree should be by the specific body long size of alternative black carp, wherein the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the averagely long 3cm-5cm of body must not surpass
1800 tails/cubic meter is crossed, the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the long 6cm -10cm of average body must not exceed 900 tails/cubic meter, average
The maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the long 12cm -15cm of body must not exceed 450 tails/cubic meter, and the shoal of fish of long more than the 20cm of average body is most
Big temporarily foster density must not exceed 100 tails/cubic meter.
Passageway area 3：For high-quality individual primary election in the shoal of fish.The overall length requirement of passageway area is more than 15 times of length of fish body,
5 racks are fixed in the area of passageway, spacing is more than 3 times of length of fish body between rack is adjacent, and is escaped between adjacent rack
Line between hole is not parallel with the horizontal longitudinal center axis of device, when primary election hole of each escaping be in below water level.
Shou Yu areas 2：For trapping and collecting the shoal of fish, set in Shou Yu areas and be used to launching the attracting bait box of bait and adjustable
Light quality and brightness are saved to trap the attracting light fixture of the shoal of fish, attracting bait box is hollow out plastic casing, and attracting light fixture is watertight light fitting, is engraved
The installation position of empty plastic casing and watertight light fitting is adjustable removable.
Contributing region 1：Water pump water supply system is set, and for providing current and flow velocity, control, adjust water flow velocity when selecting
Degree, makes the red porgy for selecting Qian Zanyang areas to be in top stream mode.
Water (flow) direction is：2 → passageway area, 3 → Zan Yang areas of contributing region 1 → Shou Yu areas 4.
Swimming direction is when the shoal of fish is screened：4 → passageway area of Zan Yang areas, 3 → Shou Yu areas 2.
Water level：In screening, 1 water level of contributing region should be consistently higher than 4 water level of Zan Yang areas more than 20-40 centimetres.
To avoid causing fish body to abrade because the shoal of fish is overstocked, temporarily foster density should be by for the maximum of the alternative shoal of fish in shoal of fish Zan Yang areas 4
Depending on the specific body long size of alternative black carp, wherein the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the averagely long 3cm-5cm of body must not exceed 1800
Tail/cubic meter, the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the long 6cm -10cm of average body must not exceed 900 tails/cubic meter, average body length
The maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of 12cm -15cm must not exceed 450 tails/cubic meter, and the shoal of fish of long more than the 20cm of average body is maximum temporarily
Foster density must not exceed 100 tails/cubic meter.
Work-yard conditions permit, it should be ensured that can accommodate 5000 by above-mentioned defined maximum temporarily foster density in shoal of fish Zan Yang areas
The alternative shoal of fish more than tail, work-yard condition are limited, then also should ensure that shoal of fish Zan Yang areas 4 can be by above-mentioned defined maximum temporarily foster
Density accommodates 500 tail above black carps, and by making multiple device frames, reaches the total amount of the alternative shoal of fish in shoal of fish Zan Yang areas 4
To more than 5000 tails, with disposably complete primary election work and ensure screen reliability.Check polyethylene rack peace in screening plant
Whether the firmness of dress, and escape hole size meet the requirements with installation position.
Check whether hollow out plastic casing is intact, and can watertight light fitting and water pump water supply system normal operation.
It is more than individual 5000 tails of black carp consortive group of flora stalwartness for randomly selecting in farm with batch breeding and being cultivated with pond, it is desirable to
It is physical strong, fin ray is perfect, move about it is active, disease-free and injury-free.
It is put into the shoal of fish Zan Yang areas 4 shown in Fig. 1, the alternative shoal of fish after processing of stopping eating empties internal excrement to keep away
Exempt to cause fish body to abrade because the shoal of fish is overstocked, the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish should be by the specific body long size of alternative black carp in Zan Yang areas 4
Depending on, wherein the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the averagely long 3cm-5cm of body must not exceed 1800 tails/cubic meter, the long 6cm of average body-
The maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of 10cm must not exceed 900 tails/cubic meter, and the shoal of fish maximum of the long 12cm -15cm of average body is temporarily supported close
Degree must not exceed 450 tails/cubic meter, the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of average long more than the 20cm of body must not exceed 100 tails/cube
Rice.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 11-12, screening plant can also be following structure type.
The screening plant by：Contributing region 1, Shou Yu areas 2, passageway area 3, Zan Yang areas 4, for hydrodynamic system 5, valve 16 and
Pipeline 17 is formed, and is connected and is connected with contributing region 1 for hydrodynamic system 5, and contributing region 1 is by valve 16 and pipeline 17 with receiving
Fish area 2 is connected and connects, and Shou Yu areas 2 are connected and connect with passageway area 3, and passageway area 3 is connected and connects with Zan Yang areas 4,
Each junction is in sealing state, and contributing region 1 is tank structure, and Zan Yang areas 4 are pond structure.
The housing in the Shou Yu areas 2 is made by transparent material, rectangular channel-type structure, the housing in Shou Yu areas 2
On be provided with Shou Yu areas dodge gate 7, Shou Yu areas dodge gate 7 is in when closed sealing state, is pacified in the housing in Shou Yu areas 2
Equipped with fish-luring light 8 and attracting bait box 9.
The valve 16 is used to adjust water velocity.
In the present embodiment two valve 16 act on, application method it is identical with the current regulating gate 6 in embodiment one.
It is the other structures of screening plant and screening operation method in the present embodiment two, identical with embodiment one using step.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of artificial screening method of the high-quality colony of black carp, it is screened using freshwater aquiculture resource and device, it is characterised in that：
It includes following basic skills and step：
(1) the high-quality colony of initial screening
The setting of (1-1) screening plant
The screening plant mainly by：Contributing region (1), Shou Yu areas (2), passageway area (3), Zan Yang areas (4) and for hydrodynamic system
(5) formed, contributing region (1), Shou Yu areas (2), passageway area (3) Ji Zanyang areas (4) are linked in sequence, and each junction is in sealing
State, is connected with contributing region (1) for hydrodynamic system (5), is set between the contributing region (1) and the Shou Yu areas (2)
There is current regulating gate (6), contributing region (1) is tank structure, and Zan Yang areas (4) are pond structure, and contributing region (1) passes through water
Stream regulating gate (6) is connected with Shou Yu areas (2), and Shou Yu areas (2) are connected with passageway area (3), passageway area (3) and Zan Yang areas
(4) it is connected；
Shou Yu areas dodge gate (7) is provided with the housing of the Shou Yu areas (2), water is installed in the housing of Shou Yu areas (2)
Flow regulating gate (6), fish-luring light (8) and attracting bait box (9)；
Passageway area dodge gate (10) is provided with the housing of the passageway area (3), is fixedly mounted in the housing of passageway area (3)
There are rack A (11), rack B (12), rack C (13), rack D (14) and rack E (15), escape is both provided with each rack
Hole, is respectively provided with a cover board that can cover the escape hole completely on each escape hole, to open and close escape hole；
The inspection of (1-2) screening plant, cleaning and debugging
A, each rack installation and position are checked；
B, the escape hole size on rack and installation position and cover board flexibility are checked；
C, attracting bait box (9) quantity, installation position are checked and is put into bait in box；
D, fish-luring light (8) quantity and installation position are checked；
E, check and supply hydrodynamic system (5), it is necessary to assure current supply during screening under the stream mode of shoal of fish top；
F, check current regulating gate (6), and close；
G, screening plant, the water of the cleaning fresh water can be washed down after normal use with cleaning fresh water by completing above-mentioned review and validate
Matter, should meet the requirement of The Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, MOA NY 5051-2001 pollution-free food aquiculture fresh waters water standard；
H, Shou Yu area's dodge gates (7) are closed and passageway area dodge gate (10) and are sealed；
I, it is to prevent that occurring black carp in screening process jumps from screening plant, it is desirable to cover Zan Yang areas (4), institute with polyethylene etting
The size of mesh for stating polyethylene etting is less than the 1/2 of black carp fish body height；
(1-3) initial screening pre-processes and shoal of fish source
A, current regulating gate (6) is closed, cleaning fresh water is poured into screening plant, contributing region (1), Shou Yu areas (2), passageway area
(3) Ji Zanyang areas (4) fill cleaning fresh water, and the water level of contributing region (1) is higher than the water level of Zan Yang areas (4)；
B, fresh water is cleaned：17 DEG C -31 DEG C, pH 7.0-8.5 of water temperature, dissolved oxygen amount are not less than 5 mg/litres；
C, randomly select more than 5000 tail of consortive group of flora black carp with batch breeding and with pond cultivation, it is desirable to scale and the complete nothing of fin ray
It is scarce, physical strong, travelling active, without lesion, be put into Zan Yang areas (4) aquaculture pond, to avoid leading because the black carp shoal of fish is overstocked
Fish body is caused to abrade, the maximum temporarily foster density of the black carp shoal of fish should be by the specific body calipers of alternative black carp in shoal of fish Zan Yang areas (4) aquaculture pond
Depending on lattice, wherein the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of the averagely long 3cm-5cm of body must not exceed 1800 tails/cubic meter, average body length
The maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of 6cm -10cm must not exceed 900 tails/cubic meter, and the shoal of fish of the long 12cm -15cm of average body is maximum
Temporarily foster density must not exceed 450 tails/cubic meter, the maximum temporarily foster density of the shoal of fish of long more than the 20cm of average body must not exceed 100 tails/
Cubic meter；
D, the consortive group of flora black carp for randomly selecting with batch breeding and being cultivated with pond must be handled through stopping eating, and processing time of stopping eating is 1-
2 days, it is subject to and drains excrement in fish body；
E, primary election is operated in night progress, to keep primary election place quiet, from external interference, and if must be carried out on daytime,
Answer sunshade and control the light in work-yard, the alternative consortive group of flora black carp shoal of fish is kept relatively quiet, indoor illumination control exists
Within 500 luxs；
The initial screening of (1-4) shoal of fish
A, the black carp shoal of fish is put into Zan Yang areas (4) and is allowed to after keeping quite, and progressively opens current regulating gate (6), and slowly
Water velocity is improved, big minor adjustment water velocity is opened and closed by current regulating gate (6), makes the black carp being put into Zan Yang areas (4)
The shoal of fish is in top stream mode after of short duration adaptation；
Water (flow) direction is：Contributing region (1) → Shou Yu areas (2) → passageway area (3) → Zan Yang areas (4)；
Swimming direction is when the black carp shoal of fish is screened：Zan Yang areas (4) → passageway area (3) → Shou Yu areas (2)；
Contributing region (1) water level should be consistently higher than Zan Yang areas (4) water level, and water velocity during screening is to screen in Qian Zanyang areas (4)
Black carp be in top stream mode subject to, when the black carp shoal of fish it is all individual keep top stream mode when, no longer improve water velocity；
B, after the black carp shoal of fish adapts to top stream 30 minutes, the fish-luring light (8) for being used for trapping the shoal of fish is opened in Shou Yu areas (2), it is described
The intensity of light control of fish-luring light (8) is hung in -2500 lux of 1500 lux, fish-luring light (8) and attracting bait box (9)
In Shou Yu areas (2)；
C, after fish-luring light (8) is opened 30 minutes, and after confirming that bait breath has diffused to Zan Yang areas (4), all escape holes are opened
On cover board, making each escape hole, be in can prevailing state；
D, when the black carp mantissa for entering Shou Yu areas (2) reaches the 5% of alternative shoal of fish total amount, cover board, pass on closure escape hole
Current regulating gate (6) is closed, primary election work is terminated, collects the black carp into Shou Yu areas (2), complete the initial screening of the shoal of fish, this 5%
Black carp mantissa is the high-quality Population that primary dcreening operation is elected, i.e., primary election rate is 5%；
(2) high-quality colony is selected eventually
On the basis of the high-quality colony of initial screening, i.e., on the basis of 5% shoal of fish of primary dcreening operation rate, primary dcreening operation is elected into high-quality colony
Shoal of fish individual is weighed one by one, by the descending number sorting one by one of whose body weight, and before weight is sorted 5% shoal of fish individual really
It is set to and selects high-quality colony eventually, i.e., it is 5% individual in the high-quality colony of initial screening to select object eventually, and it is 0.25% to select rate eventually.
A kind of 2. artificial screening method of the high-quality colony of black carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The screening side
Method is suitable for the screening of the high-quality colony of different stages of growth consortive group of flora black carp with the screening plant.
A kind of 3. artificial screening method of the high-quality colony of black carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The screening side
Method is suitable for the screening of high-quality parent population with the screening plant.
A kind of 4. artificial screening method of the high-quality colony of black carp according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The sieve
Choosing method can adjust the choice accuracy of the high-quality colony of consortive group of flora black carp, as improve choice accuracy, primary election rate described in screening technique
Adjusted by 5% to 1%-5%, the end selects rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.01% -0.25%, to reduce choice accuracy, primary election
Rate is adjusted to 5%-10% by 5%, selects rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.25% -1% eventually.
A kind of 5. artificial screening method of the high-quality colony of black carp according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that：The sieve
Choosing method can adjust the choice accuracy of high-quality parent population, as improve choice accuracy, primary election rate described in screening technique by 5% adjust to
1%-5%, the end select rate to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.01% -0.25%, and to reduce choice accuracy, primary election rate is by 5% adjustment
To 5%-10%, rate is selected to be adjusted by 0.25% to 0.25% -1% eventually.
A kind of 6. artificial screening method of the high-quality colony of black carp according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The screening dress
When putting size and being limited by work-yard, then it should ensure that shoal of fish Zan Yang areas (4) once at least accommodate 500 by the maximum temporarily foster density
Tail black carp, and by making more set screening plants, the total amount for being allowed to accommodate the alternative black carp shoal of fish is at least up to 5000 tails or more,
Screened at the same time with realizing, it is disposable to complete screening operation and ensure primary election reliability.
A kind of 7. screening plant of the high-quality colony of black carp, it is characterised in that：The screening plant mainly by：Contributing region (1), receive fish
Area (2), passageway area (3), Zan Yang areas (4) and confession hydrodynamic system (5) are formed, contributing region (1), Shou Yu areas (2), passageway area
(3) Ji Zanyang areas (4) are linked in sequence, and each junction is in sealing state, are connected for hydrodynamic system (5) with contributing region (1)
Connect, current regulating gate (6) is provided between the contributing region (1) and the Shou Yu areas (2), contributing region (1) is tank
Structure, Zan Yang areas (4) are pond structure, and contributing region (1) is connected by current regulating gate (6) with Shou Yu areas (2), receive fish
Area (2) is connected with passageway area (3), and passageway area (3) are connected with Zan Yang areas (4)；
The housing of the Shou Yu areas (2) is made by transparent material, rectangular channel-type structure, the housing in Shou Yu areas (2)
On be provided with Shou Yu areas dodge gate (7), Shou Yu areas dodge gate (7) is in sealing structure when closed, the shell in Shou Yu areas (2)
Current regulating gate (6), fish-luring light (8) and attracting bait box (9) are installed in vivo；
The fish-luring light (8) is adjustable light quality and the watertight light fitting for trapping the shoal of fish of brightness, its installation position is adjustable；
The attracting bait box (9) is the hollow out plastic casing for launching special bait, its installation position is adjustable；
The housing of the passageway area (3) is made by transparent material, rectangular channel-type structure, the housing in passageway area (3)
On be provided with passageway area dodge gate (10), passageway area dodge gate (10) is in sealing structure when closed, in passageway area (3)
Rack A (11), rack B (12), rack C (13), rack D (14) and rack E (15), the passageway area are installed with housing
(3) length should be greater than more than 15 times of maximum specification length of fish body, and the rack adjacent spacing should be greater than maximum specification fish length
More than 3 times of degree, the rack A (11), rack B (12), rack C (13), the rectangular configuration of rack D (14) and rack E (15)
It is identical with area with area and Cross-Section Rectangular structure in passageway area (3) housing；
The rack A (11) is made of frame (11a) and mesh sheet (11b), and 1 escape is provided with the mesh sheet (11b)
Hole (11c)；
The rack B (12) is made of frame (12a) and mesh sheet (12b), and 1 escape is provided with the mesh sheet (12b)
Hole (12c)；
The rack C (13) is made of frame (13a) and mesh sheet (13b), and 1 escape is provided with the mesh sheet (13b)
Hole (13c)；
The rack D (14) is made of frame (14a) and mesh sheet (14b), and 1 escape is provided with the mesh sheet (14b)
Hole (14c)；
The rack E (15) is made of frame (15a) and mesh sheet (15b), and 1 escape is provided with the mesh sheet (15b)
Hole (15c)；
The mesh sheet is polyethylene mesh sheet, its size of mesh is the high 1/5-1/3 of black carp fish body body, each escape in the mesh sheet
Hole shifts to install mutually at random, and the escape hole is only capable of accommodating 1 tail maximum specification black carp by the way that the escape hole is respectively positioned on water
In, a cover board that can cover the escape hole completely is respectively provided with each escape hole, to open and close escape hole.
A kind of 8. screening plant of the high-quality colony of black carp according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：On the adjacent rack
The line of centres in escape hole is not parallel with the longitudinal centre line of passageway area (3).
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| CN2017108496988 | 2017-09-14 |
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| US5222458A (en) * | 1991-12-17 | 1993-06-29 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Department Of Fisheries And Oceans | Apparatus for monitoring moving aquatic organisms |
| CN101564014A (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2009-10-28 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for screening and separating high-quality fry and poor-quality fry in batches |
| CN107173292A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-19 | 天津渤海水产研究所 | Multi-level fry separating sieve |
| JP2017175993A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-10-05 | Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 | Feeding method of fish in land rearing water tank |
| CN206674810U (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-11-28 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | A kind of multistage fry sub-sieve device |
| KR20180134901A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2018-12-19 | 배대강 | Viable tilapia in fully seawater and its breeding methods |
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2017
- 2017-12-19 CN CN201711372435.9A patent/CN107950458A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5222458A (en) * | 1991-12-17 | 1993-06-29 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Department Of Fisheries And Oceans | Apparatus for monitoring moving aquatic organisms |
| CN101564014A (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2009-10-28 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for screening and separating high-quality fry and poor-quality fry in batches |
| JP2017175993A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-10-05 | Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 | Feeding method of fish in land rearing water tank |
| KR20180134901A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2018-12-19 | 배대강 | Viable tilapia in fully seawater and its breeding methods |
| CN206674810U (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-11-28 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | A kind of multistage fry sub-sieve device |
| CN107173292A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-19 | 天津渤海水产研究所 | Multi-level fry separating sieve |
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Application publication date: 20180424 |