CN108094000A - A kind of method for preventing eggplant Bemisia tabaci - Google Patents
A kind of method for preventing eggplant Bemisia tabaci Download PDFInfo
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- CN108094000A CN108094000A CN201711194481.4A CN201711194481A CN108094000A CN 108094000 A CN108094000 A CN 108094000A CN 201711194481 A CN201711194481 A CN 201711194481A CN 108094000 A CN108094000 A CN 108094000A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for preventing eggplant Bemisia tabaci, eggplant row cultivation by size, wide row space 80cm, small line-spacing 70cm in heliogreenhouse；15 20 days transplanting angelica keiskei koidzs before eggplant field planting, the small row centre plantation a line angelica keiskei koidz of field planting row, spacing in the rows 28cm；Angelica keiskei koidz uses the matrix hole plate seedling growth containing carbonization rice husk, increases carbonization rice husk in planting pit, hole tray and pouring root are dipped in using Diacloden liquid；Eggplant field planting before 12 days and be colonized after 25 days foliage-sprays walk quickly and keep away the mixed aqueous solution of plant Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extract and chitin.The present invention can be put out before Bemisia tabaci diffuses to eggplant using Trap plants angelica keiskei koidz and the hidden pesticide application technology of orientation, meanwhile, it is capable to reduce chemical pesticide dosage and realize the main cultivation non-contact chemical prevention of crop eggplant, ensured food safety and ecological safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control method of eggplant insect pest, especially one kind can reduce chemical pesticide and use and realize
The control method of the main eggplant Bemisia tabaci for planting the non-contact chemical prevention of crop, particularly suitable heliogreenhouse autumn and winter stubble eggplant cultivation,
Belong to technical field of plant protection.
Background technology
Tobacco powder Pediculus Homoptera Aleyrodidae based on adult, nymph thorn suction plant juice, causes aggrieved blade chlorisis, withers
It is listless or withered, while secrete honeydew and induce sooty mould, the photosynthesis of plant is influenced, makes plant strain growth bad.Bemisia tabaci may be used also
To propagate various plants virosis.Worm harm in recent years aggravates year by year.Since the worm reproduction speed is fast, generation overlap is serious,
Host range is extensive, propagates and rate of propagation is fast, and the resistance to the action of a drug is strong, and difficulty of prevention and cure is big, its harm is controlled to become current agricultural life
Problem urgently to be resolved hurrily in production.
It still relies primarily on through chemical prevention to realize the prevention of Bemisia tabaci and control in production at present, and causes chemistry
Unreasonable use of insecticide is even abused, and then leads to problems such as pest resistance to insecticide, pesticide pollution and residual, serious prestige
The great society and economy problem such as agricultural product security and ecological safety and the export of farm produce of side of body.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention be in view of the above problems, provide it is a kind of prevent eggplant Bemisia tabaci method,
Take this method that can efficiently control the generation of Bemisia tabaci, prevention and control principle is plantation Trap plants, spatially protects main cultivation
Crop eggplant plant endangers from Bemisia tabaci, apparently higher than the plant angelica keiskei koidz of eggplant and determines using to Bemisia tabaci attracting action
It to hidden pesticide application technology, can be put out before Bemisia tabaci diffuses to eggplant, chemical pesticide dosage and main cultivation are reduced meanwhile, it is capable to realize
The non-contact chemical prevention of crop, ensures food safety and ecological safety.
To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：The row cultivation by size in heliogreenhouse by eggplant,
Wide row space 80cm, small line-spacing 60cm, spacing in the rows 48cm.
15-20 days transplanting Trap plants angelica keiskei koidzs before eggplant field planting；Plantation a line angelica keiskei koidz, spacing in the rows among the small row of field planting row
28cm；Cave field planting is opened, is mixed per cave and applies carbonization rice husk 75g, angelica keiskei koidz seedling is colonized in cave.Angelica keiskei koidz is colonized earlier than eggplant, and two
Person interval cannot be below 15 days, can so ensure Bemisia tabaci adults remaining in greenhouse, nymph eggplant field planting before lure to
In angelica keiskei koidz, while it can also ensure that the ovum of the Bemisia tabaci of remaining has time enough to be lured after hatching imago/nymph before eggplant field planting
To angelica keiskei koidz, reduce and poison is passed by tobacco powder lice infestation after eggplant is colonized.If the field planting interval of angelica keiskei koidz and eggplant is insufficient, meeting
Bemisia tabaci is caused just to cause to infect harm to eggplant before being lured to angelica keiskei koidz.
Angelica keiskei koidz uses plug media nursery, and matrix is by turf：Carbonization rice husk：Vermiculite by volume 2:1:1 composition, bright moon
Grass does sth. in advance nursery 25-30 days than eggplant, and 30kg is watered with 25% Diacloden water dispersible granules 17.5g within 1-2 days before angelica keiskei koidz transplanting
It dips in hole tray 2-3 minutes, the matrix in hole tray is made to be impregnated with completely by liquid.Diacloden is a kind of systemic insecticide, by dipping in cave
Disk angelica keiskei koidz root system absorbs Diacloden, is transmitted to the positions such as blade, Bemisia tabaci can be poisoned to death after sucking angelica keiskei koidz juice.Experiment
It was found that：By dipping in disk turf and carbonization rice husk is made to adsorb enough Diaclodens, turf and carbonization rice husk absorption after angelica keiskei koidz field planting
Diacloden slowly release absorbed by angelica keiskei koidz root system, realization persistently kill Bemisia tabaci；Carbonization rice husk is added in matrix, is reduced
The loss of Diacloden improves Diacloden utilization rate, reduces Diacloden dosage.
Before transplanting angelica keiskei koidz, sunlight greenhouse vent is closed with fly net, and outdoor Bemisia tabaci is prevented to enter.
Eggplant uses plug media nursery, and matrix is by turf：Vermiculite by volume 3:1 composition, 4 leaf, 1 heart field planting, before field planting
It is formed one layer with the mixed aqueous solution of Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extract and chitin spray eggplant rice shoot, new high fat film in rice shoot body and is surpassed within 1-2 days
Thin protective film shields Bemisia tabaci smell, plays anthelmintic action, and Bemisia tabaci is driven to be migrated away from eggplant to Trap plants.
15kg pouring roots are watered after angelica keiskei koidz field planting with 25% Diacloden water dispersible granules 9.25g within 30 days, each every plant of bright moon
Sowing liquid 50g.The Diacloden lasting period is 20-30 days, angelica keiskei koidz be colonized after 30 days with Diacloden pouring root, to ensure bright moon cursive script
Inside there are enough Diacloden residuals to kill Bemisia tabaci.It is mixed in planting pit and applies carbonization rice husk, Diacloden is carbonized rice husk suction after pouring root
It is attached, it is absorbed afterwards in slow release by angelica keiskei koidz root system, reduces the loss of Diacloden, improve Diacloden utilization rate, reduced
Diacloden dosage.
The mixed aqueous solution of 25 days foliage-spray Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extracts and chitin after eggplant field planting, eggplant blade face form one layer
Ultra-thin protective film shields Bemisia tabaci smell, plays repellent action, Bemisia tabaci is driven to be moved away from eggplant plant to Trap plants
It moves.
The mixed aqueous solution of a kind of prioritization scheme, the Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extract and chitin, follows these steps to produce：
（1）The whole strain extraction of lettuce, cleans and dries, add in pulverizer and squeeze the juice；
（2）By step（1）In squeeze the juice after solidliquid mixture be filtered, filter out residue, obtain filtrate；
（3）By step（2）In filtrate, 500 times of chitin water soluble liquid is by weight 1：100-120 is mixed.
Carbonization rice husk obtains for rice husk when the 6-7 that is carbonized in the environment of 400-600 DEG C is small.
Using above technical scheme, compared with prior art, has the following advantages：
1）The present invention can be effectively reduced the incidence of eggplant Bemisia tabaci, completely Bemisia tabaci can be controlled to endanger.
2）The present invention realizes the hidden dispenser of orientation by planting Trap plants, and the environment number of dropouts of pesticide is greatly lowered,
Target rate in chemical pesticide is effectively improved, is conducive to Environment Ecological Safe.
3）The present invention is realized by using carbonization rice husk is increased in matrix hole plate seedling growth and planting pit containing carbonization rice husk
Hidden dispenser Timed-release technology, improves the utilization rate of chemical pesticide, reduces the dosage of chemical pesticide, chemical pesticide, which subtracts, to be applied
42.9%。
4）The present invention can realize the main cultivation non-contact chemical prevention of crop, and product non agricultural chemical residuum is conducive to ensure food
Safety.
The invention will be further described With reference to embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Following embodiment is not limited to protection scope of the present invention for illustrating the present invention.
Embodiment 1, heliogreenhouse Autumn cultivation eggplant, by eggplant, row is cultivated by size in heliogreenhouse, wide row space
80cm, small line-spacing 60cm, spacing in the rows 48cm；
15-20 days transplanting angelica keiskei koidzs before eggplant field planting；Plantation a line angelica keiskei koidz, spacing in the rows 28cm among the small row of field planting row；Cave is opened to determine
It plants, is mixed per cave and apply carbonization rice husk 75g, angelica keiskei koidz is colonized in cave.
Angelica keiskei koidz uses plug media nursery, and matrix is by turf：Carbonization rice husk：Vermiculite by volume 2:1:1 composition, bright moon
Grass does sth. in advance nursery 25-30 days than eggplant, and 30kg is watered with 25% Diacloden water dispersible granules 17.5g within 1-2 days before angelica keiskei koidz transplanting
It dips in hole tray 2-3 minutes, the matrix in hole tray is made to be impregnated with completely by liquid.
Before transplanting angelica keiskei koidz, the ventilation opening of heliogreenhouse is closed with fly net.
Eggplant uses plug media nursery, and matrix is by turf：Vermiculite by volume 3:1 composition, 4 leaf, 1 heart field planting, before field planting
Eggplant rice shoot is sprayed with the mixed aqueous solution of Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extract and chitin within 1-2 days.
15kg pouring roots are watered after angelica keiskei koidz field planting with 25% Diacloden water dispersible granules 9.25g within 30 days, each every plant of bright moon
Sowing liquid 50g.
The mixed aqueous solution of 25 days foliage-spray Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extracts and chitin after eggplant field planting.
The mixed aqueous solution of above-mentioned Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extract and chitin follows these steps to produce：
（1）The whole strain extraction of lettuce plant, cleans and dries, add in pulverizer and squeeze the juice；
（2）By step（1）In squeeze the juice after solidliquid mixture be filtered, filter out residue, obtain filtrate；
（3）By step（2）In filtrate, 500 times of chitin water soluble liquid is by weight 1：100-120 is mixed.
Embodiment 2, heliogreenhouse Autumn cultivation eggplant, place is in Shandong Shouguang eggplant greenhouse, July 10 in 2014
Day sowing, August are colonized on the 15th, and kind is big dragon.Experiment sets 2 processing, in addition to desired measure, other complete phases of management measure
Together.
Processing 1：It is carried out by the technical solution of embodiment 1.
Processing 2：Eggplant is cultivated as follows, and Bemisia tabaci is prevented using existing chemical method.Specific technical solution is as follows：
Eggplant is watered 30kg with 25% Diacloden water dispersible granules 17.5g when transplanting and dips in hole tray 2-3 minutes, makes the matrix in hole tray by medicine
Liquid is impregnated with completely, according to Bemisia tabaci a situation arises foliage-spray Diacloden in growth period.Eggplant planting density is the same as processing 1.
Through experiment, Bemisia tabaci harm does not occur for 1 eggplant of processing, and angelica keiskei koidz dips in hole tray and pouring root co-administers 25% Diacloden water
Dispersible granule 70g；2 eggplant Bemisia tabaci hazard ratios 14.1% are handled, eggplant dips in hole tray and foliage-spray co-administers 25% Diacloden water
Dispersible granule 122.5g, processing 1 are reduced than 2 Diaclodens of processing using 42.9%.The ambient flow of pesticide is greatly lowered in processing 1
Vector effectively improves target rate and the utilization rate of chemical pesticide in chemical pesticide, reduces the dosage of chemical pesticide, is conducive to environment life
State safety.
After testing, 1 eggplant Diacloden residual quantity of processing does not detect, and 2 eggplant Diacloden residual quantities of processing are 0.23mg/kg.
Processing 1 is conducive to ensure food safety using the main cultivation non-contact chemical prevention of crop, product non agricultural chemical residuum.
Embodiment 3, heliogreenhouse Autumn cultivation eggplant, place is in Shandong Shouguang Vegetable Base.June 28 in 2015 is broadcast
Kind, field planting on July 30, kind Bu Lita.Experiment sets 3 processing, in addition to desired measure, other complete phases of management measure
Together.
Processing 1：It is carried out by the technical solution of embodiment 1.
Processing 2：Except angelica keiskei koidz seedling medium is turf：Vermiculite by volume 3:In 1 composition and angelica keiskei koidz planting pit not
Mixed to apply outside carbonization rice husk, other measures are the same as processing 1.
Processing 3：The mixed aqueous solution spray eggplant rice shoot for not having to Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extract and chitin except 1-2 days before field planting and eggplant
Other measures are the same as processing 1 not outside the mixed aqueous solution of foliage-spray Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extract and chitin within 25 days after son field planting.
Through experiment, Bemisia tabaci harm does not occur for 1 eggplant of processing, and 2 eggplant Bemisia tabaci hazard ratios of processing are 16.1%, handle 3 eggplants
Sub- Bemisia tabaci hazard ratio is 17.7%.Processing 1 reaches the level of signifiance with difference between processing 2, processing 3, between processing 2, processing 3
Difference is not notable.The result shows that：In plantation Trap plants and on the premise of orienting hidden dispenser, carbonization rice husk and walk quickly and keep away plant and carry
It is an organic whole to take the mixed aqueous solution combination application of object and chitin, lacks either party and does not all realize to eggplant cigarette
The preferable control effect of aleyrodid.
Embodiment 4, heliogreenhouse Autumn cultivation eggplant, place is in Shandong Shouguang Vegetable Base.June 22 in 2016 is broadcast
Kind, field planting on July 25, kind Bu Lita.Experiment sets 3 processing, in addition to desired measure, other complete phases of management measure
Together.
Processing 1：It is carried out by the technical solution of embodiment 1.
Processing 2：Eggplant is cultivated by following technical proposal：
By eggplant, row is cultivated by size in heliogreenhouse, wide row space 80cm, small line-spacing 70cm, spacing in the rows 48cm；
15-20 days transplanting Trap plants angelica keiskei koidzs before eggplant field planting；Plantation a line angelica keiskei koidz, spacing in the rows among the small row of field planting row
28cm；Cave field planting is opened, is mixed per cave and applies carbonization rice husk 75g, angelica keiskei koidz seedling is colonized in cave.
Angelica keiskei koidz uses plug media nursery, and matrix is by turf：Carbonization rice husk：Vermiculite by volume 2:1:1 composition, bright moon
Grass does sth. in advance nursery 25-30 days than eggplant, and 30kg is watered with 25% Diacloden water dispersible granules 17.5g within 1-2 days before angelica keiskei koidz transplanting
It dips in hole tray 2-3 minutes, the matrix in hole tray is made to be impregnated with completely by liquid.
Before transplanting angelica keiskei koidz, the ventilation opening of heliogreenhouse is closed with fly net.
Eggplant uses plug media nursery, and matrix is by turf：Vermiculite by volume 3:1 composition, 4 leaf, 1 heart field planting, before field planting
Eggplant rice shoot is sprayed with Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extract aqueous solution within 1-2 days.
15kg pouring roots are watered after angelica keiskei koidz field planting with 25% Diacloden water dispersible granules 9.25g within 30 days, each every plant of bright moon
Sowing liquid 50g.
25 days foliage-spray Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extract aqueous solutions after eggplant field planting.
Above-mentioned Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extract aqueous solution, follows these steps to produce：
（1）The whole strain extraction of lettuce, cleans and dries, add in pulverizer and squeeze the juice；
（2）By step（1）In squeeze the juice after solidliquid mixture be filtered, filter out residue, obtain filtrate；
（3）By step（2）In filtrate, water is by weight 1：100-120 is mixed.
Processing 3：Eggplant is cultivated by following technical proposal：
By eggplant, row is cultivated by size in heliogreenhouse, wide row space 80cm, small line-spacing 70cm, spacing in the rows 48cm；
15-20 days transplanting Trap plants angelica keiskei koidzs before eggplant field planting；Plantation a line angelica keiskei koidz, spacing in the rows among the small row of field planting row
28cm；Cave field planting is opened, is mixed per cave and applies carbonization rice husk 75g, angelica keiskei koidz seedling is colonized in cave.
Angelica keiskei koidz uses plug media nursery, and matrix is by turf：Carbonization rice husk：Vermiculite by volume 2:1:1 composition, bright moon
Grass does sth. in advance nursery 25-30 days than eggplant, and 30kg is watered with 25% Diacloden water dispersible granules 17.5g within 1-2 days before angelica keiskei koidz transplanting
It dips in hole tray 2-3 minutes, the matrix in hole tray is made to be impregnated with completely by liquid.
Before transplanting angelica keiskei koidz, the ventilation opening of heliogreenhouse is closed with fly net.
Eggplant uses plug media nursery, and matrix is by turf：Vermiculite by volume 3:1 composition, 4 leaf, 1 heart field planting, before field planting
Eggplant rice shoot is sprayed with 500 times of chitin water soluble liquid within 1-2 days.
15kg pouring roots are watered after angelica keiskei koidz field planting with 25% Diacloden water dispersible granules 9.25g within 30 days, each every plant of bright moon
Sowing liquid 50g.
The chitin water soluble liquid of 25 days 500 times of foliage-sprays after eggplant field planting.
Through experiment, Bemisia tabaci harm does not occur for 1 eggplant of processing, and 2 eggplant Bemisia tabaci hazard ratios of processing are 9.5%, handle 3 eggplants
Sub- Bemisia tabaci hazard ratio is 18.8%.Processing 1 reaches the level of signifiance with difference between processing 2, processing 3, between processing 2, processing 3
Difference reaches the level of signifiance.Illustrate that chitin in itself to Bemisia tabaci without avoidance effect, application is mixed with the Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extract that becomes and is conducive to
The harm of eggplant Bemisia tabaci is controlled, lacks chitin and does not realize to the preferable control effect of eggplant Bemisia tabaci.
One skilled in the art would recognize that above-mentioned specific embodiment is only exemplary, it is to make ability
Field technique personnel can be better understood from present invention, should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention.In this hair
Under the enlightenment of bright technical solution, those skilled in the art can realize the present invention's without creative work using other manner
Purpose, as long as technical solution improvements introduced according to the present invention, each falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. method for preventing eggplant Bemisia tabaci, it is characterised in that：By eggplant, row is cultivated by size in heliogreenhouse, big row Away from 80cm, small line-spacing 70cm, spacing in the rows 48cm；15-20 days transplanting angelica keiskei koidzs before eggplant field planting；Plantation a line angelica keiskei koidz, spacing in the rows 28cm among the small row of field planting row；Cave is opened to determine It plants, is mixed per cave and apply carbonization rice husk 75g, angelica keiskei koidz seedling is colonized in cave；Angelica keiskei koidz uses plug media nursery, and matrix is by turf：Carbonization rice husk：Vermiculite by volume 2:1:1 composition, angelica keiskei koidz ratio Eggplant does sth. in advance nursery 25-30 days, and being watered 30kg with 25% Diacloden water dispersible granules 17.5g within 1-2 days before angelica keiskei koidz transplanting dips in cave Disk makes the matrix in hole tray be impregnated with completely by liquid；Before transplanting angelica keiskei koidz, the ventilation opening of heliogreenhouse is closed with fly net；Eggplant uses plug media nursery, and matrix is by turf：Vermiculite by volume 3:1 composition, the field planting of 4 leaf, 1 heart, 1-2 before field planting It sprays eggplant rice shoot with the mixed aqueous solution of Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extract and chitin；15kg pouring roots are watered after angelica keiskei koidz field planting with 25% Diacloden water dispersible granules 9.25g within 30 days, each every plant of bright moon sowing Liquid 50g；The mixed aqueous solution of 25 days foliage-spray Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extracts and chitin after eggplant field planting.
- 2. the method for prevention eggplant Bemisia tabaci according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae extract and crust The mixed aqueous solution of element, follows these steps to produce：（1）The whole strain extraction of lettuce, cleans and dries, add in pulverizer and squeeze the juice；（2）By step（1）In squeeze the juice after solidliquid mixture be filtered, filter out residue, obtain filtrate；（3）By step（2）In filtrate, 500 times of chitin water soluble liquid is by weight 1：100-120 is mixed.
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