CN108090322A - A kind of evaluation method of the ultra-fine grinding product based on fuzzy overall evaluation - Google Patents
A kind of evaluation method of the ultra-fine grinding product based on fuzzy overall evaluation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229940050561 matrix product Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种产品的评价方法，尤其是涉及一种基于模糊综合评价的超细粉碎产品的评价方法。The invention relates to an evaluation method of products, in particular to an evaluation method of superfine pulverized products based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.
背景技术Background technique
矿物的超细粉碎难以直接将颗粒粉碎到所需的粒度，一般包括粉碎和分级或者预粉碎和超细粉碎两大环节。产品的质量对上一环节处理过程及下一个处理过程具有检验和指导意义。在水泥生产、化工、冶金细磨、矿物粉碎等行业领域中，粉碎工作效率低，单位电耗大。从南非铂金生产的磨矿成本比例中可以得知，电能成本占很大一部分，比例为37％。因此优化磨机的工艺参数，使设备具有更好的粉碎效果是很有价值和意义的研究课题。Mineral ultra-fine crushing is difficult to directly crush the particles to the required particle size, and generally includes crushing and classification or pre-grinding and ultra-fine crushing. The quality of the product has inspection and guiding significance for the previous process and the next process. In cement production, chemical industry, metallurgical fine grinding, mineral crushing and other industries, the efficiency of crushing is low and the unit power consumption is large. As can be seen from the proportion of grinding costs for platinum production in South Africa, electricity costs account for a large proportion, accounting for 37%. Therefore, optimizing the process parameters of the mill to make the equipment have a better crushing effect is a very valuable and meaningful research topic.
根据评价试验结果优劣的指标多少可将试验分为单指标试验和多指标试验，一般说，科学研究与工程实施中许多工艺优化问题大多是多指标优化问题，矿物的超细粉碎就是其中之一。但多指标优化问题中各指标之间通过各指标相互渗透、相互制约，对其中一个指标优化是以其它指标劣化作为代价，而且各指标的单位又往往不一致，因此很难客观的评价多指标问题解的相对优劣性。为了解决这个难题，使得在试验过程中能够有比较的基础，众多学者建立了综合评价准则或方法，如功效系数法、约束法等，把多指标决策问题转化为单指标决策问题，等等。According to the number of indicators to evaluate the test results, the test can be divided into single-index test and multi-index test. Generally speaking, many process optimization problems in scientific research and engineering implementation are mostly multi-index optimization problems, and ultrafine grinding of minerals is one of them. one. However, in the multi-index optimization problem, the indicators interpenetrate and restrict each other through each indicator. The optimization of one indicator is at the cost of deteriorating other indicators, and the units of each indicator are often inconsistent, so it is difficult to objectively evaluate the multi-index problem. Relative strengths and weaknesses of solutions. In order to solve this problem and make a basis for comparison in the test process, many scholars have established comprehensive evaluation criteria or methods, such as the efficacy coefficient method, constraint method, etc., to transform the multi-index decision-making problem into a single-index decision-making problem, and so on.
模糊评价通过精确的数字手段处理模糊的评价对象，能对蕴藏信息呈现模糊性的资料作出比较科学、合理、贴近实际的量化评价。评价结果是一个向量，而不是一个点值，包含的信息比较丰富，既可以比较准确的刻画被评价对象，又可以进一步加工，得到参考信息。Fuzzy evaluation processes fuzzy evaluation objects through precise digital means, and can make a more scientific, reasonable, and realistic quantitative evaluation of data that contains fuzzy information. The evaluation result is a vector rather than a point value, which contains rich information, which can not only describe the evaluated object more accurately, but also can be further processed to obtain reference information.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明在超细粉碎领域运用了模糊数学相关知识，建立了一种基于层次分析法的模糊综合评价体系，将多指标综合为单个指标，以便评价某一产品质量的优劣。The present invention uses relevant knowledge of fuzzy mathematics in the field of ultra-fine crushing, establishes a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system based on analytic hierarchy process, and synthesizes multiple indexes into a single index, so as to evaluate the quality of a certain product.
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现。The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions.
一种基于模糊综合评价的超细粉碎产品的评价方法，包括以下步骤：A method for evaluating superfine pulverized products based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, comprising the following steps:
1)、选取超细粉碎过程中若干个评价指标Wn来反应产品综合特性，建立综合评价模型；1), select several evaluation indicators Wn in the superfine pulverization process to reflect the comprehensive characteristics of the product, and establish a comprehensive evaluation model;
2)、确定各指标的权重向量V＝(v1,v2,···,vn)T；2), determine the weight vector V=(v1,v2,...,vn) T of each index;
3)、确定评价集U及各评价指标的值域，评价集U＝{W1,W2,···,Wn}；3), determine the evaluation set U and the value range of each evaluation index, evaluation set U={W1, W2,...,Wn};
4)、确定各指标的隶属度函数f(x)；4), determine the degree of membership function f(x) of each index;
5)、确定各评价指标的隶属度u；5), determine the degree of membership u of each evaluation index;
6)、确定产品的模糊评价集P；6), determine the fuzzy evaluation set P of the product;
7)、确定产品的综合评价值Z。7) Determine the comprehensive evaluation value Z of the product.
所述步骤1)中，综合评价模型可以是多级综合也可以是一级综合。In the step 1), the comprehensive evaluation model can be multi-level comprehensive or one-level comprehensive.
所述步骤1)中，评价指标包括产品数、质量等需要考量的各方面参数。本实施案例中n＝3，选用合格产品质量为W1、粒度分布分维数为W2和d97为W3，由这三个指标建立如图1所示的一级综合评价模型。In the step 1), the evaluation index includes various parameters that need to be considered, such as product quantity and quality. In this implementation case, n=3, the qualified product quality is W1, the fractal dimension of particle size distribution is W2, and d97 is W3, and a first-level comprehensive evaluation model as shown in Figure 1 is established from these three indicators.
所述步骤2)中，应用层次分析法来确定指标的权重向量。In the step 2), the weight vector of the index is determined by applying the AHP.
所述步骤3)中，评价集中包括产品的多个评价指标。In the step 3), the evaluation set includes multiple evaluation indicators of the product.
所述步骤3)中，根据生产实际及理论推算确定评价指标Wn的值x的值域 [a,b]。In the step 3), the value range [a, b] of the value x of the evaluation index Wn is determined according to actual production and theoretical calculation.
所述步骤4)中，根据超细粉碎过程的特性及各评价指标属性来选取各评价指标的隶属度函数。In the step 4), the membership function of each evaluation index is selected according to the characteristics of the ultrafine pulverization process and the attributes of each evaluation index.
所述步骤4)中，采用k次抛物型隶属度函数：Described step 4) in, adopt k times parabolic membership degree function:
式中，a为评价指标值域的最小值，b为评价指标值域的最大值，k是参数， k>0，f(x)为评价指标的隶属函数。类似地可以给出左半k次抛物型分布及左、右k次抛物型分布。In the formula, a is the minimum value of the value range of the evaluation index, b is the maximum value of the value range of the evaluation index, k is a parameter, k>0, and f(x) is the membership function of the evaluation index. Similarly, the left half of parabolic distribution of degree k and the left and right parabolic distribution of degree k can be given.
所述步骤4)中，隶属度函数的值域为[0,1]。In the step 4), the value range of the membership function is [0,1].
所述步骤5)中，根据各评价指标的值x和其相关的隶属度函数f(x)得到各评价指标的隶属度u＝f(x)。In the step 5), the membership degree u=f(x) of each evaluation index is obtained according to the value x of each evaluation index and its related membership degree function f(x).
所述步骤6)中，产品的模糊评价集是以各指标的隶属度组成的矩阵：In the described step 6), the fuzzy evaluation set of the product is a matrix formed by the degree of membership of each index:
P＝(u1,u2,···,un)P=(u1,u2,...,un)
所述步骤7)中，多指标的综合评价是由个指标的模糊评价集与各指标权重向量的矩阵乘积。In the step 7), the multi-index comprehensive evaluation is the matrix product of the fuzzy evaluation set of each index and the weight vector of each index.
与现有技术相比，本发明应用模糊数学知识构建了模糊综合评价模型，采用层次分析法确定各评价指标的权重向量及采用k次抛物型隶属度函数作为隶属度函数，能够较为全面的反映出超细粉碎产品的综合特性，为工艺优化及后期的处理提供了合理的依据，具体优点如下：Compared with the prior art, the present invention uses fuzzy mathematical knowledge to build a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, uses the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight vector of each evaluation index and uses k-th parabolic membership function as the membership function, which can reflect comprehensively The comprehensive characteristics of ultra-fine pulverized products provide a reasonable basis for process optimization and post-processing. The specific advantages are as follows:
(1)建立的综合评价模型能够综合多指标为单指标，避免了各指标量纲不一致导致的分析比较不便。(1) The comprehensive evaluation model established can synthesize multiple indicators into a single indicator, avoiding the inconvenience of analysis caused by the inconsistency of the dimensions of each indicator.
(2)所选用的评价指标能较为全面的反映产品多方面特性，既反映出产品质方面的特性，又反映出产品量方面的特性。(2) The selected evaluation index can comprehensively reflect the characteristics of the product in many aspects, not only reflecting the characteristics of the product quality, but also reflecting the characteristics of the product quantity.
(3)产品的质量优次判断具有主观性和不确定性，选用层次分析法来确定指标的权重向量更为准确。(3) The judgment of product quality priority is subjective and uncertain, and it is more accurate to use the AHP to determine the weight vector of the index.
(4)采用k次抛物型隶属度函数，符合超细粉碎动力学特性，且公式简单，计算量小。(4) The k-th parabolic membership function is adopted, which conforms to the dynamic characteristics of ultrafine pulverization, and the formula is simple and the calculation amount is small.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明建立的综合评价模型。Fig. 1 is the comprehensive evaluation model established by the present invention.
图2为本发明采用的k次抛物型隶属度函数示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the k-degree parabolic membership degree function adopted in the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案做进一步说明。本实施例以本发明技术方案为前提进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作步骤，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This embodiment is carried out on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operation steps are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
1)、评价指标包括产品数、质量等需要考量的各方面参数，选取超细粉碎过程中若干个评价指标Wn来反应产品综合特性，建立综合评价模型。本实施案例中n＝3，选用合格产品质量为W1、粒度分布分维数为W2和d97为W3，由这三个指标建立如图1所示的一级综合评价模型。1) Evaluation indicators include various parameters that need to be considered such as product quantity and quality. Several evaluation indicators Wn in the ultrafine grinding process are selected to reflect the comprehensive characteristics of the product, and a comprehensive evaluation model is established. In this implementation case, n=3, the qualified product quality is W1, the particle size distribution fractal dimension is W2, and d97 is W3, and a first-level comprehensive evaluation model as shown in Figure 1 is established based on these three indicators.
2)、应用能够将定性分析和定量分析相结合的层次分析法来确定各指标的权重向量V＝(v1,v2,···,vn)T。2) Apply the AHP which can combine qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis to determine the weight vector V=(v1,v2,···,vn) T of each index.
3)、确定评价集U及各评价指标的值域，评价集U＝{W1,W2,···,Wn}，根据生产实际及理论推算确定评价指标Wn的值x的值域[a,b]。3), determine the value range of the evaluation set U and each evaluation index, evaluation set U={W1, W2,...,Wn}, determine the value range of the value x of the evaluation index Wn according to actual production and theoretical calculations [a, b].
4)、根据超细粉碎过程的特性及各评价指标属性来选取各指标的隶属度函数f(x)，本实施案例采用k次抛物型隶属度函数。所述的函数计算公式为4) Select the membership function f(x) of each index according to the characteristics of the ultra-fine pulverization process and the attributes of each evaluation index. This implementation case uses a k-th parabolic membership function. The formula for calculating the function is
式中，a为评价指标值域的最小值，b为评价指标值域的最大值，k是参数， k>0，f(x)为评价指标的隶属函数。类似地可以给出左半k次抛物型分布及左、右k次抛物型分布，隶属度函数的值域为[0,1]。In the formula, a is the minimum value of the value range of the evaluation index, b is the maximum value of the value range of the evaluation index, k is a parameter, k>0, and f(x) is the membership function of the evaluation index. Similarly, the left half parabolic distribution of degree k and the left and right parabolic distributions of degree k can be given, and the value range of the membership function is [0,1].
5)、根据各评价指标的值x和其相关的隶属度函数f(x)得到各评价指标的隶属度u＝f(x)；5), obtain the degree of membership u=f(x) of each evaluation index according to the value x of each evaluation index and its relevant membership degree function f(x);
6)、产品的模糊评价集是以各指标的隶属度组成的矩阵：6) The fuzzy evaluation set of the product is a matrix composed of the membership degrees of each index:
P＝(u1,u2,···,un)P=(u1,u2,...,un)
7)、确定产品的综合评价值Z，多指标的综合评价是由个指标的模糊评价集与各指标权重向量的矩阵乘积。7) Determine the comprehensive evaluation value Z of the product. The comprehensive evaluation of multiple indicators is the matrix product of the fuzzy evaluation set of each indicator and the weight vector of each indicator.
Z＝P1×n·Vn×1＝(u1,u2,···,un)·(v1,v2,···,vn)T Z＝P 1×n ·V n×1 ＝(u1,u2,···,un)·(v1,v2,···,vn) T
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明/发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明/发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明/发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention/invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, but that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention/invention. Accordingly, the embodiments should be regarded in all points of view as exemplary and not restrictive, the scope of the invention/invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the invention/invention be defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing All changes within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are embraced in the present invention. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not each implementation mode only contains an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
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Application publication date: 20180529 |