CN108086008A - 一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108086008A
CN108086008A CN201810096368.0A CN201810096368A CN108086008A CN 108086008 A CN108086008 A CN 108086008A CN 201810096368 A CN201810096368 A CN 201810096368A CN 108086008 A CN108086008 A CN 108086008A
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王鑫
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Fujian xinlongshang Super Fiber Co., Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及高分子材料应用领域，提供一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革及制备方法，所述防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革由自下而上粘结设置的基布、聚氨酯发泡层、功能层、保护层组成，解决了现有沙发合成革长期使用会出现涂层受潮起壳和不耐干湿擦的问题。

Description

一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料应用领域，尤其涉及一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革及其制备方法。
背景技术
沙发是家庭中常用的家具之一，按其用料区分包括皮面沙发、布面沙发、木制沙发、藤制沙发和合成革沙发。相比于其他材质的沙发，合成革沙发的原料来源丰富，生产成本低，产品的性能稳定，已成为中低档沙发中常用的材料，但传统的合成革制造工艺普遍采用溶剂型聚氨酯树脂材料，需要大量使用的有机溶剂如二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、丁酮和甲缩醛等对操作人员的健康和环境保护造成很大的影响，不符合健康、环保的要求，而且使用在沙发革这种耐用品上长期使用会出现涂层受潮起壳和不耐摩擦的问题，因此急需研究一种能防潮、耐干湿擦的沙发合成革，且要求生产操作简单、环保、成本低利于推广。
专利文件CN201510068609公开了一种TPU物理发泡合成革，其至少包括有从上到下相互复合的B发泡层和C基布层，其中：B发泡层为由TPU颗粒、润滑剂、成核剂和色母粒按B发泡层组分重量比混合干燥后，采用流延生产工艺与物理发泡工艺并由配置侧向进气系统的挤出流延设备生产制得，所述的B发泡层组分重量比为：100重量份的TPU颗粒：0.1～0.5重量份的润滑剂：0.3～2重量份的成核剂：1～5重量份的色母粒，发泡密度为0.4～0.8g/cc，硬度为55A～80D，厚度为0.3～2.0mm；其中，采用流延生产工艺与物理发泡工艺并由配置侧向进气系统的挤出流延设备生产具体步骤为先通过流延模头加工，再由挤出机挤出，流延模头与挤出机之间通过静态混合器连接，挤出机混合段螺筒开孔外接可调节流量的达到超临界状态的高压气体，气体压力不低于35MPa，使物料在离开流延模头后直接物理发泡；C基布层由基布经水性PU树脂浸胶处理。该发明采用流延生产工艺与物理发泡(气体微孔发泡)技术相结合生产TPU物理发泡革，解决了现有工艺废水废气排放量大不环保的缺陷，但是TPU材料因为含有羧基、OH基，属于亲水基，在长期使用过程中会存在吸潮导致TPU层起壳的缺陷，而且没有对TPU层进行后段保护整理，沙发革而言会存在日常使用中不耐干湿擦的问题。
发明内容
因此，针对以上内容，本发明提供一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革及其制备方法，解决了现有沙发合成革长期使用会出现涂层受潮起壳和不耐摩擦的问题。
为达到上述目的，本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革，由自下而上粘结设置的基布1、聚氨酯发泡层2、功能层3、保护层4组成；所述基布1选用涤纶与锦纶体积比按3:1-5:1混编的超细纤维布。所述基布1选用涤纶和锦纶体积比按3:1-5:1混编的超细纤维布，具有疏水性，不易受潮。所述聚氨酯发泡层2原料组分为重量比为(1-1.5)：1的白料和黑料混合而成，所述白料组分按重量为多元醇80-90份，催化剂1.0-1.5份，硅油1-1.5份，发泡剂4-8份，阻燃剂3-7份，发泡稳定剂1-2份；所述黑料组分为异氰酸酯；所述功能层3原料组分为TPU弹性颗粒70-80重量份、丙烯酸树脂颗粒10-15重量份、聚偏氟乙烯树脂颗粒5-10重量份、流平剂1-5份；所述保护层4原料组分为消化棉光油，具有成膜柔软手感细腻耐干湿擦性能。
进一步的改进是：所述白料组分中催化剂为四甲基丙二胺，泡沫稳定剂为磺化蓖麻油酸钠，发泡剂为双氰胺，阻燃剂为亚邻酸酯；所述黑料为甲苯二异氰酸酯。
进一步的改进是：所述功能层3中加入10000-20000目电气石粉10-20重量份。
进一步的改进是：所述功能层3膜厚度0.1-0.2mm。
进一步的改进是：所述保护层4膜厚度0.01-0.05mm。
一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革的制备方法：
a、配置聚氨酯发泡层2原材料，组分为重量比为(1-1.5)：1的白料和黑料混合而成，所述白料组分为多元醇80-90重量份，催化剂1.0-1.5重量份，硅油1-1.5重量份，发泡剂4-8重量份，阻燃剂3-7重量份，发泡稳定剂1-2重量份；所述黑料组分为异氰酸酯；将所述白料和黑料混和均匀后刮涂在涤纶和锦纶按体积比3:1-5:1混编的超细纤维布基布1上，在温度120-150℃,压力10-20MPa，接触面保持压力时间1-3s条件下固化，静置4-6h；
b、配置功能层3原料，组分为TPU弹性颗粒70-80重量份、丙烯酸树脂颗粒10-15重量份、聚偏氟乙烯树脂颗粒5-10重量份、流平剂1-5重量份，搅拌均匀并干燥后，共混熔融流延成膜，然后用贴膜机与步骤a所得产品贴合，所述熔融流延温度170-230℃；
c、将步骤b所得产品经过压花设备压制需要的花纹，压力为5-15Mpa，温度80-100℃，接触面保持压力时间1-10S，具体根据所需花纹的大小或深浅调整参数；
d、将步骤c所得产品的上表面喷涂上消化棉光油，形成保护层4，制得成品。
进一步的改进是：所述步骤b中功能层3原料组分中加入10000-20000目电气石粉10-20重量份。
通过采用前述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明无需使用有机溶剂，安全环保，长期使用不会出现涂层受潮起壳，耐干湿擦，易保养。
2、采用的基布材料涤纶和锦纶为疏水材料，功能层中的聚偏氟乙烯树脂为疏水材料，均可以使合成革不吸潮，不易膨胀起壳。
3、功能层采用的TPU弹性好手感好，加入的丙烯酸树脂使功能层具有优良的热压定性性，可以保证合成革的花纹长久使用不会变形。
4、功能层和保护层都具有优良的耐干湿擦性能，且消化棉光油形成的保护层成膜柔软、手感好，可以防止油污渗透，具有优良的防污性，形成对沙发革的多重保护。
5、进一步改进的功能层中加入电气石粉，可以释放负离子和具有远红外功能，使沙发革具有保健功能。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例一的结构示意图；
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施例来详细说明本发明的实施方式，借此对本发明如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题，并达成技术效果的实现过程能充分理解并据以实施。
若未特别指明，实施例中所采用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段，所采用的试剂和产品也均为可商业获得的。所用试剂的来源、商品名以及有必要列出其组成成分者，均在首次出现时标明。
本发明的实施例一为：
参考图1，一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革，由自下而上的底层的基布1、基布1上表面的聚氨酯发泡层2、聚氨酯发泡层2上表面的功能层3、涂饰层上表面的保护层4组成。所述基布1选用涤纶、锦纶按3:1混编的超细纤维布，具有疏水性，不易受潮。所述聚氨酯发泡层2组分为重量比为1：1的白料和黑料混合而成，所述白料组分按重量为多元醇80份，四甲基丙二胺1.5份，硅油1.5份，双氰胺8份，亚邻酸酯7份，磺化蓖麻油酸钠2份；黑料为异氰酸酯100份；所述功能层3厚度0.2mm，原料按重量组分为TPU弹性颗粒70份、丙烯酸树脂颗粒15份、聚偏氟乙烯树脂颗粒10份，丙烯酸流平剂5份；所述保护层4为消化棉光油层，厚度0.01mm。所述TPU和丙烯酸提供压花定性性、耐干湿擦性，所述聚偏氟乙烯提供疏水性和耐干湿擦性，所述消化棉光油具有成膜柔软手感细腻耐干湿擦性能，且可防止油污渗透。
一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革的制备方法：
a、配制白料与黑料，白料为多元醇80份，四甲基丙二胺1.5份，硅油1.5份，双氰胺8份，亚邻酸酯7份，磺化蓖麻油酸钠2份；黑料为异氰酸酯100份；将黑料与白料那1：1比例混匀后刮涂在涤纶、锦纶按3:1混编的超细纤维布基布1上，在温度150℃、压力10MPa条件下压板1s固化，静置4h得到聚氨酯发泡基布1；
b、将原料组分TPU弹性颗粒70份、丙烯酸树脂颗粒15份、聚偏氟乙烯树脂颗粒10份，丙烯酸流平剂5份混合均匀并干燥，加入挤出流延机流延成膜，所述挤出流延机熔融区温度为：一区170℃，二区180℃，三区190℃，四区200℃，五区210℃，六区220℃，挤出膜头210℃，冷却，用贴膜机与步骤a所得产品在温度120℃、压力10Mpa条件下贴合；
c、将步骤b所得产品经过压花设备压制需要的花纹，压力为15Mpa，温度100℃，接触面保持压力时间1S；
d、将步骤c所得产品的上表面喷涂上消化棉光油，形成保护层4，制得成品。
本发明的实施例二为：
一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革，由自下而上的底层的基布1、基布1上表面的聚氨酯发泡层2、聚氨酯发泡层2上表面的功能层3、涂饰层上表面的保护层4组成。所述基布1选用涤纶、锦纶按5:1混编的超细纤维布，所述聚氨酯发泡层2组分为重量比为1.5：1的白料和黑料混合而成，所述白料组分按重量为多元醇135份，四甲基丙二胺1.5份，硅油1.5份，双氰胺6份，亚邻酸酯4.5份，磺化蓖麻油酸钠1.5份；黑料为异氰酸酯100份；所述功能层3厚度0.1mm，原料按重量组分为TPU弹性颗粒80份、丙烯酸树脂颗粒10份、聚偏氟乙烯树脂颗粒5份，丙烯酸流平剂5份，规格为10000目的电气石粉10份；所述保护层4为消化棉光油层，厚度0.05mm。
一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革的制备方法：
a、配制白料与黑料，白料组分按重量为多元醇135份，四甲基丙二胺1.5份，硅油1.5份，双氰胺6份，亚邻酸酯4.5份，磺化蓖麻油酸钠1.5份；黑料为异氰酸酯100份；；将黑料与白料混匀后刮涂在涤纶、锦纶按5:1混编的超细纤维布基布1上，在温度120℃、压力20MPa条件下压板3s固化，静置6h得到聚氨酯发泡基布1；
b、将原料组分TPU弹性颗粒80份、丙烯酸树脂颗粒10份、聚偏氟乙烯树脂颗粒5份，丙烯酸流平剂5份，规格为10000目的电气石粉10份混合均匀并干燥，加入挤出流延机流延成膜，所述挤出流延机熔融区温度为：一区180℃，二区190℃，三区200℃，四区210℃，五区220℃，六区230℃，挤出膜头220℃，冷却，用贴膜机与聚氨酯发泡基布1在温度150℃、压力5Mpa条件下贴合；
c、将步骤b所得产品经过压花设备压制需要的花纹，压力为5Mpa，温度80℃，接触面保持压力时间10s；
d、将步骤c所得产品的上表面喷涂上消化棉光油，形成保护层4，制得成品。
本发明的实施例三为：
一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革，由自下而上的底层的基布1、基布1上表面的聚氨酯发泡层2、聚氨酯发泡层2上表面的功能层3、涂饰层上表面的保护层4组成。所述基布1选用涤纶、锦纶按4:1混编的超细纤维布，所述聚氨酯发泡层2组分为重量比为1.2：1的白料和黑料混合而成，所述白料组分按重量为多元醇103.2份，四甲基丙二胺1.2份，硅油1.2份，双氰胺4.8份，亚邻酸酯6份，磺化蓖麻油酸钠2.4份；黑料为异氰酸酯100份；所述功能层3厚度0.1mm，原料按重量组分为TPU弹性颗粒79份、丙烯酸树脂颗粒13份、聚偏氟乙烯树脂颗粒7份，丙烯酸流平剂1份，规格为20000目的电气石粉20份；所述保护层4为消化棉光油层，厚度0.01mm。
一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革的制备方法：
a、配制白料与黑料，白料组分按重量为多元醇103.2份，四甲基丙二胺1.2份，硅油1.2份，双氰胺4.8份，亚邻酸酯6份，磺化蓖麻油酸钠2.4份；黑料为异氰酸酯100份；将黑料与白料混匀后刮涂在涤纶、锦纶按4:1混编的超细纤维布基布1上，在温度130℃、压力150MPa条件下压板2s固化，静置5h得到聚氨酯发泡基布1；
b、将原料组分TPU弹性颗粒79份、丙烯酸树脂颗粒13份、聚偏氟乙烯树脂颗粒7份，丙烯酸流平剂1份，规格为20000目的电气石粉20份混合均匀并干燥，加入挤出流延机流延成膜，所述挤出流延机熔融区温度为：一区180℃，二区190℃，三区200℃，四区210℃，五区220℃，六区230℃，挤出膜头220℃，冷却，用贴膜机与步骤a所得产品在温度130℃、压力10Mpa条件下贴合；
c、将步骤b所得产品经过压花设备压制需要的花纹，压力为10Mpa，温度80℃，接触面保持压力时间5s；
d、将步骤c所得产品的上表面喷涂上消化棉光油，形成保护层4，制得成品。
以上所记载，仅为利用本创作技术内容的实施例，任何熟悉本项技艺者运用本创作所做的修饰、变化，皆属本创作主张的专利范围，而不限于实施例所揭示者。

Claims (7)

1.一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革，由自下而上粘结设置的基布(1)、聚氨酯发泡层(2)、功能层(3)、保护层(4)组成；所述基布(1)选用涤纶与锦纶体积比按3:1-5:1混编的超细纤维布；所述聚氨酯发泡层(2)原材料组分为重量比为(1-1.5)：1的白料和黑料混合而成，所述白料由以下重量份的各原料组成：多元醇80-90重量份，催化剂1-1.5重量份，硅油1-1.5重量份，发泡剂4-8重量份，阻燃剂3-7重量份，发泡稳定剂1-2重量份；所述黑料组分为异氰酸酯；所述功能层(3)由以下重量份的各原料组成：TPU弹性颗粒70-80重量份、丙烯酸树脂颗粒10-15重量份、聚偏氟乙烯树脂颗粒5-10重量份、流平剂1-5重量份；所述保护层(4)的原材料组分为消化棉光油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革，其特征在于：所述白料组分中催化剂为四甲基丙二胺，泡沫稳定剂为磺化蓖麻油酸钠，发泡剂为双氰胺，阻燃剂为亚邻酸酯；所述黑料为甲苯二异氰酸酯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革，其特征在于：所述功能层(3)中还加入10000-20000目电气石粉10-20重量份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革，其特征在于：所述功能层(3)膜厚度0.1-0.2mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革，其特征在于：所述保护层(4)膜厚度为0.01-0.05mm。
6.一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：a、配置聚氨酯发泡层(2)原材料，组分为重量比为(1-1.5)：1的白料和黑料混合而成，所述白料组分为多元醇80-90重量份，催化剂1.0-1.5重量份，硅油1-1.5重量份，发泡剂4-8重量份，阻燃剂3-7重量份，发泡稳定剂1-2重量份；所述黑料组分为异氰酸酯；将所述白料和黑料混和均匀后刮涂在涤纶和锦纶体积比按3:1-5:1混编的超细纤维基布(1)上，在温度120-150℃,压力10-20MPa，接触面保持压力时间1-3s条件下固化，静置4-6h；
b、制功能层(3)原料，组分为TPU弹性颗粒70-80重量份、丙烯酸树脂颗粒10-15重量份、聚偏氟乙烯树脂颗粒5-10重量份、流平剂1-5重量份，搅拌均匀并干燥后，共混熔融流延成膜，然后用贴膜机与步骤a所得产品贴合，所述熔融流延温度170-230℃；
c、将步骤b所得产品经过压花设备压制需要的花纹，压力为5-15Mpa，温度80-100℃，接触面保持压力时间1-10s，具体根据所需花纹的大小或深浅调整参数；
d、将步骤c所得产品上表面喷涂上消化棉光油，形成保护层(4)，制得成品。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种防潮耐干湿擦沙发合成革的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤b中功能层(3)原料组分中加入10000-20000目电气石粉10-20重量份。
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