CN108084471A - 一种感温变色温室膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种感温变色温室膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108084471A
CN108084471A CN201711250147.6A CN201711250147A CN108084471A CN 108084471 A CN108084471 A CN 108084471A CN 201711250147 A CN201711250147 A CN 201711250147A CN 108084471 A CN108084471 A CN 108084471A
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heat discoloration
film
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武庆东
郭锋
邵月华
朱红举
陈晓俊
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LIAOCHENG HUASU INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种感温变色温室膜包括聚烯烃薄膜本体和在聚烯烃薄膜本体表面的感温变色涂层，感温变色涂层由感温变色溶液喷涂而成，所述感温变色溶液由以下重量份的原料混合而成，丙烯酸乳液5份，95％乙醇60份，感温变色材料5‑10份，添加剂2‑5份，在用水将上述原料配足100份，所述添加剂为偶联复配剂、抗氧化剂、光接枝助剂和抗静电剂中的一种或多种，所述感温变色溶材料为5‑20wt％纳米级钛溶胶、5‑20wt％硅溶胶和5‑20wt％锌溶胶中的一种或多种。感温变色温室膜通过将感温变色溶液均匀喷涂在聚烯烃薄膜表面烘干制作而成。其通过改变颜色有效地滤掉光线，调节温室膜内的温度。

Description

一种感温变色温室膜及其制备方法
技术领域：
本发明属于材料制备技术领域，具体涉及一种可调节室内温度的温室膜及其制备方法，通过在普通温室膜表面涂覆感温变色溶液，当温度过高时温室膜颜色加深，阻碍强光进入温室，达到降温的目的。
背景技术：
聚烯烃薄膜用于制作塑料大棚和温室，为作物提供一个良好的温度、湿度及光质量的小气候环境，从而提高作物的产量和质量，如为蔬菜提供最佳生长温度——15-30℃。但一般温室膜只适合于北方保温，没有降温的作用，过高的温度同样会影响作物的产量和品质。
发明内容：
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的不足，寻求一种感温变色温室膜及其制备方法，解决了现有温室膜材料只能保温作用，无法降低温室内温度的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明一种感温变色温室膜，包括聚烯烃薄膜本体和在聚烯烃薄膜本体表面的感温变色涂层，感温变色涂层由感温变色溶液喷涂而成，所述感温变色溶液由以下重量份的原料混合而成，丙烯酸乳液5份，95％乙醇60份，感温变色材料5-10份，添加剂2-5份，在用水将上述原料配足100份，所述添加剂为偶联复配剂、抗氧化剂、光接枝助剂和抗静电剂中的一种或多种，所述感温变色溶材料为5-20wt％纳米级钛溶胶、5-20wt％硅溶胶和5-20wt％锌溶胶中的一种或多种，其中纳米颗粒的粒径≤20nM，胶体固含量≤30％。
进一步地，所述感温变色涂层能够在特定的温度变色，进而滤掉相应的能量，例如，在30℃变为蓝青色，进而滤波长760-597nm的红橙光和波长为0.7-2.5um的近红外线。
进一步地，感温变色涂层厚度为30-500nm，优选为300nm。
进一步地，所述的聚烯烃薄膜是指用LDPE、LLDPE、EVA或mLLDPE等材料制作的薄膜。
一种光温调控温室膜的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)称取各重量份的原料，将感温变色材料和添加剂在丙烯酸乳液中有效地分散，然后依次加入95％乙醇和水，搅拌均匀，得到感温变色溶液；
(2)将感温变色溶液均匀喷涂在聚烯烃薄膜表面；
(3)然后在≥90℃下烘干，得到感温变色温室膜。
进一步地，为了提高烘干效果，保证涂层的均匀性，步骤(3)采用红外烘干器烘干。
进一步地，步骤(2)中，在聚烯烃吹塑薄膜生产过程中，将感温变色溶液喷入膜泡内，在向上牵引的过程中，形成的直射雾滴直接附在膜泡表面，飘散雾滴填补直射雾滴在膜泡表面形成的空白，完成喷涂。
进一步地，步骤(2)中，将聚乙烯薄膜置放到被动辊上，采用展开装置将聚烯烃薄膜展开，放进液体槽进行双面浸泡处理完成涂敷。
本发明所述的感温变色温室膜作为农作物棚膜，水产养殖及禽类养殖温室用膜使用。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：通过在膜表面喷涂感温变色材料，清晨温度低时良好的透光率会迅速升高温室内温度，而到温度偏高的时候，感温变色材料使温室膜颜色会加深，阻碍强光进入温室，达到降温目的，为作物提供适宜的生长温度；此外，感温变色材料通过光催化作用增加温室内的杀菌除臭作用；另外，在吹塑薄膜生产过程中，将感温变色溶液喷入膜泡内，能够形成均匀的喷涂层。
具体实施方式：
下面结合实施例，对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1：
实施例1：用65/90/65三层吹塑农膜机组生产7米宽0.08mm厚，内层喷涂涂层较薄(感温变色涂层厚度是200nm左右)的养殖用棚膜100㎡：
(1)将2g偶联复配剂，10％wt纳米级二氧化钛溶胶5g在5g丙烯酸乳液中有效地分散，然后加入28g水和60g95％乙醇，搅拌20min，得到混合均匀的感温变色溶液，将感温变色溶液注入不锈钢桶中储存备用；
(2)高压泵经过精密计量将感温变色溶液注入高压旋转喷雾装置旋转分流器中，经过高压旋转喷雾装置高压无气喷头在膜泡内喷雾，形成的直射雾滴直接附在上升的膜泡表面，飘散雾滴在膜泡向上牵引过程中填补了直射雾滴在膜泡上的留出的空白；
(3)在90℃温度下，水蒸汽从膜泡表面分离，经薄膜挤出机组二次牵引即成为成品。这种膜由于二氧化钛含量较低，适合于正常养殖用。
实施例2：
用150吹塑机组生产8米宽0.08mm厚，内层喷涂涂层较厚(感温变色涂层厚度是450nm)的棚膜100㎡：
(1)将5g偶联复配剂和质量分数20wt％纳米级二氧化锌溶胶10g和5g丙烯酸乳液有效地混合，然后加入20g水和60g95％乙醇，搅拌20min，得到混合均匀的感温变色溶液，将感温变色溶液注入不锈钢桶中储存备用；
(2)采用普通泵将经过精密计量的感温变色溶液注入旋转分流器，同时用可控风量的空气压缩机将气体输送进旋转分流器，在旋转分流器内感温变色溶液和气体混合，然后由气液喷嘴喷入膜泡内，形成的直射雾滴直接附在上升的膜泡表面，飘散雾滴在膜泡向上牵引过程中填补了直射雾滴在膜泡上留出的空白；
(3)在100℃温度下，水蒸汽从膜泡表面分离，加大改排风系统风量排出室外，经薄膜挤出机组二次牵引即成为成品。这种薄膜二氧化钛含量较高，杀菌除臭效果也较大，适用于禽类养殖，特别是疫情较重，大棚比较封闭的情况下使用。
实施例3：
用已经生产好的单卷聚乙烯薄膜，外层浸涂除静电涂层，制备高清洁表面光效杀菌养殖专用大棚膜100㎡：
(1)将3g抗静电剂(B215)，15％wt纳米级二氧化硅溶胶10g与5g丙烯酸乳液混合均匀，然后加入32g水和60g95％乙醇，搅拌20min，得到混合均匀的感温变色溶液，将感温变色溶液注入不锈钢桶中储存备用；
(2)将内层已经作喷涂处理的聚乙烯薄膜置放到被动辊上，采用展开装置将聚烯烃薄膜放进液体槽进行双面浸泡处理，使之生成自组装的表面；
(3)然后通过引导辊将薄膜引入烘干机，通过收卷或折叠装置制成成品。这种薄膜由于加入抗静电剂和纳米级二氧化硅，表面光洁度和使用中的清洁度大幅度提高，由于二氧化硅对红外线的折射，还能提高棚内夜间温度，制备的温室膜可用于农作物大棚膜。

Claims (9)

1.一种感温变色温室膜，其特征在于，包括聚烯烃薄膜本体和在聚烯烃薄膜本体表面的感温变色涂层，感温变色涂层由感温变色溶液喷涂而成，所述感温变色溶液由以下重量份的原料混合而成，丙烯酸乳液5份，95％乙醇60份，感温变色材料5-10份，添加剂2-5份，再用水将上述原料配足100份，所述添加剂为偶联复配剂、抗氧化剂、光接枝助剂和抗静电剂中的一种或多种，所述感温变色溶材料为5-20wt％纳米级钛溶胶、5-20wt％硅溶胶和5-20wt％锌溶胶中的一种或多种，其中纳米颗粒的粒径≤20nM，胶体固含量≤30％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的感温变色温室膜，其特征在于，感温变色涂层厚度为30-500nm。
3.根据权利要求2所述的感温变色温室膜，其特征在于，感温变色涂层厚度为300nm。
4.根据权利要求3所述的感温变色温室膜，其特征在于，所述的聚烯烃薄膜是指用LDPE、LLDPE、EVA或mLLDPE制作的薄膜。
5.一种权利要求4所述感温变色温室膜的制备方法，其特征在于，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)称取各重量份的原料，将感温变色材料和添加剂在丙烯酸乳液中有效地分散，然后依次加入95％乙醇和水，搅拌均匀，得到感温变色溶液；
(2)将感温变色溶液均匀喷涂在聚烯烃薄膜表面；
(3)然后在≥90℃下烘干，得到感温变色温室膜。
6.一种权利要求4所述感温变色温室膜的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)采用红外烘干器烘干。
7.根据权利要求6所述感温变色温室膜的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，在聚烯烃吹塑薄膜生产过程中，将感温变色溶液喷入膜泡内，在向上牵引的过程中，形成的直射雾滴直接附在膜泡表面，飘散雾滴填补直射雾滴在膜泡表面形成的空白，完成喷涂。
8.根据权利要求7所述感温变色温室膜的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，将聚乙烯薄膜置放到被动辊上，采用展开装置将聚烯烃薄膜展开，放进液体槽进行双面浸泡处理完成涂敷。
9.根据权利要求4所述的感温变色温室膜，其特征在于，感温变色温室膜作为农作物棚膜，水产养殖及禽类养殖温室用膜使用。
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