CN108082409B - Dynamic positioning type floating production and oil storage facility with well repairing function - Google Patents
Dynamic positioning type floating production and oil storage facility with well repairing function Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/448—Floating hydrocarbon production vessels, e.g. Floating Production Storage and Offloading vessels [FPSO]
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ships and ocean engineering, and discloses a dynamic positioning type floating oil storage facility with a well repairing function, which is not provided with a single-point or multi-point mooring system, so that the project initial investment is greatly reduced, and the project period is shortened. Firstly, by optimizing molded lines and arrangement, good wave resistance and resistance (fluid and wind) performance are obtained; secondly, controlling the oil consumption during power positioning by optimizing the design of a power system and the allocation strategy of a propeller; thirdly, selecting a wellhead manifold connection scheme with a fixed heading or a weathervaning effect according to the environmental characteristics of the sea area; fourthly, by adding the well repairing function, the whole production cost of the oil field is reduced, thereby obtaining a new ship shape suitable for deep water marginal oil field development or offshore oil field trial production operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ships and ocean engineering, and particularly relates to a floating type oil storage facility.
Background
The floating type oil storage Facility (FPSO) is a main device for ocean oil and gas development, and integrates the functions of production, storage and oil discharge. The conventional FPSO has larger tonnage and high integral configuration, is not suitable for small or marginal oil fields, has no propulsion system, and adopts a single-point mooring mode 1 or a multipoint mooring mode 2 to be positioned in a certain sea area for a long time. The conventional FPSO needs tugboat to assist in tugboat towing to a target sea area, and can be installed on the sea with the assistance of an engineering ship, so that the process is complex, and a plurality of resources are required to be coordinated. The single point mooring 1 technology is monopolized by a few international companies, has high purchase cost, long supply period, more uncontrollable factors of maintenance and transformation and high offshore installation cost. In the multipoint mooring 2 technology, mooring ropes can be supplied from home, but key components such as a mooring rope connecting piece, a mooring rope guide, a chain stopper and the like are still immature in home technology, and still need import, so that the purchasing cost and the offshore installation cost are relatively high. The investment costs associated with a single point mooring 1 system can be up to about one third of the overall FPSO project. For shallow water deep marginal oil field development with smaller reserves, lower yield and shorter production years, a self-elevating platform can be adopted, and for marginal oil field development with water depth of more than 100 meters or for trial production operation in the earlier stage of deep water oil field development, the FPSO positioned by the traditional single-point mooring 1 or multi-point mooring 2 has high investment cost, long deployment period and poor economic benefit. The oil field wellhead needs to be maintained for 1-3 years generally, and normally, a rented drilling ship is positioned above the wellhead to carry out well repair operation, even FPSO displacement is needed, oil field production is affected, the renting period of the drilling ship is difficult to master, and well repair cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a dynamic positioning type floating oil storage facility with a well repairing function, which is not provided with a single-point or multi-point mooring system, adopts a dynamic positioning system to perform self-positioning, saves the costs related to the mooring system and installation or tie-back, and reduces the engineering investment of the facility; the self-propulsion system has self-propulsion capability, does not have a complex anchoring system, is convenient to shift and is easy to convert and deploy on different oil fields; the operation water depth is not limited, and the application range is wide; the simple well repairing module is arranged, so that well repairing can be performed without stopping production, and well repairing operation cost is reduced; the modularized process production module is equipped, and the modularized process production module can be flexibly adjusted according to the production requirements of different oil fields.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a have dynamic positioning formula floating production oil storage facility of workover function concurrently, includes the boat-shaped body, boat-shaped body has double-deck shell (3) and double-deck bottom plate (4), the boat-shaped body adopts streamlined upright bow (29), the bow of boat-shaped body sets up life building (22) and helicopter platform (221), life building (22) top sets up the driver's cabin, helicopter platform (221) are installed at life building (22) top and are stretched out the bow; a cabin (6) is arranged at the position, close to the cargo oil area, of the stern of the ship-shaped floating body, and six main generator sets (7) are arranged below a main deck in the cabin (6); the stern of the ship-shaped floating body is provided with a flare tower (15), and the flare tower (15) is positioned on the side far away from the air inlet of the engine room (6);
the dynamic positioning type floating type oil production and storage facility is provided with a DP2 dynamic positioning system or a DP3 dynamic positioning system; six propellers (5) are arranged on the ship-shaped floating body, namely a number 1 propeller (5), a number 2 propeller (5), a number 3 propeller (5), a number 4 propeller (5), a number 5 propeller (5) and a number 6 propeller (5), wherein the number 1 propeller (5) and the number 2 propeller (5) are arranged at the bow of the ship-shaped floating body, the number 5 propeller (5) and the number 6 propeller (5) are arranged at the stern of the ship-shaped floating body, the number 5 propellers (5) and the number 6 propellers (5) are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side, the number 3 propellers (5) and the number 4 propellers (5) adopt telescopic full-rotation propellers, and the number 3 propellers (5) and the number 4 propellers (5) are respectively arranged at the longitudinal section outside a cargo oil area and close to the bow and the stern in the ship;
the shipside of the ship-shaped floating body is provided with a manifold platform (23), and the manifold platform (23) is used for installing a sea Guan Hai cable from a wellhead;
a moon pool (12) for running a water-stop sleeve or a blowout preventer under water is arranged in the ship of the ship-shaped floating body, and a modularized floating well repairing system (10) is arranged above the moon pool (12).
Wherein, the cargo oil loading capacity of the dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility is below 5 ten thousand tons.
Wherein the nacelle (6) is arranged as one when the dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility is provided with a DP2 dynamic positioning system;
the main switchboard of the main power station of the dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility is provided with three sections of buses, each section of bus is powered by two main generator sets (7) and is distributed to one propeller (5) at the bow and the stern, and the number 3 propeller (5) and the number 4 propeller (5) are connected to the same section of bus;
alternatively, the main switchboard of the main power station of the power positioning type floating type oil storage facility is provided with six sections of buses, and each section of bus is powered by one main generator set (7) and distributed to one propeller (5).
When the DP3 dynamic positioning system is configured in the dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility, three cabins (6) are arranged, and the three cabins (6) are connected through an A60 fireproof partition wall (61);
the main distribution board of the main power station of the dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility is provided with three sections of buses, each section of bus is powered by two main generator sets (7) and is distributed to one propeller (5) at the bow and the stern, and the number 3 propeller (5) and the number 4 propeller (5) are connected to the same section of bus.
When the sea condition is good, starting the No. 3 propeller (5) and the No. 4 propeller (5), wherein one of the No. 3 propeller (5) and the No. 4 propeller (5) is mainly pushed, and the other one is in a low-load operation or hot standby state;
when the sea condition is severe, starting two propellers (5) at the bow and the stern respectively, wherein two to three of the four propellers (5) are mainly pushed, and one to two propellers are in a low-load operation or hot standby state;
when the extreme sea conditions are met, six propellers (5) are started, four to five propellers (5) are mainly pushed, and one to two propellers are in a low-load operation or hot standby state.
Wherein the sea cable comprises at least one of a riser (241), a cable (242) and an umbilical (243).
The manifold platform (23) is fixedly connected with the ship-shaped floating body in a head-to-head mode, and the sea Guan Hai cable is fixed to the manifold platform (23) through a quick connection and disconnection device.
The manifold platform (23) adopts rotary type, be provided with capstan head mechanism (27) and sliding ring (28) on manifold platform (23), sea Guan Hai cable is installed in flotation pontoon (26), flotation pontoon (26) are fixed in through quick connect tripping device manifold platform (23).
Wherein the modular floating well servicing system (10) enables self-installation of well servicing equipment by the large crane (14) disposed on the boat-shaped float.
The power distribution and transformation system (19) is arranged on a main deck at the top of the cabin (6), and the central control system (16), the emergency power generation system (17) and the uninterrupted power source (18) are arranged on a process deck at the top of the cabin (6).
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the dynamic positioning type floating oil storage facility with the well repairing function is not provided with a single-point or multi-point mooring system, and a dynamic positioning system is adopted, so that project investment is reduced, and project period is shortened; by optimizing the molded lines and the arrangement, good wave resistance and resistance (fluid and wind) performance are obtained; controlling the oil consumption during power positioning by optimizing the design of a power system and the allocation strategy of a propeller; according to the environmental characteristics of the sea area, a wellhead manifold connection scheme with a fixed heading or a weathervaning effect is selected; by adding the well repairing function, the well repairing can be carried out without stopping production, and the whole production cost of the oil field is reduced, so that a new ship suitable for deep water marginal oil field development or offshore oil field trial production operation is obtained.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a side view of a conventional FPSO vessel with single point mooring and multiple point mooring,
figure 2 is a side view of a ship-type of a dynamically positioned floating production and storage facility in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention,
figure 3 is a top plan view of the deck of a dynamically positioned floating production and storage facility in an embodiment of the present invention,
figure 4 is an in-cabin layout of a dynamically positioned floating production and storage facility in an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 5 is a nacelle layout of a dynamically positioned floating production and storage facility in an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-single point mooring, 2-multipoint mooring, 3-double shell, 4-double floor, 5-propeller, 6-cabin, 61-A60 fire bulkhead, 7-main generator set, 8-heat station, 9-inert gas system, 10-modular floating workover system, 11-modular ROV operation area, 12-moon pool, 13-process handling system, 14-large crane, 15-flare tower, 16-central control system, 17-emergency power generation system, 18-uninterruptible power supply, 19-distribution transformation system, 20-export system, 21-reserve, 22-living building, 221-helicopter platform, 23-manifold platform, 241-riser, 242-cable, 243-umbilical, 25-quick connect disconnect, 26-buoy, 27-turret mechanism, 28-slip ring (set), 29-streamlined upright bow.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the nature, features, and effects of the present invention, the following examples are set forth to illustrate, and are to be considered in connection with the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the conventional FPSO positioning system is single point mooring 1 or multipoint mooring 2, the single point mooring 1 is monopoly equipment, the cost is high, and the purchase cost and the offshore installation cost of the multipoint mooring 2 are relatively high.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the invention provides a dynamic positioning type floating production and storage facility with a well repairing function, which is not provided with a single-point mooring system 1 or a multi-point mooring system 2 any more, can perform trial production, extension test and production and development operations of an oil field, does not need towing assistance navigation, can self-navigate to a target sea area, does not need engineering ship assistance during installation or riser tieback, can self-position by utilizing a propeller 5, and realizes manifold tieback by means of a self-carrying large crane 14.
The invention relates to a dynamic positioning type floating production and oil storage facility, which belongs to a small FPSO, and has smaller tonnage and less than 5 ten thousand tons of cargo oil loading capacity. Therefore, the equipment has low overall configuration, the scale and tonnage are more suitable for marginal oil fields or small oil fields, and the investment advantage is more obvious.
The ship-shaped floating body of the dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility adopts the structure form of the double-layer shell 3 and the double-layer bottom plate 4, the double-layer shell 3 can prevent oil spilling pollution caused by side collision, and the ship is also beneficial to the total longitudinal strength of the ship; the double-layer bottom plate 4 can prevent the bottom from being stained due to stranding, is beneficial to improving the total longitudinal strength and is convenient for the cabin cleaning operation. Meanwhile, a ship-shaped floating body of the dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility adopts a streamline vertical bow 29, the streamline vertical bow 29 refers to the forward movement of a ship head column, the side profile of a ship head profile is vertical, and the cross section of the ship head is still provided with a streamline characteristic. The streamlined upright bow 29 can ensure that parameter roll caused by wave slamming does not occur under the low navigational speed of the dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility, the wave resistance is good, meanwhile, the waterline length of the streamlined upright bow 29 can be prolonged, the shape resistance is effectively reduced, compared with a conventional ship with a spherical nose, the hydrostatic resistance of the low-speed hypertrophied ship provided with the streamlined upright bow 29 can be reduced by 3% -9%, and the wave resistance can be reduced by 6% -44%.
The dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility is characterized in that a living building 22 and a helicopter platform 221 are arranged at the bow, a cab is arranged at the top of the living building 22, and the helicopter platform 221 is welded at the top of the living building 22 through a truss and extends out of the bow, so that the process treatment system 13 is furthest away from the process treatment system. The living building 22 and the helicopter platform 221 arranged at the bow are arranged at the upper tuyere, and are far away from the process treatment area, so that the influence of dangerous gas and combustible gas is reduced, the safe lifting of the helicopter is facilitated, and the cab is arranged at the top of the living building 22, so that the sailing and dynamic positioning operation of the FPSO are facilitated. The power positioning type floating oil storage facility sets the engine room 6 at the position of the stern close to the oil cargo area, thereby being beneficial to reducing the noise of the living building 22, improving the comfort level of the crew and being beneficial to the trim balance of the ship. The dynamically positioned floating production and storage facility places the flare stack 15 aft and on the side of the side remote from the air intake of the nacelle 6. The stern-arranged flare stack 15 is in a downwind direction, reduces the source of hazardous gases on the FPSO, is disposed on the side of the ship away from the air intake of the nacelle 6, reduces heat radiation, and facilitates the temperature control of the air intake of the nacelle 6.
Six main generator sets 7 are arranged below the main deck in the engine room 6 and are used for providing power for a seabed wellhead, hull equipment, process equipment and a dynamic positioning system. The main power station of the traditional FPSO is positioned on the process deck, and the main power station of the FPSO is arranged below the main deck in the hull cabin 6, so that the lateral windward area of the whole ship is reduced, and the wind load is reduced; secondly, the gravity center height of the whole ship is reduced, and the gravity center height is calculated by the formulaKnowing (+)>For boatsA vessel roll period; b is the width of the ship; z g The gravity center height of the whole ship; GM is the initial stability of the ship, is the height of the center of gravity from the center of stability), when the center of gravity is lowered, in order not to reduce the rolling period by transition, the ship width needs to be moderately increased to maintain the good wave resistance of the ship, and the deck area of the ship is increased, so that the arrangement space is increased; thirdly, the area of the process deck is eliminated, and the reserved area 21 is increased, so that the scheme has more transformation potential, such as reserving a water injection module.
The dynamic positioning type floating production and oil storage facility is provided with a DP2 dynamic positioning system or a DP3 dynamic positioning system, auxiliary equipment and systems of the dynamic positioning system are non-monopoly, the initial investment is low, and the dynamic positioning type floating production and oil storage facility is beneficial to trial production, prolonged test or short-term production of oil fields.
The power positioning type floating oil storage facility is provided with six propellers 5, namely a number 1 propeller 5, a number 2 propeller 5, a number 3 propeller 5, a number 4 propeller 5, a number 5 propeller 5 and a number 6 propeller 5, wherein the number 1 propeller 5 and the number 2 propeller 5 are arranged at the bow of a ship, and the number 1 propeller 5 and the number 2 propeller 5 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides under the condition of space permission; the No. 5 propeller 5 and the No. 6 propeller 5 are arranged at the stern and are used as power positioning and self-propulsion propellers, the No. 5 propeller 5 and the No. 6 propeller 5 are symmetrically arranged on the port and starboard, and the symmetrically arranged propellers 5 can play a role in mutual standby; wherein at least the number 3 propeller 5 and the number 4 propeller 5 adopt telescopic full-rotation propellers, and the number 3 propeller 5 and the number 4 propeller 5 are respectively arranged near the bow and the stern in the ship on the middle longitudinal section outside the cargo oil area. The propellers 5 arranged at the bow and the stern are far away as far as possible, and can provide the turning moment to the greatest extent so as to optimize the power of the propellers 5. Because the action center of the environmental load is near the middle part of the ship body, the No. 3 propeller 5 and the No. 4 propeller 5 are arranged at the position, outside the cargo oil area, of the bow and the stern, which is close to the middle part, of the ship, the method is beneficial to starting only 1 or 2 propellers 5 to resist external force or external moment in the oil saving mode, and the adverse effect caused by the asymmetric moment of a port and starboard can be eliminated by arranging the ship in a middle longitudinal section, meanwhile, the telescopic full-rotation propeller has the functions of a propeller and a rudder, the rudder angle can reach +/-180 degrees, the thrust action direction of the propeller can be output in the range of 360 degrees, and the positioning effect is strong. The number 3 propeller 5 and the number 4 propeller 5 are positioned on the flat bottom section, the propeller (5) is not allowed to extend out of the flat bottom section in navigation or dock repair, and the telescopic full-rotation propeller can retract into the hull in navigation or dock repair and has higher propulsion efficiency in positioning.
When the power positioning type floating type oil storage facility is provided with the DP2 power positioning system, only a single device is redundant in configuration, the nacelle 6 is not required to be divided, one nacelle 6 is economical and practical, and six main generator sets 7 are arranged in the nacelle 6. The main switchboard of the main power station may be arranged as three sections of busbars, each section of busbar being supplied by two main generator sets 7 and being assigned to one respective propeller 5 at the bow and stern of the ship, wherein the propeller No. 3 5 and the propeller No. 45 are connected to the same section of busbar. Two main generator sets 7 feed a section of bus and two propellers 5, the maximum failure form being a single loss of two propellers 5. The main switchboard of the main power station can also be provided as six-section bus bars, each of which is supplied by a main generator set 7 and is assigned to a propeller 5. A main generator set 7 feeds a section of bus and a propeller 5, the maximum failure being in the form of a single loss of one propeller 5. Wherein, three sections of buses are more economical, and six sections of buses are more flexible and reliable in operation and energy-saving.
When the DP3 dynamic positioning system is configured in the dynamic positioning type floating type oil production and storage facility, three cabins 6 are arranged, and the three cabins 6 are connected through an A60 fireproof partition wall 61 to form a sub-cabin and a fireproof partition. The main switchboard of the main power station is arranged as three sections of buses, each section of bus is supplied by two main generator sets 7 and is distributed to one propeller 5 at the bow and the stern, wherein the number 3 propeller 5 and the number 4 propeller 5 are connected to the same section of bus. The two propellers 5 are lost in a single failure, so that the fireproof separation can be ensured, and the positioning reliability can be ensured economically (the more the separation of the cabins and the fireproof separation is, the larger the investment is).
When the sea condition is good, starting the No. 3 propeller 5 and the No. 4 propeller 5, wherein one of the No. 3 propeller 5 and the No. 4 propeller 5 is used as a main propeller, and the other one is in a low-load operation or hot standby state; when the sea condition is severe, starting two propellers 5 at the bow and the stern, wherein two to three of the four propellers 5 are mainly pushed, and one to two propellers are in a low-load operation or hot standby state; when the extreme sea conditions are met, six propellers 5 are started, four to five propellers 5 are used as main propellers, and one to two propellers are in a low-load operation or hot standby state. Most of the conditions are good, fewer conditions are bad, and few conditions are extreme conditions, so that the power positioning control system can intelligently give the optimal allocation strategy of the propeller 5 according to the sea conditions, optimize the DP total power consumption to the greatest extent, save oil consumption and reduce the development cost of the oil field.
The topside of the dynamically positioned floating production and storage facility is provided with a manifold platform 23 for installing sea pipe sea cables from the wellhead. The marine vessel sea cable comprises one or more of a riser 241, a cable 242, an umbilical 243 for medium transfer between the FPSO and the wellhead platform or subsea wellhead, wherein the riser 241 is for oil, gas, water transfer, the cable 242 is for electrical power transfer, and the umbilical 243 is for hydraulic, control and chemical agent transfer.
In sea areas with mild environmental conditions, no matter what the head direction the FPSO is, the power consumed by the DP is not great, and the head direction of the FPSO can be fixed along the main environmental direction in the sea area with high orientation, so that the effect of small power consumed by the DP is achieved. The dynamic positioning type floating oil storage facility can rely on a dynamic positioning system to fix the head direction, the manifold platform 23 at the side adopts a fixed head direction, namely, the manifold platform 23 is rigidly connected with the FPSO ship-shaped floating body, the arrangement mode of the sea Guan Hai cables is simple, the arrangement quantity is more, the investment is less, the sea Guan Hai cables are sequentially fixed on the manifold platform 23 at the side by the quick connection and disconnection device 25, and the sea pipe and sea cables can be quickly disconnected in severe sea conditions. In sea areas with severe environmental conditions, the side manifold platform 23 adopts a rotary type, namely, a turret mechanism 27 and a slip ring (group) 28 are arranged on the manifold platform 23, the ship-shaped floating body rotates 360 degrees around the side manifold platform 23 through the turret mechanism 27, and medium transmission is realized through the slip ring (group) 28 by a relatively static sea Guan Hai cable and a dynamic ship-shaped floating body; sea Guan Hai is centrally mounted on pontoons 26, pontoons 26 being secured to manifold platform 23 by quick connect and disconnect 25. Because the FPSO ship-shaped floating body broadside is provided with the manifold platform 23 capable of rotating in all directions, compared with the scheme that a conventional buoy 26 is suspended in the ship-shaped floating body, the bilge can be saved, the strength reduction caused by the opening of the internal structure of the ship-shaped floating body is avoided, meanwhile, the FPSO ship-shaped floating body can rotate 360 degrees, and can return to the direction with the minimum environmental load received by the ship-shaped floating body at the moment through a dynamic positioning system, so that DP type selection configuration and power consumption can be reduced, when the ultimate sea condition is met, the broadside buoy 26 can be rapidly released through a rapid connection release device 25, is suspended in water for 30-40m, and the salvage and the tie-back of the buoy 26 can be realized through the large crane 14 carried by the FPSO ship-shaped floating body.
The power positioning type floating oil production and storage facility is provided with the modularized floating well repairing system 10, so that the well repairing system can work in water depth of 400m or less, and the well repairing depth can reach 3000m. The FPSO boat hull is open with a moon pool 12 in the boat for running a riser or subsea blowout preventer, and the modular floating well servicing system 10 is arranged above the moon pool 12 and enables self-installation of the well servicing equipment by means of the FPSO's own large crane 14. Modular floating workover system 10 may perform at least one of the following functions: the operation of lowering and recovering the underwater blowout preventer stack and the marine riser uses a drill rod or an oil pipe to carry out conventional operations such as pump inspection and the like, lowers/recovers an electric pump production pipe column with a packer and a safety valve to carry out inspection or replacement, salvages well-falling tools and underground production pipe columns, washes out sand setting at the bottom of a well or washes out a well section of a perforation, and mills bridge plugs and drilling cement plugs. The modular floating workover system 10 allows for workover without stopping production during FPSO operations, without having to disengage the FPSO or rent expensive drill ships for workover, achieving the effect of reducing project full lifecycle operation costs.
The following describes the structural form and application effect of the power positioning type floating type oil storage facility with well repairing function according to a design example:
the example aims at a deep water marginal oil field in south China sea, which is used for trial production and production operation of the oil field, and the water depth is about 330 meters, and the total number of the production wells is 5. The total length of the dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility is about 192 meters, the water line length is about 184 meters, the ship width is about 32.2 meters, the profile depth is about 19.2 meters, and the design draft is about 12.8 meters; the boat shape has a double hull 3 and double bottom plate 4 structure with a crude oil loading of about 32000 tons. The main hull is provided with two decks, namely a main deck and a process deck, and in order to prevent the impact of the upper waves on equipment, the process deck is arranged 5 meters above the main deck, the total area is about 3800 square meters, and from head to tail, the main hull is respectively provided with an inert gas system 9, a heat station 8, 2 large 30-ton cranes 14, a modularized ROV operation area 11, a well repair operation area (provided with a modularized floating well repair system 10), a process treatment system 13, a reserved area 21, a unloading area, a central control system 16, an emergency power generation system 17, an uninterruptible power supply 18 and the like. The main deck is provided with a living building 22, a manifold platform 23, a distribution and transformation system 19, a cabin 6, an external transmission system 20, a flare tower 15 and the like from the beginning to the end.
The cab is positioned on the top of the living building 22, the visual field is wide, the operation is convenient, the helicopter platform 221 is positioned on the top of the living building 22 and extends out of the bow for about 8 meters, the process treatment system 13 of the process treatment area is furthest away, and the safe lifting and lowering of the helicopter are also convenient. The main generator set 7 is arranged below a main deck close to the stern, the gravity center height is reduced, the primary stability of the ship is improved by about 0.2 meter, the transverse windward area is reduced by about 150 square meters, the distribution transformation system 19, the central control system 16, the emergency power generation system 17 and the uninterruptible power supply 18 are arranged nearby at the top of the cabin 6, so that the cable length is saved, the cabin 6 is convenient to manage and control, the external transmission system 20 is arranged on the port of the stern and serves as a dangerous source, the flare tower 15 is arranged on the starboard far away from the external transmission system 20 and the air inlet of the cabin 6 and is inclined to the outboard by about 10 degrees, the port of the flare tower 15 is positioned on the outboard by 6 meters, and the influence of the thermal radiation of the flare tower 15 on the stern external transmission system 20 and the cabin 6 is reduced.
The ship has the navigational speed v=10 knots and the Fourier number(g is gravity acceleration, L is captain), belongs to low-speed ship, does not need to design a bulb head to reduce wave-making resistance, is mainly positioned in a fixed sea area to perform oil and gas production operation, does not need navigational speed at ordinary times, and is low in navigational speed at self-voyage, so the ship is designed into a streamline vertical bow 29, the streamline vertical bow 29 solves the problem of rolling caused by wave slamming asymmetry, and improves the wave-making resistance of the shipThe optimization of the bow molded lines below the waterline reduces the ship resistance at low navigational speed and improves the propulsion efficiency.
The DP2 power positioning system is equipped in the example, the towing boat is not needed to assist navigation, the towing boat can automatically navigate to a target operation sea area, engineering boat is not needed to assist in installation or tie-back of the pontoon 26, the propeller 5 can be utilized to automatically position, and the pontoon 26 can be salvaged and tie-back by means of the large crane 14.
The DP system can resist sense wave height of 6.1m when the head angle of +/-30 degrees, when the sustainable marine environment exceeds sense wave height of 6.1m or encounters typhoons, the hydraulic control locking device and the emergency shutoff valve can be used for rapidly cutting off and safely closing the passage of the sea Guan Hai cable within a short time, simultaneously releasing the pontoon 26, realizing rapid release of the FPSO, enabling the FPSO to self-navigate and withdraw from an operation area, enabling the extreme environment or typhoons to self-navigate to a target operation sea area after passing, dynamically positioning by the propeller 5, salvaging the pontoon 26 by the self-carrying large crane 14, realizing self-installation or self-tie, saving engineering cost and flexible and convenient operation.
The ship main power station is provided with 6 5000kW crude oil/diesel oil dual-fuel main power generator sets 7, wherein 2-3000 kW telescopic full-rotation propellers 5 and 1-3000 kW tunnel type lateral propellers 5 are matched at the bow, 2-3000 kW full-rotation propellers 5 and 1-3000 kW telescopic full-rotation propellers 5 are matched at the stern. The main switchboard is divided into three sections, each section of switchboard is powered by 2 main generator sets 7 and feeds one propeller 5 each at the bow and the stern. Under low and medium sea conditions, only the number 3 and 4 retractable full-circle propellers 5 can be started, and the main power station operates in a fuel-saving mode. Taking the combined distribution of stormy waves and currents of a deep water marginal oil field in south China sea as an example, the low sea condition with sense wave height of 1.0 meter, wind speed of 6.0m/s and flow speed of 0.2m/s occupies about 50% of operation time, under the sea condition, 2 telescopic full-rotation propellers 5 are started, the total power consumed by dynamic positioning is only about 1080 kilowatts, and the total power is converted into oil consumption of only about 5 tons/day; the medium sea condition with sense wave height of 1.0-2.0 m, wind speed of 6.0-10.0 m/s and flow speed of 0.2-0.3 m/s occupies about 30% of operation time, the sea condition starts 2 telescopic full-rotation propellers 5, the total power consumed by dynamic positioning is only about 1800 kilowatts, and the total power is converted into oil consumption is only about 9 tons/day; the bad sea condition with sense wave height of 2.0-3.5 m, wind speed of 10.0-14.0 m/s and flow speed of 0.3-0.5 m/s occupies about 15% of operation time, 4 propellers 5 (2 at the bow and the stern respectively) are started under the sea condition, the total power consumed by dynamic positioning is about 3980 kilowatts, and the total power is converted into the oil consumption of about 18.1 tons/day; at 95% of sea conditions, the fuel consumed by the dynamic positioning is only about 8 tons per day on average, with a relatively low duty cycle in FPSO operating costs.
Wherein the maximum liquid treatment capacity of the process treatment system 13 is about 16800 cubic meters per day, the maximum water treatment capacity is about 16000 cubic meters per day, and the maximum oil treatment capacity is about 2500 cubic meters per day, and the output cycle is 15 days. The flow of 5 production wells is collected from the subsea wellhead tree to the central manifold and then transported by 27 "subsea production lines to the FPSO topside manifold platform 23. Electrical, signal, hydraulic, chemical, etc. inputs and outputs to and from the wellhead are by means of the cable 242 or umbilical 243 of the topside manifold platform 23. The top of the manifold platform 23 is provided with a slip ring (group) 28, a vertical pipe 241 is connected with the production slip ring 28, a cable 242 is connected with the electric slip ring 28, a control signal in an umbilical 243 is connected with the optical fiber slip ring 28, hydraulic and chemical agents in the umbilical 243 are connected with the public slip ring 28, and medium transmission between the FPSO and a wellhead is realized through the slip ring 28. Taking south China sea as an example, the method belongs to a severe environment sea area, a manifold platform 23 is arranged on the starboard side of the FPSO near a ship, the FPSO can rotate around the manifold platform 23 in an omnibearing manner through a turret mechanism 27 on the FPSO, the dynamic positioning control precision is set to be +/-5 degrees and +/-3 meters, and when the windward (wave) angle of the FPSO exceeds 5 degrees or deviates from the center of the manifold platform 23 by 3 meters, the dynamic positioning system can enable the FPSO to rotate to the forefront direction with the minimum environmental load at the moment through the optimal distribution strategy of a thrust calculation and a propeller 5.
Because the main power station is arranged below the main deck in the ship-shaped floating body cabin 6, more deck area is left out, and the deck area of about 300 square meters is still available in the embodiment, functions can be flexibly expanded according to the production condition of an oil field, such as adding an associated gas recovery system or a water injection module and the like.
Wherein the well workover system is a modular floating well workover system 10, the hook load is 4500kN, and the derrick height is about 48 meters; the well repair system is of a modularized design, and can be installed and removed by using two large cranes 14 with lifting capacity of 30 tons. Conventional well workover is required to shift the FPSO or rent the operation of a drilling ship, and the FPSO is normally produced and operated when the scheme is used for well workover, so that the working condition of common operation of production and well workover is realized, the functions are diversified, various operation requirements can be met, and the applicability and the competitiveness of equipment are improved.
The foregoing has outlined the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. The invention is not limited by the above embodiments, the above embodiments and the description are only the principles of the invention, and the application embodiments can also have various changes and improvements, such as different target oil field output or adjustment of the output period, and the ship scale can be adjusted as required when the crude oil tank capacity requirement changes, without departing from the basic principles and scope of the invention; or process treatment modules with different treatment capacities are provided; or different sea pipe sea cable numbers and forms are configured; or with a different workover (e.g., dry workover system) system; such variations and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a have dynamic positioning formula floating production oil storage facility of workover function concurrently, includes boat-shaped body, its characterized in that, boat-shaped body has double-deck shell (3) and double-deck bottom plate (4), boat-shaped body adopts streamlined upright bow (29), the bow of boat-shaped body sets up living building (22) and helicopter platform (221), living building (22) top sets up the driver's cabin, helicopter platform (221) are installed at living building (22) top and are stretched out the bow; a cabin (6) is arranged at the position, close to the cargo oil area, of the stern of the ship-shaped floating body, and six main generator sets (7) are arranged below a main deck in the cabin (6); the stern of the ship-shaped floating body is provided with a flare tower (15), and the flare tower (15) is positioned on the side far away from the air inlet of the engine room (6);
the dynamic positioning type floating type oil production and storage facility is provided with a DP2 dynamic positioning system or a DP3 dynamic positioning system; six propellers (5) are arranged on the ship-shaped floating body, namely a number 1 propeller (5), a number 2 propeller (5), a number 3 propeller (5), a number 4 propeller (5), a number 5 propeller (5) and a number 6 propeller (5), wherein the number 1 propeller (5) and the number 2 propeller (5) are arranged at the bow of the ship-shaped floating body, the number 5 propeller (5) and the number 6 propeller (5) are arranged at the stern of the ship-shaped floating body, the number 5 propellers (5) and the number 6 propellers (5) are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side, the number 3 propellers (5) and the number 4 propellers (5) adopt telescopic full-rotation propellers, and the number 3 propellers (5) and the number 4 propellers (5) are respectively arranged at the longitudinal section outside a cargo oil area and close to the bow and the stern in the ship;
the shipside of the ship-shaped floating body is provided with a manifold platform (23), and the manifold platform (23) is used for installing a sea Guan Hai cable from a wellhead;
a moon pool (12) for running a water-stop sleeve or a blowout preventer under water is arranged in the ship of the ship-shaped floating body, and a modularized floating well repairing system (10) is arranged above the moon pool (12);
when the dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility is provided with a DP2 dynamic positioning system, the engine room (6) is arranged as one; the main switchboard of the main power station of the dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility is provided with three sections of buses, each section of bus is powered by two main generator sets (7) and is distributed to one propeller (5) at the bow and the stern, and the number 3 propeller (5) and the number 4 propeller (5) are connected to the same section of bus; or, the main switchboard of the main power station of the dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility is provided with six sections of buses, and each section of bus is powered by one main generator set (7) and distributed to one propeller (5);
when the dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility is provided with a DP3 dynamic positioning system, three cabins (6) are arranged, and the three cabins (6) are connected by an A60 fireproof partition wall (61); the main switchboard of the main power station of the dynamic positioning type floating type oil storage facility is provided with three sections of buses, each section of bus is powered by two main generator sets (7) and is distributed to one propeller (5) at the bow and the stern, and the number 3 propeller (5) and the number 4 propeller (5) are connected to the same section of bus;
the manifold platform (23) is fixedly connected with the ship-shaped floating body in a head-to-head mode, and the sea Guan Hai cable is fixed on the manifold platform (23) through a quick connection and disconnection device;
or, the manifold platform (23) adopts a rotary type, a turret mechanism (27) and a slip ring (28) are arranged on the manifold platform (23), the sea Guan Hai cable is arranged on the pontoon (26), and the pontoon (26) is fixed on the manifold platform (23) through a quick connection and disconnection device;
the modular floating well servicing system (10) enables self-installation of well servicing equipment by means of a large crane (14) disposed on the boat-shaped float.
2. The power-positioning type floating production and storage facility with well repairing function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cargo oil loading capacity of the power-positioning type floating production and storage facility is below 5 ten thousand tons.
3. The power positioning type floating production and oil storage facility with the well repairing function according to claim 1, wherein when the sea condition is good, a No. 3 propeller (5) and a No. 4 propeller (5) are started, one of the No. 3 propeller (5) and the No. 4 propeller (5) is mainly pushed, and the other one is in a low-load operation or hot standby state;
when the sea condition is severe, starting two propellers (5) at the bow and the stern respectively, wherein two to three of the four propellers (5) are mainly pushed, and one to two propellers are in a low-load operation or hot standby state;
when the extreme sea conditions are met, six propellers (5) are started, four to five propellers (5) are mainly pushed, and one to two propellers are in a low-load operation or hot standby state.
4. The power-location-based floating production and storage facility with well servicing function according to claim 1, wherein the sea pipe and sea cable comprises at least one of a riser (241), a cable (242), and an umbilical (243).
5. A power positioning type floating production and storage facility with well repairing function according to claim 1, wherein a distribution transformation system (19) is arranged on a main deck at the top of the cabin (6), and a central control system (16), an emergency power generation system (17) and an uninterruptible power supply (18) are arranged on a process deck at the top of the cabin (6).
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