CN108071754B - 车辆用变速器结构 - Google Patents

车辆用变速器结构 Download PDF

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CN108071754B
CN108071754B CN201710168625.2A CN201710168625A CN108071754B CN 108071754 B CN108071754 B CN 108071754B CN 201710168625 A CN201710168625 A CN 201710168625A CN 108071754 B CN108071754 B CN 108071754B
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gear
input shaft
engine
drive
output shaft
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CN108071754A (zh
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朴钟闰
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Hyundai Motor Co
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Hyundai Motor Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/089—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears all of the meshing gears being supported by a pair of parallel shafts, one being the input shaft and the other the output shaft, there being no countershaft involved
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
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    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with means for synchronisation not incorporated in the clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
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    • F16H—GEARING
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    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • F16H2003/0933—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts with coaxial countershafts
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    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0039—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising three forward speeds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909—Gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/915—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/917—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev with transmission for changing gear ratio
    • Y10S903/919—Stepped shift

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种车辆用变速器结构，包括：第一输入轴，接收发动机动力；第二输入轴，接收电动机动力；输出轴；一挡驱动齿轮，位于第一输入轴上；二挡驱动齿轮，位于第二输入轴上；三挡驱动齿轮，位于第二输入轴上；第一同步单元，将第二输入轴和一挡驱动齿轮中的一个连接至第一输入轴；第二同步单元，将第二输入轴连接至三挡驱动齿轮；一挡从动齿轮和三挡从动齿轮，分别与一挡驱动齿轮和三挡驱动齿轮啮合以形成一挡变速比和三挡变速比；以及二挡从动齿轮，通过单向离合器安装在输出轴上，同时与二挡驱动齿轮啮合以形成二挡变速比。

Description

车辆用变速器结构
技术领域
本发明涉及用于减少部件数量并且提高燃料效率的车辆用变速器结构。
背景技术
本部分中的陈述仅提供与本发明相关的背景信息，并且可能不构成现有技术。
电动车辆可以在由电驱动的电动机产生的扭矩传递至电动车辆的驱动轮时运行。
在常规情况下，由电动机产生的驱动力通过减速器减速以驱动驱动轮。在现有技术中，进行了用于将来自电动机的驱动力有效地传递至驱动轮以增加行驶距离并提高驱动性能的各种研究。
然而，我们已经发现，当为了提高变速器效率而过度应用变速挡(shift gear)时，变速器的重量和体积增加，由此降低车辆的燃料效率。此外，在变速时可能产生扭矩中断。
前述内容仅仅旨在帮助理解本发明的背景，而不意图表示本发明落入本领域技术人员已知的现有技术的范围内。
发明内容
因此，本发明解决了上述问题，并且本发明提供了一种车辆用变速器结构，其构造成包括变速挡，即，发动机的三挡和电动机的两挡，从而减少部件数量和重量并提高燃料效率。
根据本发明的一个方面，可通过提供一种车辆用变速器结构来达成以上和其它目的。变速器结构可包括：第一输入轴，构造成从发动机接收动力；第二输入轴，构造成从电动机接收动力并且与第一输入轴同轴布置；输出轴，与第一输入轴和第二输入轴平行；一挡驱动齿轮，可自由旋转地设置在第一输入轴上；二挡驱动齿轮，设置在第二输入轴上；三挡驱动齿轮，可自由旋转地设置在第二输入轴上；第一同步单元，设置在第一输入轴上以选择性地将第二输入轴和一挡驱动齿轮中的一个连接至第一输入轴；第二同步单元，设置在第二输入轴上以选择性地将第二输入轴连接至三挡驱动齿轮；一挡从动齿轮和三挡从动齿轮，设置在输出轴上，一挡从动齿轮与一挡驱动齿轮啮合以形成一挡变速比，并且三挡从动齿轮与三挡驱动齿轮啮合以形成三挡变速比；以及二挡从动齿轮，通过单向离合器安装在输出轴上，二挡从动齿轮与二挡驱动齿轮啮合以形成二挡变速比。
变速器结构可包括设置在第二输入轴上以选择性地将三挡驱动齿轮连接至第二输入轴的离合器。
变速器结构可包括选择性地连接在发动机与第一输入轴之间的发动机离合器。
单向离合器将来自二挡从动齿轮的动力传递至输出轴。
第一同步单元可包括同步器，并且第二同步单元可包括爪形离合器。
根据本文提供的说明，其它适用领域将变得显而易见。应该理解，该说明和具体示例仅旨在说明的目的，而不意图限制本发明的范围。
附图说明
为了可以很好地理解本发明，现在将参照附图说明以示例的方式给出的各种实施方式，其中：
图1是示出根据本发明的实施方式的车辆用变速器结构的视图；
图2至图4是示出响应于发动机驱动模式期间的变速的车辆用变速器的动力流的视图；
图5和图6是示出响应于EV模式期间的变速的车辆用变速器的动力流的视图；
图7至图10是示出响应于HEV模式期间的变速的车辆用变速器的动力流的视图；并且
图11是示出根据本发明的另一实施方式的车辆用变速器结构的视图。
本文所述的附图仅用于说明的目的，而不旨在以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
以下说明本质上仅是示例性的，而不旨在限制本发明、应用或用途。应该理解，在整个附图中，对应的附图标记表示相同或对应的部件和特征。
在下文中，将参照附图说明本发明的车辆用变速器结构。
图1是示出根据本发明的一种形式的车辆用变速器结构的视图。参照图1，车辆用变速器结构可包括：第一输入轴IS1，安装成从发动机E接收动力；第二输入轴IS2，与第一输入轴IS1同轴布置，同时被安装成从电动机M接收动力；输出轴OS，与第一输入轴IS1和第二输入轴IS2平行；一挡驱动齿轮1D，可自由旋转地设置在第一输入轴IS1上；二挡驱动齿轮2D，设置在第二输入轴IS2上；三挡驱动齿轮3D，可自由旋转地设置在第二输入轴IS2上；第一同步单元S1，设置在第一输入轴IS1上以选择性地将第二输入轴IS2和一挡驱动齿轮1D中的一个连接至第一输入轴IS1；第二同步单元S2，设置在第二输入轴IS2上以选择性地将第二输入轴IS2连接至三挡驱动齿轮3D；一挡从动齿轮1P，设置在输出轴OS上，同时与一挡驱动齿轮1D啮合以形成一挡变速比；三挡从动齿轮3P，设置在输出轴OS上，同时与三挡驱动齿轮3D啮合以形成三挡变速比；以及二挡从动齿轮2P，通过单向离合器安装在输出轴OS上，同时与二挡驱动齿轮2D啮合以形成二挡变速比。
在本发明的示出的形式中，响应于第一和第二同步单元S1、S2的控制，发动机E和电动机M的动力通过一挡驱动齿轮1D和一挡从动齿轮1P的组、二挡驱动齿轮2D和二挡从动齿轮2P的组、或者三挡驱动齿轮3D和三挡从动齿轮3P的组，传递至输出轴OS。
这里，第一同步单元S1可以是同步器，并且第二同步单元S2可以是爪形离合器。
图2至图4是示出响应于发动机驱动模式期间的变速的车辆用变速器的动力流的视图。
例如，如图2中所示，如果车辆在发动机驱动模式中在一挡下行驶，则第一同步单元S1进行操作，将第一输入轴IS1连接至一挡驱动齿轮1D。于是，发动机E的动力顺序地传递至第一输入轴IS1、第一同步单元S1、一挡驱动齿轮1D、一挡从动齿轮1P以及输出轴OS。此外，发动机E的动力通过设置在输出轴OS上的输出齿轮传递至差动齿轮，使得车辆在发动机驱动模式中在一挡下行驶。
如图3中所示，如果车辆在发动机驱动模式中在二挡下行驶，则第一同步单元S1将第一输入轴IS1连接至第二输入轴IS2，并且第二同步单元S2处于空挡状态。于是，发动机E的动力顺序地传递至第一输入轴IS1、第一同步单元S1、第二输入轴IS2、二挡驱动齿轮2D、二挡从动齿轮2P以及输出轴OS，使得可以实现发动机E的二挡。
如图4中所示，如果车辆在发动机驱动模式中在三挡下行驶，则第一同步单元S1将第一输入轴IS1连接至第二输入轴IS2，并且第二同步单元S2将第二输入轴IS2连接至三挡驱动齿轮3D。因此，发动机E的动力顺序地传递至第一输入轴IS1、第一同步单元S1、第二输入轴IS2、第二同步单元S2、三挡驱动齿轮3D、三挡从动齿轮3P以及输出轴OS，使得可以实现发动机E的三挡。
这里，三挡驱动齿轮3D和三挡从动齿轮3P的组的变速比形成为低于二挡驱动齿轮2D和二挡从动齿轮2P的组的变速比。由此，发动机扭矩可通过三挡驱动齿轮3D和三挡从动齿轮3P传递至输出轴OS。
另外，二挡从动齿轮2P通过单向离合器连接至输出轴OS。因此，通过三挡从动齿轮3P传递至输出轴OS的发动机E的动力被传递至二挡从动齿轮2P，以抑制或防止联锁或烧毁变速器。
为此，单向离合器可构造成将动力从二挡从动齿轮2P向输出轴OS传递。
同时，图5和图6是示出响应于EV模式期间的变速的车辆用变速器的动力流的视图。
如图5中所示，如果车辆在EV模式中在一挡下行驶，则第一同步单元S1和第二同步单元S2处于空挡状态。即，电动机M的动力顺序地传递至第二输入轴IS2、二挡驱动齿轮2D、二挡从动齿轮2P以及输出轴OS。这里，在EV模式中，电动机M的动力通过二挡驱动齿轮2D和二挡从动齿轮2P的组传递至驱动轮的情况称为一挡驱动。
图6示出EV模式的二挡中的动力流。第二同步单元S2连接第二输入轴IS2与三挡驱动齿轮3D。因此，电动机M的动力顺序地传递至第二输入轴IS2、二挡驱动齿轮2D、三挡驱动齿轮3D、三挡从动齿轮3P以及输出轴OS，使得可以实现电动机M的二挡驱动模式。这里，在EV模式中，电动机M的动力通过三挡驱动齿轮3D和三挡从动齿轮3P的组传递至驱动轮的情况称为二挡驱动。
图7至图10是示出响应于HEV模式期间的变速的车辆用变速器的动力流的视图。
如图7中所示，为了实现发动机一挡和电动机一挡，第一同步单元S1可连接第一输入轴IS1与一挡驱动齿轮1D。因此，发动机E的动力通过一挡齿轮组传递至输出轴OS，并且电动机M的动力通过二挡齿轮组传递至输出轴OS，使得可以实现发动机一挡和电动机一挡的变速模式。
接下来，可执行发动机二挡和电动机一挡的变速模式。如图8中所示，第一同步单元S1将第一输入轴IS1连接至第二输入轴IS2。因此，发动机E和电动机M的动力通过二挡齿轮组传递至输出轴OS。由此，可以实现发动机二挡和电动机一挡的变速模式。
图9示出发动机一挡和电动机二挡的变速模式。这里，第一同步单元S1连接第一输入轴IS1与一挡驱动齿轮1D，并且第二同步单元S2连接第二输入轴IS2与三挡驱动齿轮3D。因此，发动机E的动力通过一挡齿轮组传递至输出轴OS，并且电动机M的动力通过三挡齿轮组传递至输出轴OS，使得可以实现发动机一挡和电动机二挡的变速模式。
图10示出发动机E的三挡和电动机M的二挡的变速模式。更具体地，第一同步单元S1将第一输入轴IS1连接至第二输入轴IS2，并且第二同步单元S2将第二输入轴IS2连接至三挡驱动齿轮3D。因此，发动机E和电动机M的动力通过三挡齿轮组传递至输出轴OS，使得可以实现发动机E的三挡和电动机M的二挡的变速模式。
如上所述，根据本发明的车辆用变速器可以实现各种变速模式，使得可以实现与各种驱动条件对应的车辆性能。由此，可以提高车辆的适销性。
同时，根据本发明，离合器C设置在第二输入轴IS2上，以便选择性地将三挡驱动齿轮3D连接至第二输入轴IS2。
离合器抑制或防止在车辆的EV模式中从一挡驱动模式变速至二挡驱动模式时的扭矩中断，即切断动力的感觉。
即，通过二挡齿轮组执行电动机M的一挡，于是离合器C的摩擦力逐渐增加，使得通过二挡齿轮组传递至输出轴的电动机M的动力被诱导为通过三挡齿轮组传递至输出轴。这里，由于三挡齿轮组的变速比低于二挡齿轮组的变速比，所以电动机扭矩逐渐传递至三挡驱动齿轮3D。然后，第二同步单元S2将第二输入轴IS2连接至三挡驱动齿轮3D，使得电动机的动力传递至三挡齿轮组。接着，释放离合器C，使得可以抑制或防止扭矩中断。
图11是示出根据本发明的另一形式的车辆用变速器的视图。参照图11，还可设置选择性地将发动机E连接至第一输入轴IS1的发动机离合器EC。因此，在第一同步单元S1操作时，可以抑制或防止冲击的产生。
根据包括上述结构的车辆用变速器结构，可以减少变速器的部件数量，由此实现变速器轻量化并且提高了燃料效率。
此外，当变换至车辆的EV模式时，可以抑制或防止扭矩中断，由此防止换挡冲击。
根据以上说明显而易见的是，可以减少变速器的部件数量，使得可以显著减轻变速器的重量。由此，可以提高车辆的燃料效率。
此外，可以抑制或防止变换至车辆的EV模式时扭矩中断的产生，由此抑制或防止换挡冲击的产生。
尽管在上文中已经参照附图说明了本发明的示例性形式，但是本领域技术人员将会理解，在不脱离本发明的技术构思或特征的情况下，可以各种其他形式更改本发明。

Claims (4)

1.一种车辆用变速器结构，包括：
第一输入轴，构造成从发动机接收动力；
第二输入轴，与所述第一输入轴同轴布置，所述第二输入轴构造成从电动机接收动力；
输出轴，与所述第一输入轴和所述第二输入轴平行；
一挡驱动齿轮，可自由旋转地设置在所述第一输入轴上；
二挡驱动齿轮，设置在所述第二输入轴上；
三挡驱动齿轮，可自由旋转地设置在所述第二输入轴上；
第一同步单元，设置在所述第一输入轴上，并且构造成选择性地将所述第二输入轴和所述一挡驱动齿轮中的一个连接至所述第一输入轴；
第二同步单元，设置在所述第二输入轴上，并且构造成选择性地将所述第二输入轴连接至所述三挡驱动齿轮；
一挡从动齿轮和三挡从动齿轮，设置在所述输出轴上，所述一挡从动齿轮与所述一挡驱动齿轮啮合以形成一挡变速比，并且所述三挡从动齿轮与所述三挡驱动齿轮啮合以形成三挡变速比；
二挡从动齿轮，通过单向离合器安装在所述输出轴上，所述二挡从动齿轮与所述二挡驱动齿轮啮合以形成二挡变速比；以及
离合器，设置在所述第二输入轴上，并且构造成选择性地将所述三挡驱动齿轮连接至所述第二输入轴。
2.根据权利要求1所述的变速器结构，还包括：发动机离合器，构造成选择性地将所述发动机连接至所述第一输入轴。
3.根据权利要求1所述的变速器结构，其中，所述单向离合器构造成将来自所述二挡从动齿轮的动力传递至所述输出轴。
4.根据权利要求1所述的变速器结构，其中，所述第一同步单元包括同步器，并且所述第二同步单元包括爪形离合器。
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US10350986B2 (en) 2019-07-16

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