CN108066240B - 一种保湿霜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种保湿霜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108066240B CN108066240B CN201810000998.3A CN201810000998A CN108066240B CN 108066240 B CN108066240 B CN 108066240B CN 201810000998 A CN201810000998 A CN 201810000998A CN 108066240 B CN108066240 B CN 108066240B
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种保湿霜及其制备方法,保湿霜的成分包括鲸蜡硬脂醇、鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷、油菜甾醇类、神经酰胺3、季戊四醇二硬脂酸酯、氢化卵磷脂、牛油果树果脂提取物、生育酚乙酸酯、辛酸/癸酸甘油三酯、氢化聚异丁烯、聚二甲基硅氧烷、甘油、丁二醇、黄原胶、1,2‑己二醇、海藻糖、尿囊素、甘草酸二钾、燕麦肽、苦参根提取物、乙基己基甘油、扭刺仙人掌茎提取物、木薯淀粉、麦冬根提取物、1%透明质酸钠水溶液、苯氧乙醇和水。本发明提供的保湿霜功能全面、效果显著,可以同时达到补水、修复皮肤天然保湿系统、保湿、抗过敏的功效。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于日化领域,具体涉及一种保湿霜及其制备方法。
背景技术
人的全身水分主要贮存在皮肤中,皮肤贮存的水分占全身的18%-20%,其余的水分均匀地分布在肌肉、全身所有的内脏和血液中。其中,角质层含水量占表皮的20%-35%,如果角质层含水量低于10%就会发生皮肤病。婴幼儿皮肤中的含水量相当高,可高达40%,所以婴幼儿皮肤看起来非常稚嫩、水灵和富有弹性。青年女性皮肤含水量比青年男性高,所以女性皮肤看起来丰满、亮丽。年轻人皮肤含水量比老年人高,老年人皮肤含水量不足18%,看起来干燥、无华。
健康的皮肤应该是光洁滋润富有弹性的,而这些外观标志与皮肤本身保湿系统的功能有关,保湿系统的功能在于维持皮肤一定的含水量,抵抗由内外因素对皮肤造成的蒸发干燥、甚至脆裂等损害。人体皮肤中的天然保湿系统主要由水、脂类、天然保湿因子(NMF)组成,当各种原因所致水或脂类缺乏时,其水屏障作用减弱,皮肤角质层不能及时调节足够的保湿因子,经表皮水分丢失就会增多,皮肤的含水量就会下降。最明显的变化是:皮肤干燥,油脂腺的活跃能力降低,皮脂分泌少,皮肤容易绷紧,缺少光泽,毛孔变粗,并容易产生细小皱纹,毛细血管易破裂,对外界刺激比较敏感,皮肤易生红斑。
保湿霜是一种液态霜类化妆品,是人们日常皮肤护理产品中的一个重要部分,可以用于保持角质层的水分。保湿霜的原料相当丰富,已上市的产品种类繁多,常用的保湿产品主要是通过甘油、山梨醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇等实现保湿功能的,这些物质具有从周围环境中吸取水分的功能,因此在皮肤本身含水量较高时对皮肤的保湿效果很好;但是在皮肤已经缺水的情况下,不但对皮肤没有好处,反而会从皮肤内层吸取水分,使皮肤变得更干燥,影响皮肤的正常功能。专利申请CN 201611053162.7公开了一种多功能保湿霜,声称其保湿效果好且适合敏感性皮肤,但该保湿霜中的保湿成分较为单一,难以预期对干燥的皮肤具有良好的补水保湿效果;专利申请CN 201611056894.1公开了一种保湿霜,声称其可以迅速消除皮肤干燥引发的不良感受,并保持皮肤湿润,但根据其公开的实施例,涂抹该产品后,受试者的皮肤水合度提高较少,且涂抹三小时后,保湿效果即出现了下降。
皮肤的干燥不仅仅是由于皮肤表面缺乏脂类性物质,更重要的原因是皮肤角质层中水分不足。实验证明,仅在干燥皮肤表面上涂抹具有油脂的化妆品,并不能使其变得柔软。因此,要使皮肤处于润湿柔软、富有弹性和光泽的状态,除了要具备有滋润作用的油脂性物质外,还要保持皮肤角质层中含有一定量的水分。这样,皮肤才是真正得到了保湿。正是由于角质层的吸水作用及屏障功能,再加上皮脂腺、汗腺分泌脂类形成水质乳化物才使水分不易丢失。
因此,为了使皮肤保持滋润,更有效的方法是同时进行补水和保湿,补水可以向已经缺水的皮肤快速补充水分,保湿可以在皮肤表面形成保湿层,在相对湿度较低、多风的环境中防止水分流失。另一方面,干燥的皮肤的天然保湿系统已经受损,皮肤对外界的刺激比较敏感,在进行补水保湿时,应该兼顾降低保湿霜的致敏性。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对上述现有技术的不足,提供一种保湿霜及其制备方法。本发明提供的保湿霜功能全面、效果显著,可以同时达到补水、修复皮肤天然保湿系统、保湿、抗过敏的功效。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种保湿霜及其制备方法,所述保湿霜按质量百分比计由以下原料制备而成:
本发明还提供了所述保湿霜的制备方法:
1)混合A组相的原料,升温至80-85℃,搅拌均匀,得到物料1;
2)以转速7000-9000r/min搅拌混合B组相的原料,搅拌升温至80-85℃,使原料溶解均匀,得到物料2;
3)保温搅拌物料2 0.5-1小时,加入物料1,继续搅拌5-10min,得到物料3;
4)搅拌物料3并降温至50-60℃,加入C组相原料搅拌混合均匀,得到物料4;
5)降温物料4至40-45℃,加入D组相、E组相原料搅拌混合均匀,得到物料5;
6)降温物料5至35℃出料,陈化;
7)检测合格后灌装。
在研发过程中,本发明综合考虑了补水、保湿、修复、抗过敏、使用感等多方面的因素,为了同时达到多种效果并在多种效果中取得平衡,本发明的配方经过了大量尝试和调整,最终确定了合理的成分和配比。本发明的发明构思可以概括为至少以下五点:
(1)本发明富含多种滋润保湿作用的成分,如神经酰胺3、牛油果树果脂提取物、辛酸/癸酸甘油三酯、甘油、丁二醇、1,2-己二醇、乙基己基甘油、尿囊素、燕麦肽、扭刺仙人掌茎提取物等,通过合理配比各种成分,本发明提供的保湿霜一方面可以滋润皮肤,向皮肤快速补水,另一方面可以在相对湿度低、多风的环境中防止水分的流失,有显著的保湿作用。
(2)本发明通过在原料中同时添加神经酰胺3、氢化卵磷脂、氢化聚异丁烯、水、海藻糖和尿囊素,并优化这些成分的含量和比例,可以模拟人体皮肤中由油脂、水、NMF组成的天然保湿系统,增加真皮-表皮水分渗透,来延缓水分丢失,为皮肤提供保护、促进皮肤保湿系统的修复。再配合原料中其他具有滋润保湿作用的成分,本发明提供的保湿霜可以快速渗透到表皮层,可以由内而外地对皮肤进行补水,适用于各种原因所导致的皮肤干燥。如皮肤干燥常见的外源性原因有冷、热、多风、机械磨损、暴露与洗涤剂、过分清洗等;内源性原因有脆弱老化的皮肤、干燥症等。
(3)本发明提供的保湿霜的配方成分均没有刺激性,不易导致过敏,而且还添加了具有止痒抗敏作用的成分甘草酸二钾、扭刺仙人掌茎提取物、麦冬根提取物和苦参根提取物。因此,本发明的保湿霜成分温和,具有抗过敏的功能,适用于各类人群,包括成人和婴幼儿。
(4)本发明的配方中还添加了具有抗氧化作用的成分,如生育酚乙酸酯、尿囊素、燕麦肽、扭刺仙人掌茎提取物、麦冬根提取物、苦参根提取物等,使得本发明提供的保湿霜还具有一定程度的抗衰老作用。
(5)用于制备保湿霜的乳化剂和赋形剂种类繁多,本发明根据主要活性成分和滋润保湿成分的特点,合理选用了相应的乳化剂和赋形剂等基质,成品可以很好地实现补水、保湿、抗过敏的效果,同时还具有高级的使用感,在使用过程中没有油腻感,易推开,皮肤亲和感好。
综上所述,本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下优点。
(1)本发明提供的保湿霜可以明显提高皮肤的含水量,改善皮肤干燥状态,增加皮肤的弹性。
(2)本发明提供的保湿霜中的滋润补水成分可以快速渗透到表皮层,改善皮肤的天然保湿系统,可以由内而外地对皮肤进行补水,适用于各种原因所导致的皮肤干燥,长时间使用,可有效提高皮肤的保湿能力。
(3)本发明提供的保湿霜成分温和,具有抗过敏功能,适用于各类人群,包括成人和婴幼儿。
(4)本发明提供的保湿霜具有高级的使用感,在使用过程中没有油腻感,易推开,皮肤亲和感好。
附图说明
图1皮肤水合度变化率
图2经皮水分散失量变化率
现结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明:
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例来进一步描述本发明,本发明的优点和特点将会随着描述而更为清楚。但这些实施例仅是范例性的,并不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。本领域技术人员应该理解的是,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下可以对本发明技术方案的细节和形式进行修改或替换,但这些修改和替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。
以下实施例1-3和对比例1-4的原料生厂商/供应商与发明内容中所记载的相同,制备方法相同,均采用实施例4中的制备方法。
实施例1-3
对比例1-4
实施例4
实施例1-3和对比例1-4保湿霜的制备方法如下:
1)混合A组相的原料,升温至80-85℃,搅拌均匀,得到物料1;
2)以转速7000-9000r/min搅拌混合B组相的原料,搅拌升温至80-85℃,使原料溶解均匀,得到物料2;
3)保温搅拌物料2 0.5-1小时,加入物料1,继续搅拌5-10min,得到物料3;
4)搅拌物料3降温至50-60℃,加入C组相原料搅拌混合均匀,得到物料4;
5)降温物料4至40-45℃,加入D组相、E组相原料搅拌混合均匀,得到物料5;
6)降温物料5至35℃出料,陈化;
7)检测合格后灌装。
实施例5 保湿功效测试
以QB/T4256-2011《化妆品保湿功效评价指南》为参照标准,对实施例1-3和对比例1-4的保湿霜进行保湿功效测试,以一款市售保湿霜为对照。受试者为80名健康状况良好的男、女性,年龄在16岁-65岁随机分布,受试者在测试前2天内,受试部位未使用功能相似的化妆品。将受试者随机分为8组,每组10人,分别测试实施例1-3的保湿霜、对比例1-4的保湿霜和一款市售保湿霜,测试部位为面部,要求均匀涂抹。测试仪器为:皮肤水分含量测试仪Corneometer CM 825(德国CK公司),水分经皮肤散失测试仪Tewameter TM 300(德国CK公司)。
测试流程:
1)测试环境要求:恒温恒湿(温度22±2℃,相对湿度50%±5%RH)环境,要求受试者在测试数据前静坐30min。
2)测试方法:使用Tewameter TM 300对皮肤表面水分流失进行测试,每个测试区测试3次取平均值;在皮肤表面水分流失测试完成后,使用Corneometer CM825对皮肤水分含量进行测试,每个测试区测试5次取平均值。
3)样品涂抹:将测试样品涂抹在受试者皮肤的测试区域内,涂抹量为2mg/cm2。
4)数据采集:数据采集时间为受试者第一次使用样品第0小时(即第一次涂抹样品前皮肤测试)、第2小时、第4小时、第2周、第4周;期间受试者每天早上在测试区域涂抹等量的测试样品,并且不在测试区域涂抹任何其他化妆品;第2周和第4周的数据均为当天涂抹样品后第4小时时测定。
测试结果:
1)皮肤水分含量MMV值
皮肤水分含量MMV值越大,水分含量越大,反之,水分含量越小。水合变化率,即皮肤水合度变化率,此值越高,补水效果越明显。
水合变化率=(测试皮肤水合度-对照皮肤水合度)/对照皮肤水合度×100%
其中,测试皮肤水合度为受试者使用样品后采集的数据,对照皮肤水合度为受试者第一次涂抹样品前采集的数据。使用测试样品前后皮肤水合度变化率见图1。
应用SPSS 22.0软件对数据组进行正态分布分析,统计结果均符合正态分布。样品测试区域水分含量MMV值,在第2小时、第4小时、第2周和第4周相对使用前配对t检验结果均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。
由测试结果可知,在测试周期内,受试者使用测试样品后,测试区域皮肤水分含量MMV值均高于使用前。通过对比第2小时和第4小时的水合率数据可知,实施例1-3的保湿霜短时补水效果较好;通过对比第2周和第4周的水合率数据可知,与对比例相比,长时间使用实施例1-3的保湿霜对皮肤的滋润效果显著更好,皮肤自身的保湿能力也得到了改善,其中实施例2的效果最为显著。
2)经皮水分散失量TEWL值
经皮水分散失TEWL值,其值越小,水分散失越少,锁水能力越强;反之,锁水能力越弱。失水率,及TEWL值的变化率,此值越低锁水效果越好。使用测试样品前后经皮水分散失量TEWL值的统计结果见图2。
应用SPSS 22.0软件对数据组进行正态分布分析,统计结果均符合正态分布。样品测试区域经皮水分散失量TEWL值,在第2小时、第4小时、第2周和第4周相对使用前配对t检验结果均存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。
由测试结果可知,在测试周期内,受试者使用测试样品后,测试区域经皮水分散失量均低于使用前。通过对比第2小时和第4小时的皮肤失水率数据可知,实施例1-3的降低经皮水分散失的效果较好;通过对比第2周和第4周的皮肤失水率数据可知,与对比例相比,长时间使用实施例1-3的保湿霜的降低经皮水分散失的效果显著更好,皮肤自身的保湿能力也得到了改善,其中实施例2的效果最为显著。
综合上述分析结果,可知实施例1-3的保湿霜可以显著提高皮肤水分含量、降低经皮水分散失量,说明测试样品具有显著的补水保湿效果,且在使用第2周和第4周中,保湿效果较即时效果更佳,说明长时间使用,可以有效提高皮肤自身的保湿能力。
实施例6 婴幼儿适用测试
本发明提供的保湿霜不仅具有补水、保湿、修复皮肤天然保湿系统的效果,而且成分温和,具有抗过敏功能,适用于各类人群,包括成人和婴幼儿。
以2007年《化妆品卫生规范》和2015年《化妆品安全技术规范》为参照标准,对实施例1-3的保湿霜进行化妆品刺激评价,测试方法为人体贴斑试验,先对年龄在16-65随随机分布的30人进行测试,检测结果为全阴性,随后对年龄在1-3岁随机分布的30名婴幼儿进行测试。
测试方法:将受试物放入斑试器内,用量约为0.020-0.025g,将加有受试物的斑试器用无刺激交代贴覆于受试者的背部或前臂屈侧,用手掌轻压使之均匀地贴覆在皮肤上,持续24h。去除受试斑试器后30min,待压痕消失后观察皮肤反应。如结果为阴性,于斑贴试验后24h和48h分别再观察一次。
评价标准:0级:阴性反应;1级:可疑反应,仅有微弱红斑;2级:弱阳性反应,红斑、浸润、水肿、可有丘疹;3级:强阳性反应,红斑、浸润、水肿、可有丘疹、反应可超出受试区;4级:极强阳性反应,明显红斑、严重浸润、水肿、融合性疱疹、反应超出受试区。
测试结果:所有受试者的皮肤反应均为阴性。
由测试结果可知,本发明提供的保湿霜适用于各类人群,包括成人和婴幼儿。
实施例7 感官测试
以E1490-03,Standard Practice for Descriptive Skinfeel Analysis ofCreams and Lotions[S]为参照标准,对实施例2的保湿霜进行感官测试。测试人群为10名专业级评价人员,对样品的外观、使用过程和使用后的肤感进行主观评价。评分标准为:0.0-1.9为低强度,2.0-3.9为较低强度,4.0-5.9为适中,6.0-7.9为较高强度,8.0-10.0为高强度,感官测试结果统计见下表:
*显著水平为95%
由测试结果可知,样品光亮度1、坚实度、挑起性、峰高、油润感、粘感、光亮度2感官评价指标均在适中区域;铺展性、水润感、吸收性、滑溜感和湿润感保持度感官评价指标均在较高强度。
本发明方案所公开的技术手段不仅限于上述技术手段所公开的技术手段,还包括由以上技术特征任意组合所组成的技术方案。以上所述是本发明的具体实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种保湿霜,其特征在于,所述保湿霜的原料按照质量百分比包括:鲸蜡硬脂醇1-2%、鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷1-2%、油菜甾醇类0.5-2%、神经酰胺3 0.1-0.2%、季戊四醇二硬脂酸酯2-4%、氢化卵磷脂0.2-1%、牛油果树果脂提取物2.5-5%、生育酚乙酸酯0.2-0.6%、辛酸/癸酸甘油三酯3-5.5%、氢化聚异丁烯2-5%、聚二甲基硅氧烷2-4%、甘油2-5%、丁二醇1-4.5%、黄原胶0.05-0.5%、1,2-己二醇0.5-2.5%、海藻糖0.5-2.5%、尿囊素0.05-0.5%、甘草酸二钾0.05-0.5%、燕麦肽2-5%、苦参根提取物0.4-1%、乙基己基甘油0.2-0.5%、扭刺仙人掌茎提取物2-5%、木薯淀粉0.2-0.5%、麦冬根提取物0.4-1%、1%透明质酸钠水溶液4-6%、苯氧乙醇0.2-0.8%、香精0-0.1%和水余量。
2.按照权利要求1所述的保湿霜,其特征在于,所述保湿霜的原料按照质量百分比包括:鲸蜡硬脂醇1.5%、鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷1.5%、油菜甾醇类1%、神经酰胺3 0.16%、季戊四醇二硬脂酸酯2.5%、氢化卵磷脂0.5%、牛油果树果脂提取物4%、生育酚乙酸酯0.5%、辛酸/癸酸甘油三酯5%、氢化聚异丁烯4%、聚二甲基硅氧烷3%、甘油3%、丁二醇2%、黄原胶0.15%、1,2-己二醇1%、海藻糖1%、尿囊素0.1%、甘草酸二钾0.1%、燕麦肽3%、苦参根提取物0.8%、乙基己基甘油0.4%、扭刺仙人掌茎提取物3%、木薯淀粉0.35%、麦冬根提取物0.7%、1%透明质酸钠水溶液5%、苯氧乙醇0.5%、香精0.06%和水余量。
3.按照权利要求1-2任一所述的保湿霜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
准确称取各原料,以鲸蜡硬脂醇、鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷、油菜甾醇类、神经酰胺3、季戊四醇二硬脂酸酯、氢化卵磷脂、牛油果树果脂提取物、生育酚乙酸酯、辛酸/癸酸甘油三酯、氢化聚异丁烯、聚二甲基硅氧烷作为A组相;
以水、甘油、丁二醇、黄原胶、1,2-己二醇、海藻糖、尿囊素、甘草酸二钾作为B组相;
以燕麦肽、苦参根提取物、乙基己基甘油、扭刺仙人掌茎提取物、木薯淀粉、麦冬根提取物、1%透明质酸钠水溶液作为C组相;
以苯氧乙醇作为D组相;
以香精作为E组相;
1)混合A组相的原料,升温至80-85℃,搅拌均匀,得到物料1;
2)混合B组相的原料,搅拌升温至80-85℃,使原料溶解均匀,得到物料2;
3)保温搅拌物料2 0.5-1小时,加入物料1,继续搅拌5-10 min,得到物料3;
4)搅拌物料3降温至50-60℃,加入C组相原料搅拌混合均匀,得到物料4;
5)降温物料4至40-45℃,加入D组相、E组相原料搅拌混合均匀,得到物料5;
6)降温物料5至35℃出料,陈化;
7)检测合格后灌装。
4.按照权利要求3所述的保湿霜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2)的搅拌转速为7000-9000r/min。
5.按照权利要求3所述的保湿霜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤4)中:搅拌物料3降温至50℃,加入C组相原料搅拌混合均匀,得到物料4。
6.按照权利要求3所述的保湿霜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤5)中:降温物料4至40℃,加入D组相、E组相原料搅拌混合均匀,得到物料5。
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