CN108059454A - 一种温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN108059454A
CN108059454A CN201810072931.0A CN201810072931A CN108059454A CN 108059454 A CN108059454 A CN 108059454A CN 201810072931 A CN201810072931 A CN 201810072931A CN 108059454 A CN108059454 A CN 108059454A
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王丹
吉岸
王晓慧
金镇龙
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷及其制备方法和应用。所述微波介质陶瓷包括化学式为x(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3‑(1‑x)Nd2Zr2O7的物质,其中0.95≤x≤1;所述微波介质陶瓷的谐振频率温度系数为15~160ppm/℃,相对介电常数为190~208。本发明的微波介质陶瓷,主相为CaTiO3经离子取代形成的(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3固溶体,或与Nd2Zr2O7复配而成,相对介电常数可达到190~208,远高于现有技术中微波介质陶瓷介电常数水平,且具有较低的损耗和15~160ppm/℃的谐振频率温度系数,绿色无污染,能适应微波器件日渐小型化的需求。

Description

一种温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷及其制备方法和 应用
技术领域
本发明涉及微波介质陶瓷领域,具体涉及一种温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
近年来,随着通讯技术的迅速发展,对微波器件的的需求量也正在日益增长。为了实现微波介质器件的小型化、集成化、便携化和低成本,这就要求微波介质陶瓷具有高的介电常数εr(通常εr大于80)。由于介电常数大的材料其介电损耗与温度系数也较大,所以,高介电常数微波介质陶瓷的开发困难较多。
在现有技术中介电常数超过100的微波介质陶瓷为数不多,这就大大地限制了微波器件进一步的小型化与应用范围,为此极需开发具有更高介电常数的微波介质陶瓷。例如CN103214244A公开了一种高性能微波介质陶瓷及其制备方法。主晶相为(1-x)CaTiO3-x(LayNd(1-y))GaO3,采用CaCO3、TiO2、La2O3、Ga2O3、Nd2O3为原料,改性掺杂剂为BaCO3和SrCO3。按传统的固相反应法制备(1-x)CaTiO3-x(LayNd(1-y))GaO3微波介质陶瓷。本发明提供的微波介质陶瓷材料具有优良的微波介电性能:相对介电常数εr在40~45之间可调,Q×f为40000~45000GHz,谐振频率温度系数可连续调节,可广泛应用于制备现代通信基站中用介质谐振器、滤波器及双工器等微波器件。其相对介电常数有待提高。
目前已实用化的高介电常数微波介质陶瓷主要为钙钛矿系列,虽然这类微波介质陶瓷材料具有较高的介质常数,但是他们的介质损耗比较大且谐振频率温度系数不稳定。其中,铅基钙钛矿系列的微波介质材料对环境有一定的污染。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术中存在的问题,本发明的目的之一在于提供介电常数高、介质损耗低、谐振频率温度系数接近于零,绿色无污染的高介电常数微波介质陶瓷及其制备方法,适应微波器件小型化的需求。
为达此目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
第一方面,本发明提供一种温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷,所述微波介质陶瓷包括化学式为x(Ca0.8Sr0.2TiO3-(1-x)Nd2Zr2O7的物质,其中0.95≤x≤1,例如0.95、0.96、0.97、0.98或0.99等。
所述微波介质陶瓷的谐振频率温度系数为15~160ppm/℃,相对介电常数为190~208。
本发明所述的“包括”,意指其除所述组分外,还可以包括其他组分,这些其他组分赋予所述微波介质陶瓷不同的特性。除此之外,本发明所述的“包括”,还可以替换为封闭式的“为”或“由……组成”。
本发明的微波介质陶瓷,主相为CaTiO3经离子取代形成的(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3固溶体,或与Nd2Zr2O7复配而成,所述陶瓷的介电常数可达到190~208,远高于现有技术中微波介质陶瓷介电常数水平,且不以大幅牺牲温度稳定性为前提,具有较低的损耗和接近于零的谐振频率温度系数,具有介电常数高、谐振频率温度系数接近于零、绿色无污染的特点,适用于通讯中的天线,或是可使介质谐振器与滤波器等微波元件器件适应更高的频率。
第二方面,本发明提供一种如第一方面所述的温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将CaCO3,SrCO3,和TiO2按照(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3进行化学计量比配料,混合后球磨,烘干,预烧,得到(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3
(2)将Nd2O3和ZrO2按照Nd2Zr2O7进行化学计量比配料,混合后球磨,烘干,预烧,得到Nd2Zr2O7
(3)将步骤(1)所得(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3和步骤(2)所得Nd2Zr2O7按照x(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3-(1-x)Nd2Zr2O7进行化学计量比配料,其中0.95≤x≤1,然后球磨,烘干,所得粉料进行造粒,压制成胚体;
(4)将步骤(3)所得胚体烧结成瓷,得到温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷。
优选地,步骤(1)所述预烧的温度为1180~1200℃,例如1180℃、1182℃、1185℃、1188℃、1190℃、1192℃、1195℃、1198℃或1200℃等,时间为4~6h,例如4h、4.2h、4.5h、4.8h、5h、5.2h、5.5h、5.8h或6h等。
优选地,步骤(1)所述预烧的温度为1180~1190℃,时间为4~4.5h。
优选地,步骤(1)所述预烧前还包括进行过筛。
优选地,所述过筛为过120目的筛网。
优选地,步骤(2)所述预烧的温度为1280~1300℃,例如1280℃、1282℃、1285℃、1288℃、1290℃、1292℃、1295℃、1298℃或1300℃等,时间为4~6h,例如4h、4.2h、4.5h、4.8h、5h、5.2h、5.5h、5.8h或6h等。
优选地,步骤(2)所述预烧的温度为1290~1300℃,时间为4~4.5h。
优选地,步骤(2)所述预烧前还包括进行过筛。
优选地,所述过筛为过120目的筛网。
优选地,步骤(3)所述造粒包括:向所述粉料中加入质量浓度为10~15%的聚乙烯醇水溶液进行造粒,例如10%、11%、12%、13%、14%或15%等。
优选地,所述聚乙烯醇水溶液的质量浓度为11~13%。
优选地,步骤(3)所述胚体为圆柱状。
优选地,步骤(4)所述烧结的温度为1400~1450℃,例如1400℃、1410℃、1420℃、1430℃、1440℃或1450℃等,时间为4~6h,例如4h、4.2h、4.5h、4.8h、5h、5.2h、5.5h、5.8h或6h等。
优选地,步骤(4)所述烧结的时间为4.5~5.5h。
优选地,步骤(1)、步骤(2)所述的预烧和步骤(4)所述的烧结均在大气气氛中进行。
优选地,步骤(1)、步骤(2)所述的预烧均在刚玉坩埚中进行;
优选地,步骤(4)所述的烧结在刚玉板上进行。
作为本发明优选的技术方案,所述的温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将CaCO3,SrCO3,和TiO2按照(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3进行化学计量比配料,混合后球磨,烘干,过120目的筛网,于大气气氛在刚玉坩埚中1280~1300℃预烧4~6h,得到(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3
(2)将Nd2O3和ZrO2按照Nd2Zr2O7进行化学计量比配料,混合后球磨,烘干,过120目的筛网,于大气气氛在刚玉坩埚中1180~1200℃预烧4~6h,得到Nd2Zr2O7
(3)将步骤(1)所得(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3和步骤(2)所得Nd2Zr2O7按照x(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3-(1-x)Nd2Zr2O7进行化学计量比配料,其中0.95≤x≤1,然后球磨,烘干,向所得粉料中加入质量浓度为10~15%的聚乙烯醇水溶液进行造粒,压制成圆柱状胚体;
(4)将步骤(3)所得圆柱状胚体于大气气氛在刚玉板上1400~1450℃烧结4~6h烧结成瓷,得到温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷。
第三方面,本发明提供如第一方面所述微波介质陶瓷材料在微波介质天线、微波隔离器、微波移相器、介质滤波器和介质谐振器中的应用。
与现有技术方案相比,本发明至少具有如下有益效果:
1.本发明的微波介质陶瓷,主相为CaTiO3经离子取代形成的(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3固溶体,或与Nd2Zr2O7复配而成,所述陶瓷介电常数可达到190~208,远高于现有技术中微波介质陶瓷介电常数水平,且不以大幅牺牲温度稳定性为前提,具有较低的损耗和15~160ppm/℃的谐振频率温度系数,绿色无污染,适用于通讯中的天线,或是可使介质谐振器与滤波器等微波元件器件适应更高的频率,能适应微波器件日渐小型化的需求;
2本发明利用分步不同温度的烧结方法,得到的微波介质陶瓷的介电常数和温度稳定性的综合性能,简单易行,具有普适性。
具体实施方式
为便于理解本发明,本发明列举实施例如下。本领域技术人员应该明了,所述实施例仅仅用于帮助理解本发明,不应视为对本发明的具体限制。
本发明实施例所采用的原料CaCO3,SrCO3,Nd2O3,ZrO2和TiO2的纯度达99%以上,用网络矢量分析仪测量各实施例样品的微波介电性能(即相对介电常数εr,品质因数Q×f,谐振频率温度系数τf),整理于表1。
实施例1
一种温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷,包括(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3
其制备方法如下:
将纯度为99%的原料CaCO3,SrCO3和TiO2按表达式(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3,进行配比,以去离子水为介质充分混合球磨(200r/min,4h),然后120℃下烘干、过120目的筛、放入刚玉坩埚,在空气氛围下经1180℃保温4h,得到样品(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3
然后得到样品进行二次球磨,球磨时间为6h,在120℃下烘干后造粒(将粉体与聚乙烯醇的水溶液混合,然后制成微米级的球形颗粒),经120目筛网过筛,得到所需瓷料;将瓷料压制直径10mm,高度为6mm的圆柱体,然后在1420℃空气下烧结5h成瓷,得温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷材料。
实施例2
一种温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷,包括0.99(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3-0.01Nd2Zr2O7
其制备方法如下:
将纯度为99%的原料CaCO3,SrCO3和TiO2按表达式(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3,进行配比,以去离子水为介质充分混合球磨(200r/min,4h),然后120℃下烘干、过120目的筛、放入刚玉坩埚,在空气氛围下经1200℃保温4h,得到样品(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3
将纯度为99%的原料Nd2O3和ZrO2按照表达式Nd2Zr2O7进行配比,以去离子水为介质充分混合球磨(200r/min,4h),然后120℃下烘干、过120目的筛、放入刚玉坩埚,在空气氛围下经1300℃保温4h,得到样品Nd2Zr2O7
然后得到样品(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3和Nd2Zr2O7按照0.99(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3-0.01Nd2Zr2O7混合后再进行二次球磨,球磨时间为6h,在120℃下烘干后造粒(将粉体与聚乙烯醇的水溶液混合,然后制成微米级的球形颗粒),经120目筛网过筛,得到所需瓷料;将瓷料压制直径10mm,高度为6mm的圆柱体,然后在1400℃空气下烧结6h成瓷,得温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷材料。
实施例3
一种温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷,包括0.98(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3-0.02Nd2Zr2O7
其制备方法如下:
将纯度为99%的原料CaCO3,SrCO3和TiO2按表达式(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3,进行配比,以去离子水为介质充分混合球磨(200r/min,4h),然后120℃下烘干、过120目的筛、放入刚玉坩埚,在空气氛围下经1180℃保温4h,得到样品(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3
将纯度为99%的原料Nd2O3和ZrO2按照表达式Nd2Zr2O7进行配比,以去离子水为介质充分混合球磨(200r/min,4h),然后120℃下烘干、过120目的筛、放入刚玉坩埚,在空气氛围下经1280℃保温4h,得到样品Nd2Zr2O7
然后得到样品(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3和Nd2Zr2O7按照0.98(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3-0.02Nd2Zr2O7混合后再进行二次球磨,球磨时间为6h,在120℃下烘干后造粒(将粉体与聚乙烯醇的水溶液混合,然后制成微米级的球形颗粒),经120目筛网过筛,得到所需瓷料;将瓷料压制直径10mm,高度为6mm的圆柱体,然后在1450℃空气下烧结4h成瓷,得温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷材料。
实施例4
一种温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷,包括0.97(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3-0.03Nd2Zr2O7
其制备方法如下:
将纯度为99%的原料CaCO3,SrCO3和TiO2按表达式(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3,进行配比,以去离子水为介质充分混合球磨(200r/min,4h),然后120℃下烘干、过120目的筛、放入刚玉坩埚,在空气氛围下经1190℃保温4.5h,得到样品(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3
将纯度为99%的原料Nd2O3和ZrO2按照表达式Nd2Zr2O7进行配比,以去离子水为介质充分混合球磨(200r/min,4h),然后120℃下烘干、过120目的筛、放入刚玉坩埚,在空气氛围下经1290℃保温4.5h,得到样品Nd2Zr2O7
然后得到样品(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3和Nd2Zr2O7按照0.97(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3-0.03Nd2Zr2O7混合后再进行二次球磨,球磨时间为6h,在120℃下烘干后造粒(将粉体与聚乙烯醇的水溶液混合,然后制成微米级的球形颗粒),经120目筛网过筛,得到所需瓷料;将瓷料压制直径10mm,高度为6mm的圆柱体,然后在1420℃空气下烧结5.5h成瓷,得温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷材料。
实施例5
一种温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷,包括0.96(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3-0.04Nd2Zr2O7
其制备方法如下:
将纯度为99%的原料CaCO3,SrCO3和TiO2按表达式(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3,进行配比,以去离子水为介质充分混合球磨(200r/min,4h),然后120℃下烘干、过120目的筛、放入刚玉坩埚,在空气氛围下经1180℃保温4h,得到样品(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3
将纯度为99%的原料Nd2O3和ZrO2按照表达式Nd2Zr2O7进行配比,以去离子水为介质充分混合球磨(200r/min,4h),然后120℃下烘干、过120目的筛、放入刚玉坩埚,在空气氛围下经1280℃保温4h,得到样品Nd2Zr2O7
然后得到样品(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3和Nd2Zr2O7按照0.96(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3-0.04Nd2Zr2O7混合后再进行二次球磨,球磨时间为6h,在120℃下烘干后造粒(将粉体与聚乙烯醇的水溶液混合,然后制成微米级的球形颗粒),经120目筛网过筛,得到所需瓷料;将瓷料压制直径10mm,高度为6mm的圆柱体,然后在1420℃空气下烧结5h成瓷,得温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷材料。
实施例6
一种温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷,包括0.95(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3-0.05Nd2Zr2O7
其制备方法如下:
将纯度为99%的原料CaCO3,SrCO3和TiO2按表达式(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3,进行配比,以去离子水为介质充分混合球磨(200r/min,4h),然后120℃下烘干、过120目的筛、放入刚玉坩埚,在空气氛围下经1180℃保温4h,得到样品(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3
将纯度为99%的原料Nd2O3和ZrO2按照表达式Nd2Zr2O7进行配比,以去离子水为介质充分混合球磨(200r/min,4h),然后120℃下烘干、过120目的筛、放入刚玉坩埚,在空气氛围下经1280℃保温4h,得到样品Nd2Zr2O7
然后得到样品(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3和Nd2Zr2O7按照0.95(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3-0.05Nd2Zr2O7混合后再进行二次球磨,球磨时间为6h,在120℃下烘干后造粒(将粉体与聚乙烯醇的水溶液混合,然后制成微米级的球形颗粒),经120目筛网过筛,得到所需瓷料;将瓷料压制直径10mm,高度为6mm的圆柱体,然后在1420℃空气下烧结5h成瓷,得温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷材料。
对比例1
与实施例1的区别仅在于:(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3替换为等摩尔的CaTiO3
对比例2
与实施例1的区别仅在于:(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3替换为等摩尔的SrTiO3
对比例3
与实施例6的区别仅在于:(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3替换为等摩尔的CaTiO3
对比例4
与实施例6的区别仅在于:(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3替换为等摩尔的SrTiO3
表1
如表1所示,对照实施例1与对比例1~2可知,在对照实施例6与对比例3~4可知,本发明的微波介质陶瓷,主相为CaTiO3经离子取代形成的(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3固溶体,或与Nd2Zr2O7复配而成,所述陶瓷介电常数可达到190~208,相较于未经离子替换的CaTiO3或SrTiO3其在保证其温度稳定性的同时介电常水平显著提高,具有较低的损耗和15~160ppm/℃的谐振频率温度系数,绿色无污染,适用于通讯中的天线,或是可使介质谐振器与滤波器等微波元件器件适应更高的频率,能适应微波器件日渐小型化的需求。
申请人声明,本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的详细工艺设备和工艺流程,但本发明并不局限于上述详细工艺设备和工艺流程,即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述详细工艺设备和工艺流程才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了,对本发明的任何改进,对本发明产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等,均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷,其特征在于,所述微波介质陶瓷包括化学式为x(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3-(1-x)Nd2Zr2O7的物质,其中0.95≤x≤1;
所述微波介质陶瓷的谐振频率温度系数为15~160ppm/℃,相对介电常数为190~208。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将CaCO3,SrCO3,和TiO2按照(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3进行化学计量比配料,混合后球磨,烘干,预烧,得到(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3
(2)将Nd2O3和ZrO2按照Nd2Zr2O7进行化学计量比配料,混合后球磨,烘干,预烧,得到Nd2Zr2O7
(3)将步骤(1)所得(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3和步骤(2)所得Nd2Zr2O7按照x(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3-(1-x)Nd2Zr2O7进行化学计量比配料,其中0.95≤x≤1,然后球磨,烘干,所得粉料进行造粒,压制成胚体;
(4)将步骤(3)所得胚体烧结成瓷,得到温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷。
3.如权利要求2所述的温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述预烧的温度为1180~1200℃,时间为4~6h;
优选地,步骤(1)所述预烧的温度为1180~1190℃,时间为4~4.5h;
优选地,步骤(1)所述预烧前还包括进行过筛;
优选地,所述过筛为过120目的筛网。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述预烧的温度为1280~1300℃,时间为4~6h;
优选地,步骤(2)所述预烧的温度为1290~1300℃,时间为4~4.5h;
优选地,步骤(2)所述预烧前还包括进行过筛;
优选地,所述过筛为过120目的筛网。
5.如权利要求2~4任一项所述的温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述造粒包括:向所述粉料中加入质量浓度为10~15%的聚乙烯醇水溶液进行造粒;
优选地,所述聚乙烯醇水溶液的质量浓度为11~13%。
6.如权利要求2~5任一项所述的温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述胚体为圆柱状。
7.如权利要求2~6任一项所述的温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)所述烧结的温度为1400~1450℃,时间为4~6h;
优选地,步骤(4)所述烧结的时间为4.5~5.5h。
8.如权利要求2~7任一项所述的温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)、步骤(2)所述的预烧和步骤(4)所述的烧结均在大气气氛中进行。
9.如权利要求2~8任一项所述的温度稳定型高介电常数微波介质陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)、步骤(2)所述的预烧均在刚玉坩埚中进行;
优选地,步骤(4)所述的烧结在刚玉板上进行。
10.如权利要求1所述微波介质陶瓷材料在微波介质天线、微波隔离器、微波移相器、介质滤波器和介质谐振器中的应用。
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