CN108051945B - 一种显示组件、液晶显示器和电子设备 - Google Patents

一种显示组件、液晶显示器和电子设备 Download PDF

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CN108051945B
CN108051945B CN201810001526.XA CN201810001526A CN108051945B CN 108051945 B CN108051945 B CN 108051945B CN 201810001526 A CN201810001526 A CN 201810001526A CN 108051945 B CN108051945 B CN 108051945B
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substrate
light
liquid crystal
display
electrochromic
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CN108051945A (zh
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肖丽
玄明花
陈小川
杨盛际
王磊
卢鹏程
刘冬妮
陈亮
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
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    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种显示组件、液晶显示器和电子设备，其中所述显示组件包括：相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，以及设置在第一基板和第二基板之间的液晶层；其中，所述第一基板朝向第二基板的一侧设置有第一遮光部、第二遮光部和电致变色部，所述电致变色部位于所述第一遮光部和第二遮光部之间；所述第二基板朝向第一基板的一侧设置有第三遮光部、第四遮光部和透光部，该透光部位于第三遮光部和第四遮光部之间；并且所述第二基板上还设置有用于调节所述液晶层的液晶状态的公共电极和像素电极。本发明具备结构简单、成本低和透光率好的特点。

Description

一种显示组件、液晶显示器和电子设备
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及显示设备领域，特别涉及一种下式组件、液晶显示器和电子设备。
背景技术
随着显示技术的不断发展，透明屏幕成为各显示面板厂商研究的重点，透明屏与传统的液晶相比，透明屏可以给用户带来前所未有的视觉感受和全新的体验。由于透明屏本身具有屏幕和透明的特性，因此可以应用到很多场合，即可以作为屏幕使用，同时可以替代透明平板玻璃。用户可以通过屏幕看到位于相对表面的物体或图像。在现有的透明显示组件中，户外能见度是一个需要重点解决的问题，而透过率也是影响这一性能的主要因素之一，现有的LCD透过率最高仅15％，极大地限制了其在车载等透明显示领域的应用。
如图1所示，为现有技术中的LCD的结构图，其中包括光源1、导光板2、上偏振片3、下偏振片4、CF基板5、液晶层6以及TFT基板7。其中存在的如下的技术问题：
(1)由于使用了上偏振片和下偏振片两层偏光片，其具有成本高、整体透过率低的缺陷，其中入射光经过两次偏振片透过率33％左右，透过率交低。
(2)为了增加出光均匀性，背光模组中需要增加很多膜层(棱镜膜，散射膜，反射片)，背景光基本无法透过显示器，无法实现透明显示。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种不需要使用偏光片且能够提高透光率的显示组件、液晶显示器和电子设备。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供了如下的技术方案：
一种显示组件，其包括：相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，以及设置在第一基板和第二基板之间的液晶层；
其中，所述第一基板朝向所述第二基板的一侧设置有第一遮光部、第二遮光部和电致变色部，所述电致变色部位于所述第一遮光部和第二遮光部之间；
所述第二基板朝向所述第一基板的一侧设置有第三遮光部、第四遮光部和透光部，该透光部位于第三遮光部和第四遮光部之间；
并且所述第二基板上还设置有用于调节所述液晶层的液晶状态的公共电极和像素电极。
在一优选实施例中，所述电致变色部包括电致变色层，以及设置在电致变色层两侧的第一电极板和第二电极板。
在一优选实施例中，第一电极板和第二电极板为透明电极板。
在一优选实施例中，所述第一遮光部、第二遮光部、第三遮光部以及第四遮光部构造为黑矩阵。
在一优选实施例中，所述透光部设置有光栅组件，该光栅组件用于使得从透光部入射的光线为垂直于第一基板和第二基板的光线。
在一优选实施例中，包括多个所述像素电极，该多个所述像素电极构造为相互平行设置的电极条。
在一优选实施例中，所述公共电极构造为板状结构，各所述像素电极平行和所述板状结构之间设置有绝缘层，且所述像素电极平行设置在所述绝缘层上。
在一优选实施例中，所述第一基板朝向所述液晶层的一侧还设置有树脂层，所述树脂层覆盖于所述第一遮光部、第二遮光部和电致变色部上。
在一优选实施例中，所述第一基板和第二基板为玻璃板。
在一优选实施例中，所述第一电极板和第二电极板分别与第一控制器连接，所述第一控制器配置为调节施加至第一电极板和第二电极板上的电压值。
在一优选实施例中，所述公共电极和各像素电极分别与第二控制器连接，所述第二控制器配置为根据接收的第二控制指令调节施加至公共电极和各像素电极的电压值。
本发明实施例还提供了一种液晶显示器，其包括如上述实施例所述的显示组件。
本发明实施例还提供了一种电子设备，其包括如上述实施例所述的液晶显示器。
与现有技术相比，本发明实施例的有益效果在于：
本发明实施例中，利用液晶的不同状态形成液晶棱镜，从而实现对于光线光路的控制，其中不需要使用偏光片，在提高显示组件整体透过率的同时，还能实现透明显示；
另外，本发明实施例还可以通过不同的电压控制液晶层不同液晶形态(状态)，能够实现准直光出射固定发射角或出射较大散射角度的光，来实现不同灰阶的显示功能。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中的LCD组件的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例中的一种显示组件的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例中的电致变色部的结构示意图；
图4为L255灰阶时的状态示意图；
图5为L0灰阶时的状态示意图；
图6为L1-254灰阶时的状态示意图。
具体实施方式
下面，结合附图对本发明的具体实施例进行详细的描述，但不作为本发明的限定。
应理解的是，可以对此处公开的实施例做出各种修改。因此，上述说明书不应该视为限制，而仅是作为实施例的范例。本领域的技术人员将想到在本公开的范围和精神内的其他修改。
包含在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本公开的实施例，并且与上面给出的对本公开的大致描述以及下面给出的对实施例的详细描述一起用于解释本公开的原理。
通过下面参照附图对给定为非限制性实例的实施例的优选形式的描述，本发明的这些和其它特性将会变得显而易见。
还应当理解，尽管已经参照一些具体实例对本发明进行了描述，但本领域技术人员能够确定地实现本发明的很多其它等效形式，它们具有如权利要求所述的特征并因此都位于借此所限定的保护范围内。
当结合附图时，鉴于以下详细说明，本公开的上述和其他方面、特征和优势将变得更为显而易见。
此后参照附图描述本公开的具体实施例；然而，应当理解，所公开的实施例仅仅是本公开的实例，其可采用多种方式实施。熟知和/或重复的功能和结构并未详细描述以避免不必要或多余的细节使得本公开模糊不清。因此，本文所公开的具体的结构性和功能性细节并非意在限定，而是仅仅作为权利要求的基础和代表性基础用于教导本领域技术人员以实质上任意合适的详细结构多样地使用本公开。
本说明书可使用词组“在一种实施例中”、“在另一个实施例中”、“在又一实施例中”或“在其他实施例中”，其均可指代根据本公开的相同或不同实施例中的一个或多个。
下面，结合附图详细的说明本发明实施例，本发明实施例提供了一种显示组件，该显示组件为透明显示组件，并且其中无需设置偏光片，通过设置液晶层的液晶的形态形成显示组件的不同灰度，并且还能保证较高的透光率，具备成本低、结构简单且透光率高的特点。
如图2所示，为本发明实施例中的显示组件的结构示意图，其中，本发明实施例中的显示组件可以包括：相对设置的第一基板10和第二基板20，以及设置在第一基板10和第二基板20之间的液晶层(LC)30。
其中，第一基板10和第二基板20均为透明材料构成，例如可以构造为透明玻璃板。其中，第一基板10朝向所述第二基板20的一侧设置有第一遮光部11、第二遮光部12和电致变色部13，且电致变色部13位于所述第一遮光部11和第二遮光部12之间。其中，第一遮光部11和第二遮光部12为不透光部，例如可以由不透光材料构成，本发明实施例中第一遮光部11和第二遮光部12可以构造为黑矩阵BM，其可以构造为金属薄膜或者也可以是氧化膜、树脂型薄膜和黑色光阻薄膜。
如图3所示，为本发明实施例中的电致变色部的结构示意图，其中电致变色部13可以构造为基于被施加的电压而呈现透明状态和不透明状态，从而实现光线的透过和遮挡。具体的，电致变色部13可以包括131电致变色层，以及夹设在电致变色层131两侧的第一电极板132和第二电极板133。通过第一电极板132和第二电极板133可以对电致变色层131施加不同的电压，从而可以实现电致变色层131的透明状态和不透明状态的转换。其中第一电极板132和第二电极板133均为透明电极板，且第一电极板132和第二电极板133可以分别和一第一控制器电连接，如可以分别与第一控制器的第一端子和第二端子连接，第一端子和第二端子可以分别输出不同的电压值，从而实现对于第一电极板132和第二电极板133的电压控制。
在本发明实施例中，电致变色层131可以包括电致变色玻璃，该电致变色玻璃可以基于第一电极板和第二电极板所施加的电压呈现透明或者不透明状态。
另外，本发明实施例中的第二基板20朝向第一基板10的一侧设置有第三遮光部21、第四遮光部22和透光部23，该透光部23位于第三遮光部21和第四遮光部22之间。在一优选实施例中，透光部23可以和电致变色部13恰好相对设置，其中电致变色部13的长度可以大于或等于透光部23的长度。第二基板20上还可以设置有用于调节液晶层30的液晶状态的公共电极24和像素电极25，本发明实施例的附图中各电极以ITO标识。
其中，同第一遮光部11和第二遮光部12一样，第三遮光部21和第四遮光部22也为不透光部，例如可以由不透光材料构成，本发明实施例中第三遮光部21和第四遮光部22可以构造为黑矩阵BM，其可以构造为金属薄膜或者也可以是氧化膜、树脂型薄膜和黑色光阻薄膜。
另外，公共电极24和像素电极25也为透明电极，并且公共电极24和像素电极25可以对液晶层30施加电压，从而通过对公共电极24和像素电极25施加对应的电压值，可以对应的调节液晶层30中的液晶的状态，如液晶的方向状态、角度状态等，而从透光部23入射的光线经过液晶层30时，由于液晶的不同状态可以对光线形成折射或者反射等影响，从而可以对应的调节透过电致变色部13透过的光线，形成不同的显示灰度。
如图4-6所示，为本发明实施例中显示组件的不同灰阶值的状态示意图。其中，图4为L255灰阶时的状态示意图，图5为L0灰阶时的状态示意图，图6为L1-254灰阶时的状态示意图。
其中，如图4所示，通过对第一基板10的第一电极板132和第二电极板133施加电压，使得电致变色层131为透明状态，此时可以不对液晶层30施加电压，即可以不对公共电极和像素电极施加电压，从透光部23入射的光线可以直接通过电致变色部13射出，从而实现显示组件的L255灰阶。
如图5所示，通过对第一基板10的第一电极板132和第二电极板133施加电压，使得电致变色层131为不透明状态，此时可以不对液晶层30施加电压，即可以不对公共电极和像素电极施加电压，由于电致变色层131为不透明状态，则从透光部23入射的光线无法通过电致变色部13射出，从而实现显示组件的L0灰阶。
如图6所示，通过对第一基板10的第一电极板132和第二电极板133施加电压，使得电致变色层131为透明状态，此时可以对液晶层30施加电压，即可以对公共电极和像素电极施加电压，使得液晶层30内的液晶呈对应的状态，从而在不同的液晶状态下可以实现从透光部23入射的光线中的一部分通过电致变色部13射出，从而实现显示组件的L1-254灰阶。
在本发明实施例中，透光部23可以设置有光栅组件，该光栅组件用于使得从透光部23入射的光线为垂直于第一基板10和第二基板20的光线，基于该配置可以进一步精确地实现显示组件的透光率。
进一步地，在本发明实施例中，在第二基板上可以包括多个像素电极25，该多个像素电极25构造为相互平行设置的电极条。公共电极24可以构造为板状结构，各所述像素电极25平行和板状结构24之间设置有绝缘层26，且像素电极26平行设置在绝缘层26上。通过对公共电极24和各像素电极25的电压进行控制，可以调节对应于不同的像素电极25的位置的液晶的状态。
例如，其中公共电极24和各像素电极25以及绝缘层都为透明材料，其中公共电极24和各像素电极25可以为透明电极，绝缘层26可以为玻璃或者树脂材料。而且公共电极24和各像素电极25可以分别和一第二控制器电连接，如可以分别与第二控制器的不同输出端子连接，各输出端子可以分别输出不同的电压值，从而实现对于公共电极24和各像素电极25的电压控制。在本发明实施例中，第一控制器和第二控制器可以构造为相同或者不同的控制器。而且该控制器可以包括数据处理芯片、单片机或者其他能够输出不同电压值的电子器件。
另外，本发明实施例中，第一基板10朝向液晶层30的一侧还设置有树脂层(resin)14，该树脂层14覆盖于所述第一遮光部11、第二遮光部12和电致变色部13上，起到保护和绝缘的效果。
综上所述，本发明实施例中，利用液晶的不同状态形成液晶棱镜，从而实现对于光线光路的控制，其中不需要使用偏光片，在提高显示组件整体透过率的同时，还能实现透明显示；另外，本发明实施例还可以通过不同的电压控制液晶层不同液晶形态(状态)，能够实现准直光出射固定发射角或出射较大散射角度的光，来实现不同灰阶的显示功能。
另外，本发明实施例还可以提供一种液晶显示器，该液晶显示器可以包括如上述实施例所述的显示组件，以及与所述显示组件电连接的显示驱动组件。该显示驱动组件可以包括上述第一控制器和第二控制器，该第一控制器和第二控制器可以构造为相同或不同的控制器。从而可以实现对于显示组件的显示驱动，以及实现显示组件的不同灰阶显示。
另外，本发明实施例还可以提供一种电子设备，该电子设备可以包括上述液晶显示器。如本发明实施例中的电子设备可以包括手机、电视、任意的计算机或者其他具备显示器的设备。
综上所述，本发明实施例中，利用液晶的不同状态形成液晶棱镜，从而实现对于光线光路的控制，其中不需要使用偏光片，在提高显示组件整体透过率的同时，还能实现透明显示；另外，本发明实施例还可以通过不同的电压控制液晶层不同液晶形态(状态)，能够实现准直光出射固定发射角或出射较大散射角度的光，来实现不同灰阶的显示功能。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的数据处理方法所应用于的电子设备，可以参考前述产品实施例中的对应描述，在此不再赘述。
以上实施例仅为本发明的示例性实施例，不用于限制本发明，本发明的保护范围由权利要求书限定。本领域技术人员可以在本发明的实质和保护范围内，对本发明做出各种修改或等同替换，这种修改或等同替换也应视为落在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (13)

1.一种显示组件，其包括：相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，以及设置在第一基板和第二基板之间的液晶层；
其中，所述第一基板朝向所述第二基板的一侧设置有第一遮光部、第二遮光部和电致变色部，所述电致变色部位于所述第一遮光部和第二遮光部之间；
所述第二基板朝向所述第一基板的一侧设置有第三遮光部、第四遮光部和透光部，该透光部位于第三遮光部和第四遮光部之间；
并且所述第二基板上还设置有用于调节所述液晶层的液晶状态的公共电极和像素电极；
其中，透光部与电致变色部相对设置，电致变色部的长度大于或等于透光部的长度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示组件，其中，所述电致变色部包括电致变色层，以及设置在电致变色层两侧的第一电极板和第二电极板。
3.根据权利要求2所述的显示组件，其中，第一电极板和第二电极板为透明电极板。
4.根据权利要求1所述的显示组件，其中，所述第一遮光部、第二遮光部、第三遮光部以及第四遮光部构造为黑矩阵。
5.根据权利要求1所述的显示组件，其中，所述透光部设置有光栅组件，该光栅组件用于使得从透光部入射的光线为垂直于第一基板和第二基板的光线。
6.根据权利要求1所述的显示组件，其中，包括多个所述像素电极，该多个所述像素电极构造为相互平行设置的电极条。
7.根据权利要求6所述的显示组件，其中，所述公共电极构造为板状结构，各所述像素电极平行和所述板状结构之间设置有绝缘层，且所述像素电极平行设置在所述绝缘层上。
8.根据权利要求1所述的显示组件，其中，所述第一基板朝向所述液晶层的一侧还设置有树脂层，所述树脂层覆盖于所述第一遮光部、第二遮光部和电致变色部上。
9.根据权利要求1所述的显示组件，其中，所述第一基板和第二基板为玻璃板。
10.根据权利要求2所述的显示组件，其中，所述第一电极板和第二电极板分别与第一控制器连接，所述第一控制器配置为调节施加至第一电极板和第二电极板上的电压值。
11.根据权利要求1所述的显示组件，其中，所述公共电极和各像素电极分别与第二控制器连接，所述第二控制器配置为根据接收的第二控制指令调节施加至公共电极和各像素电极的电压值。
12.一种液晶显示器，其包括如权利要求1-11中任意一项所述的显示组件。
13.一种电子设备，其包括如权利要求12所述的液晶显示器。
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