CN113641016B - 显示装置 - Google Patents

显示装置 Download PDF

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CN113641016B
CN113641016B CN202110884692.0A CN202110884692A CN113641016B CN 113641016 B CN113641016 B CN 113641016B CN 202110884692 A CN202110884692 A CN 202110884692A CN 113641016 B CN113641016 B CN 113641016B
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substrate
light
pixel electrode
display device
display panel
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CN113641016A (zh
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程薇
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1323Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133553Reflecting elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133605Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343Electrodes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13718Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a change of the texture state of a cholesteric liquid crystal

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供一种显示装置。所述显示装置包括准直背光组件以及设置于准直背光组件的出光侧的显示面板,显示面板包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板以及设置于第一基板和第二基板之间的公共电极层和像素电极,第一基板位于准直背光组件和第二基板之间;像素电极阵列分布于第一基板面向第二基板的一侧;其中,任一像素电极面向第二基板的一侧设置有与像素电极一一对应的视角切换组件,视角切换组件能根据像素电极与公共电极层之间的压差在透态和雾态之间切换。本发明通过控制像素电极与公共电极层之间的压差,从而可以控制视角切换组件在透态和雾态之间切换,可以对光线的出光角度进行调整,从而实现宽窄视角范围可调控的特性。

Description

显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,尤其涉及一种显示装置。
背景技术
在快速发展的信息时代,人们开始越来越注重个人信息的保护。因此,一类具有防窥功能的显示器应运而生,这类显示器可以仅让正视角的用户具有显示内容可读性,而处于侧边的旁观者则无法读取显示内容,有效保护了用户的信息隐私性。
传统的防窥显示通常需要安装一层防窥保护膜,并且无法自动进行防窥显示模式和正常显示模式的切换。而另一类具有防窥和切换的显示技术则需要在背光模组和显示面板之间或在显示面板上方增设切换组件,这类显示器不仅会增加产品的厚度,还会影响显示效果,例如对比度降低、产生色偏、分辨率较差等。故,有必要改善这一缺陷。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种显示装置,用于解决现有技术的显示装置的防窥切换组件不仅会增加产品的厚度,还会影响显示效果的技术问题。
本发明实施例提供一种显示装置,包括准直背光组件以及设置于所述准直背光组件的出光侧的显示面板,所述显示面板包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板以及设置于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的公共电极层和像素电极,所述第一基板位于所述准直背光组件和所述第二基板之间;所述像素电极阵列分布于所述第一基板面向所述第二基板的一侧;其中,任一所述像素电极面向所述第二基板的一侧设置有与所述像素电极一一对应的视角切换组件,所述视角切换组件能根据所述像素电极与所述公共电极层之间的压差在透态和雾态之间切换。
在本发明实施例提供的显示装置中,所述视角切换组件包括胆甾相液晶膜。
在本发明实施例提供的显示装置中,所述视角切换组件还包括位于所述像素电极和所述胆甾相液晶膜之间的透光台以及位于所述透光台的侧部的反射遮挡层。
在本发明实施例提供的显示装置中,所述透光台的纵截面形状为矩形或梯形,所述透光台远离所述像素电极的一侧的截面宽度小于或等于所述透光台靠近所述像素电极的一侧的截面宽度。
在本发明实施例提供的显示装置中,所述公共电极层位于所述第二基板面向所述第一基板的一侧。
在本发明实施例提供的显示装置中,所述公共电极层位于所述第一基板和所述像素电极之间。
在本发明实施例提供的显示装置中,所述显示面板还包括位于所述视角切换组件和所述第二基板之间的显示液晶层。
在本发明实施例提供的显示装置中,所述准直背光组件包括反射膜、位于所述反射膜与所述显示面板之间的导光板、位于所述导光板一侧的背光源以及位于所述导光板与所述显示面板之间的逆棱镜膜。
在本发明实施例提供的显示装置中,所述准直背光组件包括背光模组以及位于所述背光模组与所述显示面板之间的准直膜。
在本发明实施例提供的显示装置中,所述准直膜为百叶窗准直膜,所述百叶窗准直膜包括交替排列的遮光区和透光区。
有益效果:本发明实施例提供的一种显示装置,包括准直背光组件以及设置于准直背光组件的出光侧的显示面板,显示面板包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板以及设置于第一基板和第二基板之间的公共电极层和像素电极,第一基板位于准直背光组件和第二基板之间;像素电极阵列分布于第一基板面向第二基板的一侧;其中,任一像素电极面向第二基板的一侧设置有与像素电极一一对应的视角切换组件,视角切换组件能根据像素电极与公共电极层之间的压差在透态和雾态之间切换。本发明通过将视角切换组件设置在像素电极面向第二基板的一侧,通过控制像素电极与公共电极层之间的压差,从而可以控制视角切换组件在透态和雾态之间切换,可以对光线的出光角度进行调整,从而实现宽窄视角范围可调控的特性,而且不会额外增加产品的厚度,不会影响显示效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
图1是本发明实施例提供的显示装置的基本结构示意图。
图2是本发明实施例提供的视角切换组件为透态的示意图。
图3是本发明实施例提供的视角切换组件为雾态的示意图。
图4是本发明实施例提供的另一准直背光组件的基本结构示意图。
图5是本发明实施例提供的显示装置的显示模式的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。在附图中,为了清晰及便于理解和描述,附图中绘示的组件的尺寸和厚度并未按照比例。
如图1所示,为本发明实施例提供的显示装置的基本结构示意图,所述显示装置100包括准直背光组件10以及设置于所述准直背光组件10的出光侧的显示面板20。所述显示面板20包括相对设置的第一基板201和第二基板202以及设置于所述第一基板201和所述第二基板202之间的公共电极层204和像素电极203,所述第一基板201位于所述准直背光组件10和所述第二基板202之间。所述像素电极203阵列分布于所述第一基板201面向所述第二基板202的一侧(图1中仅绘示一个像素电极203为例进行说明)。其中,任一所述像素电极203面向所述第二基板202的一侧设置有与所述像素电极203一一对应的视角切换组件205(图1中仅绘示一个视角切换组件205为例进行说明),所述视角切换组件205能根据所述像素电极203与所述公共电极层204之间的压差在透态和雾态之间切换。
需要说明的是,所述准直背光组件10用于提供准直光线(即垂直于显示面板20所在平面的小视角光线)。当所述视角切换组件205为透态时,所述准直光线可以透过,相应的,此时显示装置100为窄视角隐私模式(即防窥显示模式);当所述视角切换组件205为雾态时,所述准直光线被散射,相应的,此时显示装置100为宽视角分享模式(即正常显示模式)。
在一种实施例中,所述显示面板20还包括位于所述视角切换组件205和所述第二基板202之间的显示液晶层206。可以理解的是,现有技术一般将防窥切换组件设置在背光模组和显示面板之间或设置在显示面板上方,同时额外设置电场以控制防窥切换组件切换,不仅会增加显示装置整体的厚度,还会影响显示效果。本发明实施例通过将视角切换组件205集成在显示面板20内,通过控制像素电极203和公共电极层204之间的压差,以控制视角切换组件205切换,不需要额外设置电场,可以与显示液晶层206共用电场,而且视角切换组件205所需的切换电压为高电压(例如15~20伏),而显示液晶层206所需的驱动电压相对较低,无法对视角切换组件205进行切换,因此,视角切换组件205与显示液晶层206之间不会相互影响,既不会增加显示装置100的厚度,也不会影响显示装置100的显示效果。
在一种实施例中,所述视角切换组件205包括胆甾相液晶膜2051。需要说明的是,胆甾相液晶具有独特的螺旋结构,导致它具有旋光性、选择性光散射以及圆偏振光二色性,且会随外界的刺激而发生变化。预固化后的胆甾相液晶膜2051具有光电特性,在加电与断电时,可在场致向列态和焦锥态之间切换,场致向列态下,入射光可透过,呈现透态,在电压降低时,可得到焦锥态,入射光被散射,呈现雾态。另外,由于胆甾相液晶具有双稳态,在电极加压后,撤电,它会在焦锥态、平面态稳定。而且与普通聚合物液晶相比,胆甾相液晶的透态与雾态,没有聚合物网格的颜色以及颗粒感的影响,显示效果更佳。
在一种实施例中,所述视角切换组件205还包括位于所述像素电极203和所述胆甾相液晶膜2051之间的透光台2052以及位于所述透光台2052的侧部的反射遮挡层2053。可以理解的是,本发明实施例通过设置透光台2052以及在透光台2052的侧部制作具有反射以及遮挡效果的反射遮挡层2053,既可以使入射的太阳光在反射遮挡层2053的表面被反射,又可以对准直背光组件10的出射光的角度进一步限制,提高显示装置100的防窥效果。
在一种实施例中,所述透光台2052的纵截面形状为矩形或梯形(如图1),所述透光台2052远离所述像素电极203的一侧的截面宽度小于或等于所述透光台2052靠近所述像素电极203的一侧的截面宽度。当所述透光台2052的纵截面形状为矩形时,所述透光台2052的侧部与所述准直背光组件10所在的平面垂直,即可以使所述准直背光组件10的出射光进一步垂直出射。当所述透光台2052的纵截面形状为梯形时,所述透光台2052的侧部相对于所述准直背光组件10所在的平面倾斜设置,具有更好的反射太阳光的效果。需要说明的是,纵截面指的是垂直于所述准直背光组件10所在平面的平面。
在一种实施例中,所述公共电极层204位于所述第二基板202面向所述第一基板201的一侧。可以理解的是,第二基板202即为彩膜基板,所述公共电极层204设置在彩膜基板一侧,通过与像素电极203之间形成竖直方向的电场以控制显示液晶层206偏转或控制视角切换组件205切换。具体的,所述公共电极层204为整面沉积,所述公共电极层204远离所述第二基板202的一侧还设置有彩色色阻207以及黑色矩阵208。
在其它实施例中,所述公共电极层204还可以位于所述第一基板201和所述像素电极203之间。可以理解的是,第一基板201即为阵列基板,所述公共电极层204设置在阵列基板一侧,通过与像素电极203之间形成水平方向的电场以控制显示液晶层206偏转或控制视角切换组件205切换。具体的,所述公共电极层204设置在所述第一基板201与所述像素电极203之间的任意两层绝缘层之间,所述公共电极层204可以为整面沉积,也可以为多个图案化的子公共电极。
在一种实施例中,所述准直背光组件10包括反射膜101、位于所述反射膜101与所述显示面板20之间的导光板102、位于所述导光板102一侧的背光源103以及位于所述导光板102与所述显示面板20之间的逆棱镜膜104。可以理解的是,从背光源103发出的光进入导光板102内,导光板102改变入射光的传播方向,以射向逆棱镜膜104,从导光板102出射的光经逆棱镜膜104内全反射后射出,通过聚合垂直方向和水平方向的光,以形成准直光。所述反射膜101是用于反射从所述导光板102中泄漏出来的光,以提高光源的利用率。
在一种实施例中,所述导光板102面向所述反射膜101的一侧形成有周期性的微结构1021。具体的,所述微结构1021具有相互连接的第一表面和第二表面,所述第一表面与所述反射膜101所在的平面之间形成一个小于15度的夹角,所述第二表面与所述反射膜101所在的平面垂直,所述微结构1021能提升光线向上的亮度。
接下来,请参阅图2,为本发明实施例提供的视角切换组件为透态的示意图,显示面板20包括相对设置的第一基板201和第二基板202以及设置于所述第一基板201和所述第二基板202之间的公共电极层204和像素电极203。所述像素电极203阵列分布于所述第一基板201面向所述第二基板202的一侧(图2中仅绘示一个像素电极203为例进行说明)。其中,任一所述像素电极203面向所述第二基板202的一侧设置有与所述像素电极203一一对应的视角切换组件205(图2中仅绘示一个视角切换组件205为例进行说明),当所述像素电极203与所述公共电极层204之间的压差为高电压(例如15~20伏)时,所述视角切换组件205为透态,即准直光线L1可以透过,相应的,此时显示面板20为窄视角隐私模式(即防窥显示模式)。
所述视角切换组件205包括胆甾相液晶膜2051、位于所述像素电极203和所述胆甾相液晶膜2051之间的透光台2052以及位于所述透光台2052的侧部的反射遮挡层2053。可以理解的是,本发明实施例通过设置透光台2052以及在透光台2052的侧部制作具有反射以及遮挡效果的反射遮挡层2053,既可以使入射的太阳光L2在反射遮挡层2053的表面被反射,又可以对准直光线L1的出射角度进一步限制,提高显示面板20的防窥效果。
接下来,请参阅图3,为本发明实施例提供的视角切换组件为雾态的示意图,显示面板20包括相对设置的第一基板201和第二基板202以及设置于所述第一基板201和所述第二基板202之间的公共电极层204和像素电极203。所述像素电极203阵列分布于所述第一基板201面向所述第二基板202的一侧(图3中仅绘示一个像素电极203为例进行说明)。其中,任一所述像素电极203面向所述第二基板202的一侧设置有与所述像素电极203一一对应的视角切换组件205(图3中仅绘示一个视角切换组件205为例进行说明),当所述像素电极203与所述公共电极层204之间的压差为0(即未加电)时,所述视角切换组件205为雾态,即准直光线L1被散射,相应的,此时显示面板20为宽视角分享模式(即正常显示模式)。
所述视角切换组件205包括胆甾相液晶膜2051、位于所述像素电极203和所述胆甾相液晶膜2051之间的透光台2052以及位于所述透光台2052的侧部的反射遮挡层2053。可以理解的是,本发明实施例通过设置透光台2052以及在透光台2052的侧部制作具有反射以及遮挡效果的反射遮挡层2053,既可以使入射的太阳光在反射遮挡层2053的表面被反射,又可以对准直光线L1的出射角度进一步限制,提高显示面板20的防窥效果。
接下来,请参阅图4,为本发明实施例提供的另一准直背光组件的基本结构示意图,所述准直背光组件10包括背光模组11以及位于所述背光模组11与显示面板20(如图1)之间的准直膜。其中,所述背光模组11为直下式背光模组或侧入式背光模组。
在一种实施例中,所述准直膜为百叶窗准直膜12,所述百叶窗准直膜12包括交替排列的遮光区A1和透光区A2。可以理解的是,从背光模组11出射的光只能从透光区A2射出,因此,交替排列的遮光区A1和透光区A2可以限制出射光的角度,进而形成准直光线。
接下来,请参阅图5,为本发明实施例提供的显示装置的显示模式的示意图,本发明实施例提供的显示装置100至少包括三种显示模式,即窄视角隐私模式M1、单人分享模式M2以及双人分享模式M3。用户可以根据视角需求范围,通过调整像素电极203(如图1)和公共电极层204(如图1)之间的压差,对视角切换组件205(如图1)的雾态的散射程度进行适当调节,以实现在三种显示模式M1、M2、M3之间切换。
本发明实施例提供的显示装置100可以为:手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、数码相机、导航仪等具有显示功能的产品或部件。
综上所述,本发明实施例提供的一种显示装置,包括准直背光组件以及设置于准直背光组件的出光侧的显示面板,显示面板包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板以及设置于第一基板和第二基板之间的公共电极层和像素电极,第一基板位于准直背光组件和第二基板之间;像素电极阵列分布于第一基板面向第二基板的一侧;其中,任一像素电极面向第二基板的一侧设置有与像素电极一一对应的视角切换组件,视角切换组件能根据像素电极与公共电极层之间的压差在透态和雾态之间切换。本发明通过将视角切换组件设置在像素电极面向第二基板的一侧,通过控制像素电极与公共电极层之间的压差,从而可以控制视角切换组件在透态和雾态之间切换,可以对光线的出光角度进行调整,从而实现宽窄视角范围可调控的特性,而且不会额外增加产品的厚度,不会影响显示效果,解决了现有技术的显示装置的防窥切换组件不仅会增加产品的厚度,还会影响显示效果的技术问题。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的一种显示装置进行了详细介绍。应理解,本文所述的示例性实施方式应仅被认为是描述性的,用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想,而并不用于限制本发明。

Claims (8)

1.一种显示装置,其特征在于,包括准直背光组件以及设置于所述准直背光组件的出光侧的显示面板,所述显示面板包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板以及设置于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的公共电极层和像素电极,所述第一基板位于所述准直背光组件和所述第二基板之间;
所述像素电极阵列分布于所述第一基板面向所述第二基板的一侧;
其中,任一所述像素电极面向所述第二基板的一侧设置有与所述像素电极一一对应的视角切换组件,所述视角切换组件能根据所述像素电极与所述公共电极层之间的压差在透态和雾态之间切换,所述视角切换组件包括胆甾相液晶膜;
所述显示面板还包括位于所述视角切换组件和所述第二基板之间的显示液晶层。
2.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述视角切换组件还包括位于所述像素电极和所述胆甾相液晶膜之间的透光台以及位于所述透光台的侧部的反射遮挡层。
3.如权利要求2所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述透光台的纵截面形状为矩形或梯形,所述透光台远离所述像素电极的一侧的截面宽度小于或等于所述透光台靠近所述像素电极的一侧的截面宽度。
4.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述公共电极层位于所述第二基板面向所述第一基板的一侧。
5.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述公共电极层位于所述第一基板和所述像素电极之间。
6.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述准直背光组件包括反射膜、位于所述反射膜与所述显示面板之间的导光板、位于所述导光板一侧的背光源以及位于所述导光板与所述显示面板之间的逆棱镜膜。
7.如权利要求1所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述准直背光组件包括背光模组以及位于所述背光模组与所述显示面板之间的准直膜。
8.如权利要求7所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述准直膜为百叶窗准直膜,所述百叶窗准直膜包括交替排列的遮光区和透光区。
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CN105807511A (zh) * 2016-04-13 2016-07-27 昆山龙腾光电有限公司 显示面板、显示装置及其驱动方法
CN207249281U (zh) * 2017-09-25 2018-04-17 昆山龙腾光电有限公司 视角可切换的液晶显示装置
CN112363334A (zh) * 2020-11-10 2021-02-12 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种显示装置
CN112558337A (zh) * 2020-12-24 2021-03-26 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 视角可切换的液晶显示装置及其驱动方法
CN112925125A (zh) * 2021-03-25 2021-06-08 维沃移动通信有限公司 显示装置及电子设备

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