CN108051251A - A kind of convertible unconsolidated sediment sampler - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sampling device, especially a flip-type loose sediment sampling device, comprising a sampling end cover, a first sampling cylinder, a steel wire rope, a second sampling cylinder, and a sampler. The lower end of the sampling end cover is installed on the first The upper end of the sampling cylinder, the lower end of the first sampling cylinder is threadedly connected to the upper end of the second sampling cylinder, the lower end of the second sampling cylinder is threadedly connected to the upper end of the sampler, the upper end of the steel wire rope is connected to the sampling end cover, and the lower end is connected to the sampler connect. Beneficial effects: simple structure and convenient operation, the number of second sampling cylinders can be increased or decreased according to the sampling depth to meet the needs of different sampling depths; the sampling cylinder can be split into two parts, which can ensure that the sample will not be damaged when taken out of the sampling cylinder Its shape can obtain a relatively complete columnar sample; the bottom of the sampling device can be tightly sealed during the process of pulling out from the sediment, which can effectively prevent the loss of loose sediment samples and ensure that the collected samples can better maintain their original properties.

Description

A flip-type loose sediment sampling device

technical field

The invention relates to a sampling device, in particular to a flip-type loose sediment sampling device.

Background technique

Loose sediments such as sand and mud are of great significance for revealing environmental changes, depositional processes, and pollutant migration. The sampling often requires keeping the original sequence and sedimentary thickness of the sediments as well as possible. At present, sediment samplers are mainly divided into two types: grab type and column type. The grab type sampler has a simple structure, but it has a large disturbance to the sample, the sampling depth is limited, and there is a problem of sample loss due to low airtightness. Used to collect surface samples of sediment; columnar samplers are used to obtain sediment samples by inserting vertically into the sediment. Generally, the columnar sampler has a complex structure and a large volume, and requires an external power supply and is relatively expensive; some columnar samplers with simple structures usually lack an effective sediment sealing device at the bottom of the sampling tube, so that loose sediment is pulled out when the sampler is pulled out. At the same time, the sampling cylinder of the traditional sampler cannot be disassembled, which inevitably destroys the shape of the sample when it is taken out of the sampling cylinder, and it is difficult to obtain a relatively complete columnar sample.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve the above problems, and provides a flip-type loose sediment sampling device. The sampler has a simple structure and is easy to use. The bottom of the sampling device can effectively prevent the loss of loose sediment samples. The sampling cylinder can be split into two parts to ensure that the shape of the sample is not damaged when taken out of the sampling cylinder, so that the collected samples can better maintain their original properties and obtain A relatively complete columnar sample. The technical scheme adopted is as follows:

A flip-type loose sediment sampling device, comprising a sampling end cover, a first sampling cylinder, a steel wire rope, a second sampling cylinder, and a sampler, the lower end of the sampling end cover is installed on the upper end of the first sampling cylinder, and the first sampling cylinder The lower end is threadedly connected to the upper end of the second sampling tube, the lower end of the second sampling tube is threaded to the upper end of the sampler, the upper end of the steel wire rope is connected to the sampling end cap, and the lower end is connected to the sampler;

The first sampling cylinder includes a first sampling left cylinder, a first sampling right cylinder, and a first connecting bolt, and the first sampling left cylinder and the first sampling right cylinder are fixedly connected together by a first connecting bolt. There are five threaded holes on one side of the sampling cylinder, and the threaded holes at the uppermost end close to the sampling end cover are not equipped with the first connecting bolts to avoid dimensional interference when installing the sampling end cover. The first sampling left cylinder and the first sampling right The size of the barrel structure is the same, the upper end is provided with internal threads, and the lower end is provided with external threads, and after the two are installed together, the internal threads at the upper end form a complete and continuous thread, and the external threads at the lower end also form a complete and continuous thread;

The second sampling cylinder includes a second sampling left cylinder, a second sampling right cylinder, and a second connecting bolt, and the second sampling left cylinder and the second sampling right cylinder are fixedly connected together by a second connecting bolt. There are five threaded holes on one side of the two sampling cylinders, and the second connecting bolts are installed on each side. The second sampling left cylinder and the second sampling right cylinder have the same structural size, and the upper end is provided with internal threads, and the lower end is provided with external threads. , and after the two are installed together, the internal thread at the upper end forms a complete and continuous thread, and the external thread at the lower end also forms a complete and continuous thread;

The sampler includes a sampling outer cylinder, a sampling inner cylinder, a driving gear, a driving gear shaft, a driven gear, a driven gear shaft, a bottom cover plate, a sampling partition, a shaft sleeve, a first flat key, and a second flat key. The upper end of the sampling inner cylinder is threadedly connected to the lower end of the second sampling cylinder, the upper end of the sampling outer cylinder is provided with internal threads, the upper end of the sampling inner cylinder is provided with external threads, and the sampling outer cylinder is set on the outside of the sampling inner cylinder through threaded connection, The lower ends of the sampling outer cylinder and the sampling inner cylinder are provided with a 45° chamfer, and the lower surfaces of the chamfers are coplanar, which can reduce the lowering resistance during sampling and improve sampling efficiency. The driving gear passes through the first flat The key is installed on the shaft sleeve and meshes with the driven gear. The shaft sleeve is installed outside the driving gear shaft and can rotate around the driving gear shaft. There are two symmetrically arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the sampling inner cylinder. The driving gear shaft installation hole and two symmetrically arranged driven gear shaft installation holes, the driving gear shaft is installed in the driving gear shaft installation hole in a non-rotatable manner, and the back cover plate includes the back cover plate body and the back cover plate through hole , the through hole of the back cover plate is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the back cover plate body, and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the back cover plate body, the sampling partition is fixedly connected to the inner cylindrical surface of the sampling inner cylinder, and its upper and lower sides The ends are respectively inverted at right angles, which is convenient for reducing the sampling resistance, and divides the inner cavity of the sampling inner cylinder equally. There is a round hole for installing the bottom cover plate in the middle of the sampling partition. The bottom cover plate is installed in the round hole and can be flipped inside. The driven gear is installed on the driven gear shaft through the second flat key, and the driven gear shaft is installed on the bottom cover after passing through the driven gear shaft mounting hole. In the through hole of the plate, and the driven gear shaft and the mounting hole of the driven gear shaft have clearance fit, the driven gear shaft and the through hole of the back cover plate have an interference fit, the transmission ratio of the driving gear shaft and the driven gear is 1:1, It is convenient to control the rotation angle of the back cover plate, improve the accuracy of the back cover, and prevent the loss of loose sediment samples.

Preferably, the sampling end cap includes an end cap body, a rectangular groove, an annular groove, a hook, and a handle, and four handles are uniformly arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the end cap body, and the outer cylindrical surface of the handle is arranged There are spiral grooves, which can improve the holding force. The lower end of the end cover body is provided with two hooks, two rectangular grooves and an annular groove. The connecting line of the two rectangular grooves is connected with the two hooks The lines are perpendicular to each other.

Preferably, the sampling outer cylinder includes a connector, a hollow cylindrical sleeve, a hollow conical sleeve, and a wire rope installation hole, the upper end of the hollow cylindrical sleeve is fixedly connected with the lower end of the connector, and the lower end is fixedly connected with the upper end of the hollow conical sleeve, The connecting head is symmetrically provided with two wire rope installation holes, and the diameter of the wire rope installation holes is larger than the diameter of the wire rope.

Preferably, the driving gear shaft includes a driving gear shaft body and a driving gear shaft chuck, the driving gear shaft body and the driving gear shaft chuck are integrally formed, the driving gear shaft body is a solid cylinder, and the driving gear shaft The chuck is a structure of revolution with a right-angled triangle in cross section, and the included angle between the hypotenuse and the long right-angled side of the right-angled triangle is 15°.

Preferably, the bushing includes a bushing body, a bushing groove, a bushing baffle, and a bushing clip, the bushing body and the bushing baffle are integrally formed, and a cylinder is arranged on the bushing body Shaped bushing groove, the bushing baffle is an annular plate, and its inner ring is provided with a bushing clip, and the bushing clip is a revolving body structure with a right-angled triangle in cross section, and the right-angled The angle between the hypotenuse and the long side of a triangle is 18°.

Preferably, the lower end of the steel wire rope is wound on the shaft sleeve after passing through the steel wire rope installation hole of the sampling outer cylinder, and the upper end of the steel wire rope is wound on the hook at the lower end of the sampling end cover.

The present invention has the following advantages:

1. The present invention is simple in structure and easy to operate, and can meet the needs of different sampling depths by increasing or decreasing the number of the second sampling cylinder according to the sampling depth; Destroy its shape to obtain a relatively complete columnar sample; the bottom of the sampling device can be tightly sealed during the process of pulling out the sediment, which can effectively prevent the loss of loose sediment samples and ensure that the collected samples can better maintain their original properties.

2. The transmission ratio between the driving gear and the driven gear of the present invention is 1:1. It is only necessary to ensure that the driving gear turns 90° to realize the bottom sealing, so it is convenient to control the rotation angle of the bottom sealing plate, improve the accuracy of the bottom sealing, and prevent loosening The loss of sediment samples; the use of two wire ropes and two pairs of gear transmission can balance the force of the back cover plate, further improve the accuracy of the back cover and prevent the loss of loose sediment samples.

3. The clamping head of the bushing of the present invention and the clamping head of the driving gear shaft of the driving gear shaft are fastened together, which can ensure that the bushing will not fall off from the driving gear shaft while the bushing rotates on the driving gear shaft; The inclination angle of 18° of the shaft sleeve chuck is greater than the 15° inclination angle of the driving gear shaft chuck, which is more convenient to fit the shaft sleeve on the driving gear shaft, reduces installation difficulty and improves installation efficiency.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1: overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2: a sectional view of the overall structure after the back cover of the present invention;

Fig. 3: Partial sectional view of the sampler after the back cover of the present invention;

Figure 4: a partial sectional view of the sampler before the back cover of the present invention;

Fig. 5: Schematic diagram of the structure of the gear transmission part of the present invention;

Fig. 6: partial sectional view of driving gear of the present invention;

Fig. 7: the structural representation of the first sampling cylinder of the present invention;

Fig. 8: the structural representation of the second sampling cylinder of the present invention;

Fig. 9: a cross-sectional view of the sampling inner cylinder of the present invention;

Figure 10: Another cross-sectional view of the sampling inner cylinder of the present invention;

Figure 11: Schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling end cap of the present invention;

Figure 12: a sectional view of the sampling outer cylinder of the present invention;

Figure 13: Schematic diagram of the structure of the back cover plate of the present invention;

Fig. 14: the sectional view of driving gear shaft of the present invention;

Fig. 15: Schematic diagram of the structure of the shaft sleeve of the present invention.

Symbol Description:

1. Sampling end cover, 2. First sampling cylinder, 3. Steel wire rope, 4. Second sampling cylinder, 5. Sampler, 21. First sampling left cylinder, 22. First sampling right cylinder, 23. First connection Bolt, 41, second sampling left cylinder, 42, second sampling right cylinder, 43, second connecting bolt, 51, sampling outer cylinder, 52, sampling inner cylinder, 53, driving gear, 54, driving gear shaft, 55, Driven gear, 56, driven gear shaft, 57, bottom cover plate, 58, sampling partition, 59, shaft sleeve, 510, first flat key, 511, second flat key, 1.1, end cover body, 1.2, rectangle Groove, 1.3, annular groove, 1.4, hook, 1.5, handle, 51.1, connector, 51.2, hollow cylinder sleeve, 51.3, hollow cone sleeve, 51.4, wire rope installation hole, 52.1, driving gear shaft installation hole, 52.2, Driven gear shaft mounting hole, 54.1, driving gear shaft body, 54.2, driving gear shaft chuck, 57.1, back cover body, 57.2, back cover through hole, 58.1, back cover installation round hole, 59.1, shaft sleeve body, 59.2 , Shaft sleeve groove, 59.3, shaft sleeve baffle, 59.4, shaft sleeve chuck.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The terms "first", "second", and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are, for example, capable of practice in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a sequence of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to the expressly listed instead, may include other steps or elements not explicitly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or apparatus.

As shown in Figure 1-15, a flip-type loose sediment sampling device includes a sampling end cover 1, a first sampling cylinder 2, a steel wire rope 3, a second sampling cylinder 4, and a sampler 5, and the lower end of the sampling end cover 1 Installed on the upper end of the first sampling cylinder 2, the lower end of the first sampling cylinder 2 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the second sampling cylinder 4, the lower end of the second sampling cylinder 4 is threaded to the upper end of the sampler 5, and the upper end of the steel wire rope 3 It is connected with the sampling end cover 1, and the lower end is connected with the sampler 5;

The first sampling cylinder 2 includes a first sampling left cylinder 21, a first sampling right cylinder 22, and a first connecting bolt 23, and the first sampling left cylinder 21 and the first sampling right cylinder 22 are fixed by the first connecting bolt 23. Together, the first sampling cylinder 2 is provided with five threaded holes, and the threaded holes near the uppermost sampling end cover 1 are not equipped with the first connecting bolt 23, the first sampling left cylinder 21 and the first sampling right cylinder 22 The structural dimensions are the same, the upper end is provided with internal threads, and the lower end is provided with external threads, and after the two are installed together, the internal threads at the upper end form a complete and continuous thread, and the external threads at the lower end also form a complete and continuous thread;

The second sampling cylinder 4 includes a second sampling left cylinder 41, a second sampling right cylinder 42, and a second connecting bolt 43, and the second sampling left cylinder 41 and the second sampling right cylinder 42 are fixed by the second connecting bolt 43. Together, the second sampling cylinder 4 is provided with five threaded holes, and the second connecting bolts 43 are installed, the second sampling left cylinder 41 and the second sampling right cylinder 42 have the same structural size, and the upper ends are all provided with Internal thread, the lower end is provided with external thread, and after the two are installed together, the internal thread at the upper end forms a complete continuous thread, and the external thread at the lower end also forms a complete continuous thread;

The sampler 5 includes a sampling outer cylinder 51, a sampling inner cylinder 52, a driving gear 53, a driving gear shaft 54, a driven gear 55, a driven gear shaft 56, a bottom cover plate 57, a sampling partition 58, a shaft sleeve 59, a second A flat key 510, a second flat key 511, the upper end of the sampling inner cylinder 52 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the second sampling cylinder 4, the upper end of the sampling outer cylinder 51 is provided with internal threads, and the upper end of the sampling inner cylinder 52 is provided with external threads , the sampling outer cylinder 51 is set on the outside of the sampling inner cylinder 52 through threaded connection, the lower ends of the sampling outer cylinder 51 and the sampling inner cylinder 52 are provided with a 45° chamfer, and the lower surfaces of the chamfers are coplanar, which can Reduce the lowering resistance during sampling and improve sampling efficiency. The driving gear 53 is installed on the shaft sleeve 59 through the first flat key 510 and meshes with the driven gear 55. The shaft sleeve 59 is installed on the driving gear shaft 54 outside, and can rotate around the driving gear shaft 54, two symmetrically arranged driving gear shaft mounting holes 52.1 and two symmetrically arranged driven gear shaft mounting holes 52.2 are provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the sampling inner cylinder 52. The driving gear shaft 54 is installed in the driving gear shaft mounting hole 52.1 in a non-rotatable manner. The back cover plate 57 includes a back cover plate body 57.1 and a back cover plate through hole 57.2. The back cover plate through hole 57.2 is arranged in the bottom cover plate body 57.1 On the outer cylindrical surface, and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the bottom cover plate body 57.1, the sampling partition 58 is fixedly connected to the inner cylindrical surface of the sampling inner cylinder 52, and its upper and lower ends are respectively at right angles, which is convenient for reducing the sampling resistance , and divide the cavity of the sampling inner cylinder 52 evenly, and a back cover plate installation round hole 58.1 is provided in the middle of the sampling partition 58, and its aperture is the same as the back cover plate 57 diameter, and the back cover plate 57 is installed in the back cover plate installation round hole 58.1, and can be turned inside, the driven gear 55 is installed on the driven gear shaft 56 through the second flat key 511, and the driven gear shaft 56 is installed on the driven gear shaft after passing through the driven gear shaft mounting hole 52.2 In the through hole 57.2 of the back cover plate, and the driven gear shaft 56 is in clearance fit with the driven gear shaft mounting hole 52.2, the driven gear shaft 16 is in interference fit with the through hole 57.2 of the back cover plate, and the driving gear shaft 54 and the driven gear 55 The transmission ratio is 1:1, which is convenient to control the rotation angle of the back cover plate, improves the accuracy of the back cover, and prevents the loss of loose sediment samples.

As shown in Figure 11, the sampling end cap 1 includes an end cap body 1.1, a rectangular groove 1.2, an annular groove 1.3, a hook 1.4, and a handle 1.5, and four Handle 1.5, the outer cylindrical surface of the handle 1.5 is provided with a spiral groove, which can improve the grip force, and the lower end of the end cover body 1.1 is provided with two hooks 1.4, two rectangular grooves 1.2 and an annular groove 1.3 , the line connecting the two rectangular grooves 1.2 and the line connecting the two hooks 104 are perpendicular to each other.

As shown in Figure 12, the sampling outer cylinder 51 includes a connector 51.1, a hollow cylindrical sleeve 51.2, a hollow conical sleeve 51.3, and a wire rope installation hole 51.4. The upper end of the hollow cylindrical sleeve 51.2 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the connector 51.1, and the lower end It is fixedly connected with the upper end of the hollow conical sleeve 51.3, and two wire rope installation holes 51.4 are symmetrically arranged on the connecting head 51.1, and the diameter of the wire rope installation holes 51.4 is larger than the diameter of the wire rope 3 .

As shown in Figure 14, the driving gear shaft 54 includes a driving gear shaft body 54.1 and a driving gear shaft chuck 54.2, the driving gear shaft body 54.1 and the driving gear shaft chuck 54.2 are integrally formed, and the driving gear shaft body 54.1 It is a solid cylinder, and the drive gear shaft chuck 54.2 is a structure of revolution with a right-angled triangle in cross section, and the included angle between the hypotenuse and the long right-angled side of the right-angled triangle is 15°.

As shown in Figure 15, the bushing 59 includes a bushing body 59.1, a bushing groove 59.2, a bushing baffle 59.3, and a bushing chuck 59.4, and the bushing body 59.1 and the bushing baffle 59.3 are integrally formed. The sleeve body 59.1 is provided with a cylindrical sleeve groove 59.2, the sleeve baffle 59.3 is an annular plate, and its inner ring is provided with a sleeve chuck 59.4, and the sleeve chuck 59.4 It is a structure of revolution with a right-angled triangle in cross section, and the included angle between the hypotenuse and the long right-angled side of the right-angled triangle is 18°.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 5 and Figure 11, the lower end of the steel wire rope 3 passes through the steel wire rope installation hole 51.4 of the sampling outer tube 51 and is wound on the shaft sleeve 59, and the upper end of the steel wire rope 3 is wound on the hook 104 at the lower end of the sampling end cover 1 .

When the present invention is in use: align the sampler with the sampling position, apply pressure to the sampling end cap 1 so that the sampling device is lowered to the sampling depth, and then untie the two steel wire ropes 3 wound on the two hooks 1.4. Ensure that the wire rope 3 bypasses the hook 1.4, and finally pull down one end of the untied wire rope 3; along with the pulling of the wire rope 3, the axle sleeve 59 for winding the wire rope 3 rotates on the driving gear shaft 17. The head 59.4 is fastened together with the driving gear shaft clamping head 54.2, so the shaft sleeve 59 will not fall off from the driving gear shaft 54; the shaft sleeve 59 drives the driving gear 53 to rotate through the first flat key 510, and the driving gear 53 passes between the gears The mutual meshing drives the driven gear 55 to rotate, and the driven gear 55 drives the driven gear shaft 56 to rotate through the second flat key 511, and the driven gear shaft 56 drives the bottom cover plate 57 that is interference fit with the bottom cover plate 57 and the sampling partition. 58 when the position is flush, turn 90° to complete the back cover; then rewind the pulling end of the wire rope 3 on the hook 1.4, and ensure that it can withstand the gravity of the sample taken and the frictional resistance; finally remove the sampling device from the formation Take it out, disassemble the first sampling cylinder 2 and the second sampling cylinder 4, and clean the sampling device after taking out the collected samples.

The present invention is simple in structure and easy to operate, and can meet the needs of different sampling depths by increasing or decreasing the number of the second sampling cylinder 4 according to the sampling depth; Its shape can obtain a relatively complete columnar sample; the bottom of the sampling device can be tightly sealed during the process of pulling out from the sediment, which can effectively prevent the loss of loose sediment samples and ensure that the collected samples can better maintain their original properties; the driving gear 53 The transmission ratio between the driven gear 55 and the driven gear 55 is 1:1, only need to ensure that the driving gear 53 rotates through 90° to realize the back sealing, so it is convenient to control the rotation angle of the back cover plate 57, improve the accuracy of the back cover, and prevent loose sediment samples from collapsing loss; adopt two steel wire ropes 3, two pairs of gear transmission can balance the force of the back cover plate 57, thereby improving the accuracy of the back cover and preventing the loss of loose sediment samples; the sleeve clamp of the shaft sleeve and the drive gear of the drive gear shaft The shaft clamps are fastened together to ensure that the sleeve will not fall off from the drive gear shaft while the sleeve rotates on the drive gear shaft; the inclination angle of the sleeve clamp is 18° greater than the inclination angle of the drive gear shaft clamp of 15° , it is more convenient to fit the shaft sleeve on the driving gear shaft, which reduces the installation difficulty and improves the installation efficiency.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (6)

1. A flip-type loose sediment sampling device, characterized in that: comprise sampling end cap, the first sampling cylinder, steel wire rope, the second sampling cylinder, sampler, the lower end of the sampling end cap is installed on the first sampling cylinder upper end, The lower end of the first sampling cylinder is threadedly connected to the upper end of the second sampling cylinder, the lower end of the second sampling cylinder is threadedly connected to the upper end of the sampler, the upper end of the steel wire rope is connected to the sampling end cover, and the lower end is connected to the sampler; The first sampling cylinder includes a first sampling left cylinder, a first sampling right cylinder, and a first connecting bolt, and the first sampling left left cylinder and the first sampling right cylinder are fixedly connected together by a first connecting bolt. There are five threaded holes on one side of the first sampling cylinder, and the threaded holes at the uppermost end close to the sampling end cover are not equipped with the first connecting bolts. There are internal threads, and the lower end is provided with external threads, and when the two are installed together, the internal threads at the upper end form a complete and continuous thread, and the external threads at the lower end also form a complete and continuous thread; The second sampling cylinder includes a second sampling left cylinder, a second sampling right cylinder, and a second connecting bolt, and the second sampling left cylinder and the second sampling right cylinder are fixedly connected together by a second connecting bolt. There are five threaded holes on one side of the two sampling cylinders, and the second connecting bolts are installed on each side. The second sampling left cylinder and the second sampling right cylinder have the same structural size, and the upper end is provided with internal threads, and the lower end is provided with external threads. , and after the two are installed together, the internal thread at the upper end forms a complete and continuous thread, and the external thread at the lower end also forms a complete and continuous thread; The sampler includes a sampling outer cylinder, a sampling inner cylinder, a driving gear, a driving gear shaft, a driven gear, a driven gear shaft, a bottom cover plate, a sampling partition, a shaft sleeve, a first flat key, and a second flat key. The upper end of the sampling inner cylinder is threadedly connected to the lower end of the second sampling cylinder, the upper end of the sampling outer cylinder is provided with internal threads, the upper end of the sampling inner cylinder is provided with external threads, and the sampling outer cylinder is set on the outside of the sampling inner cylinder through threaded connection, The lower ends of the sampling outer cylinder and the sampling inner cylinder are provided with a 45° chamfer, and the lower surfaces of the chamfers are coplanar. The driving gear is installed on the shaft sleeve through the first key and meshes with the driven gear. The shaft sleeve is installed outside the shaft of the driving gear and can rotate around the shaft of the driving gear. The outer cylindrical surface of the sampling inner cylinder There are two symmetrically arranged driving gear shaft installation holes and two symmetrically arranged driven gear shaft installation holes. The driving gear shaft is installed in the driving gear shaft installation hole in a non-rotatable manner. The through hole of the plate body and the back cover plate, the through hole of the back cover plate is set on the outer cylindrical surface of the back cover plate body, and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the back cover plate body, and the sampling partition is fixedly connected in the inner cylinder of the sampling On the cylindrical surface, its upper and lower ends are at right angles respectively, and the inner cavity of the sampling inner cylinder is evenly divided. There is a bottom sealing plate installation circular hole in the middle of the sampling partition, and its hole diameter is the same as that of the bottom sealing plate. The back cover plate is installed in the round hole of the back cover plate and can be flipped inside, the driven gear is installed on the driven gear shaft through the second key, and the driven gear shaft is installed through the driven gear shaft The hole is installed in the through hole of the bottom cover plate, and the driven gear shaft and the mounting hole of the driven gear shaft have clearance fit, the driven gear shaft and the through hole of the bottom cover plate have an interference fit, the transmission ratio of the driving gear shaft and the driven gear 1:1. 2. A kind of overturning loose sediment sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sampling end cap comprises an end cap body, a rectangular groove, an annular groove, a hook, a handle, and the end cap body Four handles are evenly arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the handle, and a spiral groove is arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the handle. Two hooks, two rectangular grooves and an annular groove are arranged on the lower end of the end cover body. The line connecting the two rectangular grooves and the two hooks are perpendicular to each other. 3. A kind of overturning loose sediment sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sampling outer cylinder includes a connecting head, a hollow cylindrical sleeve, a hollow conical sleeve, and a wire rope installation hole, and the upper end of the hollow cylindrical sleeve It is fixedly connected with the lower end of the connecting head, and the lower end is fixedly connected with the upper end of the hollow conical sleeve. The connecting head is symmetrically provided with two wire rope installation holes, and the diameter of the wire rope installation holes is larger than the diameter of the wire rope. 4. A kind of overturning loose sediment sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drive gear shaft comprises a drive gear shaft body drive gear shaft chuck, and the drive gear shaft body and the drive gear shaft clamp The head is integrally formed, the main body of the driving gear shaft is a solid cylinder, and the clamping head of the driving gear shaft is a structure of revolution with a right-angled triangle in cross section, and the included angle between the hypotenuse and the long right-angled side of the right-angled triangle is 15 °. 5. A kind of overturning loose sediment sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the bushing comprises a bushing body, a bushing groove, a bushing baffle, a bushing chuck, and the shaft The sleeve body and the shaft sleeve baffle are integrally formed, and a cylindrical sleeve groove is arranged on the shaft sleeve body, and the shaft sleeve baffle is an annular plate, and a sleeve chuck is arranged on the inner ring thereof, so that The sleeve chuck is a structure of revolution with a right-angled triangle in cross section, and the included angle between the hypotenuse and the long right-angled side of the right-angled triangle is 18°. 6. A kind of overturning loose sediment sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the lower end of the steel wire rope is wound on the shaft sleeve after passing through the steel wire rope installation hole of the sampling outer cylinder, and the upper end of the steel wire rope is wound on the sampling on the hook at the lower end of the end cap.