CN110779760B - Sediment stratified sampling device - Google Patents

Sediment stratified sampling device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110779760B
CN110779760B CN201911109434.4A CN201911109434A CN110779760B CN 110779760 B CN110779760 B CN 110779760B CN 201911109434 A CN201911109434 A CN 201911109434A CN 110779760 B CN110779760 B CN 110779760B
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semicircular
sampling tube
sediment
sampler
plate
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CN110779760A (en
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刘杰
付云霞
李萍
高伟
徐元芹
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Qingdao Marine Science And Technology Center
First Institute of Oceanography MNR
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First Institute of Oceanography MNR
Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Development Center
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/04Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
    • G01N1/08Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

The sediment stratified sampling device comprises a semicircular sampling tube, a plurality of horizontal partition plates are arranged in the semicircular sampling tube at equal intervals, a knife edge is arranged at the edge of one side, a drill bit is arranged at the bottom, and a conical cap is arranged at the top; the middle parts of the upper surface of the drill bit and the lower surface of the conical cap are respectively provided with a round hole, and a rotatable wing plate is arranged between the two round holes; the wing plate is connected with the wing plate at one side edge, a plurality of narrow slits are arranged at the other side edge at equal intervals, the number of the narrow slits is equal to that of the partition plates, and each partition plate is positioned in the corresponding narrow slit; the top end of the conical cap is connected with the connecting rod. When the device is used for sampling, longitudinal compaction effect on sediments around the sampler can not be generated in the drilling process, the interlayer of the soft sediments can be ensured to enter the sampling tube, the loss of key sedimentary layers can not be caused, the coring rate of the sediments is obviously improved, the sediment samples at different layers can not be mixed in the equipment operation and sample transportation processes, and reliable samples are provided for the sedimentology research.

Description

Sediment stratified sampling device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sediment fidelity sampling, in particular to a sediment accurate layered sampling device which can ensure that a sediment layer sequence of a high-water-content or loose sediment is not damaged in the sampling process.
Background
In the scientific research process, sediment samples are often required to be obtained from sediments such as estuaries, seacoasts, beaches, wetlands, loess and the like, the research in certain directions has high requirements on sampling, sediment compression, sediment layer loss and sediment layer sequence change cannot occur in the sediment sampling process, and the sediment in the areas is easy to creep, liquefy and disturb, so that the fidelity sampling technology and method for the sediment are always an urgent problem to be solved in the research on sedimentology.
Chinese patent No. CN 109596381a discloses "a soil core layering collector for maintaining in-situ characteristics of sediments", where sediments directly enter a sample chamber in a sampler from the bottom end of the sampler, so as to meet the requirements of anaerobic, light-shielding, layering and the like of sediments in scientific research activities, but in practical application, a sampler for acquiring sediments from the bottom has a series of problems in maintaining in-situ characteristics of sediments, layering, compression and the like: for example, the sediment is compressed inevitably during the process of entering the sampler, if a weak interlayer in the sediment is met, the interlayer can not enter the sampler, and the sediment sequence is lost, in practical application, the coring rate of the sampler entering from the bottom is basically below 70%, namely, the height of the sediment obtained in the sampler is basically below 0.7 m every 1 m of the sampler entering the sediment, which is mainly caused by the compression of the sediment during the drilling process, the failure of one or more layers of sediment to enter the sampler and other factors.
Chinese patent No. CN206479350U discloses a device of a peat soil sampling drill and a peat soil sampler, which can effectively solve the problems of sediment compression and weak sediment layer loss during the process of sediment entering the sampler, but when the sampling is performed with high water content or loose sediment, the shaking of the sampler can damage the sequence and structure of the sediment in the sampler.
Therefore, designing a sediment stratified sampling device, solving the problems of sediment compression, weak sediment layer loss, sediment sequence damage and the like after a sample enters the sampling device in the sediment sampling process, providing a reliable sediment sample for scientific research, especially for sedimentology research, and solving the technical problem urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide a sediment stratified sampling apparatus which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
A sediment layered sampler is characterized by comprising a vertically arranged semicircular sampling tube, wherein a plurality of semicircular horizontal partition plates are arranged in the semicircular sampling tube at equal intervals; the drill bit and the conical cap are of detachable structures and are respectively connected with the semicircular sampling tube through bolts, the middle parts of the upper surface of the drill bit and the lower surface of the conical cap are respectively provided with a round hole, and a rotatable wing plate is arranged between the two round holes; the wing plates comprise flat plates, the middle parts of the upper edges and the lower edges of the flat plates are respectively provided with a rotating shaft, the upper rotating shaft and the lower rotating shaft are respectively arranged in the conical caps and the circular holes of the drill bits, the edge of one side of each flat plate is connected with the wing plate, the edge of the other side of each flat plate is provided with a plurality of narrow slits at equal intervals, the number of the narrow slits is equal to that of the partition plates, and each partition plate is positioned in the corresponding narrow slit; the top end of the conical cap is provided with a threaded connector, and the threaded connector is connected with the bottom of the connecting rod.
The width of the flat plate is the sum of the inner diameter of the semicircular sampling tube and the thickness of the side wall of the semicircular sampling tube, and the height of the flat plate is the distance between the lower surface of the top plate of the semicircular sampling tube and the upper surface of the bottom plate.
When the wing plate rotates, the width of the narrow slit enables the partition plate to pass through the narrow slit, and the horizontal length of the narrow slit is equal to half of the inner diameter of the semicircular sampling tube.
One side of the upper surface of the drill bit and one side of the lower surface of the cone cap, which is close to the knife edge, are provided with one-way clamping tongues, so that wing plates are prevented from rotating when the sampler is lifted from sediments, and the sample is prevented from leaking.
The top of the connecting rod is also connected with the T-shaped connecting rod through threads.
The connecting rod comprises one section or multistage threaded connection pole, can be connected to required length with threaded connection pole according to the sample depth, still marks the scale on the threaded connection pole.
The connecting rod is provided with a fixing ring for fixing a cross rod at intervals of a fixed distance, and the cross rod is used for pressing the semicircular sampling tube into the sediment or pulling the semicircular sampling tube out of the sediment; the fixed distance is 25 cm-100 cm.
The cross bar comprises a fixing ring, the fixing ring is formed by mutually buckling two semicircular rings, one ends of the two semicircular rings are connected through a rotating shaft, the other ends of the two semicircular rings are connected through a fixing buckle, and the outer sides of the two semicircular rings are respectively connected with a horizontal bar; when the sampler is used, the fixing ring is fixed on the cross rod fixing ring at the required height through the fixing buckle, and the cross rod can play the roles of assisting force and keeping the state of the sampler in the process of pressing the semicircular sampling tube into or pulling out a sediment.
Reach the predetermined degree of depth at the sampler, when rotatory T shape connecting rod takes a sample, the fastening direction and the semicircle sampling tube direction of rotation of screw thread between threaded connection pole and the T shape connecting rod, between threaded connection pole and the threaded connection pole and between threaded connection pole and the threaded connection head are unanimous to play and screw up effect more and more.
The unidirectional clamping tongue is a section of arc elastic steel sheet fixed on the upper surface of the drill bit or the lower surface of the conical cap.
Advantages of the invention
Compared with the existing sampling equipment and technical method, the sampler provided by the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
1. when the device is used for sediment sampling, the longitudinal compaction effect on the sediment around the sampler can not be generated in the drilling process; when the sediment to be obtained is not uniform in the depth direction or has a weak interlayer with high water content, the soft sediment interlayer can be ensured to enter the sampling tube, the loss of a key sediment layer can not be caused, and the coring rate of the sediment can be obviously improved.
2. After the sediments enter the sampling tube of the sampler, the sediments are sampled and sealed layer by layer according to a certain interval, each layer is an independent space, and the sediment samples at different layers are not mixed in the process of equipment operation and sample transportation, so that a reliable sample can be provided for sedimentology research.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampler portion of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a front view of a wing 6 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the wing 6 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the cross-bar 10 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the threaded connecting rod 8 of the present invention.
The device comprises a sampling tube 1, a semicircular sampling tube 2, a partition plate 3, a drill bit 4, a conical cap 5, a knife edge 6, a wing plate 7, a threaded connector 8, a threaded connecting rod 9, a T-shaped connecting rod 10, a cross rod 11, a one-way clamping tongue 61, a flat plate 62, a wing plate 63, a narrow slit 64, a rotating shaft 81, a cross rod fixing ring 82, a nut 83, a bolt 101, a fixing ring 102, a fixing buckle 103, a horizontal rod 104 and a rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-7, a sediment stratified sampling device is characterized in that the sampling device comprises a vertically arranged semicircular sampling tube 1, a plurality of semicircular horizontal partition plates 2 are arranged in the semicircular sampling tube 1 at equal intervals, a knife edge 5 is arranged on one side edge of the semicircular sampling tube 1, a drill bit 3 is arranged at the bottom of the semicircular sampling tube 1, and a conical cap 4 is arranged at the top of the semicircular sampling tube 1; the drill bit 3 and the conical cap 4 are detachable structures and are respectively connected with the semicircular sampling tube 1 through bolts, the upper surface of the drill bit 3 and the lower surface of the conical cap 4 are respectively provided with a round hole, and a rotatable wing plate 6 is arranged between the two round holes; the wing plates 6 comprise flat plates 61, rotating shafts 64 are respectively arranged in the middle of the upper edges and the middle of the lower edges of the flat plates 61, the upper rotating shafts 64 and the lower rotating shafts 64 are respectively arranged in the circular holes of the cone caps 4 and the drill bits 3, wing fin plates 62 are connected to one side edge of the flat plates 61, a plurality of narrow slits 63 are formed in the other side edge of the flat plates 61 at equal intervals, the number of the narrow slits 63 is equal to that of the partition plates 2, and each partition plate 2 is positioned in the corresponding narrow slit 63; one side of the upper surface of the drill bit 3 and the lower surface of the conical cap 4 close to the knife edge 5 are respectively provided with a one-way clamping tongue 11 so as to prevent the wing plate 6 from rotating when the sampler is lifted from the sediment and ensure that the sample cannot leak;
the top end of the conical cap 4 is provided with a threaded connector 7, the threaded connector 7 is connected with the bottom of the connecting rod, and the top of the connecting rod is connected with a T-shaped connecting rod 9 through threads; the connecting rod consists of one or more sections of threaded connecting rods 8, the threaded connecting rods 8 can be connected to the required length according to the sampling depth, and the threaded connecting rods 8 are marked with graduated scales;
a cross bar fixing ring 81 is arranged on the connecting rod at intervals of a fixed distance, the cross bar fixing ring 81 is used for fixing a cross bar 10, and the cross bar 10 is used for pressing the semicircular sampling tube 1 into a sediment or pulling the semicircular sampling tube out of the sediment; the fixed distance is 25 cm-100 cm.
The width of the flat plate 61 is the sum of the inner diameter of the semicircular sampling tube 1 and the thickness of the side wall of the semicircular sampling tube 1, and the height is the distance between the lower surface of the top plate of the semicircular sampling tube 1 and the upper surface of the bottom plate.
The slot 63 has a width such that the wing 6 rotates to allow the baffle 2 to pass through it, and the slot 63 has a horizontal length equal to half of the inner diameter of the semicircular sampling tube 1.
The cross bar 10 comprises a fixing ring 101, the fixing ring 101 is formed by mutually buckling two semicircular rings, one ends of the two semicircular rings are connected through a rotating shaft 104, the other ends of the two semicircular rings are connected through a fixing buckle 102, and the outer sides of the two semicircular rings are respectively connected with a horizontal bar 103; when the sampler is used, the fixing ring 101 is fixed on the cross rod fixing ring 81 with a required height through the fixing buckle 102, and the cross rod 10 can play a role in assisting and maintaining the state of the sampler in the process of pressing the semicircular sampling tube 1 into or taking out sediment.
The fixed lower part, when clockwise rotation upper part, the fastening direction of screw thread is unanimous with semicircle sampling tube 1 direction of rotation between threaded connection pole 8 and the T-shaped connecting rod 9, between threaded connection pole 8 and the threaded connection pole 8 and between threaded connection pole 8 and the threaded connection head 7 to screw up effect more and more.
The unidirectional tongue 11 is a section of arc-shaped elastic steel wire fixed on the upper surface of the drill bit 3 or the lower surface of the conical cap 4. The wing plate 6 can be clamped into the clamping tongue when rotating, and the function of preventing the wing plate 6 from rotating is achieved.
The wing-fin plate 64 and the flat plate 61 form an included angle, the wing-fin plate 64 can play a role in fixing the wing plate 6 to prevent the wing plate from rotating after the semicircular sampling tube 1 is pressed into a sediment to a preset depth, the wing-fin plate 64 can be inserted into soil to enable the semicircular sampling tube 1 to rotate for at least 180 degrees by taking one side provided with the knife edge 5 as a forward direction through the twisting of the T-shaped connecting rod 9, the flat plate 61 completely seals one side of the semicircular sampling tube 1 with the knife edge 5, and correspondingly, the included angle between the wing-fin plate 64 and the flat plate 61 also needs to incline towards the knife edge 5 to play a role in gathering up the sediment when the semicircular sampling tube 1 rotates.
Taking the sampler of the invention for sampling sand sediment as an example, the sediment stratified sampler has the following working process:
(1) installing a drill bit 3 and a conical cap 4 on a semicircular sampling tube 1 through bolts, and installing a wing plate 6 between two circular holes on the upper surface of the drill bit 3 and the lower surface of the conical cap 4;
(2) according to the sampling depth, the number of the threaded connecting rods 8 required by one-time sampling is determined, the threaded connecting rods 8 are connected firmly in sequence, then the lower ends of the threaded connecting rods 8 are fixed to the upper end of the semicircular sampling tube 1 through the threaded connectors 7, the top ends of the threaded connecting rods 8 are connected with the T-shaped connecting rods 9, and the cross rods 10 are fixed on the cross rod fixing rings 81 at proper positions;
(3) placing a drill bit 3 of the sampler at a sampling place, enabling the sampler to be in a vertical state by utilizing a threaded connecting rod 8 and a cross rod 10, and rotating a wing plate 6 clockwise to a limit state;
(4) the sampler is made to descend in the sediment in a mode that a plurality of persons press the cross rod 10 or one person stands on the cross rod 10 to jump and the like, the position of the cross rod 10 on the threaded connecting rod 8 is adjusted upwards at any time according to the depth of the threaded connecting rod 8 entering the sediment until the sampler drills to the preset depth in the sediment, and the sampler is kept in a vertical state in the process;
(5) after the sampler reaches a preset depth, the T-shaped connecting rod 9 is rotated clockwise for at least 180 degrees in the horizontal direction, so that the sediment is ensured to enter the semicircular sampling tube 1, and the wing plates 6 cross the one-way clamping tongues 11 and perform layered sealing on the sediment in the semicircular sampling tube 1;
(6) the sampler is pulled out from the sediment by the cross rod 10, and the position of the cross rod 10 on the threaded connecting rod 8 can be adjusted downwards at any time in the lifting process until the sampler is completely pulled out from the sediment;
(7) the drill bit 3, the conical cap 4 and the wing plate 6 are detached from the semicircular sampling tube 1, and sediments are subpackaged into sample bags on site according to research requirements, or the semicircular sampling tube 1 is directly sealed and then taken back to a laboratory for post-processing;
(8) and (3) after the previous sampling is finished, replacing a new semicircular sampling tube 1, repeating the steps (1) - (7) and carrying out next sediment sampling.

Claims (4)

1. A sediment layered sampler is characterized by comprising a vertically arranged semicircular sampling tube (1), wherein a plurality of semicircular horizontal partition plates (2) are arranged in the semicircular sampling tube (1) at equal intervals, a knife edge (5) is arranged at the edge of one side of the semicircular sampling tube (1), a drill bit (3) is arranged at the bottom of the semicircular sampling tube (1), and a conical cap (4) is arranged at the top of the semicircular sampling tube; the drill bit (3) and the conical cap (4) are of detachable structures and are respectively connected with the semicircular sampling tube (1) through bolts, the middle parts of the upper surface of the drill bit (3) and the lower surface of the conical cap (4) are respectively provided with a round hole, and a rotatable wing plate (6) is arranged between the two round holes; the wing plates (6) comprise flat plates (61), the middle parts of the upper edges and the lower edges of the flat plates (61) are respectively provided with a rotating shaft (64), the upper rotating shaft and the lower rotating shaft (64) are respectively arranged in the circular holes of the cone caps (4) and the drill bits (3), one side edge of the flat plate (61) is connected with a wing fin plate (62), the other side edge of the flat plate (61) is provided with a plurality of narrow slits (63) at equal intervals, the number of the narrow slits (63) is equal to that of the partition plates (2), and each partition plate (2) is positioned in the corresponding narrow slit (63); the top end of the conical cap (4) is provided with a threaded connector (7), and the threaded connector (7) is connected with the bottom of the connecting rod;
a unidirectional clamping tongue (11) is arranged on one side of the upper surface of the drill bit (3) and the lower surface of the conical cap (4) close to the knife edge (5) to prevent the wing plate (6) from rotating when the sampler is lifted from the sediment and ensure that the sample cannot leak;
the width of the flat plate (61) is the sum of the inner diameter of the semicircular sampling tube (1) and the thickness of the side wall of the semicircular sampling tube (1), and the height is the distance between the lower surface of the top plate of the semicircular sampling tube (1) and the upper surface of the bottom plate;
when the wing plate (6) rotates, the width of the narrow slit (63) enables the partition plate (2) to pass through, and the horizontal length of the narrow slit (63) is equal to half of the inner diameter of the semicircular sampling tube (1);
the top of the connecting rod is also connected with a T-shaped connecting rod (9) through threads;
the connecting rod consists of one or more sections of threaded connecting rods (8), the threaded connecting rods (8) can be connected to the required length according to the sampling depth, and the threaded connecting rods (8) are also marked with graduated scales;
when the sampler arrived the predetermined degree of depth, rotatory T shape connecting rod (9) were taken a sample, the fastening direction of screw thread is unanimous with semicircle sampling tube (1) direction of rotation between threaded connection pole (8) and T shape connecting rod (9), between threaded connection pole (8) and between threaded connection pole (8) and threaded connection head (7) to play and screw up effect more and more.
2. A sediment layered sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting rod is provided with a fixing ring (81) for fixing a cross rod (10) at regular intervals, the cross rod (10) being used for pressing the semicircular sampling tube (1) into the sediment or pulling the semicircular sampling tube out of the sediment; the fixed distance is 25 cm-100 cm.
3. The sediment stratified sampling device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cross bar (10) comprises a fixed ring (101), the fixed ring (101) is formed by buckling two semicircular rings, one end of the two semicircular rings is connected through a rotating shaft (104), the other end of the two semicircular rings is connected through a fixed buckle (102), and the outer sides of the two semicircular rings are respectively connected with a horizontal bar (103); when the semi-circular sampler is used, the fixing ring (101) is fixed on the cross rod fixing ring (81) with the required height through the fixing buckle (102), and the cross rod (10) can play a role in assisting power and keeping the state of the sampler in the process of pressing or pulling out sediments from the semi-circular sampler tube (1).
4. The layered sampler for sediments as claimed in claim 1, wherein said unidirectional latch (11) is a section of curved elastic steel plate fixed on the upper surface of the drilling head (3) or the lower surface of the cone cap (4).
CN201911109434.4A 2019-11-13 2019-11-13 Sediment stratified sampling device Active CN110779760B (en)

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112945625B (en) * 2021-04-26 2024-09-03 中国石油大学(华东) Sealable fixed-point in-situ coring device based on modern sediment shoal sampling
CN113865938B (en) * 2021-08-29 2023-09-01 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 Whole-pipe sediment fidelity sampler
CN113740101B (en) * 2021-09-05 2023-09-01 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 Portable half-tube sediment sample divider

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CN2645073Y (en) * 2003-08-27 2004-09-29 浙江大学 Layered sample collector for shallow water body deposit
CN101358909A (en) * 2008-09-12 2009-02-04 南开大学 Rotary-cutting column type deposit sampler
CN102230854A (en) * 2011-04-08 2011-11-02 北京师范大学 River deposit columnar sampling device
CN202372374U (en) * 2011-12-21 2012-08-08 哈尔滨学院 Sediment sampler for shallow water body
CN204241267U (en) * 2014-12-10 2015-04-01 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 A kind of sediments sampler

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2645073Y (en) * 2003-08-27 2004-09-29 浙江大学 Layered sample collector for shallow water body deposit
CN101358909A (en) * 2008-09-12 2009-02-04 南开大学 Rotary-cutting column type deposit sampler
CN102230854A (en) * 2011-04-08 2011-11-02 北京师范大学 River deposit columnar sampling device
CN202372374U (en) * 2011-12-21 2012-08-08 哈尔滨学院 Sediment sampler for shallow water body
CN204241267U (en) * 2014-12-10 2015-04-01 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 A kind of sediments sampler

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