CN108048105A - A kind of water-loss reducer of soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of water-loss reducer of soil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108048105A CN108048105A CN201711345470.1A CN201711345470A CN108048105A CN 108048105 A CN108048105 A CN 108048105A CN 201711345470 A CN201711345470 A CN 201711345470A CN 108048105 A CN108048105 A CN 108048105A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F251/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of water-loss reducer of soil, includes following components according to parts by weight：60~100 parts of stalk, give up 10~20 parts of silk, 5~10 parts of bentonite, 10~20 parts of sludge, 20~40 parts of acryloyl potassium, 3~10 parts of cornstarch, 0.1~3 part of crosslinking agent, 0.1~2 part of initiator, 1~5 part of polymerizer.Also disclose the preparation method of the water-loss reducer of soil.The water-loss reducer of soil can not only significantly reduce soil moisture loss, and water storage, water retention property are excellent, and degradable, can improve soil texture after degradation and provide necessary fertilizer and trace element for plant growth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to farm-forestry crop field of planting, and in particular to a kind of water-loss reducer of soil and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, and agricultural water accounts for more than the 80% of China's total water consumption, and the shortage of water resource is system
Therefore the about first cause of China's agricultural development, improves the utilization rate of agricultural water resources.It is China's agriculture to implement saving water, resisting drought technology
The important channel of industry sustainable development.In China, arid and semi-arid lands's proportion reaches more than the 50% of national territorial area, and
The moisture holding capacity of soil is relatively low, and easily evaporation, and the availability of moisture in itself is low, thus Arid Problem has become puzzlement China
The a great problem of agriculture and forestry.
With the getting worse of environmental pollution and the reduction year by year of green vegetation, sternness is proposed to environment for human survival
Test, particularly fields such as agricultural production and urban afforestation, soil moisture is easy to run off, and causes soil block, soil
The problems such as desertification, therefore how rainwater or watering pours water to be absorbed and kept rapidly in the soil, not permeable mistake, and then ensure plant
It is grown to serve as important research direction.
In recent years, water-loss reducer of soil is helped as a kind of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE that can effectively enhance soil water holding capacity and moisture holding capacity
Agent achieves many impressive progresses in fields such as soil structure improved addictive, agriculture water conservation drought resistings.Current existing water-retaining agent species is very
It is more, but usually there was only the effect of water conservation, do not improve the effect of soil, and it is not degradable, long-term existence causes soil hardening,
It is unfavorable for the sustainable development of ecological environment and planting.
The content of the invention
The goal of the invention of the present invention is, in view of the above-mentioned problems, providing a kind of water-loss reducer of soil, can not only to significantly reduce soil
Water loss, water storage, water retention property are excellent, and degradable, can improve soil texture after degradation and provide necessity for plant growth
Fertilizer.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of water-loss reducer of soil includes following components according to parts by weight：
60~100 parts of stalk, give up 10~20 parts of silk, 5~10 parts of bentonite, 10~20 parts of sludge, and potassium acrylate 20~
40 parts, 3~10 parts of cornstarch, 0.1~3 part of crosslinking agent, 0.1~2 part of initiator, 1~5 part of polymerizer.
Preferably, the stalk is wheat, rice, corn, the stalk of rape one of which.
Preferably, stalk is first pre-processed, preprocessing process is：Stalk is dried, is shredded with shredding machine, then steam
Then explosion carries out boiling, 130~180 DEG C of boiling temperature, 20~40min of digestion time, after boiling with NaOH aqueous solutions
Stalk is washed, and is filtered, and drying is for use.
Preferably, the sludge is farm's sludge.
Preferably, the crosslinking agent is glycerine.
Preferably, the initiator is hydrogen peroxide and potassium peroxydisulfate.
A kind of preparation method of water-loss reducer of soil, comprises the following steps：
S1. pre-process
1) stalk dried, shredded with shredding machine, then steam blasting, straw powder material is made, then uses stalk powder
NaOH aqueous solutions carry out boiling, 130~180 DEG C of boiling temperature, 20~40min of digestion time, by the straw powder material after boiling, water
It washes, filters, drying.
2) discarded silk is cleaned, dried and crush to obtain silk powder.
3) 1) treated straw powder material will be passed through and silk powder mixes, and obtain mixed powder.
4) sludge is dried for standby.
S2. graft copolymerization
Cornstarch, potassium acrylate, crosslinking agent, polymerizer and initiator, stirring are added in mixed powder into step S1
After uniformly, 1~3h of polymerisation obtains reactant.
S3. mix
The sludge of reactant prepared by step S2 and bentonite and drying is uniformly mixed, then heating mixing 10~
20min is finally dried, is crushed to obtain water-retaining agent particle.
Preferably, in step S2, polymeric reaction temperature is 30~50 DEG C.
Preferably, in step S3, heating temperature is 85~100 DEG C after mixing.
Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that：
1. the water-loss reducer of soil of the present invention, using biodegradable stalk and useless silk and acrylamide, cornstarch
Graft copolymerization obtains compound water retaining agent, effectively reduces the cost of water-retaining agent, and the application for the stalk and recycling silk of crop is sought
A new approach is sought.In addition, after degradation, soil texture can be improved, avoid soil hardening, and provided fertile needed for plant growth
Material and trace element.
Using deriving from a wealth of sources, cheap biodegradable stalk as raw material, effectively reduce water-retaining agent into
This, a new approach has been sought in the application for the stalk of crop.And stalk provides required nutrient such as plant growth：
N、P、K、Ca、S.Stalk pretreatment process, first explosion boiling again, effectively enhances the activity of stalk cellulose, improves stalk
Cellulose and potassium acrylate graft reaction efficiency, graft reaction efficiency is higher, and the water-retaining agent effect of preparation is more preferable.
Nitrogen and trace element are provided after useless silk degradation, it can be energy saving dirty with reduction environment with waste utilization
Dye.
Sludge is added, not only can be salvaged, but also the trace element needed for plant growth can be provided.Selection of activated sludge
Farm's sludge can provide abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, reduce the use of fertilizer.
2. the water-loss reducer of soil of the present invention after polymerisation, contains substantial amounts of strong hydrophilicity in the strand of polyacrylic acid potassium
Property group (- COOK), therefore its hygroscopicity is extremely strong.Polyacrylic acid potassium can make the granule that Zinc fractions are stablized, so as to improve soil
Farming and plant growth, reduce water from the loss in soil, avoid when raining heavyly upper layer of soil be flushed away.Using potassium acrylate
Common sodium acrylate is replaced, can be incremented by avoid sodium ions content in soil, and potassium element is provided for plant growth.
3. the water-loss reducer of soil of the present invention, the glycerine for using low toxicity cheap is crosslinking agent, different from being commonly used
N-N methylene-bisacrylamides (MBA), water-retaining agent cost reduction reduces environmental pollution simultaneously.
4. the preparation method of your water-loss reducer of soil of the present invention, simple for process, with obvious effects, it is easy to industrialized production, has
Good market prospects.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of water-loss reducer of soil includes following components according to parts by weight：
80 parts of stalk, give up 20 parts of silk, 8 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of sludge, 40 parts of potassium acrylate, 5 parts of cornstarch, crosslinking
0.5 part of agent, 1 part of initiator, 4 parts of polymerizer.
The stalk is rice straw.Stalk is first pre-processed, preprocessing process is：Stalk is dried, with chopping
Machine-cut is broken, then steam blasting, then carries out boiling, 150 DEG C of boiling temperature, digestion time 30min, by boiling with NaOH aqueous solutions
Stalk afterwards is washed, and is filtered, and drying is for use.
The sludge is farm's sludge, and the crosslinking agent is glycerine.The initiator is hydrogen peroxide and persulfuric acid
Potassium, weight ratio 2:3.The polymerizer is ammonium hydroxide.
A kind of preparation method of water-loss reducer of soil, comprises the following steps：
S1. pre-process
1) stalk dried, shredded with shredding machine, then steam blasting, straw powder material is made, then uses stalk powder
NaOH aqueous solutions carry out boiling, and 150 DEG C of boiling temperature, digestion time 30min by the straw powder material after boiling, are washed, filtered,
Drying.
2) discarded silk is cleaned, dried and crush to obtain silk powder.
3) 1) treated straw powder material will be passed through and silk powder mixes, and obtain mixed powder.
4) sludge is subjected to Anaerobic Digestion, be then dried for standby.
S2. graft copolymerization
Cornstarch, potassium acrylate, crosslinking agent, polymerizer and initiator, stirring are added in mixed powder into step S1
After uniformly, polymerisation 2h, reaction temperature is 40 DEG C.Obtain reactant.
S3. mix
Reactant prepared by step S2 is uniformly mixed with the sludge of bentonite and drying, then heating mixing 15min, adds
Hot temperature is 90 DEG C.It finally dries, crush to obtain water-retaining agent particle.
Embodiment 2
A kind of water-loss reducer of soil includes following components according to parts by weight：
90 parts of stalk, give up 10 parts of silk, 5 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of sludge, 35 parts of potassium acrylate, 6 parts of cornstarch, crosslinking
0.5 part of agent, 0.5 part of initiator, 5 parts of polymerizer.
The stalk is wheat stalk.Stalk is first pre-processed, preprocessing process is：Stalk is dried, with chopping
Machine-cut is broken, then steam blasting, then carries out boiling, 180 DEG C of boiling temperature, digestion time 20min, by boiling with NaOH aqueous solutions
Stalk afterwards is washed, and is filtered, and drying is for use.
The sludge is chemical plant sludge, and the crosslinking agent is glycerine.The initiator is hydrogen peroxide and persulfuric acid
Potassium, weight ratio 1:2.
A kind of preparation method of water-loss reducer of soil, comprises the following steps：
S1. pre-process
1) stalk dried, shredded with shredding machine, then steam blasting, straw powder material is made, then uses stalk powder
NaOH aqueous solutions carry out boiling, and 180 DEG C of boiling temperature, digestion time 20min by the straw powder material after boiling, are washed, filtered,
Drying.
2) discarded silk is cleaned, dried and crush to obtain silk powder.
3) 1) treated straw powder material will be passed through and silk powder mixes, and obtain mixed powder.
4) sludge is dried for standby.
S2. graft copolymerization
Cornstarch, potassium acrylate, crosslinking agent, polymerizer and initiator, stirring are added in mixed powder into step S1
After uniformly, polymerisation 3h, reaction temperature is 30 DEG C.Obtain reactant.
S3. mix
Reactant prepared by step S2 is uniformly mixed with the sludge of bentonite and drying, then heating mixing 20min, adds
Hot temperature is 85 DEG C.It finally dries, crush to obtain water-retaining agent particle.
Embodiment 3
A kind of water-loss reducer of soil includes following components according to parts by weight：
60 parts of stalk, give up 20 parts of silk, 10 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of sludge, 30 parts of potassium acrylate, 8 parts of cornstarch, crosslinking
1 part of agent, 1.5 parts of initiator, 2 parts of polymerizer.
The stalk is maize straw.Stalk is first pre-processed, preprocessing process is：Stalk is dried, with chopping
Machine-cut is broken, then steam blasting, then carries out boiling, 130 DEG C of boiling temperature, digestion time 40min, by boiling with NaOH aqueous solutions
Stalk afterwards is washed, and is filtered, and drying is for use.
The sludge is building sludge.The crosslinking agent be 95% concentration N, N- methylene-bisacrylamides.It is described to draw
Hair agent is ammonium persulfate.
Preparation method is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
A kind of water-loss reducer of soil includes following components according to parts by weight：
60 parts of stalk, give up 20 parts of silk, 10 parts of swelling, 20 parts of sludge, 20 parts of potassium acrylate, 5 parts of cornstarch, crosslinking agent
2 parts, 0.2 part of initiator, 2 parts of polymerizer.
The stalk is wheat, rice, corn, the stalk of rape one of which.Stalk is first pre-processed, is pre-processed
Process is：Stalk is dried, is shredded with shredding machine, then steam blasting, then boiling, boiling temperature are carried out with NaOH aqueous solutions
150 DEG C, digestion time 30min by the stalk after boiling, are washed, filtered, and drying is for use.
The sludge is farm's sludge.The crosslinking agent is glycerine.The initiator is hydrogen peroxide and persulfuric acid
Potassium, mass ratio 3:2.
Preparation method is the same as embodiment 1.
Above description is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim.The equal variation or modification change completed under technical concept suggested by all present invention, should all belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of water-loss reducer of soil, which is characterized in that include following components according to parts by weight：
60~100 parts of stalk, give up 10~20 parts of silk, 5~10 parts of bentonite, 10~20 parts of sludge, 20~40 parts of potassium acrylate,
3~10 parts of cornstarch, 0.1~3 part of crosslinking agent, 0.1~2 part of initiator, 1~5 part of polymerizer.
2. water-loss reducer of soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stalk is wheat, rice, corn, rape
The stalk of one of which.
3. water-loss reducer of soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first pre-process stalk, preprocessing process
For：Stalk is dried, is shredded with shredding machine, then steam blasting, then carry out boiling with NaOH aqueous solutions, boiling temperature 130~
180 DEG C, 20~40min of digestion time by the stalk after boiling, are washed, filtered, and drying is for use.
4. water-loss reducer of soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sludge is farm's sludge.
5. water-loss reducer of soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the crosslinking agent is glycerine.
6. water-loss reducer of soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the initiator is hydrogen peroxide and persulfuric acid
Potassium.
7. the preparation method of the water-loss reducer of soil according to any claim 1-6, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps：
S1. pre-process
1) stalk dried, shredded with shredding machine, then steam blasting, straw powder material is made, then by stalk powder NaOH water
Solution carries out boiling, and 130~180 DEG C of boiling temperature, 20~40min of digestion time by the straw powder material after boiling, are washed, taken out
Filter, drying；
2) discarded silk is cleaned, dried and crush to obtain silk powder；
3) 1) treated straw powder material will be passed through and silk powder mixes, and obtain mixed powder；
4) sludge is dried for standby；
S2. graft copolymerization
Cornstarch, potassium acrylate, crosslinking agent, polymerizer and initiator are added in mixed powder into step S1, is stirred evenly
Afterwards, 1~3h of polymerisation obtains reactant；
S3. mix
Reactant prepared by step S2 is uniformly mixed with the sludge of bentonite and drying, then 10~20min of heating mixing, most
After dry, crush to obtain water-retaining agent particle.
8. the preparation method of water-loss reducer of soil according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in step S2, polymerisation temperature
It spends for 30~50 DEG C.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110055078A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-26 | 安徽泓森高科林业股份有限公司 | A kind of plant water keeping agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN116891749A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-10-17 | 中科聚垚环保新材料科技有限公司 | Waste engine oil soil body modifier and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102321486A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-01-18 | 华南农业大学 | Superabsorbent composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN102443107A (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2012-05-09 | 天津三农金科技有限公司 | Industrial synthesis method for producing potassium type water-retaining agent at normal temperature and pressure |
| CN104231176A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-24 | 张广洪 | Method for preparing water-retaining agent by using straws |
| CN105036965A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-11 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Water-retaining agent improving alfalfa drought tolerance and preparation method thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-12-15 CN CN201711345470.1A patent/CN108048105A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102443107A (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2012-05-09 | 天津三农金科技有限公司 | Industrial synthesis method for producing potassium type water-retaining agent at normal temperature and pressure |
| CN102321486A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-01-18 | 华南农业大学 | Superabsorbent composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN104231176A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-24 | 张广洪 | Method for preparing water-retaining agent by using straws |
| CN105036965A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-11 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Water-retaining agent improving alfalfa drought tolerance and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110055078A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-26 | 安徽泓森高科林业股份有限公司 | A kind of plant water keeping agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN116891749A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-10-17 | 中科聚垚环保新材料科技有限公司 | Waste engine oil soil body modifier and preparation method thereof |
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