CN108048022A - 一种矿用聚氨酯化学加固料及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种矿用聚氨酯化学加固料，由以下原料制备而成：多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯30‑40份、甘油聚醚多元醇10‑12份、固化剂3‑5份、催化剂2‑4份、发泡剂60‑80份、稳定剂2‑4份、增塑剂1‑3份、填料25‑35份。本发明的有益效果为：本发明加工工艺简单，科学规范，且配方合理，制备后的加固材料，在煤矿开挖中使用，可以实现扩大紧固半径和增加流动性的作用，保证了固化效果显著，粘接性能强，使用效果明显。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化学加固料加工技术领域，具体涉及一种矿用聚氨酯化学加固料及其制备工艺。
背景技术
煤矿支护加固材料，是在进行矿山生产建设中，不可或缺的材料之一，树脂锚固剂是加固材料中最为广泛的原料之一，但是在实际生产中，很多较为突出的问题，并不是锚固剂可以实现处理的，比如遇到松软、破碎有裂痕的煤层及顶板，锚固剂只能实现锚固住孔眼顶点及周围的煤壁，而不能扩大锚固半径，如遇到渗水的工作面或者巷道需要堵水时，用树脂锚固剂也不能实现固定，因此为了实现上述缺陷的改善，必须进行研发出具有流动、膨胀扩散渗透性强的加固材料。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种原料配方配比合理，加工工艺科学规范，使用效果好的矿用聚氨酯化学加固料及其制备工艺。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下技术方案来实现：
一种矿用聚氨酯化学加固料，其特征在于，由以下原料制备而成：
多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯30-40份、甘油聚醚多元醇10-12份、固化剂3-5 份、催化剂2-4份、发泡剂60-80份、稳定剂2-4份、增塑剂1-3份、填料25-35 份。
上述原料的优选组分为：多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯35份、甘油聚醚多元醇11份、固化剂4份、催化剂3份、发泡剂70份、稳定剂3份、增塑剂2份、填料30份；
上述原料中固化剂为二甲胺基丙胺；
上述原料中催化剂为叔胺；
上述原料中发泡剂为去离子水；
上述原料中稳定剂为硅油；
上述原料中增塑剂为环氧大豆油；
上述原料中的填料为墨烯纳米片6-8份、纳米二氧化硅3-5份、硬脂酸钠1-3份、硬脂酸钙2-4份和碳酸钙1-3份的复配组合物。
制备上述矿用聚氨酯化学加固料的方法，其特征在于，包括下述步骤：
1)将原料中的多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯和甘油聚醚多元醇加入搅拌罐中，然后再将原料中的水发泡剂加入其中，充分搅拌25-35min；
2)待上述步骤1处理结束后，将原料中的催化剂、稳定剂和增塑剂加入其中，继续搅拌3-5min；
3)将上述原料中的填料预先进行充分研磨粉碎，得到颗粒细度为15-25um 的组分，备用；
4)将上述步骤3中的原料加入步骤2中的搅拌罐中，充分搅拌均匀后，即可获得。
本发明中，采用多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯、甘油聚醚多元醇作为基础原料进行原料制备，充分保证了胶体的粘稠度，然后通过二甲胺基丙胺作为固化剂、水作为发泡剂、叔胺作为催化剂、硅油作为稳定剂和环氧大豆油作为的增塑剂进行添加使用，确保了产品的实际流动性能，膨胀扩散渗透的性能，从而弥补了现有技术的不足。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明加工工艺简单，科学规范，且配方合理，制备后的加固材料，在煤矿开挖中使用，可以实现扩大紧固半径和增加流动性的作用，保证了固化效果显著，粘接性能强，使用效果明显。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
一种矿用聚氨酯化学加固料，由以下原料制备而成：
多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯30kg、甘油聚醚多元醇10kg、固化剂3kg、催化剂2kg、发泡剂60kg、稳定剂2kg、增塑剂1kg、填料25kg。
上述原料中固化剂为二甲胺基丙胺；
上述原料中催化剂为叔胺；
上述原料中发泡剂为去离子水；
上述原料中稳定剂为硅油；
上述原料中增塑剂为环氧大豆油；
上述原料中的填料为墨烯纳米片6kg、纳米二氧化硅3kg、硬脂酸钠1kg、硬脂酸钙2kg和碳酸钙1kg的复配组合物。
制备上述矿用聚氨酯化学加固料的方法，包括下述步骤：
1)将原料中的多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯和甘油聚醚多元醇加入搅拌罐中，然后再将原料中的水发泡剂加入其中，充分搅拌35min；
2)待上述步骤1处理结束后，将原料中的催化剂、稳定剂和增塑剂加入其中，继续搅拌3-5min；
3)将上述原料中的填料预先进行充分研磨粉碎，得到颗粒细度为25um的组分，备用；
4)将上述步骤3中的原料加入步骤2中的搅拌罐中，充分搅拌均匀后，即可获得。
实施例2
一种矿用聚氨酯化学加固料，由以下原料制备而成：
多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯35kg、甘油聚醚多元醇11kg、固化剂4kg、催化剂3kg、发泡剂70kg、稳定剂3kg、增塑剂2kg、填料30kg；
上述原料中固化剂为二甲胺基丙胺；
上述原料中催化剂为叔胺；
上述原料中发泡剂为去离子水；
上述原料中稳定剂为硅油；
上述原料中增塑剂为环氧大豆油；
上述原料中的填料为墨烯纳米片7kg、纳米二氧化硅4kg、硬脂酸钠2kg、硬脂酸钙3kg和碳酸钙2kg的复配组合物。
制备上述矿用聚氨酯化学加固料的方法，其特征在于，包括下述步骤：
1)将原料中的多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯和甘油聚醚多元醇加入搅拌罐中，然后再将原料中的水发泡剂加入其中，充分搅拌25min；
2)待上述步骤1处理结束后，将原料中的催化剂、稳定剂和增塑剂加入其中，继续搅拌3-5min；
3)将上述原料中的填料预先进行充分研磨粉碎，得到颗粒细度为15um的组分，备用；
4)将上述步骤3中的原料加入步骤2中的搅拌罐中，充分搅拌均匀后，即可获得。
以下为本申请中矿用聚氨酯化学加固料的性能检测报告：
| 序号 | 项目 | 技术指标 | 检测结果 | 本项结论 |
| 1 | 发泡时间(s) | ≥25 | 50 | 合格 |
| 2 | 发泡倍数(倍) | ≥2 | 8 | 合格 |
| 3 | 抗压强度(MPa) | ≥0.2 | 1.5 | 合格 |
| 4 | 扩散半径(m) | ≥0.1 | 0.8 | 合格 |
| 5 | 不挥发物含量(固体含量)％ | ≥99 | 99.6 | 合格 |
由此可见，本申请中制备的矿用聚氨酯化学加固料其实际的性能指标均高于现有常规指标，特别是针对于其实际的扩散半径，高于常规值0.7m，因此可以有效的使用与非常规煤矿开采中使用的加固材料。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (9)
1.一种矿用聚氨酯化学加固料，其特征在于，由以下原料制备而成：多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯30-40份、甘油聚醚多元醇10-12份、固化剂3-5份、催化剂2-4份、发泡剂60-80份、稳定剂2-4份、增塑剂1-3份、填料25-35份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种矿用聚氨酯化学加固料，其特征在于：各原料的优选分量为：多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯35份、甘油聚醚多元醇11份、固化剂4份、催化剂3份、发泡剂70份、稳定剂3份、增塑剂2份、填料30份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种矿用聚氨酯化学加固料，其特征在于：所述的固化剂为二甲胺基丙胺。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种矿用聚氨酯化学加固料，其特征在于：所述的中催化剂为叔胺。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种矿用聚氨酯化学加固料，其特征在于：所述的发泡剂为去离子水。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种矿用聚氨酯化学加固料，其特征在于：所述的稳定剂为硅油。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种矿用聚氨酯化学加固料，其特征在于：所述的增塑剂为环氧大豆油。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种矿用聚氨酯化学加固料，其特征在于：所述的填料为墨烯纳米片6-8份、纳米二氧化硅3-5份、硬脂酸钠1-3份、硬脂酸钙2-4份和碳酸钙1-3份的复配组合物。
9.应用上述权利要求1或2中矿用聚氨酯化学加固料的方法，其特征在于，包括下述步骤：
1)将原料中的多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯和甘油聚醚多元醇加入搅拌罐中，然后再将原料中的水发泡剂加入其中，充分搅拌25-35min；
2)待上述步骤1处理结束后，将原料中的催化剂、稳定剂和增塑剂加入其中，继续搅拌3-5min；
3)将上述原料中的填料预先进行充分研磨粉碎，得到颗粒细度为15-25um的组分，备用；
4)将上述步骤3中的原料加入步骤2中的搅拌罐中，充分搅拌均匀后，即可获得。
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| CN101906203A (zh) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-12-08 | 强军锋 | 大型块状聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料及其制备工艺 |
| CN102702728A (zh) * | 2012-01-05 | 2012-10-03 | 北京东方雨虹防水技术股份有限公司 | 一种聚氨酯注浆堵水-加固材料及制备方法和使用方法 |
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| CN102702728A (zh) * | 2012-01-05 | 2012-10-03 | 北京东方雨虹防水技术股份有限公司 | 一种聚氨酯注浆堵水-加固材料及制备方法和使用方法 |
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