CN108046434B

CN108046434B - Stabilization pond

Info

Publication number: CN108046434B
Application number: CN201711217151.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟令鑫; 胡天媛; 宫政
Original assignee: Cecep Guozhen Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Cecep Guozhen Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-11-28
Filing date: 2017-11-28
Publication date: 2021-06-04
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-28
Also published as: CN108046434A

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel stabilization pond, which comprises a pond body, wherein the inside of the pond body is sequentially divided into a transition region, an ecological comprehensive region and a clear water region along the water flow direction, any two adjacent regions are separated by a flow guide wall, a water passing port is formed in the flow guide wall, and any two adjacent water passing ports are distributed in a staggered manner; single types of submerged plants are planted in the transition area, the ecological comprehensive area and the clear water area respectively; membrane aeration devices are arranged in the buffer transition area and the comprehensive ecological area; a slag removing device is arranged between any two adjacent guide rails. According to the invention, through the structural arrangement of the stabilization pond, the reasonable planting of submerged plants and the comprehensive arrangement of the membrane aeration device, on one hand, pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and the like in water can be rapidly removed, and the impact of natural low-temperature environment on the system is reduced; on the other hand, the rotten leaves of the residual branches of the submerged plants can be effectively salvaged, and the efficient and stable operation of the system is guaranteed.

Description

Stabilization pond

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of environmental pollution treatment, in particular to a stabilization pond.

Background

In our country, especially in areas with water shortage and drought, biostabilization ponds are an effective method for implementing resource utilization of sewage, and for many years, cases of treating sewage by using stabilization ponds are continuously increased, the stabilization ponds rely on natural biological purification function to purify sewage, the sewage slowly flows in the ponds, and after long-term residence, metabolic activity of organisms in the stabilization ponds degrades pollutants and purifies sewage.

Research shows that due to slow water body flow, a plurality of local small environments of different types are easily formed in the existing part of the stabilization pond, the growth environments of microbial populations and the growth conditions of aquatic plants in the areas are complex and changeable, and the condition that the aerobic decomposition requirement of microorganisms on organic matters cannot be met by the transfer and release of oxygen by the aquatic plants exists. In the daytime, due to photosynthesis of plants, dissolved oxygen in water is rich, aerobic microorganisms grow and reproduce rapidly, and at night, respiration of the plants is dominant, the water is in an anoxic state for a long time, the dissolved oxygen in the water is low, the removal effect of organic matters and ammonia nitrogen is poor, the water body becomes turbid, the local water quality is deteriorated, and a large amount of aquatic plants and attached microorganisms are killed.

In a stable pond, the growth of aquatic plants and microorganisms can be performed under the condition of proper environment, and if the aquatic plants and the microorganisms are influenced by external adverse environments, such as ultrahigh water inlet load, cold temperature in winter and the like, a large number of aquatic plants which originally grow well are easily killed, and the activity of attached microorganisms is limited to a certain extent. The remedy and recovery after the system breakdown need the input of a large amount of manpower and material resources, and generally, the natural type stabilization pond system is also very fragile, and the risk of the system breakdown is large.

In addition, the sewage and wastewater are purified by using the stabilization pond, the first premise is to ensure the effective survival of aquatic animals and plants, and a good growth environment is artificially created to maintain the normal operation of the stabilization pond system. In recent years, with the increasing use cases of stabilization ponds, the planting of aquatic plants in engineering is changed from the original single species to the simultaneous planting of a plurality of aquatic plants, on one hand, the aquatic plants grow rapidly and compete violently in limited water bodies, and the phenomenon of excessive propagation of dominant populations is easy to generate; on the other hand, the growth environment is relatively suitable, the aquatic plants grow and metabolize rapidly, residual branches and crushed leaves are easily generated on the surface of a pond body, manual long-term salvage and maintenance are needed, generally, in order to maintain the stability of the system, a large amount of manpower is needed to be allocated, and the water quality of the system is deteriorated and secondary pollution is caused due to slight mismanagement or untimely disposal in emergency. Therefore, the stability of the system is enhanced, the capability of resisting external adverse factors is improved, and the maintenance of the health balance of the system is an important problem which needs to be concerned in the technical application of the stabilization pond.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a stabilization pond, which can rapidly remove pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and the like in water and reduce the impact of natural low-temperature environment on a system through the structural arrangement of the stabilization pond, the reasonable planting of submerged plants and the comprehensive arrangement of a membrane aeration device; on the other hand, the rotten leaves of the residual branches of the submerged plants can be effectively salvaged, and the efficient and stable operation of the system is guaranteed.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a stabilization pond comprises a pond body, wherein the inside of the pond body is sequentially divided into a transition region, an ecological comprehensive region and a clear water region along the water flow direction, any two adjacent regions are separated by a flow guide wall, a water passing port is formed in the flow guide wall, and any two adjacent water passing ports are distributed in a staggered manner; single types of submerged plants are planted in the transition area, the ecological comprehensive area and the clear water area respectively; membrane aeration devices are arranged in the buffer transition area and the comprehensive ecological area; guide rails are arranged at the top of the guide wall, and a slag removing device is arranged between any two adjacent guide rails.

Preferably, the hydraulic retention time ratio of the transition region, the ecological comprehensive region and the clear water region is 3:2:3: 2.

Preferably, the submerged plant in the transition area is one of hydrilla verticillata, goldfish algae, elodea nutans and water folium agrestis, and the planting density is 20-40 clusters/square meter; the submerged plants in the ecological area and the ecological comprehensive area are one of watermifoil, eel grass, arrowhead algae and potamogeton malaianus, and the planting density is 30-60 clusters per square meter; the submerged plants in the clear water area are tape grass, and the planting density is 25-50 clusters/square meter.

Preferably, the membrane aeration device is a microporous membrane aeration assembly, and the installation position of the membrane aeration device is 30-50cm away from the pool bottom.

Preferably, the slag removal device comprises a cross beam arranged between two adjacent guide rails through a clamping groove, hook rake teeth are fixed at the lower end of the cross beam, and a screen is fixed between the hook rake teeth.

Preferably, the distance between the rake teeth with the hooks is 5-15cm, and the rake teeth with the hooks are 5-30cm deep below the water surface.

Preferably, the aperture of the screen is 2-20 mm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention firstly divides the stabilization pond into a buffer transition area, an ecological comprehensive area and a clear water area through the guide wall, water passing ports on the guide wall are distributed in a staggered way, so that water flows pass through all the areas in a baffling state, membrane aeration devices are arranged in the buffer transition area and the ecological comprehensive area, the membrane aeration devices are used for resisting high load in the buffer area, and when the water inlet concentration is suddenly higher, pollutants can be rapidly decomposed by utilizing aeration, so that the impact of the high load on submerged plants is reduced; the comprehensive ecological area is provided with membrane aeration for better denitrification; so that the stabilization pond forms an aerobic and anoxic state to facilitate denitrification.

The membrane aeration device is used for assisting submerged plants to exert the denitrification function, and has the function of microorganism attachment, the membrane aeration device is a membrane-hanging aeration integrated component, and for this reason, on the other hand, the stability of the whole system (the anti-risk capability is improved) can be maintained through the on and off of the aeration of the membrane aeration device, for example, when the submerged plants are relatively stable, the aeration can control the on-off frequency according to the concentration of dissolved oxygen in a pool body, at this time, the membrane aeration component is used for assisting the submerged plants to create an external environment suitable for the dissolved oxygen, if the growth environment of the submerged plants is not good (the reason can be that the water inlet concentration is suddenly high or the external temperature is low and other adverse factors are unfavorable), the denitrification and dephosphorization of the submerged plants are not good, the membrane aeration device can be used as a double insurance, and because the microorganism attachment of the membrane aeration device also has a, the overall removal efficiency of the system can be ensured.

Secondly, according to different characteristics of each region of the stabilization pond, a specific single type of submerged plant is planted, so that the stabilization pond has stronger impact load resistance and water quality purification effect.

Finally, the slag removing device is arranged between two adjacent guide walls, and the residual branches and broken leaves of the submerged plants in each section of the stable pond can be periodically and automatically salvaged by matching with the traction device, so that the manual maintenance cost is reduced.

According to the invention, through the structural arrangement of the stabilization pond, the reasonable planting of submerged plants and the comprehensive arrangement of the membrane aeration device, on one hand, pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and the like in water can be rapidly removed, and the impact of natural low-temperature environment on the system is reduced; on the other hand, the rotten leaves of the residual branches of the submerged plants can be effectively salvaged, and the efficient and stable operation of the system is guaranteed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the slag removing device of the present invention;

wherein: 1-a pool body, 2-a transition area, 3-an ecological area, 4-an ecological comprehensive area, 5-a clear water area, 6-a guide wall, 61-a guide rail, 7-a water passing hole, 8-a slag removing device, 81-a cross beam, 82-a clamping groove, 83-a rake tooth with a hook, 84-a screen, 9-submerged plants, 10-submerged plants, 11-submerged plants, 12-a microporous membrane aeration component, 13-a water inlet and 14-a water outlet.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

referring to fig. 1, the stabilization pond comprises a pond body 1, the inside of the pond body 1 is sequentially divided into a transition area 2, an ecological area 3, an ecological comprehensive area 4 and a clear water area 5 along the water flow direction, any two adjacent areas are separated by a guide wall 6, a water passing opening 7 is formed in the guide wall 6, and any two adjacent water passing openings 7 are distributed in a staggered manner, so that water flows pass through each area in a baffling manner.

Single types of submerged

plants

9, 10 and 11 are respectively planted in the transition area 2, the ecological area 3, the ecological comprehensive area 4 and the clear water area 5, the submerged plant 9 in the transition area 2 is one of hydrilla verticillata, goldfish algae, elodea algae and water-containing Nemacystus decipiens, and the planting density is 20-40 clusters per square meter; the submerged plant 10 in the ecological area 3 and the ecological comprehensive area 4 is one of foxtail algae, eel grass, arrowroot algae and potamogeton malaianus, the planting density is 30-60 clusters/square meter, and the submerged plant 11 in the clear water area 5 is eel grass, the planting density is 25-50 clusters/square meter.

Microporous membrane aeration components 12 are arranged in the transition zone 2 and the comprehensive ecological zone 4, and the installation position of the microporous membrane aeration components 12 is 30-50cm away from the pool bottom.

Referring to fig. 2, guide rails 61 are arranged on the top of the guide wall 6, and a slag removal device 8 is installed between any two adjacent guide rails 61. The slag removal device 8 designed and adopted in the embodiment comprises a cross beam 81, two ends of the cross beam 81 are connected with two adjacent guide rails 61 through clamping grooves 82, hook-carrying rake teeth 83 are fixed at the lower end of the cross beam 81, the distance between the hook-carrying rake teeth is 5-15cm, and the hook-carrying rake teeth are 5-30cm deep below the water surface. A screen 84 is fixed between the rake teeth 83 with hooks, and the aperture of the screen is 2-20 mm. The cross beam 81 can be driven by the traction equipment to reciprocate back and forth along the guide rail 61, so that the broken branches and leaves in each area can be salvaged and cleaned.

The hydraulic retention time ratio of the buffer transition area 2, the ecological area 3, the ecological comprehensive area 4 and the clear water area 5 is 3:2:3: 2.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: sewage firstly enters the transition area 2 through the water inlet 13, the submerged plant 9 with strong stain resistance and the microorganisms attached to the submerged plant 9 in the area adsorb and decompose pollutants in the sewage, macromolecular organic matters which are difficult to degrade are converted into micromolecular organic matters which are easy to degrade, the microporous membrane aeration component 12 provides oxygen required for growth for the submerged plant 7 and the microorganisms in the transition area 2, and meanwhile, the microporous membrane aeration component 12 can also be used as a microorganism attachment carrier, so that the microorganism amount in the area is increased.

Sewage in the transition zone 2 enters the ecological zone 3 along the guide wall 6, plants the submerged plant 10 that the soil-release ability is strong in the ecological zone 3, and the pollutant in the sewage is absorbed and decomposed to submerged plant 10 and the adnexed microorganism on it, and night is because plant metabolism consumes, and the regional interior dissolved oxygen content reduces, forms the oxygen deficiency environment, and under the oxygen deficiency condition, adnexed microorganism passes through denitrification on the submerged plant 10, removes the nitrogen in the sewage.

Then the sewage enters the ecological comprehensive area 4 along the guide wall 6, submerged plants 10 with strong dirt-removing capacity are planted in the ecological comprehensive area 4, and under the aeration condition of the microporous membrane aeration component 12, residual pollutants in the sewage are further removed under the action of the submerged plants 10 and microorganisms attached to the submerged plants.

Finally, the sewage enters the clean water area 5, suspended substances in the sewage are settled and removed under the action of gravity, and clean water is discharged from the water outlet 14. During the process, the slag removing device 8 is driven by a traction device on the guide wall 6 and can move back and forth along the guide rail 61, the rake teeth 83 with hooks on the cross beam 81 extend into the residual branches and broken leaves of the submerged plants to be fished, and the screen 84 arranged at the upper part of the rake teeth 83 with hooks and close to the water surface is used for fishing the floating slag on the water surface.

The following are specific application examples of the present invention:

engineering design stabilizes sewage treatment capacity 5000m in pond³D, average influent water quality COD is52mg/L, 9.5mg/L ammonia nitrogen and 0.85mg/L TP. The stable pond designed by the invention is adopted for treatment, wherein the hydraulic retention time ratio of a stable pond system transition region, an ecological comprehensive region and a clear water region is 3:2:3: 2; the hydrilla verticillata is planted in the transition area, and the planting density is 35 clusters/square meter; planting Malaysia malabarica in the ecological area and the comprehensive ecological area at a planting density of 50 clusters/square meter; the bitter herbs are planted in the clear water area, and the planting density is 25 clusters/square meter. The distance between the hook rake teeth arranged on the slag removing device is 8cm, and the hook rake teeth extend to 25cm below the water surface; the aperture of the screen mesh arranged between the rake teeth with the hooks is 10mm, and the slag removing device operates for 3 times a day.

The results after the engineering implementation show that: the average COD of the effluent is 28.5mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is 0.3mg/L, the TP is 0.1mg/L, and the inside of a stabilization pond system is basically free of branches and leaves. The slag removal device consumes 7.5 degrees of electricity once in operation, and the monthly electricity expense is about 1410 yuan; the manual salvage with the same workload needs 2 persons every day, the wages are counted according to 1500 yuan/person, and 3000 yuan is needed in one month; compared with manual fishing, the fishing cost can be saved by 53% by using the slag removing device.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stabilization pond, characterized in that: the ecological sewage treatment system comprises a pool body, wherein the pool body is sequentially divided into a transition area, an ecological comprehensive area and a clean water area along the water flow direction, any two adjacent areas are separated by a flow guide wall, a water passing opening is formed in the flow guide wall, and any two adjacent water passing openings are distributed in a staggered manner; single types of submerged plants are planted in the transition area, the ecological comprehensive area and the clear water area respectively; membrane aeration devices are arranged in the transition region and the ecological comprehensive region; guide rails are arranged at the top of the guide wall, and a slag removal device is arranged between any two adjacent guide rails;

the hydraulic retention time ratio of the transition area, the ecological comprehensive area and the clear water area is 3:2:3: 2; the submerged plant in the transition area is one of hydrilla verticillata, goldfish algae, waterweed and water-retaining grass, and the planting density is 20-40 clusters/square meter; the submerged plants in the ecological area and the ecological comprehensive area are one of watermifoil, eel grass, arrowhead algae and potamogeton malaianus, and the planting density is 30-60 clusters per square meter; the submerged plants in the clear water area are tape grass, and the planting density is 25-50 clusters/square meter; the membrane aeration device is a microporous membrane aeration component, and the installation position of the membrane aeration device is 30-50cm away from the pool bottom; the slag removing device comprises a cross beam which is arranged between two adjacent guide rails through a clamping groove, hook harrow teeth are fixed at the lower end of the cross beam, and a screen is fixed between the hook harrow teeth; the distance between the hook-carrying rake teeth is 5-15cm, and the hook-carrying rake teeth are 5-30cm deep below the water surface; the aperture of the screen is 2-20 mm.