CN108040933A - 一种工厂化高密度养殖珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的方法 - Google Patents
一种工厂化高密度养殖珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种工厂化高密度养殖珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的方法,该方法包括如下步骤:育苗和养殖水泥池池底呈15度坡度漏斗状,池底中心为最低点并设置用于排除沉淀物的排污口;养殖用水:沙滤海水,经曝气、紫外线消毒、过滤后使用;选择不带感染病毒的6~8cm的鱼苗;鱼苗先放养在育苗水泥池中,待养至12cm左右,再放养在养殖水泥池中;放苗时,向养殖用水中加泼水解毒VC;放养过程中控制水温、盐度、pH、溶解氧、氨氮在要求范围内;每天投喂一次缓沉性饲料,并在饲料中加拌复合维生素、低聚糖和三黄散,吃食完毕后,换水清污;饲料每三天加拌一次乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌。与现有技术相比,本发明方法可实现珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的高密度工厂化养殖。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水产养殖领域,具体涉及一种工厂化高密度养殖珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的方法。
背景技术
珍珠龙胆石斑鱼又称龙虎斑或珍珠斑,其肉质细嫩、成长快速、抗病力强,有虎斑头、龙胆尾的外型,商品鱼市场价格好,也可以做为观赏鱼,市场前景广阔。
专利申请201210289727.7公开了一种工厂化养殖石斑鱼的方法,其包括以下步骤:(1)水泥池的设计:池底为小斜坡式,在池底最低处设一排水口,便于底部排污;另外在距池面50cm池壁处也设一排水口,便于排掉浮在上层的一些石斑鱼分泌粘液;(2)养殖用水:沙滤海水;(3)鱼苗的选择:选择活力强,体形正常,不带神经坏死病毒的10cm以上的鱼苗;(4)石斑鱼的养殖:每天投喂一次饲料,投喂前升高水位到1.2m以上,投食量以八成饱为宜,投料时遵循先快后慢的原则;石斑鱼吃食完毕后,适当换一部分水;每两天拌一次芽孢杆菌投喂;光照强烈时注意遮阳,每天吸一次底。该方法可以提高石斑鱼的成活率,降低饲料系数,但放苗密度降低,只有8~10斤/m3,不适应于高密度养殖。
专利申请201010164806.6公开了一种低盐度养殖斜带石斑鱼的方法,该方法通过人工逐渐淡化、驯化,实现在盐度低于8‰,但不低于4‰的水体中养殖石斑鱼,但其放苗密度相对更低,只有480克/m3左右。
发明内容
针对背景技术中提及的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种工厂化高密度养殖珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种工厂化高密度养殖珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)育苗水泥池和养殖水泥池的设计:池底呈15度坡度漏斗状,池底中心为最低点并设置用于排除沉淀物的排污口;
(2)养殖用水:沙滤海水,经曝气10~14天后,再经过紫外线消毒,过滤后使用;
(3)鱼苗的选择:选择规格均匀,活力强,体形正常,不带感染病毒的6~8cm的鱼苗;
(4)养殖:鱼苗先按密度为20~25kg/m3放养在育苗水泥池中,待养至12cm左右,再按密度为15~20kg/m3放养在养殖水泥池中;放苗时,向养殖用水中加泼水解毒VC;放养过程中水温控制在23~30℃之间,盐度为13~18‰,pH 8.0~8.3,溶解氧10~12mg/L,氨氮小于0.2mg/L;每天投喂一次缓沉性饲料,并在饲料中加拌复合维生素5g/kg、低聚糖5g/kg和三黄散3g/kg,吃食完毕后,换水清污;饲料每三天加拌一次乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌。
优选地,所述育苗水泥池的面积22~26m2,池深1.5m,水深1~1.2m;所述养殖水泥池的面积670~700m2,池深2.5m,水深1.6~1.8m。
优选地,鱼苗在放养到育苗水泥池之前,先用聚维酮碘溶液药浴10~20分钟。
更优选地,聚维酮碘溶液的浓度为30mg/L。
优选地,步骤(4)采用蛋白含量在45wt%以上的缓沉性饲料。
优选地,所述复合维生素为维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K3、维生素B1和维生素B2。
优选地,骤(4)中,饲料中加拌的乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌的浓度分别为50亿/kg和70亿/kg。
优选地,步骤(4)中,每次饲料投喂遵循先快后慢的原则,直至鱼群不再抢食结束投喂。
与现有技术相比,本发明方法可实现珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的高密度工厂化养殖,成活率可达到90%左右,降低养殖成本。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明内容中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
1.水泥池的设计:水泥池分为育苗水泥池和养殖水泥池,均为保温效果好的陆基水泥池温室,坐北朝南,顶棚南向采光,顶棚设有可拆卸遮阳网;水泥池池底呈15度坡度漏斗状,池底中心为最低点并设置排污口用于排除沉淀物,池底铺充气管,由气泵统一供气,使用液氧增压供气方式,保持水中溶氧10~12mg/L,漂白粉消毒液消毒后使用;其中,育苗水泥池面积22~26m2,池深1.5m,水深1~1.2m,养殖水泥池面积670~700m2,池深2.5m,水深1.6~1.8m。
2.养殖用水:沙滤海水,经蓄水曝气10~14天后,经过紫外线消毒,高位过滤后使用;
3.鱼苗的选择:选择规格均匀,活力强,体形正常,不带感染病毒的6~8cm的鱼苗;
4.养殖:鱼苗先在育苗水泥池放养,放苗密度为20~25kg/m3,鱼苗养至12cm左右大小时放养到养殖水泥池中,养殖密度15~20kg/m3,鱼苗在放入育苗水泥池前,先在30mg/L的聚维酮碘里药浴10~20分钟;放苗时,向养殖用水中加泼水解毒VC(北京桑普生物化学技术有限公司,商品名:泼水解毒VC,用量:200g/亩水面);放养过程中,每天检测一次水质,水温控制在23~30℃之间,盐度13~18‰,pH 8.0~8.3,溶解氧10~12mg/L,氨氮小于0.2mg/L。在石斑鱼的整个生长期,每天投喂一次缓沉性石斑鱼专用配合饲料(福州海马饲料有限公司,蛋白含量在45wt%以上),投喂前加拌维生素复合添加剂(厦门兴牧威动物保健品有限公司,商品名:渔用系列维生素预混料,成份为维生素A,维生素D3,维生素E,维生素K3,维生素B1,维生素B2)5g/kg饲料、低聚糖(厦门惠赢动物科技有限公司,商品名:低聚糖-800)5g/kg饲料和三黄散(黄芩30重量份、黄柏30重量份、大黄30重量份与大青叶10重量份)3g/kg饲料。饲料颗粒直径随着石斑鱼生长逐步增加,因石斑鱼摄食量受水温和气候影响,故进行定时非定量投喂,投食量以八成饱为宜,每次投料时遵循先快后慢的原则,直至鱼群不再抢食结束投喂,石斑鱼吃食完毕后,换1/3水,对养殖池进行吸污处理,清理粪便及残饵,光照强烈时注意遮阳。每三天添加一次乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌,与饲料搅拌均匀投喂,搅拌后饲料中乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌的浓度分别为50亿/kg和70亿/kg,用于改善养殖鱼肠道微生物环境,促进健康生长。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种工厂化高密度养殖珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)育苗水泥池和养殖水泥池的设计:池底呈15度坡度漏斗状,池底中心为最低点并设置用于排除沉淀物的排污口;
(2)养殖用水:沙滤海水,经曝气10~14天后,再经过紫外线消毒,过滤后使用;
(3)鱼苗的选择:选择规格均匀,活力强,体形正常,不带感染病毒的6~8cm的鱼苗;
(4)养殖:鱼苗先按密度为20~25kg/m3放养在育苗水泥池中,待养至12cm左右,再按密度为15~20kg/m3放养在养殖水泥池中;放苗时,向养殖用水中加泼水解毒VC;放养过程中水温控制在23~30℃之间,盐度为13~18‰,pH 8.0~8.3,溶解氧10~12mg/L,氨氮小于0.2mg/L;每天投喂一次缓沉性饲料,并在饲料中加拌复合维生素5g/kg、低聚糖5g/kg和三黄散3g/kg,吃食完毕后,换水清污;饲料每三天加拌一次乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述育苗水泥池的面积22~26m2,池深1.5m,水深1~1.2m;所述养殖水泥池的面积670~700m2,池深2.5m,水深1.6~1.8m。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:鱼苗在放养到育苗水泥池之前,先用聚维酮碘溶液药浴10~20分钟。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于:聚维酮碘溶液的浓度为30mg/L。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)采用蛋白含量在45wt%以上的缓沉性饲料。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述复合维生素为维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K3、维生素B1和维生素B2。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,饲料中加拌的乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌的浓度分别为50亿/kg和70亿/kg。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,每次饲料投喂遵循先快后慢的原则,直至鱼群不再抢食结束投喂。
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