CN108017223B - Steroid pharmaceutical wastewater treatment method - Google Patents
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- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
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- C02F1/46176—Galvanic cells
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- C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
- C02F2103/343—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the pharmaceutical industry, e.g. containing antibiotics
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- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
Abstract
The invention discloses a steroid pharmaceutical wastewater treatment method, which comprises the following steps: 1) classifying and collecting the wastewater into three parts; 2) the water quality and the water quantity of the low-concentration wastewater are adjusted,adjusting the quality and quantity of high-solvent wastewater and the quality and quantity of high-salinity wastewater; 3) continuously removing the solvent and the grease which are not completely removed in the early pretreatment; 4) adjusting the pH value to be acidic, and degrading organic matters which are difficult to be biochemically degraded by utilizing a micro-electrolysis principle; 5) using Fenton reagent Fe2+/H2O2Removing refractory organics, and also removing chromaticity, SS and colloid; 6) adjusting and balancing the water quality and the water quantity; 7) the biodegradability of the wastewater is improved, and the toxicity of the wastewater is reduced; 8) entering an aerobic system for removing C, N and phosphorus; 9) removing hormone substances, and precipitating in final precipitation tank to reach discharge standard. The invention can reduce the salt content, COD concentration, N concentration and phosphorus concentration in the wastewater and completely remove organic solvents and hormone substances in the wastewater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a steroid pharmaceutical wastewater treatment method.
Background
The steroid hormone pharmaceutical wastewater is characterized in that: a. an organic solvent; b. hormone-containing substances; c. the salt content is high; high COD concentration; e. the concentration of N is high; f. the biodegradability is poor. At present, the conventional wastewater treatment method can only remove one or more harmful substances in the wastewater generally, and all the harmful substances in the steroid hormone pharmaceutical wastewater cannot be completely removed even if the several treatment methods are simply combined, so that the steroid hormone pharmaceutical wastewater treatment becomes a problem in the current wastewater treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides the steroid pharmaceutical wastewater treatment method which can reduce the salt content, COD concentration, N concentration and phosphorus concentration in wastewater and completely remove organic solvents and hormone substances in the wastewater.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a steroid pharmaceutical wastewater treatment method comprises the following steps:
1) the wastewater is classified and collected into three parts: high solvent wastewater, high salt-containing wastewater and low concentration wastewater; classifying and collecting three strands of wastewater, and performing quality-based treatment;
2) the low-concentration wastewater directly enters a low-concentration wastewater regulating reservoir for water quality and water quantity regulation, the high-solvent wastewater enters a high-concentration wastewater regulating reservoir for water quality and water quantity regulation after desolventizing treatment, and the high-salt wastewater also enters a high-concentration wastewater regulating reservoir for water quality and water quantity regulation after desalting treatment;
3) the water discharged from the high-concentration wastewater adjusting tank is pumped to a cavitation air flotation machine through a water pump, and the solvent and the grease which are not completely removed in the early pretreatment are continuously removed, so that the stable operation of a subsequent treatment system is ensured;
4) the effluent of the cavitation air flotation machine enters an Fe/C reaction tank, the pH is adjusted to be acidic, and microorganisms difficult to biochemically degrade are degraded by utilizing the micro-electrolysis principle;
5) the effluent of the Fe/C reaction tank and the effluent of the low-concentration wastewater adjusting tank both enter a Fenton reaction tank, and a Fenton reagent Fe is utilized2+/H2O2Removing refractory organics, and simultaneously removing chromaticity, SS and colloid; the water discharged from the Fenton reaction tank enters a materialized sedimentation tank to complete the sludge-water separation process of materialized sludge and wastewater;
6) the effluent of the physical and chemical sedimentation tank enters a water quality and quantity balancing tank to adjust and balance the water quality and quantity, so as to ensure that the water quality and quantity entering a biochemical treatment system are kept stable;
7) the effluent of the water quality and quantity balancing tank is pumped to the anaerobic hydrolysis tank through a water pump, so that the biodegradability of the wastewater is improved, and the toxicity of the wastewater is reduced;
8) the effluent of the anaerobic hydrolysis tank enters an aerobic system for removing C, N and phosphorus;
9) and the effluent of the aerobic system enters an inactivation tank to remove hormone substances, and the effluent of the inactivation tank enters a final sedimentation tank to be precipitated and then discharged after reaching the standard.
Preferably, the high-solvent wastewater in the step 2) is subjected to desolventizing treatment by using a rotating bed, and the high-salt wastewater is subjected to desalting treatment by using MVR; fe is generated in the Fe/C reaction tank in the step 4)2+、Fe3+And the catalyst is used as a subsequent Fenton reaction catalyst, so that the subsequent Fenton reaction dosage is reduced.
Preferably, the iron carbon in the step 4) is microThe electrolysis is the result of the comprehensive effect of flocculation, adsorption, bridging, sweeping, coprecipitation, electrodeposition and electrochemical reduction, and can effectively remove pollutants at low level and improve the biodegradability of the wastewater; iron-carbon microelectrolysis is based on electrochemical cell reactions, when iron and carbon are immersed in an electrolyte solution, countless microelectrolytic systems are formed due to the 1.2V electrode potential difference between Fe and C, and an electric field is formed in the action space of the microelectrolytic systems, so that a large amount of nascent Fe is generated on the surface of newly generated iron and in the reaction2+And the atom H has high chemical activity, can change the structure and the characteristics of a plurality of organic matters in the wastewater, and leads the organic matters to generate chain scission and ring opening; fe in the other reaction2+、Fe3+And the hydrate thereof has strong adsorption flocculation activity and can further improve the treatment effect.
Preferably, the Fenton agent adopted in the Fenton reaction tank in the step 5) is H2O2Oxidizing agent and Fe2+The catalyst and the waste water can react to generate hydroxyl radicals under proper pH, and the high oxidation capacity of the hydroxyl radicals reacts with organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the waste water to decompose and oxidize the organic matters, thereby reducing the COD which is difficult to biodegrade in the waste water.
Preferably, Fe is in a Fenton reaction cell2+And H2O2The reaction will form Fe3+The effluent of the Fenton reaction tank is subjected to pH adjustment to be neutral in a pH adjustment tank to form Fe (OH)3And aggregating into large particles in a flocculation tank by means of a polymer, and then removing the large particles in a physical and chemical sedimentation tank.
Preferably, the anaerobic hydrolysis tank in the step 7) is provided with a filler, a large amount of sludge-aged microorganisms are attached to and inhabit the filler, and the microorganisms convert complex-structure organic matters which are difficult to biodegrade in the sewage into simple-structure organic matters which are easy to utilize and absorb by the microorganisms, so that the biodegradability of the sewage is improved, and the subsequent aerobic biological treatment is facilitated.
Preferably, the aerobic system in the step 8) adopts a two-section A/O treatment system, so that low-load microorganisms and high-load microorganisms are separated and respectively exert the maximum efficiency, wherein one section is mainly used for removing C, the other section is mainly used for removing N, and the microorganisms live in an anoxic-aerobic alternate environment in the A/O treatment system and are screened; the A pool screens and optimizes microbial strains, microorganisms only absorb and adsorb organic matters in the wastewater in the A pool, and the decomposition of the organic matters is completed in the O pool; in the A tank, the retention time of the sewage is short, and most organic pollutants are adsorbed into the body by dephosphorizing microorganisms in the A tank and then are oxidized and decomposed in the O tank; meanwhile, the O tank converts the ammonia nitrogen of the wastewater and the ammonia nitrogen formed by ammoniation of organic nitrogen into nitrate through biological nitrification under the action of nitrifying bacteria; in the anoxic section, denitrifying bacteria convert part of nitrate brought by the sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank through biological denitrification into nitrogen to escape into the atmosphere.
Preferably, the effluent of the anaerobic hydrolysis tank in the step 8) enters a first-section A/O treatment system, and aerobic and facultative microorganisms adapted to high-concentration wastewater are used for performing the treatment of removing C, N and P, wherein the first-section A/O treatment system mainly removes C; after the first section of A/O treatment, mud-water separation is completed in the intermediate sedimentation tank, high-concentration sludge flows back to the A tank to ensure the concentration of activated sludge of an A/O system, the high-load aerobic microbial treatment system is separated from the subsequent two sections of A/O low-load aerobic microbial treatment systems, and effluent of the first section of A/O treatment system enters the intermediate sedimentation tank for sedimentation.
Preferably, the effluent of the intermediate sedimentation tank enters a secondary A/O treatment system, aerobic and facultative microorganisms adapted to low-concentration wastewater are utilized to further perform the treatment of removing C, N and P, wherein the secondary A/O treatment system mainly removes N to ensure that TN reaches the standard, and the effluent enters a secondary sedimentation tank for sedimentation after the secondary A/O treatment.
Preferably, the materialized sludge and the biochemical excess sludge enter a sludge concentration and dehydration system for concentration and dehydration treatment, the aerobic microorganisms are nitrifying bacteria, the mixotrophic microorganisms are denitrifying bacteria, and the inactivation pool in the step 9) is inactivated by acid-base and advanced oxidation.
The invention is specially used for treating steroid pharmaceutical wastewater, can reduce the salt content, COD concentration and N concentration in the wastewater, and thoroughly remove organic solvents and hormone substances in the wastewater.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the attached drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in figure 1, the invention classifies and collects steroid pharmaceutical wastewater from factory effluent into three parts: high solvent wastewater, high salt-containing wastewater and low concentration wastewater. And (4) classifying and collecting the three strands of wastewater, and performing quality-based treatment.
The low-concentration wastewater directly enters a low-concentration wastewater adjusting tank for water quality and water quantity adjustment,
the high-solvent wastewater is subjected to desolventizing treatment by adopting a rotating bed and then enters a high-concentration wastewater regulating reservoir for water quality and quantity regulation, and the high-salt wastewater is subjected to desalting treatment by adopting MVR and then enters a high-concentration wastewater regulating reservoir for water quality and quantity regulation.
The effluent of the high-concentration wastewater adjusting tank is pumped to a cavitation air flotation machine by an adjusting tank, and the solvent and the grease which are not completely removed in the early pretreatment are continuously removed, so that the stable operation of a subsequent treatment system is ensured.
The wastewater directly enters an Fe/C reaction tank through air floatation, the pH is adjusted to be acidic, and the micro-electrolysis principle is utilized to degrade microorganisms difficult to biochemically degrade and simultaneously generate Fe2+、Fe3+And the catalyst is used as a subsequent Fenton reaction catalyst, so that the subsequent Fenton reaction dosage is reduced.
The iron-carbon micro-electrolysis is the result of the comprehensive effects of flocculation, adsorption, bridging, sweeping, coprecipitation, electrodeposition, electrochemical reduction and the like, can effectively remove pollutants at low level, and improves the biodegradability of wastewater.
Iron-carbon microelectrolysis is based on electrochemical cell reactions, when iron and carbon are immersed in an electrolyte solution, countless microelectrolytic systems are formed due to the 1.2V electrode potential difference between Fe and C, and an electric field is formed in the action space of the microelectrolytic systems, so that a large amount of nascent Fe is generated on the surface of newly generated iron and in the reaction2+And the atom H has high chemical activity, can change the structure and the characteristics of a plurality of organic matters in the wastewater, and leads the organic matters to generate chain scission and ring opening; the effect of the electric field around the microbattery electrodes also enables charging in solutionIons and colloids are attached and deposited on the electrode for removal; fe in the other reaction2+、Fe3+And the hydrate thereof has strong adsorption flocculation activity and can further improve the treatment effect.
The wastewater after Fe/C reaction is acidic, which is beneficial to the pH condition of Fenton reaction. The main principle of the improved Fenton oxidation method adopted by the scheme is that additional H is added2O2Oxidizing agent and Fe2+The catalyst, namely the Fenton agent, can react to generate hydroxyl radicals (OH) under proper pH, and the high oxidation capacity of the hydroxyl radicals reacts with organic matters in the wastewater to decompose and oxidize the organic matters, thereby reducing the COD which is difficult to biodegrade biologically in the wastewater. Fe in Fenton reaction cell2+And H2O2The reaction will form Fe3+The pH must be adjusted to neutral in a pH adjusting tank to form Fe (OH)3And aggregated into large particles in a flocculation tank by means of a polymer, and removed in a chemical sedimentation tank. Due to Fe3+Is a very good coagulant per se, so that in the process, Fe (OH) is removed3Besides separation, the method also has a very good removal function on chromaticity, SS and colloid. And after the reaction, the sludge-water separation process of the materialized sludge and the wastewater is completed in the materialized sedimentation tank.
The wastewater after the physicochemical pretreatment is subjected to water quality and water quantity regulation and balance in a water quality and water quantity balancing tank before entering a biochemical treatment system, so that the water quality and the water quantity entering the biochemical treatment system are kept stable.
The wastewater is pumped to the anaerobic hydrolysis tank from the water quality and quantity balancing tank, so that the biodegradability of the wastewater is improved, and the toxicity of the wastewater is reduced. The anaerobic hydrolysis tank is internally provided with the filler, so that microorganisms with long time can be attached to and inhabit on the filler in a large quantity, and under the action of the microorganisms, organic matters with complex structures and difficult biodegradation in sewage can be converted into organic matters with simple structures, so that the organic matters are easy to be utilized and absorbed by the microorganisms, the biodegradability of the sewage is improved, and the subsequent aerobic biological treatment is facilitated.
The aerobic system adopts an A/O process and realizes the functions of removing C, N and phosphorus in two sections. The scheme adopts two sections of A/O treatment systems to separate low-load microorganisms from high-load microorganisms and respectively exert the maximum efficiency, wherein one section is mainly used for removing C, and the other section is mainly used for removing N. In the A/O system, microorganisms are screened while living in an anaerobic-aerobic alternate environment. The section A has the main function of screening and optimizing microbial strains, and the microbes only absorb and adsorb organic matters in the waste water in the section A, while the decomposition of the organic matters is completed in the section O. In the section A, the retention time of the sewage is short, because most of the organic pollutants are absorbed into the body by the dephosphorizing microorganisms in the section A, and then are oxidized and decomposed in the section O. Meanwhile, the O section converts the ammonia nitrogen of the wastewater and the ammonia nitrogen formed by ammoniation of organic nitrogen into nitrate through biological nitrification under the action of nitrifying bacteria. In the anoxic section, denitrifying bacteria convert part of nitrate brought by the sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank through biological denitrification into nitrogen to escape into the atmosphere.
The effluent of the anaerobic hydrolysis tank enters a section of A/O, aerobic and facultative microorganisms (digestive bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and the like) which are adapted to high-concentration wastewater are utilized to carry out the treatment of removing C, N and phosphorus, wherein the section of A/O is mainly used for removing C. After the first-stage A/O treatment, mud-water separation is completed in the intermediate sedimentation tank, high-concentration sludge flows back to the A tank to ensure the concentration of activated sludge of an A/O system, and a high-load aerobic microorganism treatment system is separated from a subsequent two-stage A/O low-load aerobic microorganism treatment system;
the effluent of the first section of A/O enters a settling tank for settling.
The effluent of the intermediate sedimentation tank enters a two-section A/O, aerobic and facultative microorganisms (digestive bacteria and denitrifying bacteria) which are adapted to low-concentration wastewater are utilized to carry out further treatment of removing C, N and P, wherein the N removal is mainly carried out to ensure that TN reaches the standard;
and the effluent of the second section A/O enters a secondary sedimentation tank for sedimentation.
The steroid pharmaceutical wastewater is characterized in that the steroid pharmaceutical wastewater contains hormone substances and can be discharged only by inactivation, after biochemical treatment, the steroid pharmaceutical wastewater is inactivated by acid-base and advanced oxidation, and then is discharged after reaching the standard after precipitation.
And the materialized sludge (sludge in the materialized sludge tank) and the biochemical excess sludge (sludge in the intermediate sedimentation tank, sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank and sludge in the final sedimentation tank) enter a sludge treatment system for concentration and dehydration treatment.
Claims (9)
1. A steroid pharmaceutical wastewater treatment method is characterized in that: which comprises the following steps:
1) the wastewater is classified and collected into three parts: high solvent wastewater, high salt-containing wastewater and low concentration wastewater; classifying and collecting three strands of wastewater, and performing quality-based treatment;
2) the low-concentration wastewater directly enters a low-concentration wastewater regulating reservoir for water quality and water quantity regulation, the high-solvent wastewater enters a high-concentration wastewater regulating reservoir for water quality and water quantity regulation after desolventizing treatment, and the high-salt wastewater also enters a high-concentration wastewater regulating reservoir for water quality and water quantity regulation after desalting treatment;
3) the water discharged from the high-concentration wastewater adjusting tank is pumped to a cavitation air flotation machine through a water pump, and the solvent and the grease which are not completely removed in the early pretreatment are continuously removed, so that the stable operation of a subsequent treatment system is ensured;
4) the effluent of the cavitation air flotation machine enters an Fe/C reaction tank, the pH is adjusted to be acidic, and microorganisms difficult to biochemically degrade are degraded by utilizing the micro-electrolysis principle;
5) the effluent of the Fe/C reaction tank and the effluent of the low-concentration wastewater adjusting tank both enter a Fenton reaction tank, and a Fenton reagent Fe is utilized2+/H2O2Removing refractory organics, and simultaneously removing chromaticity, SS and colloid; the water discharged from the Fenton reaction tank enters a materialized sedimentation tank to complete the sludge-water separation process of materialized sludge and wastewater;
6) the effluent of the physical and chemical sedimentation tank enters a water quality and quantity balancing tank to adjust and balance the water quality and quantity, so as to ensure that the water quality and quantity entering a biochemical treatment system are kept stable;
7) the effluent of the water quality and quantity balancing tank is pumped to the anaerobic hydrolysis tank through a water pump, so that the biodegradability of the wastewater is improved, and the toxicity of the wastewater is reduced;
8) the effluent of the anaerobic hydrolysis tank enters an aerobic system for removing C, N and phosphorus;
9) and (3) leading the effluent of the aerobic system to enter an inactivation tank to remove hormone substances, leading the effluent of the inactivation tank to enter a final sedimentation tank, precipitating and then discharging the effluent up to the standard, wherein the inactivation tank adopts an acid-base and advanced oxidation mode for inactivation.
2. Root of herbaceous plantThe method for treating steroid pharmaceutical wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: carrying out desolventizing treatment on the high-solvent wastewater in the step 2) by adopting a rotating bed, and carrying out desalting treatment on the high-salt wastewater by adopting MVR (mechanical vapor recompression); fe is generated in the Fe/C reaction tank in the step 4)2+、Fe3+And the catalyst is used as a subsequent Fenton reaction catalyst, so that the subsequent Fenton reaction dosage is reduced.
3. The method for treating steroid pharmaceutical wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the Fenton agent adopted in the Fenton reaction tank in the step 5) is H2O2Oxidizing agent and Fe2+The catalyst and the waste water can react to generate hydroxyl radicals under proper pH, and the high oxidation capacity of the hydroxyl radicals reacts with organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the waste water to decompose and oxidize the organic matters, thereby reducing the COD which is difficult to biodegrade in the waste water.
4. The method for treating steroid pharmaceutical wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: fe in Fenton reaction cell2+And H2O2The reaction will form Fe3+The effluent of the Fenton reaction tank is subjected to pH adjustment to be neutral in a pH adjustment tank to form Fe (OH)3And aggregating into large particles in a flocculation tank by means of a polymer, and then removing the large particles in a physical and chemical sedimentation tank.
5. The method for treating steroid pharmaceutical wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the anaerobic hydrolysis tank in the step 7) is internally provided with the elastic filler, a large amount of microorganisms aged in mud are attached to and inhabit on the filler, and the microorganisms convert organic matters with complex structures, which are difficult to biodegrade in sewage, into organic matters with simple structures, are easily utilized and absorbed by the microorganisms, so that the biodegradability of the sewage is improved, and the subsequent aerobic biological treatment is facilitated.
6. The method for treating steroid pharmaceutical wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the aerobic system in the step 8) adopts two sections of A/O treatment systems, separates low-load microorganisms from high-load microorganisms, respectively exerts the maximum efficiency of the microorganisms, one section is mainly subjected to C removal, the other section is mainly subjected to N removal, and the microorganisms in the A/O treatment system live in an anoxic-aerobic alternative environment and are screened; the A pool screens and optimizes microbial strains, microorganisms only absorb and adsorb organic matters in the wastewater in the A pool, and the decomposition of the organic matters is completed in the O pool; in the A tank, the retention time of the sewage is short, and most organic pollutants are adsorbed into the body by dephosphorizing microorganisms in the A tank and then are oxidized and decomposed in the O tank; meanwhile, the O tank converts the ammonia nitrogen of the wastewater and the ammonia nitrogen formed by ammoniation of organic nitrogen into nitrate through biological nitrification under the action of nitrifying bacteria; in the anoxic section, denitrifying bacteria convert part of nitrate brought by the sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank through biological denitrification into nitrogen to escape into the atmosphere.
7. The method for treating steroid pharmaceutical wastewater according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the effluent of the anaerobic hydrolysis tank in the step 8) enters a first-section A/O treatment system, and aerobic and facultative microorganisms adapted to high-concentration wastewater are used for performing decarbonization and denitrogenation treatment, wherein the first-section A/O treatment system mainly carries out decarbonization; after the first section of A/O treatment, mud-water separation is completed in the intermediate sedimentation tank, high-concentration sludge flows back to the A tank to ensure the concentration of activated sludge of an A/O system, the high-load aerobic microbial treatment system is separated from the subsequent two sections of A/O low-load aerobic microbial treatment systems, and effluent of the first section of A/O treatment system enters the intermediate sedimentation tank for sedimentation.
8. The method for treating steroid pharmaceutical wastewater according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the effluent of the intermediate sedimentation tank enters a secondary A/O treatment system, aerobic and facultative microorganisms adapted to low-concentration wastewater are utilized to further perform C and N removal treatment, wherein the secondary A/O treatment system mainly removes N to ensure that TN reaches the standard, and the secondary A/O treatment system enters a secondary sedimentation tank for sedimentation.
9. The method for treating steroid pharmaceutical wastewater according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the materialized sludge and the biochemical excess sludge enter a sludge concentration and dehydration system for concentration and dehydration treatment, the aerobic microorganisms are nitrifying bacteria, and the facultative microorganisms are denitrifying bacteria.
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| CN108706831A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-10-26 | 南京大学 | A kind of advanced treatment apparatus and technique of high concentrated organic wastewater |
| CN108751625B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2023-12-29 | 兴源环境科技股份有限公司 | Treatment system and process for fermentation antibiotic wastewater |
| CN109437482A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-08 | 天津市联合环保工程设计有限公司 | A kind of the efficient process system and its processing method of pharmaceutical industry production of raw medicine organic wastewater |
| CN110902967A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-24 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Wastewater treatment method and wastewater treatment system based on sequencing batch membrane biological reaction |
| CN111362525A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-03 | 浙江嘉福新材料科技有限公司 | High-salinity organic wastewater treatment process |
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