CN108013255A - 一种含复合酶制剂的水貂饲料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含复合酶制剂的水貂饲料,包括下述六种酶:淀粉酶、酸性蛋白酶、阿拉伯木聚糖酶、β‑甘露聚糖酶、果胶酶和植酸酶;本发明复合酶制剂可有效弥补幼龄水貂内源消化酶的不足,降解植物性饲料原料中的主要抗营养因子‑非淀粉多糖(NSP),降低水貂消化道食糜粘度,提高水貂对玉米‑豆粕‑鱼粉型日粮的消化利用率。添加该复合酶制剂可提高日粮中的表观代谢能(AME)以及蛋白质和淀粉的消化利用率;降低肠道内有害微生物的过度繁殖,调解肠道微生态平衡,降低腹泻率,提高育成期水貂抗病力和存活率;提高饲料转化率,提高水貂平均日增重,降低饲料和养殖成本,提高经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明提供涉及一种毛皮动物饲料添加剂,特别提供一种育成期水貂用复合酶制剂,属于毛皮动物饲养和饲料加工技术领域。
背景技术
水貂属于肉食动物,其对植物性饲料的消化能力较差。玉米、豆粕等植物性饲料原料中含有较多的非淀粉多糖(NSP)和植酸(Phyticacid),是水貂等单胃动物主要的抗营养因子。由于水貂体内缺乏分解NSP的酶,所以细胞内的淀粉、蛋白等营养成分难以释放,同时,NSP可以增加消化道食糜黏度和引起生理变化,干扰日粮中其它组分的营养消化吸收和利用,从而导致饲料营养成分的消化利用率下降,并造成水貂胃肠疾病等负面影响。非淀粉多糖的抗营养作用主要表现在三个方面:1)增加胃肠道食糜粘度,使食糜流速减慢,降低采食量;2)阻碍内源酶与食糜结合,降低饲料营养物质的消化吸收,影响日粮的转化率和水貂生产性能;3)与消化道后段微生物区系相互作用,造成厌氧发酵,产生大量的生孢梭菌等分泌的某些毒素,引起动物腹泻,抑制动物生长。
玉米中的NSP主要是纤维素、阿拉伯木聚糖和β-葡聚糖等,豆粕中的NSP主要是果胶、甘露聚糖和α-半乳糖苷等。以纤维素酶、果胶酶为主的饲用复合酶制剂,主要作用是破坏植物细胞壁,释放细胞中的营养物质,同时,消除饲料中的抗营养因子,降低胃肠道内容物的黏度,促进动物的消化吸收。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种含复合酶制剂的水貂饲料,有效地补充动物体内消化酶的不足,具有更强的辅助消化作用,降低肠道食糜粘度,提高饲料代谢能。
本发明所提供的含复合酶制剂的水貂饲料,包括下述六种酶:淀粉酶、酸性蛋白酶、阿拉伯木聚糖酶、β-甘露聚糖酶、果胶酶和植酸酶;所述六种酶的酶活力比依次为1:21.8:4.9:2:2.1:1.6。
其中,每克含复合酶制剂的水貂饲料中,淀粉酶的酶活力为604U、酸性蛋白酶的酶活力为13146U、阿拉伯木聚糖酶的酶活力为2930U、β-甘露聚糖酶的酶活力为1192U、果胶酶的酶活力为1282U、植酸酶的酶活力为962U。
复合酶制剂作为一种新型高效的饲料添加剂,一方面可以综合各种酶的共同作用,补充动物体内消化酶的不足,具有更强的辅助消化作用,另一方面可以提高畜禽生产性能和减少排泄物的污染,同时也为开辟新的饲料资源、降低饲料生产成本提供了有效的途径。
本发明含复合酶制剂的水貂饲料的使用方法:
在育成期水貂日粮饲料中添加0.039%-0.139%的本发明含复合酶制剂的水貂饲料,采用混合后的饲料饲喂育成期水貂。
本发明复合酶制剂的有益效果在于:降解饲料中非淀粉多糖和植酸等抗营养因子,降低肠道食糜粘度,提高饲料代谢能;提高育成期水貂对植物性饲料的消化利用率;有效抑制水貂肠道内有害微生物的繁殖,调节肠道微生物平衡,降低腹泻率,增强水貂免疫力,促进水貂健康;提高水貂平均日增重,降低料肉比,增加饲料中植物性饲料原料的比例,降低饲料成本。
具体实施方式
通过以下具体实施例进一步举例描述本发明,以下列举的仅是本发明的具体实施例子,但本发明并不局限于此,还可以有许多变形。本领域的普通技术人员能从本发明公开的内容直接导出或联想到的所有变形,均应认为是本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
按比例称取淀粉酶、酸性蛋白酶、阿拉伯木聚糖酶、β-甘露聚糖酶、果胶酶和植酸酶(均购自北京挑战生物技术有限公司,产品编号分别为537、1309、816、860、823和1325)混合均匀制成本发明,所述六种单酶的酶活力比依次为1:21.8:4.9:2:2.1:1.6。
所涉及的每克含复合酶制剂的水貂饲料中,淀粉酶的酶活力为604U、酸性蛋白酶的酶活力为13146U、阿拉伯木聚糖酶的酶活力为2930U、β-甘露聚糖酶的酶活力为1192U、果胶酶的酶活力为1282U和植酸酶的酶活力为962U。
含复合酶制剂的水貂饲料及其饲喂效果。
饲喂效果试验
试验选取80只8周龄体重相近的健康公水貂(体重1.19±0.090kg),随机分为4组,每组20个重复,每个重复1只。为避免遗传因素导致的试验误差,来自同窝的水貂要分到不同组中。对照组饲喂育成期水貂干粉料基础日粮,其他试验组在基础日粮中分别添加不同水平的复合酶制剂。开展饲养试验,预饲期13天,正式试验期45天。
水貂单笼饲养,每天饲喂两次,早晨8:00和下午16:00各饲喂一次,自由饮水。水貂要按规定进行免疫。正式试验期第1天空腹称重,之后每15天均在早饲前空腹称一次体重。试验期间详细记录水貂的采食量、发病和死亡等情况。
试验设计方案如下表:
组别处理
对照组基础日粮
试验1组基础日粮+0.039%本发明复合酶制剂
试验2组基础日粮+0.089%本发明复合酶制剂
试验3组基础日粮+0.139%本发明复合酶制剂
试验基础日粮组成和营养水平如下:
原料含量(%)营养成分营养水平(%)
膨化玉米38代谢能(MJ/kg)13.68
豆粕9粗蛋白30.82
玉米蛋白7粗脂肪13.24
鱼粉13.5赖氨酸(LYS)1.61
肉骨粉16.5蛋氨酸(MET)0.86
乳酪粉5钙2.92
羽毛粉1磷1.94
预混料1
豆油8.2
食盐0.2
蛋氨酸(MET)0.3
赖氨酸(LYS)0.3
合计100
按照设计方案中的比例将本发明复合酶制剂加入到基础日粮饲料中混合均匀,作为干粉饲料使用,饲喂水貂时需将饲料与水按1:(2.5-4)的比例混合搅拌成糊状。
试验结果如下:
项目对照组试验1组试验2组试验3组
日增重/g8.53±3.189.39±2.7411.13±2.568.42±2.79
日采食量/g117.84±10.27110.63±12.47106.95±14.10110.44±12.16
料重比13.81±1.2211.78±1.059.61±0.8313.12±1.26
通过实际应用效果证实,本发明的复合酶制剂可使育成期水貂日增重提高约30%,料重比降低30%,水貂的腹泻率和死亡率得到有效降低。
Claims (2)
1.一种含复合酶制剂的水貂饲料,其特征在于是由以下六种单酶制成的:
淀粉酶、酸性蛋白酶、阿拉伯木聚糖酶、β-甘露聚糖酶、果胶酶和植酸酶,所述六种酶的酶活力比依次为1:21.8:4.9:2:2.1:1.6;
所述每克含复合酶制剂的水貂饲料中:
淀粉酶的酶活力为604U;
酸性蛋白酶的酶活力为13146U;
阿拉伯木聚糖酶的酶活力为2930U;
β-甘露聚糖酶的酶活力为1192U;
果胶酶的酶活力为1282U;
植酸酶的酶活力为962U。
2.一种含复合酶制剂的水貂饲料,其特征在于:将权利要求1所述的含复合酶制剂的水貂饲料以0.039%-0.139%的比例添加在育成期水貂日粮饲料中,混合均匀后即得。
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CN108936028B (zh) * | 2018-08-03 | 2022-04-12 | 中国农业科学院特产研究所 | 一种貂饲料添加剂及其制备方法,以及含有所述貂饲料添加剂的貂饲料 |
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