CN108003786A - 一种应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料 - Google Patents
一种应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料,以质量份计含有以下成分:107#室温硫化硅橡胶30~70份、阻燃填料5~40份、改性插层水滑石0.2~2份、硅烷偶联剂5~15份、交联剂1~10份、催化剂0.01~0.5份。本发明还提供了上述涂料的制备方法和应用。硅烷偶联剂在水溶性溶液中水解出来的烷羟基或硅羟基分别与水滑石层板上的Mg‑OH或Al‑OH和二氧化硅表面的硅羟基反应,成功制备了水滑石‑二氧化硅混合填料体系,有利于水滑石在聚合物中分散性的提高,解决了加入损害高分子材料力学性能的问题,与107#室温硫化硅橡胶协同配合,提高涂料的绝缘性和阻燃性,适用范围广、性能稳定。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于涂料技术领域,尤其是一种应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料。
背景技术
针对开关柜运行过程中现有因潮湿、凝露等原因而引起的放电、短路的问题,采用以下技术方案:对开关柜内柜体及导电母排涂敷一种阻燃导热型有机硅绝缘涂料进行全绝缘处理。
室温硫化硅橡胶 (RTV) 是六十年代问世的一种新型的有机硅弹性体,其在室温下无须加热、加压即可就地固化,使用极其方便。室温硫化硅橡胶具有优异的电绝缘性、耐候性、防潮性、抗震性、抗压性以及生理惰性,广泛用于建筑、汽车、电子、电气、化工、机械、航天等领域。但是,室温硫化硅橡胶分子链中含有大量的 C、H,属易燃物,极大的限制了它在防火、防漏电性能方面的应用。
水滑石是一种层状双金属氢氧化物(Layered Double Hydroxide Compounds,简称LDHs),是近年来迅速发展的一种双羟基阴离子型粘土,已被广泛地应用于催化材料、阻隔材料、阻燃剂、杀菌材料、吸附剂和阴离子交换剂等。水滑石属于六方晶系,且可对其结构进行科学调控,能够得到长宽比相近、较大纵横比的二维晶体,晶体结构近似圆形,表面含有大量的羟基官能团,由于其制备条件简单,均化过程温和,不经过机械破碎,从而片层内无裂缝,所以晶体规整度较高,边缘缺陷较少,从而可对气体阻隔起到最佳效果。水滑石片层覆满了正电荷,而且片层电荷密度高。水滑石属于极性填料,与橡胶有机基体相容性较差,所以不能充分显示出水滑石片层材料的优异性,从而很大程度上限制了水滑石在橡胶材料中的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为克服上述现有技术的不足,提供一种应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用下述技术方案:
一种应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料,以质量份计含有以下成分:
107#室温硫化硅橡胶30~70份、纳米Fe3O4 10~23份、阻燃填料5~40份、改性插层水滑石0.2~2份、硅烷偶联剂5~15份、交联剂1~10份、催化剂0.01~0.5份。
优选的,所述应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料,以质量份计含有以下成分:
107#室温硫化硅橡胶40~60份、纳米Fe3O4 13~20份、阻燃填料15~30份、改性插层水滑石0.5~1.5份、硅烷偶联剂8~12份、交联剂3~8份、催化剂0.03~0.1份。
优选的,所述应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料,以质量份计含有以下成分:
107#室温硫化硅橡胶50份、纳米Fe3O4 16份、阻燃填料20份、改性插层水滑石1份、硅烷偶联剂10份、交联剂5份、催化剂0.06份。
优选的,所述改性插层水滑石的制备方法为:将对苯二甲酸加入到去离子水中静置,同时将去离子水加入到水滑石中静置,后将两者混合,调节 pH 值为 10,回流条件下加热、洗涤、过滤、干燥,得插层水滑石;取插层水滑石,分散于硅烷偶联剂中,然后研磨、室温晾干。
优选的,所述阻燃填料为气相二氧化硅、钛白粉、纳米碳酸钙。
优选的,所述交联剂为甲基三丁酮肟基硅烷、乙烯基三丁酮肟基硅烷、苯基三丁酮肟基硅烷,四丁酮肟基硅烷、甲基三丙酮肟基硅烷中的一种或几种,107#室温硫化硅橡胶通过与酮肟类物质反应,降低或者中和了硅橡胶的挥发酚,实际应用中不产生难闻的气味。
优选的,所述催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡;所述硅烷偶联剂采用KH-550或KH-560。
本发明还提供了一种上述涂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)首先将改性插层水滑石加入107#室温硫化硅橡胶中,充分研磨、分散、放置数小时;再加入纳米Fe3O4、阻燃填料、硅烷偶联剂、交联剂,混合,制得A组份;同时将剩余的107#室温硫化硅橡胶与催化剂混合,制得B组份;其中A组份和B组份所用107#室温硫化硅橡胶质量比为1:3~1:4;
(2)使用时,将A、B组份混合后,通过喷涂或沾涂等物理涂覆方法到易燃材料表面,在室温条件下固化15~120分钟。
本发明还提供了一种上述涂料在开关柜内柜体及导电母排表面上的应用。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明的气相二氧化硅、钛白粉、纳米碳酸钙作为填料,通过硅烷偶联剂与主料偶联,进一步提高上述各原料之间的相容性;气相二氧化硅具有丰富的表面防腐蚀官能团,大幅提高本发明的耐腐蚀能力;插层再改性水滑石与硅橡胶具有更好的界面相容性并更易于分散,因此拉伸性能更好;水滑石燃烧或受热时失去层间水以及碳酸根与羟基,在此过程中将大量吸热,可起到阻燃的作用;另外,分解后的固体产物有很大的比表面积和较强的碱性,能及时地吸收材料热分解释放的酸性气体和烟雾而起到抑烟、消烟的作用;硅烷偶联剂在水溶性溶液中水解出来的烷羟基或硅羟基分别与水滑石层板上的Mg-OH或Al-OH和二氧化硅表面的硅羟基反应,成功制备了水滑石-二氧化硅混合填料体系,有利于水滑石在聚合物中分散性的提高;与未经插层处理的水滑石相比,经插层处理的水滑石与硅橡胶的相容性提高,在硅橡胶中易分散,其薄片层能够阻隔氧气、自由基以及热量等往内层传递,所以硅橡胶的阻燃性能得到提高;纳米Fe3O4 具有良好的导热性能,颗粒粒径较大的水滑石与纳米颗粒配合,减少与低导热物质的接触面积,从而有效提高复合材料的导热性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步说明。
实施例1
一种应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料,配方:
107#室温硫化硅橡胶30千克、纳米Fe3O4 10千克、阻燃填料5千克、改性插层水滑石0.2千克,KH-550 5千克、乙烯基三丁酮肟基硅烷1千克、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.01千克,
所述改性插层水滑石的制备方法为:将对苯二甲酸加入到去离子水中静置 10 min,其中,对苯二甲酸与去离子水的质量比为1:20,同时将去离子水加入到水滑石中静置 10min,其中,水滑石与去离子水的质量比为1:4;后将两者混合,调节 pH 值为 10,回流条件下加热 1 h ,洗涤、过滤 ,90 ℃干燥 24 h,得插层水滑石;取上述插层水滑石,分散于硅烷偶联剂中,然后在研钵中充分研磨 30 min,室温晾干。
其中,阻燃填料为以任意比例混合的气相二氧化硅、钛白粉、纳米碳酸钙。
制备方法:
(1)首先0.2千克改性插层水滑石加入10千克107#室温硫化硅橡胶中,充分研磨、分散、放置数小时;再加入纳米Fe3O4、阻燃填料、KH-55、乙烯基三丁酮肟基硅烷混合,制得A组份;同时将20千克107#室温硫化硅橡胶与二月桂酸二丁基锡混合,制得B组份;
(2)使用时,将A、B组份混合后,通过喷涂或沾涂等物理涂覆方法到易燃材料表面,在室温条件下固化15~120分钟。
表1 实施例1性能测试
项目 | 检测标准 | 技术指标 |
拉伸强度 | GB/T528-98 | 2.6MPa |
断裂伸长率 | GB/T528-98 | 200% |
撕裂强度 | GB/T529-99 | 2.8KN/m |
附着力级别 | GB/T9286-1998 | 1级 |
阻燃级别 | GB/T13488-1992 | FV0 |
体积电阻率Ω·cm | 常温常压 | 4×106 |
实施例2:
配方: 107#室温硫化硅橡胶40千克、纳米Fe3O4 13千克、阻燃填料15千克、改性插层水滑石0.5千克、KH-560 8千克、乙烯基三丁酮肟基硅烷3千克、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.03千克。
改性插层水滑石的制备方法同实施例1。
其中,阻燃填料为以任意比例混合的气相二氧化硅、钛白粉、纳米碳酸钙和水滑石。
制备方法:
(1)首先0.5千克改性插层水滑石加入10千克107#室温硫化硅橡胶中,充分研磨、分散、放置数小时;再加入纳米Fe3O4、阻燃填料、硅烷偶联剂、交联剂混合,制得A组份;同时将30千克的107#室温硫化硅橡胶与催化剂混合,制得B组份;
(2)使用时,将A、B组份混合后,通过喷涂或沾涂等物理涂覆方法到易燃材料表面,在室温条件下固化15~120分钟。
表2 实施例2性能测试
项目 | 检测标准 | 技术指标 |
拉伸强度 | GB/T528-98 | 4.8MPa |
断裂伸长率 | GB/T528-98 | 350% |
撕裂强度 | GB/T529-99 | 11KN/m |
附着力级别 | GB/T9286-1998 | 1级 |
阻燃级别 | GB/T13488-1992 | FV0 |
体积电阻率Ω·cm | 常温常压 | 4×105 |
实施例3:
107#室温硫化硅橡胶50千克、纳米Fe3O4 16千克、阻燃填料20千克、改性插层水滑石1千克、KH-550 10千克、乙烯基三丁酮肟基硅烷5千克、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.06千克。
改性插层水滑石的制备方法同实施例1。
其中,阻燃填料为任意比例混合的气相二氧化硅、钛白粉、纳米碳酸钙和水滑石。
制备方法:
(1)首先1千克改性插层水滑石加入12.5千克107#室温硫化硅橡胶中,充分研磨、分散、放置数小时;再加入纳米Fe3O4、阻燃填料、硅烷偶联剂、交联剂混合,制得A组份;同时将37.5千克的107#室温硫化硅橡胶与催化剂混合,制得B组份;
(2)使用时,将A、B组份混合后,通过喷涂或沾涂等物理涂覆方法到易燃材料表面,在室温条件下固化15~120分钟。
表3 实施例3性能测试
项目 | 检测标准 | 技术指标 |
拉伸强度 | GB/T528-98 | 3.8MPa |
断裂伸长率 | GB/T528-98 | 330% |
撕裂强度 | GB/T529-99 | 10KN/m |
附着力级别 | GB/T9286-1998 | 1级 |
阻燃级别 | GB/T13488-1992 | FV0 |
体积电阻率Ω·cm | 常温常压 | 2×105 |
实施例4:
配方:107#室温硫化硅橡胶60千克、纳米Fe3O4 20千克、阻燃填料30千克、改性插层水滑石1.2千克、KH-560 12千克、乙烯基三丁酮肟基硅烷8千克、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.1千克。
改性插层水滑石的制备方法同实施例1。
其中,阻燃填料为任意比例混合的气相二氧化硅、钛白粉、纳米碳酸钙和水滑石。
制备方法:
(1)首先1.2千克改性插层水滑石加入20千克107#室温硫化硅橡胶中,充分研磨、分散、放置数小时;再加入纳米Fe3O4、阻燃填料、硅烷偶联剂、交联剂混合,制得A组份;同时将40千克的107#室温硫化硅橡胶与催化剂混合,制得B组份;
(2)使用时,将A、B组份混合后,通过喷涂或沾涂等物理涂覆方法到易燃材料表面,在室温条件下固化15~120分钟。
表4 实施例4性能测试
项目 | 检测标准 | 技术指标 |
拉伸强度 | GB/T528-98 | 4.2MPa |
断裂伸长率 | GB/T528-98 | 330% |
撕裂强度 | GB/T529-99 | 12KN/m |
附着力级别 | GB/T9286-1998 | 1级 |
阻燃级别 | GB/T13488-1992 | FV0 |
体积电阻率Ω·cm | 常温常压 | 8×105 |
实施例5:
配方:107#室温硫化硅橡胶70千克、纳米Fe3O4 23千克、阻燃填料40千克、改性插层水滑石1.5千克、KH-550 15千克、乙烯基三丁酮肟基硅烷10千克、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.5千克;
改性插层水滑石的制备方法同实施例1。
其中,阻燃填料为任意比例混合的气相二氧化硅、钛白粉、纳米碳酸钙和水滑石。
制备方法:
(1)首先1.5千克改性插层水滑石加入24千克107#室温硫化硅橡胶中,充分研磨、分散、放置数小时;再加入纳米Fe3O4、阻燃填料、硅烷偶联剂、交联剂混合,制得A组份;同时将46千克的107#室温硫化硅橡胶与催化剂混合,制得B组份;
(2)使用时,将A、B组份混合后,通过喷涂或沾涂等物理涂覆方法到易燃材料表面,在室温条件下固化15~120分钟。
表5 实施例5性能测试
项目 | 检测标准 | 技术指标 |
拉伸强度 | GB/T528-98 | 2.5MPa |
断裂伸长率 | GB/T528-98 | 220% |
撕裂强度 | GB/T529-99 | 2.6KN/m |
附着力级别 | GB/T9286-1998 | 1级 |
阻燃级别 | GB/T13488-1992 | FV0 |
体积电阻率Ω·cm | 常温常压 | 1×106 |
本发明的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料具有较高的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、撕裂强度、导热性能以及良好的底材附着力,垂直燃烧实验测试阻燃性能可达到 FV0 级。
对本发明保护范围的限制,所属领域技术人员应该明白,在本发明的技术方案的基础上,本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。
Claims (9)
1.一种应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料,其特征在于,以质量份计含有以下成分:
107#室温硫化硅橡胶30~70份、阻燃填料5~40份、改性插层水滑石0.2~2份、硅烷偶联剂5~15份、交联剂1~10份、催化剂0.01~0.5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料,其特征在于,以质量份计含有以下成分:
107#室温硫化硅橡胶40~60份、阻燃填料15~30份、改性插层水滑石0.5~1.5份、硅烷偶联剂8~12份、交联剂3~8份、催化剂0.03~0.1份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料,其特征在于,以质量份计含有以下成分:
107#室温硫化硅橡胶50份、阻燃填料20份、改性插层水滑石1份、硅烷偶联剂10份、交联剂5份、催化剂0.06份。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料,其特征在于,所述改性插层水滑石的制备方法为:将对苯二甲酸加入到去离子水中静置,同时将去离子水加入到水滑石中静置,后将两者混合,调节pH值为10,回流条件下加热、洗涤、过滤、干燥,得插层水滑石;取插层水滑石,分散于硅烷偶联剂中,然后研磨、室温晾干。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料,其特征在于,所述阻燃填料为气相二氧化硅、钛白粉、纳米碳酸钙。
6.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料,其特征在于,所述交联剂为甲基三丁酮肟基硅烷、乙烯基三丁酮肟基硅烷、苯基三丁酮肟基硅烷,四丁酮肟基硅烷、甲基三丙酮肟基硅烷中的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种应用于开关柜的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料,其特征在于,所述催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡;所述硅烷偶联剂采用KH-550或KH-560。
8.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)首先将改性插层水滑石加入107#室温硫化硅橡胶中,充分研磨、分散、放置数小时;再加入阻燃填料、硅烷偶联剂、交联剂,混合,制得A组份;同时将剩余的107#室温硫化硅橡胶与催化剂混合,制得B组份;其中A组份和B组份所用107#室温硫化硅橡胶质量比为1:3~1:4;
(2)使用时,将AB份混合后,通过喷涂或沾涂等物理涂覆方法到易燃材料表面,在室温条件下固化15~120分钟。
9.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃导热型纳米有机硅绝缘涂料的在开关柜内柜体及导电母排表面上的应用。
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