CN108002840A - 一种生物植入陶瓷材料及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种生物植入陶瓷材料及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108002840A
CN108002840A CN201711235412.3A CN201711235412A CN108002840A CN 108002840 A CN108002840 A CN 108002840A CN 201711235412 A CN201711235412 A CN 201711235412A CN 108002840 A CN108002840 A CN 108002840A
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parts
coating
ceramic material
titanium
fiber base
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辛松
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Mingguang City Yuyang New Materials Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于生物材料技术领域，提供了一种生物植入陶瓷材料及制备方法，所述生物植入陶瓷材料包括如下组分：碳化硅、合成纤维、纳米氧化钛粉、红土、甘油磷酸钙、柠檬酸钙钠、活性氧化铝、羟基磷灰石粉、硅酸锆、水。本发明上述原料经过高速混匀、球磨、热压成型，得到硬度、弯曲模量、压缩强度和弯曲强度等性能均有提高的生物植入陶瓷材料，制得推广使用。

Description

一种生物植入陶瓷材料及制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于生物材料技术领域，具体地，涉及一种生物植入陶瓷材料及制备方法。
背景技术
生物陶瓷指与生物体或生物化学有关的新型陶瓷。生物陶瓷可分为与生物体相关的植入陶瓷和与生物化学相关的生物工艺学陶瓷。植入陶瓷植入生物体内，用以恢复增强生物体机能。由于植入陶瓷直接与生物体接触，故要求其与生物体的亲和性好，不产生有毒的侵蚀、分解产物；不使生物细胞发生变异、坏死，以及引起炎症和生长肉芽等；在体内长期使用功能好，对生物体无致癌作用，本身不发生变质；易于灭菌。常用的植入陶瓷有氧化铝陶瓷和单晶氧化铝、磷酸钙系陶瓷、微晶玻璃、氧化锆烧结体等，它们在临床上用作人造牙、人造骨、人造心脏瓣膜、人造血管和其他医用人造气管穿皮接头等。
生物植入陶瓷材料需要具备较为良好的力学性能，如具备理想的硬度、弯曲模量、压缩强度和弯曲强度等。目前常见的生物植入陶瓷材料的硬度、弯曲模量、压缩强度和弯曲强度等各项性能较差，因此需要研发一种各项性能较好的生物植入陶瓷材料。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种生物植入陶瓷材料及制备方法。
根据本发明的一个方面提供一种生物植入陶瓷材料，所述生物植入陶瓷材料包括如下重量份数的组分：碳化硅12-20份、合成纤维6-12份、纳米氧化钛粉2-7份、红土3-11份、甘油磷酸钙2-6份、柠檬酸钙钠2-6份、活性氧化铝3-5份、羟基磷灰石粉13-19份、硅酸锆0.1-4份、水2-9份；
所述合成纤维包括纤维基材和覆盖在纤维基材外表面的镀层，所述镀层包括钛镀层以及在钛镀层上形成的含钽镀层，所述钛镀层是采用等离子体化学气相沉积方法在纤维基材上镀钛形成的，所述含钽镀层是采用物理气相沉积方法在钛膜层上镀含钽材料形成的。
优选地，所述生物植入陶瓷材料包括如下重量份数的组分：碳化硅15-20份、合成纤维8-12份、纳米氧化钛粉4-7份、红土5-11份、甘油磷酸钙5-6份、柠檬酸钙钠3-6份、活性氧化铝4-5份、羟基磷灰石粉14-19份、硅酸锆2-4份、水4-9份；
所述合成纤维包括纤维基材和覆盖在纤维基材外表面的镀层，所述镀层包括钛镀层以及在钛镀层上形成的含钽镀层，所述钛镀层是采用等离子体化学气相沉积方法在纤维基材上镀钛形成的，所述含钽镀层是采用物理气相沉积方法在钛膜层上镀含钽材料形成的。
优选地，所述生物植入陶瓷材料包括如下重量份数的组分：碳化硅17份、合成纤维9份、纳米氧化钛粉5份、红土9份、甘油磷酸钙5份、柠檬酸钙钠4份、活性氧化铝4份、羟基磷灰石粉17份、硅酸锆3份、水6份；
所述合成纤维包括纤维基材和覆盖在纤维基材外表面的镀层，所述镀层包括钛镀层以及在钛镀层上形成的含钽镀层，所述钛镀层是采用等离子体化学气相沉积方法在纤维基材上镀钛形成的，所述含钽镀层是采用物理气相沉积方法在钛膜层上镀含钽材料形成的。
优选地，所述纳米氧化钛粉的制备原料为金红石粉、锐钛矿粉或者两者的复合粉。
优选地，所述羟基磷灰石粉粒度为<60 nm。
优选地，所述纳米氧化锆粉的粒经<100nm。
本发明的另一个方面提供一种生物植入陶瓷材料的制备方法，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）按重量取碳化硅、合成纤维、纳米氧化钛粉、红土、甘油磷酸钙、柠檬酸钙钠、活性氧化铝、羟基磷灰石粉、硅酸锆和水，将上述原料放在高速混匀机中进行高速混匀，得混合材料一；
（2）高速混匀后，将混合材料一用球磨机进行球磨，球磨机的转速为350-400rpm，球磨时间为1.5-2h，得混合材料二；
（3）球磨后，将混合材料二在热压炉中进行压制成型，升温速率为35℃/min，升温热压炉温度至770-800℃，保温1.5h，再按照42℃/min的升温速率升至温度为1230-1430℃，高温烧结时间为2-4h，冷却至室温，即可。
优选地，所述步骤（2）的球料比为30-40:1。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：
1、本发明提供的一种生物植入陶瓷材料，针对现有生物植入陶瓷材料各项性能存在不足，本发明对生物植入陶瓷材料配方进行调整，由碳化硅、合成纤维、纳米氧化钛粉、红土、甘油磷酸钙、柠檬酸钙钠、活性氧化铝、羟基磷灰石粉、硅酸锆复配而成，上述原料经过高速混匀、球磨、热压成型，得到硬度、弯曲模量、压缩强度和弯曲强度等性能均有提高的生物植入陶瓷材料，制得推广使用。
2、本发明提供的一种生物植入陶瓷材料，采用等离子体化学气相沉积技术和物理气相沉积技术分别对纤维基材进行镀层。等离子体化学气相沉积的特点在于等离子体中含有大量高能量的电子，它们可以提供化学气相沉积过程所需的激活能。电子与气相分子的碰撞可以促进气体分子的分解、化合、激发和电离过程，生成活性很高的各种化学基团。物理气相沉积是在真空条件下，利用蒸发或溅射等物理形式，把固体的材料转化为原子、分子或者离子态的气相物质，然后使这些携带能量的蒸发粒子沉积到基材的表面，以形成膜层。通过上述技术对纤维基材进行镀层，提高了纤维的韧度和强度，以及与生物组织的相容性。
3、本发明提供的一种生物植入陶瓷材料，材料中加入的纳米氧化钛粉在体内生理环境下吸附钙磷离子，形成类骨磷灰石层，从而与骨组织形成生物活性的化学结合，提高强度和韧度。
4、本发明提供的一种生物植入陶瓷材料，羟基磷灰石粉植入人体硬组织后与骨的键合很好，并能诱导骨组织生长，且组织反应轻微，相容性好，增强生物植入陶瓷材料的各项性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
本实施例提供的一种生物植入陶瓷材料，所述生物植入陶瓷材料包括如下重量份数的组分：碳化硅20份、合成纤维6份、纳米氧化钛粉7份、红土3份、甘油磷酸钙6份、柠檬酸钙钠2份、活性氧化铝5份、羟基磷灰石粉13份、硅酸锆4份、水2份；
所述合成纤维包括纤维基材和覆盖在纤维基材外表面的镀层，所述镀层包括钛镀层以及在钛镀层上形成的含钽镀层，所述钛镀层是采用等离子体化学气相沉积方法在纤维基材上镀钛形成的，所述含钽镀层是采用物理气相沉积方法在钛膜层上镀含钽材料形成的。
作为优选方案，所述纳米氧化钛粉的制备原料为金红石粉、锐钛矿粉或者两者的复合粉。
作为优选方案，所述羟基磷灰石粉粒度为<60 nm。
作为优选方案，所述纳米氧化锆粉的粒经<100nm。
本发明的另一个方面提供一种生物植入陶瓷材料的制备方法，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）按重量取碳化硅、合成纤维、纳米氧化钛粉、红土、甘油磷酸钙、柠檬酸钙钠、活性氧化铝、羟基磷灰石粉、硅酸锆和水，将上述原料放在高速混匀机中进行高速混匀，得混合材料一；
（2）高速混匀后，将混合材料一用球磨机进行球磨，球磨机的转速为400rpm，球磨时间为1.5h，得混合材料二；
（3）球磨后，将混合材料二在热压炉中进行压制成型，升温速率为35℃/min，升温热压炉温度至800℃，保温1.5h，再按照42℃/min的升温速率升至温度为1230℃，高温烧结时间为4h，冷却至室温，即可。
作为优选方案，所述步骤（2）的球料比为40:1。
实施例2
本实施例提供的一种生物植入陶瓷材料，所述生物植入陶瓷材料包括如下重量份数的组分：碳化硅15份、合成纤维12份、纳米氧化钛粉4份、红土11份、甘油磷酸钙5份、柠檬酸钙钠6份、活性氧化铝4份、羟基磷灰石粉19份、硅酸锆2份、水9份；
所述合成纤维包括纤维基材和覆盖在纤维基材外表面的镀层，所述镀层包括钛镀层以及在钛镀层上形成的含钽镀层，所述钛镀层是采用等离子体化学气相沉积方法在纤维基材上镀钛形成的，所述含钽镀层是采用物理气相沉积方法在钛膜层上镀含钽材料形成的。
作为优选方案，所述纳米氧化钛粉的制备原料为金红石粉、锐钛矿粉或者两者的复合粉。
作为优选方案，所述羟基磷灰石粉粒度为<60 nm。
作为优选方案，所述纳米氧化锆粉的粒经<100nm。
本发明的另一个方面提供一种生物植入陶瓷材料的制备方法，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）按重量取碳化硅、合成纤维、纳米氧化钛粉、红土、甘油磷酸钙、柠檬酸钙钠、活性氧化铝、羟基磷灰石粉、硅酸锆和水，将上述原料放在高速混匀机中进行高速混匀，得混合材料一；
（2）高速混匀后，将混合材料一用球磨机进行球磨，球磨机的转速为350rpm，球磨时间为2h，得混合材料二；
（3）球磨后，将混合材料二在热压炉中进行压制成型，升温速率为35℃/min，升温热压炉温度至770℃，保温1.5h，再按照42℃/min的升温速率升至温度为1430℃，高温烧结时间为2h，冷却至室温，即可。
作为优选方案，所述步骤（2）的球料比为30:1。
实施例3
本实施例提供的一种生物植入陶瓷材料，所述生物植入陶瓷材料包括如下重量份数的组分：碳化硅17份、合成纤维9份、纳米氧化钛粉5份、红土9份、甘油磷酸钙5份、柠檬酸钙钠4份、活性氧化铝4份、羟基磷灰石粉17份、硅酸锆3份、水6份；
所述合成纤维包括纤维基材和覆盖在纤维基材外表面的镀层，所述镀层包括钛镀层以及在钛镀层上形成的含钽镀层，所述钛镀层是采用等离子体化学气相沉积方法在纤维基材上镀钛形成的，所述含钽镀层是采用物理气相沉积方法在钛膜层上镀含钽材料形成的。
作为优选方案，所述纳米氧化钛粉的制备原料为金红石粉、锐钛矿粉或者两者的复合粉。
作为优选方案，所述羟基磷灰石粉粒度为<60 nm。
作为优选方案，所述纳米氧化锆粉的粒经<100nm。
本发明的另一个方面提供一种生物植入陶瓷材料的制备方法，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）按重量取碳化硅、合成纤维、纳米氧化钛粉、红土、甘油磷酸钙、柠檬酸钙钠、活性氧化铝、羟基磷灰石粉、硅酸锆和水，将上述原料放在高速混匀机中进行高速混匀，得混合材料一；
（2）高速混匀后，将混合材料一用球磨机进行球磨，球磨机的转速为380rpm，球磨时间为1.8h，得混合材料二；
（3）球磨后，将混合材料二在热压炉中进行压制成型，升温速率为35℃/min，升温热压炉温度至790℃，保温1.5h，再按照42℃/min的升温速率升至温度为1330℃，高温烧结时间为3h，冷却至室温，即可。
作为优选方案，所述步骤（2）的球料比为35:1。
性能测试：
对比例：依据授权公告号为CN101199870的发明专利中实施例2的制备方法，制备生物植入陶瓷材料。
试验例：按照本实施例1-3制备生物植入陶瓷材料。
对实施例1-3及对比例的生物植入陶瓷材料的硬度、压缩强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量对比测试如下表1
表1 测试结果一览表
项目 维氏硬度 压缩强度（MPa） 弯曲强度（MPa） 弯曲模量（GPa）
实施例1 710 761 245 56
实施例2 812 813 221 64
实施例3 760 698 243 63
对比例 210 123 37 9.7
由测试结果可知，本发明的生物植入陶瓷材料的维氏硬硬度、压缩强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量均优于对比例的陶瓷材料的各项性能。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。

Claims (8)

1.一种生物植入陶瓷材料，其特征在于：所述生物植入陶瓷材料包括如下重量份数的组分：碳化硅12-20份、合成纤维6-12份、纳米氧化钛粉2-7份、红土3-11份、甘油磷酸钙2-6份、柠檬酸钙钠2-6份、活性氧化铝3-5份、羟基磷灰石粉13-19份、硅酸锆0.1-4份、水2-9份；
所述合成纤维包括纤维基材和覆盖在纤维基材外表面的镀层，所述镀层包括钛镀层以及在钛镀层上形成的含钽镀层，所述钛镀层是采用等离子体化学气相沉积方法在纤维基材上镀钛形成的，所述含钽镀层是采用物理气相沉积方法在钛膜层上镀含钽材料形成的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生物植入陶瓷材料，其特征在于：所述生物植入陶瓷材料包括如下重量份数的组分：碳化硅15-20份、合成纤维8-12份、纳米氧化钛粉4-7份、红土5-11份、甘油磷酸钙5-6份、柠檬酸钙钠3-6份、活性氧化铝4-5份、羟基磷灰石粉14-19份、硅酸锆2-4份、水4-9份；
所述合成纤维包括纤维基材和覆盖在纤维基材外表面的镀层，所述镀层包括钛镀层以及在钛镀层上形成的含钽镀层，所述钛镀层是采用等离子体化学气相沉积方法在纤维基材上镀钛形成的，所述含钽镀层是采用物理气相沉积方法在钛膜层上镀含钽材料形成的。
3.根据权利要求1所述的生物植入陶瓷材料，其特征在于：所述生物植入陶瓷材料包括如下重量份数的组分：碳化硅17份、合成纤维9份、纳米氧化钛粉5份、红土9份、甘油磷酸钙5份、柠檬酸钙钠4份、活性氧化铝4份、羟基磷灰石粉17份、硅酸锆3份、水6份；
所述合成纤维包括纤维基材和覆盖在纤维基材外表面的镀层，所述镀层包括钛镀层以及在钛镀层上形成的含钽镀层，所述钛镀层是采用等离子体化学气相沉积方法在纤维基材上镀钛形成的，所述含钽镀层是采用物理气相沉积方法在钛膜层上镀含钽材料形成的。
4.根据权利要求1所述的生物植入陶瓷材料，其特征在于：所述纳米氧化钛粉的制备原料为金红石粉、锐钛矿粉或者两者的复合粉。
5.根据权利要求1所述的生物植入陶瓷材料，其特征在于：所述羟基磷灰石粉粒度为<60 nm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的生物植入陶瓷材料，其特征在于：所述纳米氧化锆粉的粒经<100nm。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的生物植入陶瓷材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述制备方法具体包括如下步骤：
（1）按重量取碳化硅、合成纤维、纳米氧化钛粉、红土、甘油磷酸钙、柠檬酸钙钠、活性氧化铝、羟基磷灰石粉、硅酸锆和水，将上述原料放在高速混匀机中进行高速混匀，得混合材料一；
（2）高速混匀后，将混合材料一用球磨机进行球磨，球磨机的转速为350-400rpm，球磨时间为1.5-2h，得混合材料二；
（3）球磨后，将混合材料二在热压炉中进行压制成型，升温速率为35℃/min，升温热压炉温度至770-800℃，保温1.5h，再按照42℃/min的升温速率升至温度为1230-1430℃，高温烧结时间为2-4h，冷却至室温，即可。
8.根据权利要求7所述的生物植入陶瓷材料，其特征在于：所述步骤（2）的球料比为30-40:1。
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CN114874013A (zh) * 2022-05-06 2022-08-09 湖北顺富医疗器械科技有限公司 一种高强度复合烤瓷牙

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