A kind of preparation method and application of composite material for nanometer injection molding
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metal surface treatment, more particularly, to one kind using stainless steel, titanium alloy, aluminium alloy as base material
Preparation method and application for the composite material of nanometer injection molding.
Background technology
Japanese great achievement plastics(Taiseiplas)Nanometer forming technique was invented in 2002 by Co., Ltd.(NMT), the skill
Art is by metal and the integrated nanometer forming technique of plastics, can be widely used in metal and resin integrated molding thin light, just
On the shell for the mobile electronic product taken, such as computer terminal, cell phone.
Now in the art, the treatment process of NMT includes flow as follows:The metal for needing to combine is carried out at lye
Reason, acid treatment, weak acid treatment, wash with water again it is clean after be dried, be molded.Nothing will be formed after processing in metal surface
The micropore that several apertures is about 20nm, that is to say, that may be considered and formd on metal surface after treatment very much
Small concaveconvex structure, the resin of injection enter in these concaveconvex structures, produce anchoring effect, in other words:Metal base is first
The impurity such as the grease on surface are removed by alkali cleaning, the metal oxide on surface is removed by pickling and etches nanoscale hole hole;
Smaller nanoscale hole hole is etched by T processing again;Metal after washing and drying is clamped in mould, and plastics note
Modeling reaches integral structure, is drawn by above-mentioned record, the key technology of NMT be processing for base material and nano injection into
The operation of type, and the metal oxide on surface is removed by pickling and etches nanometer or big face often occurs in micron order hole
Product excessive erosion, can not only form effective duct, can occur plane dissolved corrosion on the contrary, heavy losses substrate metal, in addition,
The duct that acid corrosion is formed is concentrated mainly on nanoscale, since duct is too small, is unfavorable for the flowing injection of resin, and easily formed
Gas barrier, is unfavorable for contact of the resin with base material, therefore the nanometer injection of metal base faces following problem at present:(1)Base
Material etch pit is small, and duct depth as shallow, cannot effectively be penetrated through between duct;(2)Since duct forms poor, it is unfavorable for resin
Attachment, and cause the combination power of resin and base material weaker, the combination force difference opposite sex between resin and base material is larger, with reference to uniformity
It is poor.
The content of the invention
Based on the above problem, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of composite material for nanometer injection molding and answers
With, prepare nanometer injection molding composite material the step of it is as follows:- direct current energization corrosion of the step of mechanical pretreatment-two pre-etching-
Secondary dipulse energization corrosion-post processing-drying-nanometer injection, and corrode in galvanization with ultrasonic wave added, composite material
Base material is one kind in titanium alloy, magnesium alloy or stainless steel.
Wherein the process of mechanical pretreatment is multiple using a kind of processing removing in polishing, polishing, tumbling, sandblasting or ball blast
The nano level natural oxide layer of condensation material substrate surface.
Wherein two step pre-etching are first acid treatment, and rear caustic corrosion, acid treating solution is by 5 ~ 7wt.%H3P04With deionized water group
Into corrosion temperature 50 ~ 60oC, 3 ~ 5min of processing time, then wash drying, caustic corrosion solution is by 5 ~ 15wt.%NaOH and goes again
Ionized water forms, corrosion temperature 50 ~ 60oC, 5 ~ 10min of processing time, is washed out drying up.
Direct current energization corrosion process is soaked the metal Jing Guo pre-etching as anode, graphite at the same time as cathode
Steep in hybrid corrosion liquid, connect DC power supply, the hybrid corrosion liquid by 1 ~ 3wt.% hydrochloric acid, 0.5 ~ 1wt.% sulfuric acid and 0.05 ~
0.3wt.% corrosion inhibitor solutions form, and aid in having supersound process in direct current energization corrosion process, 40 ~ 100KHz of ultrasonic frequency range,
Temperature 30 ~ 40oC, 5 ~ 10min of time, current density 50-200mA/cm2, then pure water, cold air drying, wherein corrosion inhibiter
One kind in mercaptobenzothiazoler, benzotriazole or methylbenzotrazole.
The be powered process of corrosion of secondary dipulse is:Using the metal being powered by direct current as anode, graphite as cathode,
Be soaked in secondary hybrid corrosion liquid at the same time, connect positive negative pulse stuffing power supply, secondary hybrid corrosion liquid by 0.1 ~ 2wt.% nitric acid, 0.5 ~
1wt.% sulfuric acid and go from water form, temperature 50 ~ 60oC, 5 ~ 7min of time, the positive duty cycle of dipulse electric current for 50%~
70%th, negative sense duty cycle is 5%~10%, frequency is 25Hz~35Hz, direct impulse number is 5~9, negative-going pulse number is 2, so
Pure water afterwards, cold air drying, obtains nanometer inner wall corrosion hole, in addition, in corrosion process, it is selectable to be powered using exchange.
Wherein post processing is after being soaked 3-5 minutes using the solution containing fat propylhomoserin, to take out, and vacuum condensation drying removes more
Remaining moisture.
The temperature of wherein nanometer injection is 60~90 DEG C, and the speed of nanometer injection is 200~800mm/s, the resin of injection
Selected from polyphenylene sulfide, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyamide, poly-o-phenylenediamine, polyhydroxy ether epoxy resin,
One or more in poly- Hydroxylated acrylic resin.
The application of the preparation method of a kind of composite material for nanometer injection molding, it is characterised in that for mobile communication
The preparation of terminal shell.
The main purpose of mechanical pretreatment is the oxidation in order to effectively remove the oxide on substrate metal surface, such as titanium oxide
Magnesium, iron oxide, makes substrate metal keep clean, smooth, and one is laid to form more uniform etch pit during subsequent corrosion
Fixed basis.
Two step pre-etching are used in preprocessing process, i.e., first acid treatment, rear caustic corrosion, the pretreatment presence with the prior art
Obvious difference, first, phosphoric acid as in strong acid magnesium, titanium, stainless steel surface main function not be corrosion, but
One layer of relatively stable chemical composition coating is formed, in oxidation reaction process occurs for phosphoric acid and metal, three H in phosphoric acid+It is slow
On The Drug Release, avoids metal base by excessive erosion(Hydrochloric acid is frequently present of the excessive erosion of large area), in addition, the chemical composition coating is in acid
Property under the conditions of in dissolving and and precipitation dynamic equilibrium in, if second step using other caustic acids come continue corrode oxygen
Change film, although feasible, effect is poor, and by exploring, it is double property to find the chemical composition coating, you can be dissolved in acid, and can be with
Alkali is dissolved in, in alkaline conditions, it is aperture that the place of chemical conversion film surface existing defects can be corroded by lye, and the aperture is in base
The distribution on material surface and density are all far above the pre-etching effect of similar low-kappa number.
The main purpose of direct current energization corrosion process is that longitudinally perpendicular etch pit is formed in substrate surface, and cardinal principle is
By aggressive chlorion attack metal oxide film surface, and in H+Synergistic effect under, the formation in accelerated corrosion hole(Direct current leads to
Galvano-cautery is a model machine process for constantly losing electronics, that is, has oxidation and have the process of corrosion), and during this, deep-etching
Key reaction is remained, it is too drastic or uneven that this easily causes longitudinally perpendicular etch pit, therefore in order to reduce deep-etching
Speed, adds part corrosion inhibiter, to suppress redox or acid-base reaction process during direct current is powered corrosion.This hair
Bright mainly to use absorbent-type organic inhibitor, they have polarity gene, can be by metallic surface charge adsorption, in whole anode
One layer of monomolecular film is formed with cathode zone, so as to prevent or slow down the reaction of corresponding electrochemistry.Such as some nitrogenous, sulfur-bearings contain
Hydroxyl, there is the organic compound of surface-active, have two kinds of incompatible groups in its molecule:Hydrophilic group and lipophilic group.
The molecule of these compounds is with hydrophilic group(For example, amino)It is adsorbed on metal surface, forms one layer of fine and close hydrophobic film, reduces
The corrosion rate of metal surface.Wherein mercaptobenzothiazoler, benzotriazole and methylbenzotrazole etc. are the ideals of non-ferrous metal
Corrosion inhibiter.
Secondary dipulse energization corrosion process is entirely different with a direct current energization corrosion, and secondary direct current, which is powered, to be corroded
Main purpose is the corrosion internal diameter of appropriate expanded hole, and does not cause new corrosion as far as possible, therefore does not use HCl corrosion, is powered
Voltage should be less than corrosion potential, by dissolving hole wall for a long time, form the duct of nanometer, and secondly the present invention is in secondary energization
It is powered and corrodes without using direct current in corrosion process, and corroded using pulse electrifying, is mainly based upon and compares, it is found that pulse corrosion obtains
The duct obtained is more uniformly distributed, and the concentration of nitric acid and sulfuric acid in direct current energization corrosion process mesoporous declines quickly, the acid outside hole
It cannot be replenished in time again constant with sulfuric acid in retaining hole and concentration of nitric acid, therefore have impact on duct inner wall uniformity.Direct current at the same time
Gas or other products are constantly produced in electrochemical corrosion course, are adsorbed on the inner surfaces of pores of hole wall or hole wall, local resistance
Hindered the duct of hole wall stretches into or is difficult to happen being connected between the duct of hole wall, and uses electrical pulse caustic solution to introduce
Pulse current, after a period of time is corroded, stop for some time, it is allowed to corruption of the reaction product to outside hole external diffusion and hole
Erosion acid is to pore diffusion, to fill up consumption.In addition, dipulse electric current is compared with single-pulse current, in a wave period not only
There are the turn-off time, and there are negative current, the average current value that power supply exports in electrodeposition process is constant, but due to
It is positive and negative to all there are the turn-off time, being conducive to acid solution and constantly impact and discharge in aluminium surface, further formed on hole wall rotten
Borrosion hole, therefore, secondary dipulse, which is powered, corrodes the etch pit of acquisition, and duct is uniform, is mutually communicated, and is conducive to the attachment of resin.
In addition, the forms of corrosion of the present invention can also select once exchange energization corrosion and secondary AC to be powered corrosion to gold
Belong to base material handled, at this stage for, there is no final conclusion for the mechanism model of AC corrosion metal, but have following thing substantially
Real, alternating current can accelerate metal anode course of dissolution, and the metal erosion as caused by alternating current is destroyed to be caused than direct current electro ultrafiltration
It is light, and increase in intensity with a-c cycle and reduce, as just exploration in the present invention.
Then the base material after corrosion is post-processed using fat propylhomoserin, the addition of fat propylhomoserin first will not cause base material
Change or influence, after secondly post-processing, unnecessary fat propylhomoserin can be remained by corroding in the duct of base material, in nanometer injection moulding process
In, fat propylhomoserin and the exothermic chemical reaction of resin generation ester and amine, have delayed the curing of plastic cement, have promoted fat propylhomoserin and plastic cement position
Exchange, so as to ensure that plastic cement is successfully entered nano aperture, carry high-bond.
Beneficial effect
For compared with the prior art, the present invention can obtain following beneficial technique effect:
(1)The present invention use two step pre-etching, i.e., first acid treatment, rear caustic corrosion, corrode for subsequently energization provide be uniformly distributed and
The higher corrosion site of density;
(2)DC corrosion obtains longitudinally perpendicular etch pit, and avoids excessive erosion by corrosion inhibiter so that duct is uniform, corrosion
Speed appropriateness;
(3)Pulse corrosion make it that the duct on hole wall is uniform, perforation can be achieved between hole wall, the etch pit of acquisition is more uniform, makes
Resin and base material combination power it is substantially uniform in substrate surface, peel strength is uniform;
(4)Use fat propylhomoserin, by being esterified exothermic reaction, further improve the combination power of resin and base material in post-treatment solution
Intensity;
(5)The metal-surface nano injection molding process of the present invention is simple, safety, environmental protection, suitable for assembly line industrialized production.
Embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, below by several embodiments, the present invention is further described, and embodiment is served only for
Explain the present invention, any restriction will not be formed to invention.
Peel strength test:The product for the 20*1cm that injection molding in embodiment 2 is obtained, equivalent is equilateral to be cut into 2*
The small pieces of 1cm, are A6061 types using aluminium sheet, measure respective peel strength respectively.
Comparative example 1:Aluminium sheet uses A6061 types, is molded by conventional alkali cleaning-pickling-T processing-washing-dryings-nanometer
Shaping, the resin used is polyphenylene thioether PPS resin, sample 1 is obtained, labeled as D1.
Comparative example 2:The use of aluminium sheet is A6061 types, embodiment is with consistent in embodiment 2, but to base material without two
Pre-etching is walked, labeled as D2, the resin used is polyphenylene thioether PPS resin.
Comparative example 3:The use of aluminium sheet is A6061 types, embodiment is twice direct current with consistent in embodiment 2
Source is corroded, and labeled as D3, the resin used is polyphenylene thioether PPS resin.
Comparative example 4:The use of aluminium sheet is A6061 types, embodiment is with consistent in embodiment 2, but to base material without two
Subpulse corrodes, and labeled as D4, the resin used is polyphenylene thioether PPS resin.
Comparative example 5:The use of aluminium sheet is A6061 types, embodiment is with consistent in embodiment 2, but to base material without fat propylhomoserin
Post processing, labeled as D5, the resin used is polyphenylene thioether PPS resin.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of composite material for nanometer injection molding, the base material of composite material is titanium alloy, is specifically included
Following steps:(1)The process of mechanical pretreatment is to remove titanium using a kind of processing in polishing, polishing, tumbling, sandblasting or ball blast
The nano level natural oxide layer of alloy surface, the present embodiment select glossing;
(2)Two step pre-etching are first acid treatment, rear caustic corrosion:Acid treating solution is by 5wt.%H3P04Formed with deionized water, it is rotten
Lose temperature 50oC, processing time 3min, then wash drying again, and caustic corrosion solution is made of 5wt.%NaOH and deionized water, rotten
Lose temperature 50oC, processing time 5min, is washed out drying up;
(3)Once electrification corrosion process is using the metal Jing Guo pre-etching as anode, and graphite is soaked in mixed as cathode
Corrosive liquid is closed, connects DC power supply, the hybrid corrosion liquid is by 1wt.% hydrochloric acid, 0.5wt.% sulfuric acid and 0.05wt.% corrosion inhibitor solution groups
Into auxiliary has supersound process, ultrasonic frequency range 40KHz, temperature 30 in direct current energization corrosion processoC, time 5min, electric current
Density 50mA/cm2, then pure water, wherein cold air drying, corrosion inhibiter are selected from mercaptobenzothiazoler;
(4)The be powered process of corrosion of secondary dipulse is:Using the metal being powered by direct current as anode, graphite as cathode,
Secondary hybrid corrosion liquid is soaked at the same time, connects positive negative pulse stuffing power supply, secondary hybrid corrosion liquid is by 0.1wt.% nitric acid, 0.5wt.% sulphur
Acid and go from water form, temperature 50oC, time 5min, the positive duty cycle of dipulse electric current is 50%~70%, negative sense duty
Than for 5%~10%, frequency 25Hz, direct impulse number be 5, negative-going pulse number be 2, then pure water, cold air drying, is obtained
Obtain nanometer inner wall corrosion hole;
(5)After post-processing to be soaked 3 minutes using the solution containing fat propylhomoserin, take out, vacuum condensation drying removes unnecessary water
Point;
(6)Nanometer injection polyphenylene sulfide.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of composite material for nanometer injection molding, the base material of composite material is A6061 type aluminium sheets, specifically
Include the following steps:(1)The process of mechanical pretreatment is to be removed using a kind of processing in polishing, polishing, tumbling, sandblasting or ball blast
The nano level natural oxide layer of surface of aluminum plate is removed, the present embodiment selects glossing;
(2)Two step pre-etching are first acid treatment, rear caustic corrosion:Acid treating solution is by 6wt.%H3P04Formed with deionized water, it is rotten
Lose temperature 55oC, processing time 4min, then wash drying again, and caustic corrosion solution is made of 10wt.%NaOH and deionized water,
Corrosion temperature 55oC, processing time 7min, is washed out drying up;
(3)Once electrification corrosion process is using the metal Jing Guo pre-etching as anode, and graphite is soaked in mixed as cathode
Corrosive liquid is closed, connects DC power supply, the hybrid corrosion liquid is by 2wt.% hydrochloric acid, 0.75wt.% sulfuric acid and 0.2wt.% corrosion inhibitor solution groups
Into auxiliary has supersound process, supersonic frequency 70KHz, temperature 35 in direct current energization corrosion processoC, time 8min, current density
140mA/cm2, then pure water, wherein cold air drying, corrosion inhibiter are selected from mercaptobenzothiazoler, benzotriazole or methyl benzo
One kind in triazole;
(4)The be powered process of corrosion of secondary dipulse is:Using the metal being powered by direct current as anode, graphite as cathode,
Secondary hybrid corrosion liquid is soaked at the same time, connects positive negative pulse stuffing power supply, secondary hybrid corrosion liquid is by 1wt.% nitric acid, 0.75wt.% sulphur
Acid and go from water form, temperature 55oC, time 6min, the positive duty cycle of dipulse electric current is 50%~70%, negative sense duty
Than for 5%~10%, frequency 30Hz, direct impulse number be 5~9, negative-going pulse number be 2, then pure water, cold air drying
It is dry, obtain nanometer inner wall corrosion hole;
(5)After post-processing to be soaked 4 minutes using the solution containing fat propylhomoserin, take out, vacuum condensation drying removes unnecessary water
Point;
(6)Nanometer injection PPS.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of composite material for nanometer injection molding, the base material of composite material is magnesium alloy, is specifically included
Following steps:(1)The process of mechanical pretreatment is to remove magnesium using a kind of processing in polishing, polishing, tumbling, sandblasting or ball blast
The nano level natural oxide layer of alloy surface, the present embodiment select glossing;
(2)Two step pre-etching are first acid treatment, and rear caustic corrosion, acid treating solution is by 7wt.%H3P04Formed with deionized water, it is rotten
Lose temperature 60oC, processing time 5min, then wash drying again, and caustic corrosion solution is made of 15wt.%NaOH and deionized water,
Corrosion temperature 60oC, processing time 10min, is washed out drying up;
(3)Once electrification corrosion process is using the metal Jing Guo pre-etching as anode, and graphite is soaked in mixed as cathode
Corrosive liquid is closed, connects DC power supply, which is made of 3wt.% hydrochloric acid, 1wt.% sulfuric acid and 0.3wt.% corrosion inhibitor solutions,
Auxiliary has supersound process, supersonic frequency 100KHz, temperature 40 in direct current energization corrosion processoC, time 10min, current density
200mA/cm2, then pure water, wherein cold air drying, corrosion inhibiter are selected from mercaptobenzothiazoler, benzotriazole or methyl benzo
One kind in triazole;
(4)The be powered process of corrosion of secondary dipulse is:Using the metal being powered by direct current as anode, graphite as cathode,
Be soaked in secondary hybrid corrosion liquid at the same time, connect positive negative pulse stuffing power supply, secondary hybrid corrosion liquid by 2wt.% nitric acid, 1wt.% sulfuric acid and
Go to form from water, temperature 60oC, time 7min, the positive duty cycle of dipulse electric current is 50%~70%, negative sense duty cycle is
5%~10%, frequency is 25Hz~35Hz, direct impulse number is 5~9, negative-going pulse number is 2, then pure water, cold air drying
It is dry, obtain nanometer inner wall corrosion hole;
(5)Post-process after five minutes, to be taken out, vacuum condensation drying removes unnecessary water using the solution immersion containing fat propylhomoserin
Point;
(6)Nanometer injection polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of composite material for nanometer injection molding, the base material of composite material is stainless steel, is specifically included
Following steps:(1)The process of mechanical pretreatment is to be removed not using a kind of processing in polishing, polishing, tumbling, sandblasting or ball blast
Become rusty the nano level natural oxide layer of steel surface, and the present embodiment selects glossing;
(2)Two step pre-etching are first acid treatment, and rear caustic corrosion, acid treating solution is by 6wt.%H3P04Formed with deionized water, it is rotten
Lose temperature 55oC, processing time 4min, then wash drying again, and caustic corrosion solution is made of 10wt.%NaOH and deionized water,
Corrosion temperature 55oC, processing time 7min, is washed out drying up;
(3)Once electrification corrosion process is using the metal Jing Guo pre-etching as anode, and graphite is soaked in mixed as cathode
Corrosive liquid is closed, connects AC power, the hybrid corrosion liquid is by 2wt.% hydrochloric acid, 0.75wt.% sulfuric acid and 0.2wt.% corrosion inhibitor solution groups
Into exchanging auxiliary in energization corrosion process has supersound process, supersonic frequency 70KHz, temperature 35oC, time 8min, current density
140mA/cm2, then pure water, wherein cold air drying, corrosion inhibiter are selected from mercaptobenzothiazoler, benzotriazole or methyl benzo
One kind in triazole
(4)Secondary AC, which is powered, to be corroded;
(5)After post-processing to be soaked 4 minutes using the solution containing fat propylhomoserin, take out, vacuum condensation drying removes unnecessary water
Point;
(6)Nanometer injection PPS.
1 comparative example of table is contrasted with 2 peel strength data of embodiment
It can be drawn the following conclusions by embodiment 2 and comparative example 1-5 in above-mentioned table 1:
(1)By nano injection technique of the present invention obtain base material and resin combination power, stability be significantly larger than it is similar on the market
Product, specifically, for aluminium base+PPS resin, it is 301.2kgf/cm with reference to power average value2, coefficient of variation(By marking
Quasi- deviation/average value)For 11.19;And by the preparation of conventional T processing means in base material+PPS resin, it combines power average value
For 241.1 kgf/cm2, coefficient of variation(By standard deviation/average value)For 28.26;Coefficient of variation coefficient is smaller, illustrates resin
And the combination power of base material is more stable, the combination power of each position of substrate surface is more uniform, i.e., what the embodiment of the present invention 2 obtained receives
The peel strength of rice injected plastics material and the uniformity of peel strength are far above similar market nanometer injection peel strength.
(2)Other comparative examples are in order to further prove to handle the importance of each step of metal base in the present invention, often
One step is all indispensable, and pretreatment provides duct site and the density of corrosion, once corrodes the vertical etches in duct, secondary corruption
Erosion is corroded on hole wall, and the combination power in resin and duct is strengthened in post processing.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above, but it is intended only as example, it is of the invention and unlimited
It is formed on particular embodiments described above.To those skilled in the art, it is any to the equivalent modifications that carry out of the present invention and
Substitute also all among scope of the invention.Therefore, the impartial conversion made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and
Modification, all should be contained within the scope of the invention.