CN108950671B - Stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108950671B CN108950671B CN201811119458.3A CN201811119458A CN108950671B CN 108950671 B CN108950671 B CN 108950671B CN 201811119458 A CN201811119458 A CN 201811119458A CN 108950671 B CN108950671 B CN 108950671B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229910018054 Ni-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/16—Polishing
- C25F3/22—Polishing of heavy metals
- C25F3/24—Polishing of heavy metals of iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/36—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
- C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/02—Etching
- C25F3/06—Etching of iron or steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
- B05D2202/10—Metallic substrate based on Fe
- B05D2202/15—Stainless steel
Abstract
The invention discloses a stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure, which comprises a stainless steel substrate and a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating which are sequentially arranged, wherein the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating comprises a Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS combined by electrodeposition 2 Coating and heat treatment combined PTFE/MC or PTFE/NS 2 A coating; MC is wear-resistant carbide, NS 2 Is wear-resistant sulfide; the surface of the stainless steel substrate is provided with nano holes with the aperture of 50-80 nm. The coating structure achieves good corrosion resistance and wear resistance, and the stainless steel substrate is tightly combined with the coating; the treated stainless steel has the advantages of smooth surface, small pore diameter of the nano holes, uniform distribution and extremely strong binding force between the stainless steel and the composite coating; the preparation method of the stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure disclosed by the invention has the advantages of low cost, common and easily available raw materials, simple preparation operation process and convenience in popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal surface treatment, in particular to a stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant wear-resistant coating structure, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the development of science and technology, the activities of entering the ocean for production and the like are increased, and the traditional stainless steel and other materials are easy to generate chemical corrosion and electrochemical corrosion in the sea, so that catastrophic accidents such as material or equipment failure and damage are caused. Conventional precious metal coatings have become a bottleneck in development due to the high coating cost. Therefore, a coating with low cost, simple process and excellent corrosion resistance needs to be developed.
The metal corrosion is classified into general corrosion localized corrosion including pitting corrosion, ulcer corrosion, intergranular corrosion, and the like according to the corrosion characteristics. The classification according to the corrosive medium condition can be divided into two main types, namely chemical corrosion and electrochemical corrosion. Corrosion damage to metals generally has two characteristics: firstly, the damage always starts from the metal surface and then goes deeper into the interior either fast or slow; secondly, in most cases, corrosion damage and shape change of metal often occur simultaneously; corrosion can affect the continuity and safety of the metal equipment during use. Therefore, the corrosion mechanism is known, the corrosion speed is controlled, and anti-corrosion measures are adopted, so that the method is an important means for prolonging the service life of metal equipment and expanding the application range. The corrosion factors such as water, oxygen, acid, salt and the like are isolated by the coating to prevent the corrosion of the coating to metal, or the corrosion-resistant coating on the surface is applied to reduce electrochemical corrosion by the characteristics of high self-resistance and difficult electron migration of the coating. Therefore, the steel is preserved by the coating, and a closed coating system provides an inert shielding layer for protecting the steel surface, and the main film forming substances in the coating component form firm adhesion with the steel surface, so that the shielding effect and the anti-corrosion protection effect of the coating on the steel surface are achieved.
Based on the plastic-metal integrated composite molding technology, after the nano holes are formed on the metal surface, the plastic melt enters the nano hole structure on the metal surface through a certain pressure to form a micro mechanical interlocking, so that the bonding strength of the plastic and the metal is greatly enhanced.
The nano-pore structure on the surface of the stainless steel is difficult to prepare, so that the difficulty of integrated composite molding of the stainless steel matrix and the plastic is increased. Most of metal matrixes used by the existing NMT technology are aluminum alloys, and the metal and plastic integrated composite molding application is wide on electronic components, but the aluminum alloy materials are difficult to meet the requirements on corrosion resistance and strength.
The stainless steel substrate used in the NMT technology generally adopts mechanical roughening methods such as shot blasting, sand blasting and the like on the stainless steel surface, and the methods can effectively improve the cleanliness of the stainless steel surface, but a large amount of sand dust can be generated in the shot blasting process and cannot be effectively removed, the generated surface has larger pore diameter, the adhesive force of the subsequent composite coating preparation is insufficient, the durability of the coating is insufficient, and the performance cannot meet the use requirement.
In addition, the hole forming structure is etched on the surface of the stainless steel by a laser method and then is integrally formed with plastic, but the surface of the stainless steel subjected to laser treatment is easy to change by ablated tissue, so that the integral performance of the stainless steel is influenced, the size of the obtained hole melting pit is large, the periphery of the hole melting pit is smooth and uneven, stress concentration is easy to generate after the hole melting pit is combined with plastic, and the durability and the sealing performance are poor.
After searching, no report on the preparation of a stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure by using an NMT technology is found in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the defects of the prior art and provides a stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure, wherein the stainless steel surface is provided with nano holes, the combination of the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating and the stainless steel surface can be effectively improved, the coating structure is selected to be a multilayer structure, and the combination comprises electrodeposition combination Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS 2 Coating and heat treatment combined PTFE/MC or PTFE/NS 2 The coating can lead the coating structure to achieve good corrosion and wear resistance, and is applied to the corrosion and wear resistant field and widely used.
The invention further aims to disclose the preparation method of the stainless steel surface nanopores, the stainless steel surface treated by the method is smooth, the pore diameters of the nanopores are smaller, the nanopores are uniformly distributed, a good foundation is provided for the subsequent preparation of the composite coating on the surface, the binding force between the stainless steel and the composite coating can be effectively increased, and the stainless steel surface nanopores can be produced in a large scale and in a batch.
The invention further aims to disclose a preparation method of the stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure, which is simple to operate, controllable in process and easy to popularize on the coating of the coating on the surfaces of various steels.
The invention aims at being realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure, which comprises a stainless steel substrate and a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating which are sequentially arranged, wherein the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating comprises a Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS combined by electrodeposition 2 Coating and heat treatment combined PTFE/MC or PTFE/NS 2 A coating; wherein MC is wear-resistant carbide, NS 2 Is wear-resistant sulfide; the surface of the stainless steel substrate is provided with a nano hole with the aperture of 50-80 nm.
Further preferably, the MC is one of SiC or WC, and the NS 2 Is MoS 2 。
The invention further aims to disclose a preparation method of the nano-pore of the stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure, which comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out surface pretreatment on stainless steel to be treated; the surface pretreatment comprises pickling and degreasing and polishing;
s2, electrolytic polishing: at room temperature, the stainless steel with the surface cleaned is taken as an anode, a graphite electrode is taken as a cathode, and 30 to 50wt.% of H is taken as the cathode 2 SO 4 And 50wt.% to 70wt.% H 3 PO 4 The mixed solution of (2) is electrolytic polishing solution, and the polishing time is 2-5 min under the voltage of 10-40V;
s3, electrochemical reaming: step S is carried out 2 The stainless steel after electrolytic polishing is used as an anode, a graphite electrode is used as a cathode, and the stainless steel is placed in HClO with the volume fraction of 5-10 percent 4 And 90% to 95% (CH) 2 OH) 2 In the mixed solution, the working voltage is 10-40V, the temperature is-10-0 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 8-15 min; obtaining the stainless steel with the surface provided with the nano holes.
According to the invention, through surface pretreatment, electrolytic polishing and electrochemical reaming treatment of stainless steel, the problem of difficult preparation of the stainless steel surface nanopores in the prior art is solved, the binding force between the coating and the surface of a substrate can be effectively improved, and the preparation of the subsequent stainless steel corrosion-resistant coating is facilitated.
The stainless steel plate is generally produced by rolling and other production processes, thicker oxide skin, greasy dirt, other polluted impurities and the like exist on the surface, and the stainless steel surface is pretreated before use: firstly, carrying out acid washing and oil removal treatment on the surface of stainless steel; and then polishing, cleaning and removing impurities such as oxide skin and the like on the deoiled surface. The surface pretreatment can improve the working efficiency of the subsequent electrolytic polishing and electrolytic reaming, and simultaneously avoid the reduction of the electrochemical corrosion rate caused by the surface passivation phenomena of thicker oxide skin and the like on the stainless steel surface.
The electrolytic polishing can remove oxide skin, greasy dirt and the like on the surface of the material, so that the surface of the stainless steel is smooth, other sundries are avoided, and the precondition of uniform distribution of the nano holes on the surface of the stainless steel is realized; in the electrochemical reaming process, the processes of current density, time, temperature and the like are adjusted by reasonably configuring the mixed solution, so that the surface of the treated stainless steel is smooth, the pore diameter of the nano pores is smaller, and the nano pores are uniformly distributed.
Further, in the step S2 and the step S3, the distance between the stainless steel and the graphite is 250 mm-1000 mm. The arrangement can ensure the uniformity of the concentration of the corrosive solution, so that the surface of the stainless steel can be rapidly corroded and polished, and the reaming efficiency can be effectively increased.
Further, in the step S2 and the step S3, the ratio of the working area of the stainless steel (anode) to the working area of the graphite electrode (cathode) immersed in the liquid is 1:1-2.5. The arrangement of the working area ensures that the anode is normally dissolved, and prevents passivation phenomenon from occurring, so as to ensure that the cation concentration in the electrolytic solution for electrolytic polishing and the mixed solution for electrochemical reaming is hardly changed.
Further, in step S2, the electrolyte is prepared from 40% by mass of H 2 SO 4 And 60% H 3 PO 4 Mixing.
Further, in step S2, the voltage is 20V, and the polishing time is 3min.
Further, in step S3, the mixed solution is HClO with a volume fraction of 6% 4 And 94% (CH) 2 OH) 2 Mixing, wherein the working voltage is 20V, the temperature is 0 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 10min.
Further, in the step S1, the pickling is performed for 20-30 min by using a 0.1M hydrochloric acid solution or a 0.1M nitric acid solution.
Further, in step S1, the roughness of the surface of the stainless steel after the surface treatment is 35 to 65 μm.
Another object of the present invention is to disclose a method for preparing the stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure, comprising the steps of:
y1. preparation of Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS 2 Coating layer
Y11 placing stainless steel with nanometer holes on the surface in Ni-Cu electroplating solution for electroplating, wherein the electroplating solution is prepared from nickel sulfate 80-120 g/L, copper sulfate 15-30 g/L, sodium citrate 80-100 g/L, sodium chloride 15-30 g/L, boric acid 20-40 g/LThe pH value of the electroplating solution is 4.0-6.0; adding MC or NS in an amount of 0.1-10 g/L into the electroplating solution 2 Wear-resistant particles uniformly dispersed in the plating solution; ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS with 30wt.% copper content on the surface of stainless steel 2 A layer;
y12 Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS is obtained 2 Carrying out heat treatment on the layer, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 300-400 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 2-4 hours; to obtain Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS with 2 Coated stainless steel;
y2. preparation of nano (Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS) 2 ) ++ (PTFE/MC or PTFE/NS) 2 ) Coating layer
Y21 preparing PTFE suspension with 10-30wt%, adding MC with 2-8 g/L or NS with 10-15 g/L 2 An adhesive to obtain a composite suspension;
y22 dispersing the prepared composite suspension for 2-4 h with ultrasonic wave of 25-40 KHz;
y23 is prepared with Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS 2 Immersing the coated stainless steel into the suspension for 10-30 min; after drying for 10-30 min, continuing to immerse, and repeating for a plurality of times; obtaining the nano (Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS) 2 ) ++ (PTFE/MC or PTFE/NS) 2 ) Coated stainless steel;
33 the obtained nano-sized material has a nano (Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS) 2 ) ++ (PTFE/MC or PTFE/NS) 2 ) And (3) placing the coated stainless steel in a heat treatment furnace, and heating, leveling and curing at 300-350 ℃ to obtain the stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating.
Further, in the step Y11, the current density of the plating is 3 to 8A/dm 2 The temperature is 40-60 ℃.
Further, the number of times of immersion obtained in step Y23 is 3 to 6.
Further, the heat treatment in step Y12 is performed in a protective atmosphere of argon or nitrogen. The heat treatment is to eliminate the structure stress of the stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure and the leveling phenomenon of PTFE in the electroplating process.
The stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure is applied to an acidic and alkaline environment and a working environment with strong seawater environment corrosion.
According to the invention, after pretreatment of stainless steel, the conditions of electrolyte treatment, treatment time, temperature and the like are adopted, so that a nano-pore structure is prepared on the surface, the prepared nano-pore structure on the surface of the stainless steel is a key index in composite molding of stainless steel and a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating material, the nano-pore structure is uniformly distributed, and the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating forms strong mechanical interlocking with the surface of the stainless steel after entering the nano-pore structure, so that the bonding force between the coating and the surface of a substrate can be effectively improved.
The preparation method of the stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure has the advantages of low cost, common and easily available raw materials, simple preparation operation process and convenient popularization and application.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure, the stainless steel surface with the nano holes is prepared, the combination of the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating and the stainless steel surface can be effectively improved, and the coating structure is selected to be a multilayer structure, so that the coating structure achieves good corrosion resistance and wear resistance, and the application is wide.
According to the preparation method of the stainless steel surface nanopores, provided by the invention, the problems of difficult preparation of the stainless steel surface nanopores in the prior art are solved through surface pretreatment, electrolytic polishing and electrochemical reaming treatment of the stainless steel, the binding force between a coating and a substrate surface can be effectively improved, and the preparation of a subsequent stainless steel corrosion-resistant coating is facilitated.
The preparation method of the stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure creatively combines Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS 2 Coating is electroplated on the surface of stainless steel with nano holes, and nano (Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS) is prepared through surface modification 2 ) ++ (PTFE/MC or PTFE/NS) 2 ) The coating greatly enhances the bonding strength of plastic and metal, and the preparation method has the advantages of low cost, common and easily available raw materials, simple preparation operation process and convenient popularization and application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of surface nanopores of the stainless steel of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a surface metallographic photograph of a prior art untreated stainless steel sheet.
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the surface of stainless steel after electropolishing in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an SEM photograph of the surface of stainless steel after nano-pore formation according to example 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an SEM photograph of the surface of the stainless steel after nano-pore formation in comparative example 1.
FIG. 6 is an SEM photograph of a Ni-Cu/SiC coating layer obtained after the step Y1 of example 9 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an SEM photograph of a stainless steel structure having a nano Ni-Cu/SiC+PTFE/SiC coating layer prepared in example 9 of the present invention
FIG. 8 is a potentiodynamic polarization test curve of a stainless steel structure with a nano Ni-Cu/SiC+PTFE/SiC coating, which is prepared in example 9 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific examples. For convenience of explanation, the reagents, instruments, equipment, etc. used in the following examples of the present invention are exemplified as follows, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The inventors state that the detailed process equipment and process flows of the present invention are described by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed process equipment and process flows, i.e., it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above detailed process equipment and process flows. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of raw materials for the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., falls within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.
The invention provides a stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure, which comprises a stainless steel substrate and a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating which are sequentially arranged, wherein the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating comprises a Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS combined by electrodeposition 2 Coating and heat treatment combined PTFE/MC or PTFE/NS 2 A coating; wherein MC is wear-resistant carbide, NS 2 Is wear-resistant sulfide; the surface of the stainless steel substrate is provided with pore diameter of 50 to the whole80nm.
Meanwhile, according to the preparation method of the stainless steel surface nanopores, as shown in figure 1, the problems of difficult preparation of the stainless steel surface nanopores in the prior art are solved through the surface pretreatment 1, the electrolytic polishing 2 and the electrochemical reaming 3 of the stainless steel, so that the binding force between a coating and a substrate surface can be effectively improved, and the preparation of a subsequent stainless steel corrosion-resistant coating is facilitated.
The surface pretreatment 1 comprises pickling 101 stainless steel to remove oil on the surface, and performing surface sand blasting grinding and sand blasting cleaning 102; the electrolytic polishing 2 is to take the stainless steel with the surface cleaned as an anode and a graphite electrode as a cathode, put the stainless steel into the prepared electrolytic polishing solution, adjust the technological parameters and carry out electrolytic polishing; electrochemical reaming treatment 3 electrolytic polished stainless steel is used as an anode, a graphite electrode is used as a cathode, and prepared HClO is placed 4 And (CH 2 OH) 2 Finally, the stainless steel with the pore size of 50-80 nm is obtained.
Example 1 preparation method of stainless Steel surface nanopores
The preparation method of the stainless steel surface nano-hole of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out surface pretreatment on stainless steel to be treated; the surface pretreatment comprises pickling and degreasing and polishing;
s2, electrolytic polishing: at room temperature, the surface-cleaned stainless steel was used as an anode, a graphite electrode was used as a cathode, and 30wt.% of H was used 2 SO 4 And 70wt.% of H 3 PO 4 The mixed solution of (2) is electrolytic polishing solution, and the polishing time is 5min under the voltage of 10V;
s3, electrochemical reaming: taking the stainless steel subjected to electrolytic polishing in the step S2 as an anode, taking a graphite electrode as a cathode, and placing the stainless steel in a volume fraction of 5% of HClO 4 And 95% (CH) 2 OH) 2 In the mixed solution of (2), the working voltage is 10V, the temperature is-10 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 15min; obtaining the stainless steel with the surface provided with the nano holes.
Wherein, the spacing between the stainless steel and the graphite in the step S2 and the step S3 is 250mm; the ratio of the working area of the stainless steel (anode) to the working area of the graphite electrode (cathode) immersed in the liquid is 1:1; in step S1, 0.1M hydrochloric acid solution is used for pickling, and pickling is performed for 20min. The roughness of the surface of the stainless steel after the surface treatment is 35-65 mu m.
Example 2 preparation method of stainless Steel surface nanopores
The preparation method of the stainless steel surface nano-hole of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out surface pretreatment on stainless steel to be treated; the surface pretreatment comprises pickling and degreasing and polishing;
s2, electrolytic polishing: at room temperature, the surface-cleaned stainless steel was used as an anode, a graphite electrode was used as a cathode, and 50wt.% of H was used 2 SO 4 And 50wt.% of H 3 PO 4 The mixed solution of (2) is electrolytic polishing solution, the voltage is 40V, and the polishing time is 2min;
s3, electrochemical reaming: taking the stainless steel subjected to electrolytic polishing in the step S2 as an anode, taking a graphite electrode as a cathode, and placing the stainless steel in a volume fraction of 10% of HClO 4 And 90% (CH) 2 OH) 2 In the mixed solution of (2), the working voltage is 40V, the temperature is 0 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 8min; obtaining the stainless steel with the surface provided with the nano holes.
Wherein, the spacing between the stainless steel and the graphite in the step S2 and the step S3 is 800mm; the ratio of the working area of the stainless steel (anode) to the working area of the graphite electrode (cathode) immersed in the liquid is 1:2.5; in step S1, a 0.1M nitric acid solution is used for pickling for 20min. The roughness of the surface of the stainless steel after the surface treatment is 35-65 mu m.
Example 3 preparation method of stainless Steel surface nanopores
The preparation method of the stainless steel surface nano-hole of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out surface pretreatment on stainless steel to be treated; the surface pretreatment comprises pickling and degreasing and polishing;
s2, electrolytic polishing: at room temperature, the surface-cleaned stainless steel was used as an anode, a graphite electrode was used as a cathode, and 40wt.% of H was used 2 SO 4 And 60wt.% of H 3 PO 4 Is a mixed solution of (a) and (b)The polishing time is 3min when the voltage is 20V;
s3, electrochemical reaming: taking the stainless steel subjected to electrolytic polishing in the step S2 as an anode, taking a graphite electrode as a cathode, and placing the stainless steel in a volume fraction of 4% of HClO 4 And 96% (CH) 2 OH) 2 In the mixed solution of (2), the working voltage is 20V, the temperature is 0 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 10min; obtaining the stainless steel with the surface provided with the nano holes.
Wherein, the spacing between the stainless steel and the graphite in the step S2 and the step S3 is 1000mm; the ratio of the working area of the stainless steel (anode) to the working area of the graphite electrode (cathode) immersed in the liquid is 1:2.5; in step S1, a 0.1M nitric acid solution is used for pickling for 25min. The roughness of the surface of the stainless steel after the surface treatment is 35-65 mu m.
Examples 4 to 6
Stainless steel obtained by the preparation method of the surface nanopores of the stainless steel of examples 1 to 3 are examples 4 to 6, respectively; the pore size is 50-80 nm. FIG. 2 is a metallographic photograph of an untreated stainless steel sheet surface at 100 times magnification, which shows that the stainless steel sheet surface is rough; FIG. 3 is a 2-fold magnification image of the surface of the stainless steel after electropolishing, wherein the surface flatness of the stainless steel after electropolishing is high; FIG. 4 is an SEM photograph of the surface of the stainless steel after nano-pore formation in example 3, and the treated stainless steel has a flat surface, small pore diameter and uniform distribution; fig. 5 is an SEM photograph of the surface of the stainless steel after nano-pore formation in comparative example 1, and it is clear from the figure that the surface of the treated stainless steel is flat, the pore diameter of the nano-pores is significantly larger than those of examples 1 to 3, and the distribution is not uniform enough.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the ordered microporous structure on the surface of the stainless steel with the application number of CN201410821884.7 comprises the following steps:
y1. A1 mm thick stainless steel plate was wire cut into 30mm by 20mm specimens;
y2. placing stainless steel into 836 type metal cleaning solution, ultrasonically cleaning for 15min, and degreasing;
y3. adopts WYK-15010K straightCarrying out electrochemical polishing on the degreased stainless steel by using a current stabilizing power supply to obtain a mirror surface; electrochemical polishing process: stainless steel sample is used as anode, high purity graphite sheet is used as cathode, the area ratio of cathode to anode is 3:1, the interval between cathode and anode is 50mm, and the electrolytic polishing solution has concentration of 300ml/L H 2 SO 4 ，600ml/L H 3 PO 4 30ml/L glycerol, the temperature of the polishing solution is 85 ℃, a constant-current method is adopted, and the current density is 50A/dm 2 Polishing time is 3min; between each step, the stainless steel sample is cleaned by deionized water, and then the next step is carried out;
y4. stainless steel passivation: placing polished stainless steel into 50% nitric acid solution for passivation treatment to obtain a compact oxide film; and (3) passivating: the passivation time was 20min and the temperature was room temperature. Washing with deionized water after passivation, and then placing into a prepared phosphoric acid solution for electrochemical corrosion;
y5. stainless steel electrochemical corrosion: carrying out electrochemical corrosion on the passivated stainless steel sample by adopting a WYK-15010K direct current voltage-stabilizing and current-stabilizing power supply to obtain an ordered micropore structure; electrochemical corrosion process: the stainless steel sample is used as anode, the high purity graphite sheet is used as cathode, the area ratio of the cathode to the anode is 3:1, the interval between the cathode and the anode is 50mm, the electrochemical corrosive liquid is aqueous solution with the phosphoric acid concentration of 15g/L, the solution temperature is 0-5 ℃, a constant current method is adopted, and the current density is 5A/dm 2 Etching time is 120min; according to the application and the requirements of the stainless steel product, the diameter of the micropore can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of phosphoric acid in the electrochemical corrosion liquid, and the depth of the micropore can be controlled by adjusting the electrochemical corrosion time.
The stainless steel surface obtained in comparative example 1 was examined metallographically, and the pore size was about 300nm as shown in FIG. 5.
As shown in FIG. 1, the stainless steel with the nano holes on the surface obtained in the examples 4 to 6 is subjected to a cleaning treatment 4, ethanol or deionized water is selected as a cleaning solution, the surface of the stainless steel is cleaned, and then the stainless steel is put into an electroplating device for electroplating treatment 5 to obtain Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS 2 The layer is subjected to surface modification treatment 6 to obtain a nano (Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS) 2 ) ++ (PTFE/MC or PTFE/NS) 2 ) And finally, carrying out heating leveling solidification treatment 7 on the coating to obtain the stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant wear-resistant coating. The specific implementation is as follows.
Example 7 preparation method of stainless Steel-based Corrosion and wear resistant coating Structure
On the basis of the stainless steel surface nano holes prepared by the method of the embodiment 3, the stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure is prepared, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
y1. preparation of Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS 2 Coating layer
Y11 placing stainless steel with nanopores on the surface in Ni-Cu electroplating solution for electroplating, wherein the electroplating solution is prepared from nickel sulfate 120g/L, copper sulfate 30g/L, sodium citrate 90g/L, sodium chloride 20g/L, boric acid 30g/L, and pH is 4.0; adding 0.1g/L of SiC wear-resistant particles into the electroplating solution, and uniformly dispersing the wear-resistant particles in the electroplating solution; a Ni-Cu/SiC layer with 30wt.% copper is obtained on the surface of the stainless steel;
y12 heat treating the obtained Ni-Cu/SiC layer at 300-400 deg.c in the protection atmosphere of argon or nitrogen for 2-4 hr; obtaining the stainless steel with the Ni-Cu/SiC coating;
y2. preparation of nano Ni-Cu/SiC+PTFE/SiC coating
Y21 preparing 10wt% PTFE suspension, and adding 8g/L SiC adhesive to obtain composite suspension;
y22 dispersing the prepared composite suspension for 4h with ultrasonic wave of 25KHz;
y23 soaking stainless steel with Ni-Cu/SiC+PTFE/SiC coating in suspension for 10min, drying for 10min, and soaking for 3 times; obtaining the stainless steel with the nano Ni-Cu/SiC+PTFE/SiC coating;
and Y33, placing the obtained stainless steel with the nano Ni-Cu/SiC+PTFE/SiC coating into a heat treatment furnace, and heating, leveling and curing at 300-350 ℃ to obtain the stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating.
Example 8 preparation method of stainless Steel-based Corrosion and wear resistant coating Structure
On the basis of the stainless steel surface nano-holes prepared by the method of example 3, a stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure is prepared, and the preparation method is basically the same as that of example 7, except that in the step Y11, 10g/L of SiC wear-resistant particles are added into the electroplating solution; in step Y21, a 30% PTFE suspension was prepared, and 2g/L of a SiC binder was added; in the step Y23, soaking for 30min, drying for 30min, and then continuously soaking for 6 times; the remaining steps were the same as in the preparation method of example 7.
Example 9 preparation method of stainless Steel-based Corrosion and wear resistant coating Structure
On the basis of the stainless steel surface nano-holes prepared by the method of example 3, a stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure is prepared, and the preparation method is basically the same as that of example 7, except that in the step Y11, 4.5g/L of SiC wear-resistant particles are added into the electroplating solution; in step Y21, a 15% PTFE suspension was prepared, and 6g/L of a SiC binder was added; in the step Y22, the prepared composite suspension is dispersed for 2 hours by ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic power is 40KHz; in the step Y23, soaking for 15min, drying for 30min, and then continuously soaking for 6 times; the remaining steps were the same as in the preparation method of example 7.
Example 10 preparation method of stainless Steel-based Corrosion and wear resistant coating Structure
Example 3 preparation of stainless Steel based Corrosion and wear resistant coating Structure based on surface nanopores of stainless Steel, the preparation method was essentially the same as example 7, except that in step Y11, 10g/L MoS was added to the plating solution 2 Wear-resistant particles; the remaining steps were the same as in the preparation method of example 7.
Example 11 preparation method of stainless Steel-based Corrosion and wear resistant coating Structure
Example 3 preparation of stainless Steel based Corrosion and wear resistant coating Structure based on surface nanopores of stainless Steel, the preparation method was essentially the same as example 7, except that in step Y11, 15g/L MoS was added to the plating solution 2 Wear-resistant particles; the remaining steps were the same as in the preparation method of example 7.
Preparation method of stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure of comparative example 2
Stainless steel with ordered surface microporous structure prepared in comparative example 1 was subjected to preparation of a stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure, and its preparation method was the same as in example 9.
The stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structures prepared in examples 8 to 11 and comparative example 2 were subjected to salt spray test, wear-resistant test and acid and alkali-resistant test of the coating. The specific experimental method is as follows:
(1) Salt spray test: and (3) carrying out a 240h neutral salt spray test according to the GB/T10125-2012 standard, and soaking the powder in 3.5 ωt% neutral salt water for 1000h at normal temperature.
(2) Acid and alkali resistance experiment: acid resistance test at 70℃and 0.5mol/L H 2 SO 4 Testing corrosion current in a +2ppm HF environment; alkali resistance experiments corrosion currents were tested in a 0.1mol/L NaOH environment at 60 ℃.
The specific experimental data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
FIGS. 6 to 7 are SEM pictures of a Ni-Cu/SiC coating layer and SEM pictures of a stainless steel structure of a nano Ni-Cu/SiC+PTFE/SiC coating layer obtained by the step Y1 of example 9. The surface roughness of the electroplated coating is higher, so that the friction coefficient of the coating is large, the corrosion resistance performance is reduced, the surface soaked by PTFE and the like is effectively filled with particles such as PTFE, the surface flatness is improved, and the corrosion resistance performance and the surface lubrication effect are improved.
FIG. 8 is a drawing showing a structure of a stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating prepared by the method of example 9, 0.5MH at 70 ℃ 2 SO 4 Electrokinetic polarization curve of +2ppmHF solution environmental test, corrosion current of curve surface coating is 0.43. Mu.A/cm 2 The coating has excellent corrosion resistance.
Experimental results show that the stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant wear-resistant coating structure has extremely strong acid and alkali resistance and wear resistance, can be widely applied to an acid and alkali environment and a working environment with strong seawater environment corrosion, and has huge economic benefits.
It is apparent that the above examples are only examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are to be included in the protection of the present claims.
Claims (9)
1. The stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure is characterized by comprising a stainless steel substrate and a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating which are sequentially arranged, wherein the corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating comprises a Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS combined by electrodeposition 2 Coating and heat treatment combined PTFE/MC or PTFE/NS 2 A coating; wherein MC is wear-resistant carbide, and NS2 is wear-resistant sulfide; the surface of the stainless steel substrate is provided with a nano hole with the aperture of 50-80 nm; the preparation method of the pore diameter of the surface preparation comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out surface pretreatment on stainless steel to be treated; the surface pretreatment comprises pickling and degreasing and polishing;
s2, electrolytic polishing: at room temperature, the stainless steel with the surface cleaned is taken as an anode, a graphite electrode is taken as a cathode, and 30 to 50wt.% of H is taken as the cathode 2 SO 4 And 50wt.% to 70wt.% H 3 PO 4 The mixed solution of (2) is electrolytic polishing solution, and the polishing time is 2-5 min under the voltage of 10-40V;
s3, electrochemical reaming: taking the stainless steel subjected to electrolytic polishing in the step S2 as an anode, taking a graphite electrode as a cathode, and placing the stainless steel in a HClO (hydrogen chloride) volume fraction of 5% -10% 4 And 90% to 95% (CH) 2 OH) 2 In the mixed solution, the working voltage is 10-40V, the temperature is-10-0 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 8-15 min; obtaining the stainless steel with the surface provided with the nano holes.
2. The stainless steel-based corrosion and wear resistant coating structure according to claim 1, wherein said MC is one of SiC or WC, and said NS 2 Is MoS 2 。
3. The stainless steel-based corrosion and wear resistant coating structure according to claim 1, wherein in step S2 and step S3, the distance between the stainless steel and the graphite is 250 mm-1000 mm.
4. The stainless steel-based corrosion and wear resistant coating structure according to claim 1, wherein in step S2 and step S3, the ratio of the working area of the stainless steel to the working area of the graphite electrode immersed in the liquid is 1:1-2.5.
5. A method for producing a stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
y1 preparation of Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS 2 Coating layer
Y11, placing stainless steel with nano holes on the surface in Ni-Cu electroplating solution for electroplating, wherein the electroplating solution is prepared from 80-120 g/L nickel sulfate, 15-30 g/L copper sulfate, 80-100 g/L sodium citrate, 15-30 g/L sodium chloride and 20-40 g/L boric acid, and the pH value of the electroplating solution is 4.0-6.0; adding MC or NS in an amount of 0.1-10 g/L into the electroplating solution 2 Wear-resistant particles uniformly dispersed in the plating solution; ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS with 30wt.% copper content on the surface of stainless steel 2 A layer;
y12 Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS to be obtained 2 Carrying out heat treatment on the layer, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 300-400 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 2-4 hours; to obtain Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS with 2 Coated stainless steel;
y2. preparation of nano (Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS) 2 ) ++ (PTFE/MC or PTFE/NS) 2 ) Coating layer
Y21, preparing 10-30 wt.% PTFE suspension, and adding 2-8 g/L MC or 10-15 g/L NS2 adhesive to obtain a composite suspension;
y22 dispersing the prepared composite suspension for 2-4 h with ultrasonic wave of 25-40 KHz;
y23 will carry Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS 2 Immersing the coated stainless steel into the suspension for 10-30 min; drying for 10-30 min, continuously immersing, and repeatingMultiple times; obtaining the nano (Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS) 2 ) Stainless steel with a + (PTFE/MC or PTFE/NS 2) coating;
y33 to obtain a nano (Ni-Cu/MC or Ni-Cu/NS) 2 ) ++ (PTFE/MC or PTFE/NS) 2 ) And (3) placing the coated stainless steel in a heat treatment furnace, and heating, leveling and curing at 300-350 ℃ to obtain the stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating.
6. The method for producing a stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure according to claim 5, wherein in step Y11, the current density of the plating is 3 to 8A/dm 2 The temperature is 40-60 ℃.
7. The method for producing a stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure according to claim 5, wherein the number of immersion times obtained in step Y23 is 3 to 6.
8. The method for producing a stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating structure according to claim 5, wherein the heat treatment in step Y12 is performed in a protective atmosphere of argon or nitrogen.
9. The stainless steel-based corrosion-resistant wear-resistant coating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 applied to an acidic and alkaline environment and a seawater environment with strong corrosion.
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