CN111663159A - Preparation method of wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating - Google Patents
Preparation method of wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating Download PDFInfo
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- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating, which is characterized in that a brass substrate is put into acetone and is ultrasonically cleaned; degreasing the matrix by a chemical method, and then soaking the matrix in a hydrochloric acid solution for pickling and activating to remove oil stains on the surface of the matrix; a Cr-SiC-PTFE layer is electroplated on a brass substrate to obtain a Cr-SiC-PTFE high-wear-resistance composite coating, the friction coefficient of the obtained composite coating is 0.34, the hardness reaches the maximum value of 16.5GPa, the coating has high hardness and good wear resistance, and can be used as a protective coating of a friction-wear-resistant workpiece. The method has the advantages of simple process, high deposition speed, low cost and good bonding strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a metal surface modified lubricating coating, in particular to a preparation method of a wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating, belonging to the technical field of materials.
Background
Electroplating is a surface treatment technique for surface modification, and different coatings are applied to the surface of materials to meet different performance requirements, so that electroplating has been widely used in various fields of industrial production and scientific research. The chromium plating layer obtained by electroplating has good wear resistance, hardness and corrosion resistance, and can be used for decorative plating layers and also used for functional plating layers in a large amount. The traditional chromium plating adopts hexavalent chromium plating solution for electroplating chromium, the toxicity is very high and is about 100 times of that of trivalent chromium, and if the content of hexavalent chromium in water exceeds 0.1mg/L, the chromium is poisoned. In order to replace hexavalent chromium plating, many studies have been made, among which trivalent chromium is mainly used to replace hexavalent chromium plating, and is most promising. The trivalent chromium sulfate plating solution coating has the advantages of low pollution, high current efficiency and the like, and great progress is made in recent years.
In the research field, a great deal of research has been done on the preparation process of trivalent chromium composite coatings, and a sulfate trivalent chromium double-tank electroplating process was developed in 1981 by Caning in UK. Ibrahim et al invented a process for electroplating thick chromium from trivalent chromium using urea as a complexing agent in 1998. The research on acetate systems, formate systems and the like is mainly carried out by Harbin industrial university in China as a representative, and small-scale production and application are obtained. Research on trivalent chromium sulfate electroplating and titanium-based anodes was conducted in the 90 s of the 20 th century, at the university of industry in south and central provinces and at the university of Guangzhou, II. In the 20 th century, the chemical technology center of Beijing Lanlijiamei invented a BSC12 type trivalent chromium hard chromium electroplating solution, which has good stability and solves the problems of poor bonding force between the coating and the substrate and the failure to obtain a thick coating in the existing trivalent chromium electroplating technology, but the uniform plating capability of the trivalent chromium prepared by the method is not very good, and the frictional wear performance is further improved.
Therefore, the trivalent chromium coating still has certain limitations in the use process, and under the working condition that the trivalent chromium coating is seriously worn or even worn after parts (such as bearings, pipelines, axes and the like) under heavy-load and high-wear-resistance environments are used for a period of time, the microhardness and the wear resistance of the trivalent chromium composite coating are required to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the prior trivalent chromium coating has the technical problem of poor friction and wear resistance.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1): placing the brass base material into acetone, and ultrasonically cleaning;
step 2): degreasing the matrix by a chemical method, and then soaking the matrix in a hydrochloric acid solution for pickling and activating to remove oil stains on the surface of the matrix;
step 3): electroplating a layer of Cr-SiC-PTFE on the brass substrate.
Preferably, the ultrasonic cleaning in step 1) adopts an ultrasonic cleaning instrument, and the process parameters are as follows: power 90w, time 30 min.
Preferably, the solution adopted by the chemical method in the step 2) contains NaOH and Na2CO3And Na3PO4。
More preferably, the concentration of NaOH in the solution is 20g/L, Na2CO3Has a concentration of 30g/L, Na3PO4The concentration of (2) was 30 g/L.
More preferably, the chemical method in the step 2) is specifically: the solution is heated to 70-80 deg.C, and then the substrate is placed in the solution for 10-15 min.
Preferably, in the step 2), the volume concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 40-60%, the solution temperature is normal temperature, and the soaking time is 4min, so that an oxide layer on the surface of the brass matrix is removed, a fully exposed brass matrix is obtained, the surface activity of the matrix is greatly enhanced, and the subsequent deposition of the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating is facilitated.
Preferably, the electroplating in the step 3) adopts trivalent chromium electroplating solution, the doping amount of SiC is 1.25g/L, the concentration of PTFE is 12.5mL/L, and the current density is 35A/dm2The pH value is 2.0, the temperature is 45 ℃, and the deposition time is 20 minutes.
The invention plates a layer of Cr-SiC-PTFE on a brass substrate, the preparation of the electroplating coating firstly polishes the surface of the substrate, carries out proper pretreatment processes of chemical oil removal and acid cleaning activation on the brass substrate after ultrasonic cleaning, controls the SiC concentration in trivalent chromium electroplating solution during electroplating, finally obtains the Cr-SiC-PTFE coating as a wear-resistant layer, and the obtained Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating has the friction coefficient of 0.34 and the hardness of 16.5GPa at the maximum. Particularly, when the doping amount of SiC in the trivalent chromium electroplating solution is 1.25g/L, the obtained Cr-SiC-PTFE wear-resistant coating has a more compact and uniform coating microstructure.
The invention adopts the wear-resistant and smooth-processing technology of the surface of the base material for preparing the Cr-SiC-PTFE coating by electroplating, and prepares the Cr-SiC-PTFE wear-resistant coating with excellent frictional wear performance and uniform surface by optimizing the preparation process parameters. Compared with the traditional process, the process complexity is reduced, the production cost is reduced, the frictional wear performance of the coating is improved, the coating can be used as a protective coating of a frictional wear resistant workpiece, and the preparation method has the advantages of simple process, high deposition speed, low cost, good bonding strength and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an XRD spectrum of a Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating obtained in examples 1-7 when the SiC concentration in a trivalent chromium plating solution during electroplating is respectively 0g/L, 0.5g/L, 0.75g/L, 1.0g/L, 1.25g/L, 1.75g/L and 2.5 g/L;
FIG. 2a is an SEM image of the surface topography of the resulting electroplated Cr-SiC-PTFE wear-resistant coating when the concentration of SiC in the trivalent chromium electroplating solution during electroplating is 0 g/L;
FIG. 2b is an SEM image of the surface topography of the resulting electroplated Cr-SiC-PTFE wear-resistant coating when the concentration of SiC in the trivalent chromium electroplating solution during electroplating is 0.5 g/L;
FIG. 2c is an SEM image of the surface topography of the resulting electroplated Cr-SiC-PTFE wear-resistant coating when the concentration of SiC in the trivalent chromium electroplating solution during electroplating is 0.75 g/L;
FIG. 2d is an SEM image of the surface topography of the resulting electroplated Cr-SiC-PTFE wear-resistant coating when the concentration of SiC in the trivalent chromium electroplating solution during electroplating is 1.0 g/L;
FIG. 2e is an SEM image of the surface topography of the resulting electroplated Cr-SiC-PTFE wear-resistant coating when the concentration of SiC in the trivalent chromium electroplating solution during electroplating is 1.25 g/L;
FIG. 2f is an SEM image of the surface topography of the resulting electroplated Cr-SiC-PTFE wear-resistant coating when the concentration of SiC in the trivalent chromium electroplating solution during electroplating is 1.75 g/L;
FIG. 2g is an SEM image of the surface topography of the resulting electroplated Cr-SiC-PTFE wear-resistant coating when the concentration of SiC in the trivalent chromium electroplating solution during electroplating is 2.5 g/L;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the microhardness and elastic modulus of Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coatings obtained when the concentrations of SiC in the trivalent chromium plating solutions in the plating processes of examples 1-7 were 0g/L, 0.5g/L, 0.75g/L, 1.0g/L, 1.25g/L, 1.75g/L, and 2.5g/L, respectively;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the friction coefficient of Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coatings obtained when the concentrations of SiC in the trivalent chromium plating solutions in the plating processes of examples 1 to 7 were 0g/L, 0.5g/L, 0.75g/L, 1.0g/L, 1.25g/L, 1.75g/L, and 2.5g/L, respectively;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the wear resistance of Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coatings obtained when the concentrations of SiC in the trivalent chromium plating solutions in the electroplating processes of examples 1-7 were 0g/L, 0.5g/L, 0.75g/L, 1.0g/L, 1.25g/L, 1.75g/L, and 2.5g/L, respectively.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing H concentrations of Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coatings obtained when SiC concentrations in trivalent chromium plating solutions were 0g/L, 0.5g/L, 0.75g/L, 1.0g/L, 1.25g/L, 1.75g/L, and 2.5g/L in the electroplating processes of examples 1 to 7, respectively3/E2(H is hardness, E is modulus of elasticity) graph.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The preparation, characterization and measurement instrument used in the invention:
the Cr-SiC-PTFE layers obtained in the examples of the present invention were analyzed for the crystal phase structure of the film using a D8 ADVANCE X-ray diffraction (XRD) instrument from Bruker;
analyzing the composition, the micro-morphology and the thickness of the Cr-SiC-PTFE layer by using a QuantaFEG450 field emission environment Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with an energy spectrometer (EDS) of the FEI company in America;
measuring the hardness and the elastic modulus of the composite coating by adopting a NANO Indenter model G200 manufactured by Agilent company in America;
measuring the friction wear coefficient of the composite coating by using an HSR-2M reciprocating friction wear instrument of Kyowa Kay science and technology Limited in Lanzhou;
a high-frequency rectifier of Fushuntai science and technology Limited in Shenzhen city is used for providing electroplating power supplies (50A and 24V);
the samples were weighed for initial and final mass measurement using an XP6 analytical balance (METTLER TOLEDO, Switzerland) and the abrasion resistance of the composite coating was evaluated by weight loss.
Example 1
A preparation method of a wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the substrate into a beaker containing 100mL of acetone, and cleaning for 10min by adopting ultrasonic waves, wherein the power is set to be 90W;
(2) then, degreasing the substrate by adopting a chemical method, wherein the degreasing temperature is 70-80 ℃, the time is 10-15min, and then pickling and activating the substrate for 4min by using hydrochloric acid with the volume fraction of 40-60%;
(3) plating a layer of Cr-SiC-PTFE on the brass base material by electroplating; the PTFE concentration of the trivalent chromium electroplating solution is 12.5ml/L, and the current density is 35A/dm2The pH was about 2.0, the temperature was 45 ℃ and the deposition time was 20 minutes.
The substrate used was a H70 brass coupon, 40mm long, 40mm wide and 0.3mm thick.
In the electroplating process, the temperature of the trivalent chromium electroplating solution is controlled to be 45 ℃, the pH value is controlled to be 2.0, and the current density is controlled to be 35A/dm2And stirring slowly by using a magnetic stirrer, and depositing for 20min to obtain the Cr-SiC-PTFE wear-resistant coating.
Example 2
A preparation method of a wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating is characterized in that the SiC doping amount in trivalent chromium electroplating solution in the electroplating process in the step (3) of the preparation process is 0.5g/L, the concentration of PTFE is 12.5ml/L, the temperature of the electroplating solution is 45 ℃, the pH value is 2.0, and the current density is 35A/dm2。
Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Example 3
A preparation method of a wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating is characterized in that the doping amount of SiC in trivalent chromium electroplating solution in the electroplating process in the step (3) of the preparation process is 0.75g/L, the concentration of PTFE is 12.5ml/L, the temperature of the electroplating solution is 45 ℃, the pH value is 2.0, and the current density is 35A/dm2。
Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Example 4
A preparation method of a wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating is characterized in that the doping amount of SiC in trivalent chromium electroplating solution in the electroplating process in the step (3) of the preparation process is 1.0g/L, the concentration of PTFE is 12.5ml/L, the temperature of the electroplating solution is 45 ℃, the pH value is 2.0, and the current density is 35A/dm2。
Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Example 5
A preparation method of a wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating is characterized in that the doping amount of SiC in trivalent chromium electroplating solution in the electroplating process in the step (3) of the preparation process is 1.25g/L, the concentration of PTFE is 12.5ml/L, the temperature of the electroplating solution is 45 ℃, the pH value is 2.0, and the current density is 35A/dm2。
Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Example 6
A preparation method of a wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating is only in trivalent chromium electroplating solution in the electroplating process in the step (3) of the preparation processThe doping amount of SiC of the alloy is 1.75g/L, the concentration of PTFE is 12.5ml/L, the temperature of the plating solution is 45 ℃, the pH value is 2.0, and the current density is 35A/dm2。
Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Example 7
A preparation method of a wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating is characterized in that the doping amount of SiC in trivalent chromium electroplating solution in the electroplating process in the step (3) of the preparation process is 2.5g/L, the concentration of PTFE is 12.5ml/L, the temperature of the electroplating solution is 45 ℃, the pH value is 2.0, and the current density is 35A/dm2。
Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
In conclusion, the Cr-SiC-PTFE wear-resistant coating is obtained by the electroplating technology, and the Cr-SiC-PTFE wear-resistant coating obtained by the electroplating technology is finally prepared by controlling the concentration of SiC in the electroplating solution in the electroplating process, so that the obtained Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating has the advantages of compact structure, uniform size and excellent wear resistance.
Furthermore, the preparation method of the wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating is easy for industrial production and reduces the production cost.
As shown in fig. 1, XRD spectra of Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coatings obtained in examples 1 to 7, i.e., in the plating processes in which the concentrations of SiC in trivalent chromium plating solutions were 0g/L, 0.5g/L, 0.75g/L, 1.0g/L, 1.25g/L, 1.75g/L, and 2.5g/L, were measured, respectively, and as a result, as shown in fig. 1, it can be seen from fig. 1 that the shapes of the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coatings at different SiC concentrations were similar, and when the current density, plating time, PTFE concentration, PH, and temperature were maintained during the plating processes, XRD spectra for preparing Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coatings at different SiC concentrations all exhibited Cr diffraction peaks at 44.3 ° 2 θ. According to the XRD pattern, with the increasing concentration of SiC, the diffraction peak intensity of trivalent chromium firstly increases and then decreases, namely, the crystal intensity of the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating firstly increases and then decreases. When the concentration of SiC is 1.25g/L, the diffraction peak of trivalent chromium is strongest, and the diffraction peak intensities of trivalent chromium at other SiC concentrations are relatively weaker, which shows that the crystallinity of the Cr phase formed in the coating is better; however, no diffraction peaks of PTFE and SiC were observed in the XRD pattern because of the small content of PTFE and SiC nanoparticles in the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating.
When SEM images of the surface morphology of Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coatings obtained in examples 1 to 7, i.e., in the plating process, in which the concentrations of SiC in the trivalent chromium plating solutions were 0g/L, 0.5g/L, 0.75g/L, 1.0g/L, 1.25g/L, 1.75g/L and 2.5g/L, respectively, were measured, as shown in FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f and 2g, respectively, FIG. 2a is an SEM image of a SiC concentration of 0g/L, it was found that small round balls appeared when small black spots were uniformly distributed on the surface of the coating, the small black spots were PTFE particles distributed in the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating, FIGS. 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f and 2g were SEM images of SiC added, and the small round balls were SiC particles distributed in the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating, the PTFE particles and SiC particles are encased in a trivalent chromium matrix coating. When the concentration is increased from 0g/L to 1.25g/L, PTFE particles in the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating are gradually reduced, SiC particles are gradually increased, SiC particles in the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating are uniformly and dispersedly distributed, the probability that the SiC particles are embedded into the coating is increased in the electroplating process along with the increase of the SiC concentration, so that the quantity of the SiC particles entering the surface of the coating is increased, and when the speed of the SiC particles entering the surface of the coating is equal to the speed of the SiC particles embedded into the coating, the SiC particles in the coating reach the maximum value. When the concentration is increased from 1.25g/L to 2.5g/L, the amount of SiC particles entering the coating is reduced, because at the concentration, along with the increase of the concentration of SiC, the SiC particles are too many and the collision among the particles is intensified, the SiC particles and the PTFE particles are subjected to agglomeration and sedimentation in the trivalent chromium coating solution, so that the instability of the coating solution is increased, the PTFE particles and the SiC particles are in a non-uniform suspension state in the trivalent chromium coating solution, the adsorption amount of the particles on the coating surface is reduced, the compounding amount is not increased any more and is even reduced, the quality of the coating surface is gradually reduced, and the appearance is poor.
The microhardness and the elastic modulus of Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coatings obtained in examples 1 to 7, i.e., in the plating process, i.e., in which the concentrations of SiC in the trivalent chromium plating bath were 0g/L, 0.5g/L, 0.75g/L, 1.0g/L, 1.25g/L, 1.75g/L, and 2.5g/L, respectively, were measured and fitted to curves as shown in FIG. 3, and it can be seen from the curves in FIG. 3 that the hardness of the plating layer increased first and then decreased as the concentration of SiC particles increased. The microhardness of the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating is influenced by the content of SiC and PTFE particles in the coating. Because the SiC particles have high hardness (31.3GPa), when the SiC concentration in the trivalent chromium plating solution is increased to 1.25g/L from 0g/L, the SiC content in the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating is increased, the PTFE particle content is reduced, and SiC and PTFE particles are dispersed in the coating, so that the dispersion strengthening effect is generated, the hardness of the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating is increased, when the SiC concentration is 1.25g/L, the SiC particles in the coating reach the maximum value, and the hardness of the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating is the highest. When the concentration is increased from 1.25g/L to 2.5g/L, the amount of SiC particles in the composite coating is reduced along with the increase of the SiC concentration, the content of PTFE particles is reduced continuously, the reduction of the SiC content in the coating has larger influence on the hardness of the coating, and at the moment, the SiC particles and the PTFE particles are agglomerated and settled in the trivalent chromium plating solution, the effective concentration of the SiC particles and the PTFE particles in the trivalent chromium plating solution is obviously reduced, so the hardness of the composite coating is reduced along with the increase of the SiC concentration in the plating solution. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the trend of the change in the elastic modulus of the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating is substantially consistent with the trend of the change in the hardness.
The friction coefficients of Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coatings obtained in examples 1 to 7, i.e., in the plating process, i.e., in which the concentrations of SiC in the trivalent chromium plating solutions were 0g/L, 0.5g/L, 0.75g/L, 1.0g/L, 1.25g/L, 1.75g/L, and 2.5g/L, were measured and fitted to friction coefficient curves, as shown in FIG. 4, the friction coefficient of the plating layer increased and the lubricity decreased with the increase in the SiC concentration. The friction coefficient of the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating is mainly affected by the content of PTFE in the coating layer, because PTFE particles have an extremely low friction coefficient, and when the coating layer rubs the surface of an object, the PTFE particles are easily extruded into the surface layer to form a uniform lubricating film. When the concentration is increased from 0g/L to 1.25g/L, the composite amount of PTFE particles in the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating is gradually reduced, and the friction coefficient of the coating is increased slowly, because the more SiC particles are conveyed to the surface of a plating piece by stirring along with the increase of the SiC particles in the electroplating process, the probability that the SiC particles are embedded into the coating is increased, the embedding of the PTFE particles is influenced, the proportion of adsorbing the PTFE particles on the surface of the plating piece is reduced, and the PTFE particles in the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating are gradually reduced. The concentration is increased from 1.25g/L to 2.5g/L, and as the SiC concentration in the trivalent chromium composite plating solution is further increased, the content of SiC in the plating solution is too high, the stability of the composite plating solution is remarkably reduced, and SiC and PTFE nano particles are difficult to maintain a uniform and stable suspension state, so that the effective concentration of PTFE in the plating solution is reduced, the content of PTFE in the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating is remarkably reduced, the friction coefficient of the coating is greatly increased, and the lubricating performance is further reduced.
The wear resistance of Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coatings obtained in examples 1 to 7, i.e., in the plating process, i.e., when the SiC concentration in the trivalent chromium plating solution was 0g/L, 0.5g/L, 0.75g/L, 1.0g/L, 1.25g/L, 1.75g/L, and 2.5g/L, respectively, was measured and fitted to a wear characteristic curve, as shown in FIG. 5, the wear amount of the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating decreased first and then increased as the SiC concentration in the trivalent chromium plating solution increased. The wear resistance of the plating layer is closely related to the hardness and the friction coefficient of the plating layer, the higher the hardness of the plating layer is, the stronger the plastic deformation resistance of the surface of the plating layer is, and the low friction coefficient can ensure that the friction force between the plating layer and the opposite-grinding material is maintained at a lower level, thereby having better wear resistance. When the SiC concentration in the trivalent chromium plating solution is 0.0 to 1.25g/L, as can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, the hardness of the plating layer increases with the increase of the SiC concentration, but the friction coefficient does not increase much and is at a low level, so that the wear amount of the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating decreases with the increase of the SiC concentration, and when the SiC concentration is 1.25g/L, the wear amount of the composite coating is the lowest, and good wear resistance is exhibited. With the continuous increase of the SiC concentration, the hardness of the coating is reduced, the friction coefficient is always increased, so that the abrasion loss of the composite coating is increased, and the abrasion resistance is reduced.
The wear resistances H3/E2(H is hardness, E is elastic modulus) of Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coatings obtained in examples 1-7, i.e., in the plating process, i.e., when the concentrations of SiC in the trivalent chromium plating solution are 0g/L, 0.5g/L, 0.75g/L, 1.0g/L, 1.25g/L, 1.75g/L, and 2.5g/L, respectively, were measured, and a H3/E2 characteristic curve was prepared as shown in the figure6, for the coating material, it is common to most researchers in academia
To evaluate the wear resistance of the material, i.e. H3/E2The larger the ratio of (a) is, the better the wear resistance of the surface plating material is. As shown in FIG. 6, H increases with the SiC concentration3/E2The ratio of (a) and (b) increases and then decreases, which indicates that the wear resistance of the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating increases and then decreases, and the wear resistance of the composite coating is the best at a SiC concentration of 1.25g/L, which is consistent with the wear resistance results of the coating measured by wear in fig. 5.
From the above examples, the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coatings with different SiC contents are finally obtained by controlling the concentration of SiC in trivalent chromium electroplating solution, and the influence of different SiC doping on the microstructure and the mechanical property of the electroplated Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coatings is compared, so that the concentration of PTFE is 12.5ml/L, and the current density is 35A/dm2The optimal SiC doping amount of the Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating is 1.25g/L when the PH value is about 2.0, the temperature is 45 ℃ and the deposition time is 20 minutes. The Cr-SiC-PTFE composite coating prepared under the doping amount has the advantages of compact structure, uniform grain size, tight combination between the coating and the matrix and optimal surface wear resistance.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1): placing the brass base material into acetone, and ultrasonically cleaning;
step 2): degreasing the matrix by a chemical method, and then soaking the matrix in a hydrochloric acid solution for pickling and activating to remove oil stains on the surface of the matrix;
step 3): electroplating a layer of Cr-SiC-PTFE on the brass substrate.
2. The method for preparing the wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic cleaning in the step 1) adopts an ultrasonic cleaning instrument, and the process parameters are as follows: power 90w, time 30 min.
3. The method for preparing the wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating according to claim 1, wherein the chemical method in the step 2) adopts a solution containing NaOH and Na2CO3And Na3PO4。
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the NaOH concentration in the solution is 20g/L and Na2CO3Has a concentration of 30g/L, Na3PO4The concentration of (2) was 30 g/L.
5. The method for preparing the wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating according to claim 3, wherein the chemical method in the step 2) is specifically as follows: the solution is heated to 70-80 deg.C, and then the substrate is placed in the solution for 10-15 min.
6. The method for preparing the wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating according to claim 1, wherein the volume concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution in the step 2) is 40-60%, the solution temperature is normal temperature, and the soaking time is 4 min.
7. The method for preparing the wear-resistant silicon carbide doped composite coating according to claim 1, wherein the electroplating in the step 3) adopts trivalent chromium electroplating solution, the SiC doping amount is 1.25g/L, the concentration of PTFE is 12.5mL/L, and the current density is 35A/dm2The pH was 2.0, the temperature was 45 ℃ and the deposition time was 20 minutes.
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