CN111607816A - Method for pulse electrodeposition of Ni-SiC composite coating on surface of aluminum alloy - Google Patents

Method for pulse electrodeposition of Ni-SiC composite coating on surface of aluminum alloy Download PDF

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CN111607816A
CN111607816A CN202010492650.8A CN202010492650A CN111607816A CN 111607816 A CN111607816 A CN 111607816A CN 202010492650 A CN202010492650 A CN 202010492650A CN 111607816 A CN111607816 A CN 111607816A
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aluminum alloy
composite coating
sic
sic composite
electrodeposition
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王启伟
朱胜
李卫
李庆阳
阳颖飞
张鹏
王永喆
曾大海
李双建
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Jinan University
University of Jinan
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/52—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating using reducing agents for coating with metallic material not provided for in a single one of groups C23C18/32 - C23C18/50
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
    • C23F1/10—Etching compositions
    • C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/18—Electroplating using modulated, pulsed or reversing current
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
    • C25D5/42—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of light metals
    • C25D5/44—Aluminium

Abstract

The invention provides a method for pulse electrodeposition of a Ni-SiC composite coating on the surface of an aluminum alloy, wherein the electroplating solution comprises the following components: sodium citrate, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, boric acid, silicon carbide particles and a surfactant sodium stearate; wherein the pH of the electroplating solution is 5-6; mechanically stirring in the electrodeposition process; said electrodeposition ofThe current density is 15-22A/dm2. The method can obtain the Ni-SiC composite coating which is refined, compact, uniformly dispersed and high in silicon carbide content, solves the technical problem of poor wear resistance of the aluminum alloy, and can effectively protect the aluminum alloy sample by the Ni-SiC composite coating which is high in binding force, high in silicon carbide hard particle content, uniformly distributed, high in hardness and good in wear resistance.

Description

Method for pulse electrodeposition of Ni-SiC composite coating on surface of aluminum alloy
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal material surface modification, in particular to a method for pulse electrodeposition of a Ni-SiC composite coating on an aluminum alloy surface.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of industrial technologies in China, in order to further improve the production efficiency of parts and reduce the production cost, the industrial field puts forward higher and more rigorous requirements on the performance of materials. Such as high strength, hardness, friction and wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc., while maximizing part performance while minimizing the emission of environmentally harmful pollutants. In the industrial and mining field with severe conditions, in order to better protect the aluminum alloy equipment, a layer of protective film is prepared on the surface of the aluminum alloy product to improve the surface hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy product, so that the aluminum alloy product is better protected.
At present, in order to improve the surface hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and other mechanical properties of an aluminum alloy product, the surface of the aluminum alloy is usually subjected to electroplating treatment, and the existing electroplating process comprises the following steps: Ni-SiC composite electroplating, chrome plating and the like. The chromium metal plating layer shows a plurality of excellent performances such as high corrosion resistance, wear resistance, hardness and the like, low oxidation rate at high temperature and better strength retentivity, solves the abrasion problem of the aluminum alloy in the use process, and prolongs the service life of the aluminum alloy. However, the gas and waste liquid generated in the process of chromium electroplating can cause great harm to human body and environment, so a new green and healthy process needs to be found to replace chromium electroplating.
Ni-SiC composite plating is a process of co-depositing metallic Ni with SiC particles using electrodeposition or electroless plating to obtain a composite material. As a relatively new material surface treatment technology, the method has become an important method for improving the performances of wear resistance, hardness, corrosion resistance and the like of the material surface. Compared with chromium plating process, the Ni-SiC composite plating conforms to the national clean production concept, the process avoids pollutants for human bodies and environment, the electroplating cost is reduced, and the main performances of the Ni-SiC composite plating layer such as hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like are equivalent to or superior to those of a chromium metal plating layer.
At present, a plurality of literatures and patents describe a preparation method of a Ni-SiC composite coating deposited on the surface of an aluminum alloy and an electroplating solution used by the preparation method; CN109797413 "Ni-P-SiC composite plating electroplating solution and electroplating method of aluminum alloy substrate" uses sulfamate type electroplating solution, pH value of which is 1.5, and is supplied with 3.5A/dm by DC power supply2The current is used for electroplating, and in the research and application of the wear-resistant Ni-SiC composite coating, the current is less than 2A/dm under an amino sulfonate type plating solution system2It is difficult to ensure the content of silicon carbide in the coating.
Chinese patent CN105506526, a preparation method of Ni-SiC composite coating on the surface of aluminum alloy and plating solution thereof, adopts a constant direct current power supply, performs electroplating in an air stirring mode, the used plating solution has strong acidity, and the pre-treatment adopts secondary zinc dipping to improve the binding force of the coating and the aluminum alloy matrix.
In the field of electroplating, too low a cathode current density is rarely used during production and testing. As the current density of the cathode is increased, the polarization of the cathode is increased, the crystallization of the coating becomes fine and compact, and the upper limit of the current density is generally maintained between 5 and 10A/dm in the electroplating process reported in the literature2Within the range; for using different classesIn the type of plating solution, the current density at the cathode cannot be too high and cannot exceed an allowable upper limit value, and the quality of the plating layer is seriously affected if not. In article "preparation and performance research of high-frequency pulse electrodeposition Ni-SiC nano composite coating", in experiment, the frequency range applied by power supply is 20-140 kHz, and the upper limit of current density used is 5A/dm2When the current density is 5A/dm2The coating begins to blister seriously and cannot be formed.
Therefore, in order to reduce the electroplating cost and avoid the problems of coarse structure, uneven particle distribution, weak bonding force between the coating and the substrate, and the like of the Ni-SiC composite coating in the electroplating process, a novel method for electrodepositing the Ni-SiC composite coating is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for pulse electrodeposition of a Ni-SiC composite coating on the surface of an aluminum alloy. The method has the advantages that conditions such as a pretreatment process of the aluminum alloy, a plating solution formula and parameters of the Ni-SiC composite electroplating are determined, a pulse electrodeposition technology is used, mechanical stirring is used in a system with weak plating solution acidity, a high current density is applied to deposit a Ni-SiC composite plating layer with high SiC content, uniform distribution and good bonding force with a substrate on the surface of the aluminum alloy, and the technology has important significance for accelerating the actual industrial production efficiency and reducing the cost.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for pulse electrodeposition of a Ni-SiC composite coating on the surface of an aluminum alloy, wherein the used electroplating solution comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002521665050000031
wherein the pH of the electroplating solution is 5-6;
mechanically stirring in the electrodeposition process;
the current density of the electrodeposition is 15-22A/dm2。
After the preparation of the plating solution is completed, the plating solution can be mechanically stirred by a stirrer, preferably for 3 to 5 hours at a stirring rate of 150r/min, so that silicon carbide particles are uniformly distributed in the plating solution.
Preferably, the frequency of the pulse is 800-1200 Hz, and the duty ratio is 0.6-0.8.
Preferably, the mechanical stirring speed is 120-200 r/min.
Preferably, the pulse electrodeposition temperature is 40-50 ℃ and the time is 30-60 min.
Preferably, the SiC has a particle size of 60nm to 25 μm.
The current density in the electroplating process is a decisive factor for determining the electroplating efficiency, and in the prior electroplating process, because different plating solutions are used, the upper limit of the current density in the electroplating process is generally maintained at 5-10A/dm2Within the range, the efficiency is low, the production speed is low, and the production cost is indirectly improved. When the plating solution prepared by the invention is used for electroplating, the current density is maintained at 15-22A/dm2In the meantime, the plating solution is not decomposed due to high current density, and the plating layer prepared on the surface of the aluminum alloy sample has good formability.
Sodium stearate is used as a surfactant in conventional plating solutions. Lone pair electrons exist on hydroxyl oxygen atoms of stearate ions, peripheral electrons of the Ni atoms are arranged to be 3d84s2, d orbitals have two vacancies and are easy to accept electrons, therefore, the lone pair electrons can enter the vacant d orbitals to form coordination covalent bonds, so that the stearate ions are chemically adsorbed on the surface of the Ni-SiC coating, and long-chain alkyl outside the membrane is interwoven into a network structure with physical insulation and water repellency. Meanwhile, stearate ions can react with silanol groups in the Ni or silane molecules of the coating at the gaps of the silane film, so that the silane film is more compact and uniform. The composite film on the surface of the Ni-SiC coating has stronger hydrophobic and corrosion medium isolating capabilities, thereby giving better corrosion resistance to the coating.
The invention uses the pulse composite electrodeposition technology to prepare the Ni-SiC composite plating layer, and when other direct current electroplating is used, because metal ions are continuously deposited close to a cathode, hydrogen evolution and concentration polarization are inevitably caused, so that the plating layer is uneven and compact. The pulse composite electrodeposition technology utilizes the relaxation of current or voltage pulse to increase the activation polarization of the cathode and reduce the concentration polarization of the cathode, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the purity, density and uniformity of a deposited layer and reducing the void ratio of a plating layer. Meanwhile, the pulse composite electrodeposition technology is simple to operate, low in cost and high in electroplating efficiency.
In the invention, in the electroplating process of preparing the Ni-SiC composite coating by the pulse composite electrodeposition technology, compared with the electroplating technology of other direct current power supplies under the condition of low pH, the electroplating is carried out with pretreatment such as secondary zinc dipping and the like before electroplating, and in the plating solution under the condition of low acidity, the binding force between the coating and a substrate is improved by controlling the contents of sodium citrate and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate in the plating solution and the frequency and duty ratio parameters of the pulse power supply.
The invention properly increases the concentration of nickel sulfate and nickel chloride, simultaneously reduces the concentration of silicon carbide in the plating solution, and can obtain a refined compact composite plating layer at a higher plating rate.
In the invention, the pH value of the plating solution is adjusted by controlling the addition of the boric acid.
In the electroplating process, mechanical stirring is adopted, and the stirring speed is preferably 120-200r/min, so that the silicon carbide nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in the plating solution, the clustering phenomenon is avoided, and the plating layer is more compact and uniform.
The method for pulse electrodeposition of the Ni-SiC composite coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy can prepare the Ni-SiC composite coating with small porosity, strong binding capacity, high silicon carbide particle content and uniform distribution on the surface of the aluminum alloy. It has high microhardness, high antiwear performance and high anticorrosion performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an experimental setup according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a microscopic surface topography of the Ni-SiC nanocomposite coating prepared by the example of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a microscopic surface topography of a Ni-SiC micron composite coating prepared by an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a microhardness histogram of the Ni-SiC micro-nano composite coating prepared by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is an EIS curve chart of the Ni-SiC micro-nano composite coating prepared by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a Tafel curve diagram of the Ni-SiC micro-nano composite coating prepared by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
The preparation method of the Ni-SiC micron composite coating sample 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an electroplating solution: the composite plating solution is prepared by deionized water and medicine powder according to a proportion, and the medicine powder and the deionized water are fully mixed by adopting a mechanical stirring mode; the mechanical stirring duration is 3.5h, and the rotating speed is 150 r/min. The Ni-SiC micron composite coating plating solution comprises the following components: sodium citrate: 110g/L, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate: 27g/L, nickel sulfate: 220g/L, nickel chloride: 28g/L, boric acid: 18g/L of silicon carbide micro-powder with the particle size of 25 mu m: 50g/L, surfactant sodium stearate: 1.5 g/L.
(2) Mechanically flattening and pretreating an aluminum alloy sample: firstly, cutting an aluminum alloy blank into a sheet body structure with smooth surface and moderate size by using a wire cutting machine, then respectively polishing an aluminum alloy sample by using 300#, 600#, 800#1000# and 1500# abrasive paper, and then polishing by using carborundum polishing paste to remove an oxidation film generated on the surface of an aluminum alloy sheet in the mechanical leveling process; thereafter, 35g/L NaOH and 20g/L Na were used at 50 ℃ to prepare a mixture3PO4、15g/LNa2CO3The mixed solution is cleaned for 7min to remove oil stains on the aluminum alloy test piece, then ultrasonic cleaning is used for removing oil, before ultrasonic cleaning of the surface, deionized water is firstly used for washing for 2min, then the test piece is placed into a beaker filled with ethanol, the ultrasonic cleaning temperature is regulated at 45 ℃, the test piece is cleaned for 10min under the vibration of ultrasonic waves, and after the oil stains on the aluminum alloy test piece are further removed, deionized water is used for washing for 2 min. Immersing the deoiled aluminum alloy sample in 45ml/L HF and 25ml/L HN at room temperatureO3The mixed solution of (2) was subjected to acid washing activation for 15 seconds.
(3) Arranging a zinc deposition layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy sample; the first zinc dipping treatment and the second zinc dipping treatment are the same, and the used zinc deposition solution comprises: zinc oxide (ZnO): 12g/L, sodium hydroxide (NaOH): 120g/L, iron trichloride (FeCl)3·6H2O): 1.5g/L, potassium sodium tartrate (KNaC)4H4O6·4H2O): 10 g/L. The zinc dipping temperature is 30 ℃, and the treatment time is 50 s. The zinc removing is to soak the aluminum alloy sample subjected to the first zinc dipping treatment in KNO with the mass fraction of 34% at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ after the first zinc dipping treatment3And taking out the aluminum alloy test piece after the secondary zinc dipping after the solution is taken out after 30s, washing the aluminum alloy test piece after the secondary zinc dipping for 2min by using ionized water, drying the aluminum alloy test piece by using cold air of a blower, and storing the aluminum alloy test piece in a beaker filled with ethanol for composite electroplating.
(4) A composite electroplating process: the pretreated substrate is put into the prepared electroplating solution for electroplating, and a stirrer is used for mechanical stirring in the deposition process, so that the uniform dispersion degree of SiC micron particles in the electroplating solution can be increased, and SiC agglomeration in the electroplating solution is prevented. The rotating speed of the stirrer is 120r/min, the temperature of the plating solution is 50 ℃, and the current density is 18A/dm2And the pH value of the plating solution is 5. Simultaneously, an external pulse power supply is connected, and pulse composite electroplating is started, wherein the frequency of the pulse is 1000Hz, the duty ratio is 0.7, and the electroplating time is 40 min.
Example 2
The preparation method of the Ni-SiC nano composite coating sample 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an electroplating solution: the composite plating solution is prepared by deionized water and medicine powder according to a proportion, and the medicine powder and the deionized water are fully mixed by adopting a mechanical stirring mode; the mechanical stirring duration is 3.5h, and the rotating speed is 150 r/min. The Ni-SiC nano composite coating plating solution comprises the following components: sodium citrate: 110g/L, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate: 27g/L, nickel sulfate: 220g/L, nickel chloride: 28g/L, boric acid: 18g/L of silicon carbide nano powder with the grain diameter of 60 nm: 50g/L, surfactant sodium stearate: 1.5 g/L.
(2) Mechanical leveling of aluminum alloy specimensAnd pretreatment: and cutting the aluminum alloy blank into a sheet structure with flat surface and moderate size by using a wire cutting machine. Grinding the aluminum alloy test piece by using 300#, 600#, 800#1000# and 1500# abrasive paper respectively, and then polishing by using carborundum polishing paste to remove an oxidation film generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy test piece in the mechanical leveling process; at 50 deg.C, 35g/L of NaOH and 20g/L of Na are used3PO4、15g/L Na2CO3The mixed solution is cleaned for 7min to remove oil stains on the aluminum alloy test piece, then ultrasonic cleaning is used for removing oil, before ultrasonic cleaning of the surface, deionized water is firstly used for washing for 2min, then the test piece is placed into a beaker filled with ethanol, the ultrasonic cleaning temperature is regulated and controlled at 45 ℃, the test piece is cleaned for 7min under the vibration of ultrasonic waves, and after the oil stains on the aluminum alloy test piece are further removed, deionized water is used for washing for 2 min. Soaking the deoiled aluminum alloy sample in 45ml/L HF and 25ml/L HNO at room temperature3The mixed solution of (2) was subjected to acid washing activation for 15 seconds.
(3) Arranging a zinc deposition layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy sample; the first zinc dipping treatment and the second zinc dipping treatment are the same, and the used zinc deposition solution comprises: zinc oxide (ZnO): 12g/L, sodium hydroxide (NaOH): 120g/L, iron trichloride (FeCl)3·6H2O): 1.5g/L, potassium sodium tartrate (KNaC)4H4O6·4H2O): 10 g/L. The zinc dipping temperature is 30 ℃, and the treatment time is 50 s. The zinc removing is to soak the aluminum alloy sample subjected to the first zinc dipping treatment in KNO with the mass fraction of 34% at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ after the first zinc dipping treatment3And taking out the aluminum alloy test piece after the secondary zinc dipping after the solution is taken out after 30s, washing the aluminum alloy test piece after the secondary zinc dipping for 2min by using ionized water, drying the aluminum alloy test piece by using cold air of a blower, and storing the aluminum alloy test piece in a beaker filled with ethanol for composite electroplating.
(4) A composite electroplating process: the pretreated substrate is put into the prepared electroplating solution for electroplating, and a stirrer is used for mechanical stirring in the deposition process, so that the uniform dispersion degree of SiC nano particles in the electroplating solution can be increased, and SiC agglomeration in the electroplating solution is prevented. The rotating speed of the stirrer is 120r/min, the temperature is 50 ℃, and the current density is 18A/dm2pH 5. Connecting applied pulses simultaneouslyAnd (3) starting pulse composite electroplating by using a power supply, wherein the frequency of the pulse is 1000Hz, the duty ratio is 0.7, and the electroplating time is 40 min.
Experimental example 3
The prepared coating film is subjected to structure and performance measurement by using SEM, microhardness test and corrosion resistance test, and experimental results show that under the condition of mechanical stirring assistance, the Ni-SiC composite coating prepared by adopting a pulse power supply has high density, uniform SiC particle distribution, high hardness, excellent wear resistance and wear resistance.
(1) The surface appearance of the Ni-SiC composite coating is as follows:
the surface morphology of the coating is observed by adopting a Phenom XL desktop scanning electron microscope, as shown in figures 2 and 3: in the invention, SiC particles in the Ni-SiC micron composite coating prepared by using the pulse composite electrodeposition technology are uniformly distributed, and no obvious clustering phenomenon is generated; in the prepared Ni-SiC nano composite coating, the grain size of the coating is smaller, and the appearance becomes more uniform and compact. The addition of the silicon carbide nanoparticles can also be easily seen to change the surface appearance of the coating, and compared with the Ni-SiC micron composite coating, the nano composite coating is more compact, the surface roughness is reduced, and the coating is smoother.
(2) And (3) microhardness testing:
the microhardness of the Ni-SiC composite coatings was tested by using a HXD-1000TMSC digital microhardness tester. The load of a hardness meter is 200g, the load time is 15s, and the measurement result is shown in figure 4, the surface hardness of the aluminum alloy sample without the deposited composite coating is about 93HV, the hardness of the deposited Ni-SiC nano composite coating can reach about 558HV, and the hardness of the Ni-SiC micron composite coating can reach about 420 HV.
(3) Corrosion resistance test
The corrosion resistance of the prepared Ni-SiC composite plating layer was tested by using the CHI660C electrochemical workstation. The test process adopts a three-electrode system: the sample was a working electrode, a platinum sheet was an auxiliary electrode, a Saturated Calomel Electrode (SCE) was a reference electrode, a sodium chloride solution was scanned at a scanning speed of 0.5mV/s in a corrosive medium of 0.5mol/L, and the test was performed at room temperature. As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, compared with the corrosion potential of the substrate, the corrosion voltage of the deposited Ni-SiC composite coating has a larger positive shift, and meanwhile, the addition of the nanoparticles refines the grains, so that the structure of the electrodeposited layer is more uniform and compact, the void ratio of the electrodeposited layer is greatly reduced, and the corrosion resistance is enhanced.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for pulse electrodeposition of a Ni-SiC composite coating on the surface of an aluminum alloy is characterized in that an electroplating solution comprises the following components:
Figure FDA0002521665040000011
wherein the pH of the electroplating solution is 5-6;
mechanically stirring in the electrodeposition process;
the current density of the electrodeposition is 15-22A/dm2。
2. The method for pulse electrodeposition of the Ni-SiC composite coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the pulse frequency is 800 to 1200Hz, and the duty ratio is 0.6 to 0.8.
3. The method for pulse electrodeposition of a Ni-SiC composite coating on an aluminum alloy surface as recited in claim 1, wherein the mechanical stirring rate is 120-200 r/min.
4. The method for pulse electrodeposition of the Ni-SiC composite coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the pulse electrodeposition temperature is 40-50 ℃ and the time is 30-60 min.
5. The method for pulse electrodeposition of the Ni-SiC composite coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the grain size of SiC is 60nm to 25 μm.
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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113174622A (en) * 2021-04-29 2021-07-27 北京航空航天大学 Composite coating with micron-scale roughness, preparation method and application

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