CN107988834A - A kind of pre-treating method of lignocellulosic - Google Patents
A kind of pre-treating method of lignocellulosic Download PDFInfo
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- CN107988834A CN107988834A CN201610968822.8A CN201610968822A CN107988834A CN 107988834 A CN107988834 A CN 107988834A CN 201610968822 A CN201610968822 A CN 201610968822A CN 107988834 A CN107988834 A CN 107988834A
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- lignocellulosic material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/06—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/02—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to bioengineering and chemical field, discloses a kind of pre-treating method of lignocellulosic, and this method comprises the following steps：1) lignocellulosic material is subjected to the first removal of impurities, to remove part metals；2) by remove part metals after lignocellulosic material carry out first crush so that the granularity of obtained lignocellulosic material be 100 150mm ratio more than 80%, granularity less than 5mm powder proportions be not more than 12%；3) lignocellulosic material after in step 2) first is crushed carries out the second removal of impurities, further to remove metal and nonmetallic inclusion；4) the further lignocellulosic material for removing metal and nonmetallic inclusion obtained in step 3) is subjected to the second crushing so that the granularity of obtained lignocellulosic material is the ratio of 10 50mm more than 90%.This method can more thoroughly remove impurity, raising raw material can utilize the rate of recovery, and ensure equipment even running, and improve the operating environment of pre-treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bioengineering and chemical field, and in particular, to a kind of pre-treating method of lignocellulosic.
Background technology
Lignocellulosic can be used for processing feed, alcohol fuel, biomass power generation, biogas, papermaking and edible mushroom etc.
Deng multiple use.
Lignocellulosic pre-treating method is mainly comminuting method.Crushing be solid material under external force, overcome cohesion
Power and be allowed to particle size reduction, the increased process of surface area.Crushing is that one kind makes bulk materials become piece material even powder
End, and produce the process on new surface.It can be divided into two stages, and bulk materials are fragmented into fritter is known as crushing, by fritter thing
The process that material is fragmented into fine powdered material is known as grinding.Corresponding machinery is referred to as crushing mechanism and grinding machine.
The crushing of lignocellulosic material is one of most important process in lignocellulosic material process.It is shadow
An important factor for ringing postorder quality of material, yield, power consumption and processing cost.Pulverizer power disposition accounts for lignocellulosic material and adds
The larger specific gravity that work enterprise general power is equipped with, thus it is the optimal process route of the advanced disintegrating apparatus of reasonable selection, design, correct
Using disintegrating apparatus, to lignocellulosic material, processing enterprise is most important.The stock number of lignocellulosic material is very abundant,
Purchase cost is more cheap, and small business is less to its dosage, thus cost of material control aspect want relative loose some, this
Have led to the hysteresis of lignocellulosic material disintegrating process flow research and development.
The collection storage of lignocellulosic material is to influence one of its widely applied restraining factors at present.Some wooden fibres
It can inevitably be influenced during the collection of the plain raw material of dimension be subject to factors such as territorial environments, cause the incorporation of impurity, influence raw material
Total quality, such as, stalk of the maize straw after northern plantation extensively, harvest corn has native stone during collection
Block, fine grained soil, or even the appearance of mechanical vulnerable part metal class impurity, can inevitably be got up as raw material collection storage together.This
Puzzlement just is caused to the processing and utilization of postorder lignocellulosic material, according to the purposes of raw material and the mixed proportion of impurity, is needed
Different processing methods is taken, the adverse effect that impurity utilizes postorder is mitigated or eliminated.During the collection of maize straw
The ratio of impurity about 20%, mainly soil rock (more than 90% granularity is in below 30mm), (granularity is less than fine grained soil
10mm) and metal.
The conventional circuit grinding of lignocellulosic material is relatively simple at present, directly using the crushing of thick level or multi-stage crushing
Raw material granularity is set to reach the index of requirement, crushing process is more rough, and some is even not provided with exclusion device, sets exclusion device
Also simply impurity simple collection is post-processed, containing more using component (lignocellulosic material) in impurity, in addition,
Protection of the conventional crushing process to working environment is not in place, and operating condition is poor, and worker is susceptible to suffer from dust-like occupational disease.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pre-treating method of lignocellulosic, this method can be removed more thoroughly
Impurity, raising raw material can utilize the rate of recovery, and ensure equipment even running, and improve the operating environment of pre-treatment.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides a kind of pre-treating method of lignocellulosic, and this method includes following
Step：
1) lignocellulosic material is subjected to the first removal of impurities, to remove part metals；
2) lignocellulosic material after removing part metals is carried out first to crush so that obtained lignocellulosic is former
The granularity of material be 100-150mm ratio more than 80%, granularity less than 5mm powder proportions be not more than 12%；
3) by step 2) first crush after lignocellulosic material carry out second removal of impurities, with further remove metal and
Nonmetallic inclusion；
4) the further lignocellulosic material for removing metal and nonmetallic inclusion obtained in step 3) is carried out second
Crush so that the granularity of obtained lignocellulosic material is the ratio of 10-50mm more than 90%.
Preferably, this method further includes the material impurity collected in first removal of impurities and the second removal of impurities, and miscellaneous to material
Lignocellulosic material in matter is recycled.
Preferably, this method is further included carries out dedusting to the described first crushing and the second crushing process, and separates dedusting and obtain
To dedusting impurity in lignocellulosic material.
Through the above technical solutions, the present invention is crushed and is combined by the removal of impurities of two steps and two steps, and broken degree is adjusted,
Realize the efficiency crushing to lignocellulosic material, the rate of recovery can be utilized by improving raw material, reduce the impurity content in finished product,
Ensure that equipment continuously runs well, be highly suitable for the processing of heavy industrialization lignocellulosic material.
Specifically, first the removal of impurities of progress first before is crushed, can be by the iron nail in raw material, iron filings and other iron impurities
Cleaning removes in advance, reduces the damage to the first disintegrating apparatus, reduces the cost of plant maintenance, effectively ensured equipment
Safety normal operation.The second removal of impurities is carried out after being crushed first, can by remaining stone in raw material after crushing, soil block and
Remaining iron impurities are efficiently sieved to leave away and removed.So as to, the present invention can improve material using the rate of recovery, reduce after crushing
Impurity ratio in material, equipment can continuously run well for a long time, and can be effectively improved working environment.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Brief description of the drawings
Attached drawing is for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and a part for constitution instruction, with following tool
Body embodiment is used to explain the present invention together, but is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the pre-treating method of lignocellulosic in a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.It is it should be appreciated that described herein specific
Embodiment is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention.
The endpoint of disclosed scope and any value are not limited to the accurate scope or value herein, these scopes or
Value should be understood to comprising the value close to these scopes or value.For number range, between the endpoint value of each scope, respectively
It can be combined with each other between the endpoint value of a scope and single point value, and individually between point value and obtain one or more
New number range, these number ranges should be considered as specific open herein.
A kind of pre-treating method of lignocellulosic provided by the invention, this method comprise the following steps：
1) lignocellulosic material is subjected to the first removal of impurities, to remove part metals；
2) lignocellulosic material after removing part metals is carried out first to crush so that obtained lignocellulosic is former
The granularity of material be 100-150mm ratio more than 80%, granularity less than 5mm powder proportions be not more than 12%；
3) by step 2) first crush after lignocellulosic material carry out second removal of impurities, with further remove metal and
Nonmetallic inclusion；
4) the further lignocellulosic material for removing metal and nonmetallic inclusion obtained in step 3) is carried out second
Crush so that the granularity of obtained lignocellulosic material is the ratio of 10-50mm more than 90%.
In the present invention, lignocellulosic material can be the wood used in production feed, alcohol fuel, biomass power generation
Matter cellulosic material, is specifically as follows maize straw, straw, reed, cotton stalk, rape straw, kaoliang stalk, bagasse and rice straw etc.
Deng, be preferably maize straw, straw and reed in one or more.
According to the present invention, the mode of first removal of impurities can be able to be selected from the first sieve according to this area conventional selection
Divide, roll-type cleans, the one or more in the first electromagnetism iron removaling.Preferably, by the first screening and the first electromagnetism iron removaling to wood
Matter cellulosic material carries out first removal of impurities.Specifically, first screening is used to remove the stone in lignocellulosic material
The impurity of block, soil block, metal etc.；The first electromagnetism iron removaling is used to remove metal impurities.
In the case of further preferably, first removal of impurities is carried out by vibrating screen and electric magnetic iron remover.The vibrating screen
It can be carried out with setting for the electric magnetic iron remover using the condition of this area routine.The first specific condition of removal of impurities can wrap
Include：The screen-aperture of vibrating screen is 20-50mm, and vibration frequency is 20-50 times/min, and the condition of the first electromagnetism iron removaling includes：Magnetic
Field intensity is 700-1600Oe；Preferably：The screen-aperture of vibrating screen is 25-45mm, and vibration frequency is 25-45 times/min, the
The condition of one electromagnetism iron removaling includes：Magnetic field intensity is 900-1500Oe.By the first removal of impurities, lignocellulosic material can be removed
In more than 60% material impurity.
According to the present invention, first crushing is used for preliminary crushing lignocellulosic material, it can use this area normal
The means of rule carry out.Such as the mode of first crushing is in blade type crushing and/or hammer type crushing, is preferably hammered into shape
Chip crushes.Described first condition crushed can be according to the appropriate selection of the needs of crushing so that obtained lignocellulosic
The granularity of raw material be 100-150mm ratio more than 80%, granularity less than 5mm powder proportions be not more than 12%.Tool
Body, the described first condition crushed can include：Grinding time is 0.1-1.0 seconds.
According to the present invention, the mode of second removal of impurities can be able to be selected from the second sieve according to this area conventional selection
Divide, roll-type cleans, the one or more in the second electromagnetism iron removaling.To ensure the removal rate of impurity, metal impurities are further removed,
Ensure equipment safety operating, in the case of preferable, lignocellulosic material is carried out by roll-type removal of impurities and the second electromagnetism iron removaling
Second removal of impurities.Specifically, the roll-type removal of impurities is used to remove stone cleaning, soil block and part iron impurities etc., second electricity
Magnetic iron removaling is used to further remove metal impurities.Roll-type removal of impurities can use roll-type de-burring machine commonly used in the art into
OK, the second electromagnetism iron removaling can use electric magnetic iron remover commonly used in the art to carry out.Preferably, second removal of impurities
Condition include：The mesh aperture of roll-type removal of impurities is 5-50mm, magnetic field intensity 700-1600Oe；Preferably：Roll-type removal of impurities
Mesh aperture is 10-30mm, and the magnetic field intensity of the second electromagnetism iron removaling is 900-1500Oe.
According to the present invention, described second crush for further crushing lignocellulosic material, it can use this area
Conventional means carry out.Described second mode crushed can be selected from blade type crushing and/or hammer type crushing, be preferably knife
Chip crushes.Described second condition crushed can be according to the appropriate selection of needs of crushing, so as to get lignocellulosic it is former
The granularity of material be 10-50mm ratio more than 90%, granularity less than 5mm powder proportions be not more than 10%.Specifically,
Described second condition crushed can include：Grinding time is 0.1-1.0 seconds.
Raw material is cut into the raw material section that granule size differs in crushing process, and some is even fractured into powder, leads to
Crossing the first removal of impurities and the second removal of impurities ensures farthest to remove impurity, but is inevitably caused during this in raw material
The loss of fine particle or small block raw material, is separated together with impurity, causes raw material to utilize the reduction of the rate of recovery.This
In invention, material impurity refers to impurity (in general, the averag density isolated in first removal of impurities and the second dedoping step
More than 1g/cm3), wherein, the impurity isolated in the first dedoping step is known as first material impurity, in the second dedoping step
The impurity isolated is known as second material impurity.In order to further improve lignocellulosic material using the rate of recovery, the wood
The pre-treating method of matter cellulose further includes the material impurity collected in first removal of impurities and the second removal of impurities, and to material impurity
In lignocellulosic material recycled.
According to the present invention, the lignocellulosic material in separation of material impurity can use various sides commonly used in the art
Method, reaches separated effect.Preferably, the method recycled to the lignocellulosic material in material impurity include pair
The material impurity carries out the 3rd screening and/or selection by winnowing.Specifically, the screen-aperture of the 3rd screening is 10-20mm, described
The condition of selection by winnowing includes：Wind speed is 10-20m/s.
After the 3rd screening and selection by winnowing, lignocellulosic material is divided into miscellaneous, big section raw material and segment or particulate material eventually
Three parts, miscellaneous predominantly stone, soil great group impurity eventually, ratio more than 95%, the impurity rate of recovery of whole process 95% with
On, stacked eventually in miscellaneous Unified Set, transport operation place, carry out harmless treatment (generally filling)；(granularity is more than big section raw material
50mm and be not more than 100mm) collect after carry out second crush；Segment raw material (granularity 10mm-50mm) and particulate material (granularity
Less than 10mm) directly as the finished product of pre-treatment.
A preferred embodiment according to the present invention, by wooden in the 3rd screening and selection by winnowing separation of material impurity
Cellulosic material, it is specially by the 3rd screening by material impurity that it, which is operated, and component carries out selection by winnowing, selection by winnowing point again under obtained sieve
For the lightweight material separated out directly as the finished product of pre-treatment, the selection by winnowing weight that selection by winnowing is isolated is miscellaneous as miscellaneous carry out harmless treatment eventually
(generally filling).Wherein, component is crushed into first on sieve of the first material impurity by the 3rd screening, and described second
Component enters second and crushes on sieve of the material impurity by the 3rd screening.
In order to further improve lignocellulosic material using the rate of recovery, while reduce the dust content in environment,
Preferably, this method is further included carries out dedusting to the described first crushing and the second crushing process, and separates the dedusting that dedusting obtains
Lignocellulosic material in impurity.Here dedusting impurity be included in the smaller particle formed in crushing process raw material and
Dust etc..
According to the present invention, dedusting is carried out in being crushed by depression dust-removing system to the first crushing and second, and is sent into pulse
Deduster.It is logical that the depression dust-removing system includes wind turbine, pulse dust collector, separator, suction inlet (dust collection cover) and attached conveying
Road and conveying equipment.The operating condition of the depression dust-removing system includes：Pressure is -2000~-5000Pa.The pulse dust removal
The operating condition of device includes：Filtration velocity is 2-5m/min, pulse period 3-60s, is preferably 10-40s, and the material of filter bag is
Waterproof and oilproof Nomex, terylene needled felt, aramid fiber Nomex (Nomex nylon) Nomex, glass Nomex, the dual Woven glass cloth of latitude or Lay lead to
Nomex, preferably waterproof and oilproof Nomex, compressed air pressure 0.5-0.7MPa.
By means of the invention it is also possible to improve working environment, occupational disease probability of happening is reduced.By using pulse dust removal
Device dedusting, and the raw material in dedusting impurity can be recycled, the working environment of employee is obtained huge change
It is kind, also active ingredient in dust is recycled to greatest extent, substantially increase raw material using the rate of recovery.
Pre-treating method present invention also offers above-mentioned lignocellulosic is in processing maize straw, straw, reed, cotton
Application in bar, rape straw, kaoliang stalk, bagasse and rice straw in one or more.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples below.In following embodiments, the ratio of raw material granularity is logical
Cross and the statistical method of the raw material weight proportion in different length value range is measured；Vibrating screen is Zhaodong City's light industry and machinery
The LMSS series horizontal vibration conveyors of factory's production；Electric magnetic iron remover produces for boiler accessory machinery factory of Zhaodong City, model RCYB-5；
Roll-type de-burring machine for Weifang set sail machinery plant production；Pulse dust collector produces for Jiangsu Yu Gang mechanical equipments Manufacturing Co., Ltd,
Model YGWM types；Depression dust-removing system produces for Jiangsu Yu Gang mechanical equipments Manufacturing Co., Ltd；Gravity screening installation is wine
Seed Mechanology Inc. of spring city produces, model 5ZX-3.0 types；Beater disintegrating machine is Qufu City Tai Feng mechanical equipments Co., Ltd
Production, model TF50-50；Blade type crushes to be produced for Qufu City Tai Feng mechanical equipments Co., Ltd, model 800PC；Wind
It is that Deere ＆ Co. difficult to understand produces to select machine, model FX-2000.
In following embodiments, the lignocellulosic material used is maize straw.
Embodiment 1
1) as shown in Figure 1, lignocellulosic material is passed sequentially through the first removal of impurities of vibrating screen and electric magnetic iron remover progress, shake
The screen-aperture of dynamic sieve is 25mm, and vibration frequency is 25 times/min, and the magnetic field intensity of the first electromagnetism iron removaling is 900Oe.
2) lignocellulosic material after removing part metals is subjected to the first crushing with beater disintegrating machine, first crushes
Grinding time be 0.1 second, rotor speed be 300 turns/min, and the granularity of obtained lignocellulosic material is 100-150mm's
Ratio is 80.20%.
3) lignocellulosic material after in step 2) first is crushed is carried out by roll-type de-burring machine and electric magnetic iron remover
Second removal of impurities, the condition of the second removal of impurities include：The mesh aperture of roll-type removal of impurities is 10mm, and the magnetic field intensity of the second electromagnetism iron removaling is
1500Oe。
4) the further lignocellulosic material blade type for removing metal and nonmetallic inclusion that will be obtained in step 3)
Pulverizer carries out second and crushes, and the second grinding time crushed is 0.1 second, and rotor speed is 800 turns/min, obtained wooden fibre
The ratio that the granularity of the plain raw material of dimension is 10-50mm is 90.45%.
5) the first material impurity obtained in above-mentioned first removal of impurities is collected, the vibrating screen for being 20mm with aperture carries out the 3rd sieve
Point, and the lower component of sieve is subjected to selection by winnowing (wind speed 15m/s) by the use of winnowing machine and removes the miscellaneous rear finished product for being used as pre-treatment of selection by winnowing weight；Receive
The second material impurity obtained in the removal of impurities of collection second, the vibrating screen for being 20mm with aperture carries out the 3rd screening, and will sieve lower component
Selection by winnowing (wind speed 15m/s), which is carried out, by the use of winnowing machine removes the miscellaneous rear finished product as pre-treatment of selection by winnowing weight.
6) crushed using depression dust-removing system to above-mentioned first and the second crushing process carries out dedusting, and pass sequentially through pulse
Lignocellulosic material in deduster recycling dedusting impurity.The operating condition of depression dust-removing system includes：Pressure for-
2000Pa.The operating condition of pulse dust collector includes：Filtration velocity is 2m/min, and the material of filter bag is waterproof and oilproof Nomex,
Pulse period is 10s, compressed air pressure 0.5MPa.
By measure, it is 86.36% that lignocellulosic material, which can utilize the rate of recovery, and the impurity ratio in crushing rear material is
5.5%, the dust content in working environment is 10.52mg/m3, equipment can continuously run well 72h.
Embodiment 2
1) lignocellulosic material is passed sequentially through into vibrating screen and electric magnetic iron remover carries out the first removal of impurities, the sieve aperture of vibrating screen
Aperture is 35mm, and vibration frequency is 35 times/min, and the magnetic field intensity of the first electromagnetism iron removaling is 1200Oe.
2) lignocellulosic material after removing part metals is subjected to the first crushing with beater disintegrating machine, first crushes
Grinding time be 0.5 second, the ratio that the granularity of obtained lignocellulosic material is 100-150mm is 82.83%.
3) lignocellulosic material after in step 2) first is crushed passes sequentially through roll-type de-burring machine and electric magnetic iron remover
The second removal of impurities is carried out, the condition of the second removal of impurities includes：The mesh aperture of roll-type removal of impurities is 20mm, and the magnetic field of the second electromagnetism iron removaling is strong
Spend for 1200Oe.
4) the further lignocellulosic material blade type for removing metal and nonmetallic inclusion that will be obtained in step 3)
Pulverizer carries out second and crushes, and the second grinding time crushed is 0.5 second, and the granularity of obtained lignocellulosic material is 10-
The ratio of 50mm is 91.49%.
5) with 1 step 5 of embodiment.
6) crushed using depression dust-removing system to above-mentioned first and the second crushing process carries out dedusting, and pass through pulse dust removal
Lignocellulosic material in device recycling dedusting impurity.The operating condition of depression dust-removing system includes：Pressure is -3500pa.Arteries and veins
Rushing the operating condition of deduster includes：Filtration velocity is 3.5m/min, and the material of filter bag is waterproof and oilproof Nomex, the pulse period
For 25s, compressed air pressure 0.6MPa.
By measure, it is 89.90% that lignocellulosic material, which can utilize the rate of recovery, and the impurity ratio in crushing rear material is
4.8%, the dust content in working environment is 6.38mg/m3, equipment can continuously run well 72h.
Embodiment 3
1) lignocellulosic material is passed sequentially through into vibrating screen and electric magnetic iron remover carries out the first removal of impurities, the sieve aperture of vibrating screen
Aperture is 45mm, and vibration frequency is 45 times/min, and the magnetic field intensity of the first electromagnetism iron removaling is 1500Oe；
2) lignocellulosic material after removing part metals is subjected to the first crushing with beater disintegrating machine, first crushes
Grinding time be 1.0 seconds, the ratio that the granularity of obtained lignocellulosic material is 100-150mm is 85%.
3) lignocellulosic material after in step 2) first is crushed passes sequentially through roll-type de-burring machine and electric magnetic iron remover
The second removal of impurities is carried out, the condition of the second removal of impurities includes：The mesh aperture of roll-type removal of impurities is 30mm, and the magnetic field of the second electromagnetism iron removaling is strong
Spend for 900Oe.
4) the further lignocellulosic material blade type for removing metal and nonmetallic inclusion that will be obtained in step 3)
Pulverizer carries out second and crushes, and the second grinding time crushed is 1.0 seconds, and the granularity of obtained lignocellulosic material is 10-
The ratio of 50mm is 94%.
5) with 1 step 5 of embodiment.
6) crushed using depression dust-removing system to described first and the second crushing process carries out dedusting, and pass through pulse dust removal
Lignocellulosic material in device recycling dedusting impurity.The operating condition of depression dust-removing system includes：Pressure is -5000pa.Arteries and veins
Rushing the operating condition of deduster includes：Filtration velocity is 5m/min, and the material of filter bag is waterproof and oilproof Nomex, and the pulse period is
40s, compressed air pressure 0.7MPa.
By measure, it is 90% that lignocellulosic material, which can utilize the rate of recovery, and the impurity ratio in crushing rear material is
3.6%, the dust content in working environment is 3mg/m3, equipment can continuously run well 72h.
Embodiment 4
The pre-treatment of lignocellulosic material is carried out according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, without in step 5)
Operation.
By measure, it is 81.02% that lignocellulosic material, which can utilize the rate of recovery, and the impurity ratio in crushing rear material is
5.06%, the dust content in working environment is 8.96mg/m3。
Embodiment 5
The pre-treatment of lignocellulosic material is carried out according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, without in step 6)
Operation.
By measure, it is 80.80% that lignocellulosic material, which can utilize the rate of recovery, and the impurity ratio in crushing rear material is
5.65%, the dust content in working environment is 45.71mg/m3。
Comparative example 1
The pre-treatment of lignocellulosic material is carried out according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, without in the first removal of impurities
The first electromagnetism iron removaling operation.
By measure, it is 86.10% that lignocellulosic material, which can utilize the rate of recovery, and the impurity ratio in crushing rear material is
8.70%, equipment can continuously run well 8h.
Comparative example 2
The pre-treatment of lignocellulosic material is carried out according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, without in the second removal of impurities
The second electromagnetism iron removaling operation.
By measure, it is 86.45% that lignocellulosic material, which can utilize the rate of recovery, and the impurity ratio in crushing rear material is
7.51%, equipment can continuously run well 48h.
Comparative example 3
The pre-treatment of lignocellulosic material is carried out according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, grasped without the second removal of impurities
Make.
By measure, it is 77.65% that lignocellulosic material, which can utilize the rate of recovery, and the impurity ratio in crushing rear material is
5.76%, equipment can continuously run well 50h.
Comparative example 4
The pre-treatment of lignocellulosic material is carried out according to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, crush and grasp without first
Make.
Due to larger without the first lignocellulosic material granularity crushed, being directly entered in roll-type de-burring machine to cause
Equipment blocks, and operation conditions is bad, can not continuously run well.
Comparative example 5
Lignocellulosic material carries out removal of impurities processing first, removes stone and part ironware that particle diameter exceedes 5cm, removes
Big miscellaneous rear directly progress blade type crushing, the granularity that raw material crushes is regulated and controled by equipment knife number, directly as preceding after crushing
The finished product of processing.
By measure, it is 81.56% that lignocellulosic material, which can utilize the rate of recovery, and the impurity ratio in crushing rear material is
5.66%, the dust content in working environment is higher than 50mg/m3.Equipment can continuously run well 10h, the continuous work of equipment
Ability is far below the present invention.
By the contrast of above-described embodiment 1 and comparative example 1,2, in the case of only carrying out an electromagnetism iron removaling, crush
The impurity ratio in material significantly improves afterwards, and the continuous work ability of equipment is far below embodiment 1.Pass through above-described embodiment
1 and comparative example 3 contrast understand, without second remove miscellaneous operation in the case of, lignocellulosic material can utilize the rate of recovery drop
Low, pretreatment process causes very big waste.
Lignocellulosic material pre-treating method provided by the invention, by the control of each step condition, can improve wood
The treatment effeciency of matter cellulosic material, the rate of recovery can be utilized by improving lignocellulosic material, reduce the impurity in crushing rear material
Ratio, equipment can continuously run well for a long time, and effectively reduce the dust content in working environment.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Detail, in the range of the technology design of the present invention, a variety of simple variants can be carried out to technical scheme, this
A little simple variants belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It is further to note that each particular technique feature described in above-mentioned embodiment, in not lance
In the case of shield, can be combined by any suitable means, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can
The combination of energy no longer separately illustrates.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined randomly, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
The thought of invention, it should equally be considered as content disclosed in this invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of pre-treating method of lignocellulosic, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
1) lignocellulosic material is subjected to the first removal of impurities, to remove part metals；
2) lignocellulosic material after removing part metals is carried out first to crush so that obtained lignocellulosic material
Granularity be 100-150mm ratio more than 80%, granularity less than 5mm powder proportions be not more than 12%；
3) lignocellulosic material after in step 2) first is crushed carries out the second removal of impurities, further to remove metal and Fei Jin
Belong to impurity；
4) the further lignocellulosic material for removing metal and nonmetallic inclusion obtained in step 3) is subjected to the second crushing,
So that the granularity of obtained lignocellulosic material be 10-50mm ratio more than 90%.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, sieved by first and the first electromagnetism iron removaling is to lignocellulosic material
Carry out first removal of impurities；
Preferably, first removal of impurities is carried out by vibrating screen and electric magnetic iron remover；
It is highly preferred that the condition of first screening includes：The screen-aperture of vibrating screen is 20-50mm, vibration frequency 20-50
Secondary/min, the condition of the first electromagnetism iron removaling include：Magnetic field intensity is 700-1600Oe.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the described first mode crushed is crushed for blade type and/or hammer slice type
Crush.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, cleaned by roll-type and the second electromagnetism iron removaling is to lignocellulosic material
Carry out second removal of impurities；
Preferably, the condition of second removal of impurities includes：The mesh aperture of roll-type removal of impurities is 5-50mm, the magnetic of the second electromagnetism iron removaling
Field intensity is 700-1600Oe.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the described second mode crushed is crushed for blade type and/or hammer slice type
Crush.
6. according to the method described in any one in claim 1-5, wherein, this method further include collect first removal of impurities and
Material impurity in second removal of impurities, and the lignocellulosic material in material impurity is recycled.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, wherein, the method recycled to the lignocellulosic material in material impurity
Including carrying out the 3rd screening and/or selection by winnowing to the material impurity；
Preferably, the screen-aperture of the 3rd screening is 10-20mm, and the condition of the selection by winnowing includes：Wind speed is 10-20m/s.
8. according to the method described in any one in claim 1-7, wherein, this method is further included to be crushed and the to described first
Two crushing process carry out dedusting, and separate the lignocellulosic material in the dedusting impurity that dedusting obtains.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, wherein, crushed by depression dust-removing system to described first and second crushed
Cheng Jinhang dedustings, and it is sent into pulse dust collector.
10. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the lignocellulosic material is maize straw, straw, reed, cotton
It is one or more in bar, rape straw, kaoliang stalk, bagasse and rice straw.
11. the pre-treating method of the lignocellulosic described in claim 1-10 processing maize straw, straw, reed, cotton stalk,
Application in rape straw, kaoliang stalk, bagasse and rice straw in one or more.
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