CN107986775A - 一种钛酸锶钡厚膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种钛酸锶钡厚膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107986775A
CN107986775A CN201711371751.4A CN201711371751A CN107986775A CN 107986775 A CN107986775 A CN 107986775A CN 201711371751 A CN201711371751 A CN 201711371751A CN 107986775 A CN107986775 A CN 107986775A
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strontium titanate
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鲁圣国
代广周
姚英邦
陶涛
梁波
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种钛酸锶钡厚膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:A)将碳酸钡、碳酸锶、二氧化钛与溶剂混合,进行球磨,得到混合物;B)将所述混合物经过烘干、过筛、预烧结和二次球磨,得到钛酸锶钡粉体;C)将所述钛酸锶钡粉体、分散剂、粘结剂、增塑剂以及溶剂混合,得到浆料,将所述浆料流延成型,得到厚生坯膜;D)将所述厚生坯膜温等静压后烧结,得到钛酸锶钡厚膜。本发明以碳酸钡、碳酸锶和二氧化钛为原料,采用两次球磨两次烧结,并流延法制备得到钛酸锶钡厚膜,该钛酸锶钡厚膜厚度在55微米左右,晶粒较均匀,无气孔,具有良好的电卡效应。

Description

一种钛酸锶钡厚膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于材料技术领域,具体涉及一种钛酸锶钡厚膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
钛酸锶钡是一种铁电材料。该材料具有优越的介电、铁电性能,广泛应用于动态随机存储器、红外探测的辐射热测量器以及多层陶瓷电容器等器件中。钛酸锶钡还具有较高的热释电系数。由于电卡效应与热释电效应是一对可逆效应。那么,既然钛酸锶钡具有良好的热释电效应,同时就应该具有较高的电卡效应,即在绝热条件下对钛酸锶钡铁电材料施加电场,然后移去电场,其温度就会降低。此外,通过改变锶和钡的比例,可以把钛酸锶钡陶瓷的相转变温度调节到室温附近。同时,由于钛酸锶钡陶瓷不含Pb等重金属元素,对环境没有危害。因此,钛酸锶钡铁电材料有希望用来作为铁电制冷材料。
由于电介质材料击穿电场与其厚度成指数反比关系,故块体铁电材料难以承受较高的电场(一般小于10MV/m)进而难以获得大的电卡效应和储能密度;薄膜材料由于其良好的耐击穿能力,在高外电场下,可产生比较大的电卡效应,但是由于薄膜材料带有基片,在电卡器件的设计带来相当大的麻烦,且薄膜材料较小的厚度(≤2μm)导致其较小的体积,难以产生大的蓄热量。相比于陶瓷,厚膜的气孔、微裂纹等缺陷相对较少,极大地提高了击穿场强,同时克服了薄膜蓄热量小的缺点。因此,对厚膜材料电卡效应的研究成为我们研究的重点。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供一种钛酸锶钡厚膜及其制备方法,本发明提供的钛酸锶钡厚膜具有良好的电卡效应。
本发明提供了一种钛酸锶钡厚膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A)将碳酸钡、碳酸锶、二氧化钛与溶剂混合,进行球磨,得到混合物;
B)将所述混合物经过烘干、过筛、预烧结和二次球磨,得到钛酸锶钡粉体;
C)将所述钛酸锶钡粉体、分散剂、粘结剂、增塑剂以及溶剂混合,得到浆料,将所述浆料流延成型,得到厚生坯膜;
D)将所述厚生坯膜温等静压后烧结,得到钛酸锶钡厚膜。
优选的,所述钛酸锶钡粉体为Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3粉体。
优选的,步骤A)中,所述溶剂选自乙醇或去离子水。
优选的,所述预烧结的温度为1100~1200℃,时间为2~4h。
优选的,步骤C)中,所述分散剂选自聚乙二醇分散剂,所述粘结剂选自PVB,所述溶剂选自乙醇和丁酮的混合溶剂,所述增塑剂选自G200。
优选的,所述温等静压的温度为60℃;所述温等静压的压力为30MPa,所述温等静压的时间为5min。
优选的,所述烧结的温度为1250℃,时间为24h。
本发明还提供了一种上述制备方法制备得到的钛酸锶钡厚膜,厚度为55μm。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供了一种钛酸锶钡厚膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:A)将碳酸钡、碳酸锶、二氧化钛与溶剂混合,进行球磨,得到混合物;B)将所述混合物经过烘干、过筛、预烧结和球磨,得到钛酸锶钡粉体;C)将所述钛酸锶钡粉体、分散剂、粘结剂、增塑剂以及溶剂混合,得到浆料,将所述浆料流延成型,得到厚生坯膜;D)将所述厚生坯膜温等静压后烧结,得到钛酸锶钡厚膜。本发明以碳酸钡、碳酸锶和二氧化钛为原料,采用流延法制备得到钛酸锶钡厚膜,该钛酸锶钡厚膜厚度在55微米左右,晶粒较均匀,无气孔,具有良好的电卡效应和储能性能。
附图说明
图1为将浆料在流延机上进行流延的照片;
图2为钛酸锶钡厚膜的流延成型图;
图3为钛酸锶钡粉体的XRD图;
图4为钛酸锶钡厚膜的SEM图像;
图5为Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3厚膜在不同频率下的介电温谱;
图6为Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3厚膜在不同温度下的电滞回线图;
图7为Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3厚膜在不同电场作用下一定温度范围内的电卡效应。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种钛酸锶钡厚膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A)将碳酸钡、碳酸锶、二氧化钛与溶剂混合,进行球磨,得到混合物;
B)将所述混合物经过烘干、过筛、预烧结和二次球磨,得到钛酸锶钡粉体;
C)将所述钛酸锶钡粉体、分散剂、粘结剂、增塑剂以及溶剂混合,得到浆料,将所述浆料流延成型,得到厚生坯膜;
D)将所述厚生坯膜温等静压后烧结,得到钛酸锶钡厚膜。
本发明将碳酸钡、碳酸锶、二氧化钛与溶剂混合,进行球磨,得到混合物。
其中,本发明按照Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3的化学计量比称量碳酸钡、碳酸锶和二氧化钛。
接着,将称量好的碳酸钡、碳酸锶、二氧化钛与溶剂混合,所述溶剂优选为乙醇和去离子水,更优选为乙醇。
所述原料在球磨罐中进行混合,球磨材料选用锆球,球磨机优选为行星球磨机,球磨时间优选为12小时。
球磨结束后,得到混合物,将所述混合物在70℃干燥箱中烘干24h,得到干燥的混合物。
将所述干燥的混合物研磨后过筛,得到的混合物。其中,所述筛子尺寸为100目。
将所述混合物进行预烧结后,再次进行球磨,得到钛酸锶钡粉体。其中,所述预烧结的温度为1200℃,时间为3h。温度过低,会导致有杂相,温度过高,晶粒会过大。
烧结后,将烧结产物用X射线衍射仪观测是否合成钛酸锶钡相,以及是否有杂质。如果没有杂质,将烧结产物进行球磨,得到钛酸锶钡粉体。由于固相合成的粉体中粒度较大,且可能存在异常长大的晶粒,本次球磨的目的是降低粉体粒度且使粉体比较均匀。
所述球磨所用的球磨材料优选为锆球,球磨机优选为行星球磨机,球磨时间优选为24小时。
球磨结束后,得到钛酸锶钡粉体。粒径300~500nm。
将所述钛酸锶钡粉体、分散剂、粘结剂、增塑剂以及溶剂混合,得到浆料。
具体的,本发明浆料的制备分两步进行:
首先将所述钛酸锶钡粉体、分散剂、粘结剂和溶剂混合,得到混合浆料;
其中,所述分散剂选自聚乙二醇分散剂,所述溶剂选自乙醇和丁酮的混合溶剂,所述乙醇的体积浓度优选为99%,所述乙醇和丁酮的体积比为1:1。
将所述混合浆料、溶剂、增塑剂和粘结剂混合,得到浆料。
所述溶剂同上述混合步骤,所述粘结剂选自PVB,所述增塑剂选自G200。
在本发明中,上述两步混合步骤在滚磨机中进行。
接着,将所述浆料流延成型,得到厚生坯膜。所述厚生坯膜的厚度优选为55μm。
其中,流延方法为在粉料中加入粘结剂、溶剂等,经球磨、过滤后进行真空脱泡并把粘度控制在一定范围内。这种有粘性的浆料在恒定的压力下,通过浆料刮刀与涂有有机硅的以一定速度运行的膜带之间的缝隙而分布在膜带上,经烘干、切边,在流延机机尾把坯带与膜带进行分离(或不分离),分别卷绕得到生坯带的方法。
参见图1和图2,图1为将浆料在流延机上进行流延的照片,图2为钛酸锶钡厚膜的流延成型图。
将得到的厚生坯膜进行温等静压后烧结,得到钛酸锶钡厚膜。
其中,所述温等静压的温度为60℃;所述温等静压的压力为30MPa,所述温等静压的时间为5min。
所述烧结的温度为1250℃,时间为24h。烧结温度太高会导致晶粒过大,温度太低会导致膜不致密,为了得到致密的,晶粒较小的厚膜,在较低的烧结温度下延长保温时间。
本发明还提供了一种采用上述制备方法制备得到的钛酸锶钡厚膜,该钛酸锶钡厚膜的厚度为55微米,晶粒较均匀,无气孔,具有良好的电卡效应。
本发明以碳酸钡、碳酸锶和二氧化钛为原料,采用两次球磨两次烧结,并流延法制备得到钛酸锶钡厚膜,该钛酸锶钡厚膜厚度在55微米左右,晶粒较均匀,无气孔,具有良好的电卡效应。
为了进一步理解本发明,下面结合实施例对本发明提供的钛酸锶钡厚膜及其制备方法进行说明,本发明的保护范围不受以下实施例的限制。
实施例1
1)分别称量碳酸钡(BaCO3,阿拉丁,纯度0.99)27.9774g、碳酸锶(SrCO3,阿拉丁,纯度0.99)8.9473g、二氧化钛(TiO3,阿拉丁,纯度0.99)16.1354g置于球磨罐中,加入220ml酒精和锆球,在行星球磨机上球磨混合12h,然后在70℃干燥箱中烘干24h,研磨,过筛。
2)将过筛后的混合粉体装入氧化铝坩埚中,放入箱式炉中,1200℃下煅烧3h,用X射线衍射仪分析,合成钛酸锶钡粉体,无杂相。结果见图3,图3为钛酸锶钡粉体的XRD图。
3)将固相合成后的钛酸锶钡粉体再次进行球磨,粒径为300~500nm,接着加入110ml酒精和锆球,在行星球磨机上球磨24h,然后在70℃干燥箱中烘干24h,研磨,过筛。
4)流延之前需要制备浆料,制作浆料主要分两步进行,第一步将二次球磨后的100g粉体加入一40ml酒精和40ml丁酮以及5g聚乙二醇分散剂和8gPVB,在滚磨机上滚磨12h,以便粉体充分分散。第二步,往浆料里加入10ml的酒精和10ml丁酮以及2gPVB和4gG200,在滚磨机上滚磨24。将所制备的浆料在流延机上流延成型,制备出厚为55微米的生坯膜。
5)然后将生坯膜在60℃、30MPa条件下温等静压5min,紧接着在1250℃下烧结24h,得到致密的钛酸锶钡厚膜陶瓷。对上述钛酸锶钡厚膜进行扫描电镜分析,结果见图4,图4为钛酸锶钡厚膜的SEM图像,其中,钛酸锶钡厚膜烧结后的晶粒尺寸为2~10μm。
6)最后在厚膜陶瓷两面通过离子溅射形成金电极,并进行性能测试。
7)性能测试
利用阻抗分析仪和铁电电滞回线测试仪测量了厚膜陶瓷样品的介电性能和铁电性能。根据Maxwell关系估算了电卡效应。参见图5~7,图5为Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3厚膜在不同频率下的介电温谱;图6为Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3厚膜在不同温度下的电滞回线图;图7为Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3厚膜在不同电场作用下一定温度范围内的电卡效应。
具体方法为:利用这个公式计算电卡效应其中ρ为材料密度,C是比热容,画出最大极化强度P随温度T变化的曲线,对P(T)曲线拟合,在对得到的曲线求一阶微分可以得到的值。
结果表明,Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3厚膜陶瓷的电卡效应计算结果如图所示,ΔT值随温度和电场强度的变化而变化。随着温度的升高,ΔT先增加到最大值,随后逐渐减小,在居里温度附近时达到最大值;在相同温度下,ΔT随电场的增大而增大,在330K和30MV/m达到最大值,为3.43K,显示较大的电卡效应值。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种钛酸锶钡厚膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
A)将碳酸钡、碳酸锶、二氧化钛与溶剂混合,进行球磨,得到混合物;
B)将所述混合物经过烘干、过筛、预烧结和二次球磨,得到钛酸锶钡粉体;
C)将所述钛酸锶钡粉体、分散剂、粘结剂、增塑剂以及溶剂混合,得到浆料,将所述浆料流延成型,得到厚生坯膜;
D)将所述厚生坯膜温等静压后烧结,得到钛酸锶钡厚膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述钛酸锶钡粉体为Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3粉体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤A)中,所述溶剂选自乙醇或去离子水。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述预烧结的温度为1100~1200℃,时间为2~4h。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤C)中,所述分散剂选自聚乙二醇分散剂,所述粘结剂选自PVB,所述溶剂选自乙醇和丁酮的混合溶剂,所述增塑剂选自G200。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述温等静压的温度为60℃;所述温等静压的压力为30MPa,所述温等静压的时间为5min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述烧结的温度为1250℃,时间为24h。
8.一种如权利要求1~7任意一项所述的制备方法制备得到的钛酸锶钡厚膜,其特征在于,厚度为55μm。
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