CN107980219A - 像素传感模块及图像撷取装置 - Google Patents

像素传感模块及图像撷取装置 Download PDF

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CN107980219A
CN107980219A CN201780001398.2A CN201780001398A CN107980219A CN 107980219 A CN107980219 A CN 107980219A CN 201780001398 A CN201780001398 A CN 201780001398A CN 107980219 A CN107980219 A CN 107980219A
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赵维民
曾千鉴
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Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Huiding Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
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Abstract

本申请提供了一种像素传感模块,包括像素感光单元,于一受光面接受光照并输出一像素值,所述像素感光单元包括多个子像素感光组件,用来输出多个子像素值;以及整合单元,耦接于所述像素感光单元,用来根据所述多个子像素值,输出所述像素值;以及准直单元,具有多个开孔,其中所述多个开孔对准所述像素感光单元的所述区域,所述多个开孔于所述受光面的投影落在所述像素感光单元于所述受光面的一区域中。

Description

像素传感模块及图像撷取装置
技术领域
本申请涉及一种像素传感模块及图像撷取装置,尤其涉及一种提升光灵敏度的像素传感模块及图像撷取装置。
背景技术
互补式金氧半图像传感器(CMOS Image Sensor,CIS)已广泛的应用于具有摄影功能的电子装置以及数字摄影装置中。一般而言,图像传感器包括一像素传感阵列,像素传感阵列由排列成一阵列的多个像素传感单元所组成,像素传感单元包括如感光二极管(PhotoDiode)或感光晶体管(Photo Transistor)等感光组件以及转换电路,而像素传感单元的光灵敏度(Sensitivity)相关于/正比于感光组件的感光面积。以包含感光二极管的像素传感单元为例,感光二极管受光后将其所产生的电荷储存于感光二极管的电位阱(PotentialWell)中,并藉由由晶体管组成的转换电路,将感光二极管所产生的电荷转换成电位信号,该电位信号即为对应于该像素传感单元的像素值,而像素传感单元的光灵敏度相关于感光二极管于电路布局(Layout)或于受光面中的面积。
为了使图像传感器具有特定的感光效果,像素传感单元需具有特定的感光面积。现有技术中,每一像素传感单元仅包含单一感光组件,换句话说,像素传感单元中唯一的感光组件需达到像素传感单元所需的感光面积,然而,对大面积的感光组件来说,其(电位阱)中的电荷不容易完全地被转换电路汲取出来,造成感光组件中留下残留电荷,并造成数字摄影装置产生不必要残影。另外,图像传感器一般具有准直器(Collimator),用来将光线投射至像素传感单元。然而,像素传感单元与准直器之间并非完美地对齐,而导致光路之间存在有互扰(Crosstalk)的问题。
因此,现有技术实有改进的必要。
发明内容
因此,本申请部分实施例的目的即在于提供一种像素传感模块及图像撷取装置,以改善现有技术的缺点。
为了解决上述技术问题,本申请实施例提供了一种像素传感模块,包括像素感光单元,于一受光面接受光照并输出一像素值,所述像素感光单元包括多个子像素感光组件,用来输出多个子像素值;以及整合单元,耦接于所述像素感光单元,用来根据所述多个子像素值,输出所述像素值;以及准直单元,具有多个开孔,其中所述多个开孔对准所述像素感光单元的所述区域,所述多个开孔于所述受光面的投影落在所述像素感光单元于所述受光面的一区域中。
例如,所述多个开孔中一第一开孔对准所述多个子像素感光组件中至少一第一子像素感光组件。
例如,所述多个子像素感光组件包括多个感光区以及多个非感光区,所述第一开孔于所述受光面的投影仅与所述至少一第一子像素感光组件的至少一感光区重合。
例如,所述多个子像素感光组件包括感光二极管。
例如,所述整合单元对所述多个子像素值进行一平均运算,以输出所述像素值为所述多个子像素值的一平均值。
例如,所述整合单元对所述多个子像素值进行一相加运算,以输出所述像素值为所述多个子像素值的一相加结果。
例如,所述整合单元输出所述像素值为所述多个子像素值中一子像素值。
本申请实施例提供了一种图像撷取装置包括多个像素传感模块,排列成阵列,其中每一像素传感模块包括像素感光单元,于一受光面接受光照并输出一像素值,所述像素感光单元于所述受光面具有一区域,所述像素感光单元包括多个子像素感光组件,用来输出多个子像素值;以及整合单元,耦接于所述像素感光单元,用来根据所述多个子像素值,输出所述像素值;准直单元,具有多个开孔,其中所述多个开孔对准所述像素感光单元的所述区域,所述多个开孔于所述受光面的投影落在所述区域中。
本申请利用将具有多个开孔的准直单元对准像素感光单元的于受光面的区域,以排除光路之间互扰的问题,同时达到最大进光量;利用像素感光单元中多个子像素感光组件,提升汲取光电子的能力。更进一步地,本申请透过适当摆放子像素感光组件,使得开孔于受光面的投影(即透光区)仅与子像素感光组件的感光区重合,而不与多个子像素感光组件的非感光区重合,以达到更佳的光灵敏度。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例一图像撷取装置的示意图;
图2为本申请实施例一像素传感模块的侧视示意图;
图3为本申请实施例一像素感光单元的俯视示意图;
图4为本申请实施例一子像素感光组件的俯视示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请,并不用于限定本申请。
请参考图1至图3,图1为本申请实施例一图像撷取装置10的示意图,图2为本申请实施例一像素传感模块PXM的侧视示意图,图3为本申请实施例一像素感光单元PX的俯视示意图。图像撷取装置10可为互补式金氧半图像传感器(CMOS Image Sensor,CIS),其可应用于光学指纹检测或是摄像头等需要撷取图像的装置。如图1所示,图像撷取装置10包括多个像素传感模块PXM,多个像素传感模块PXM排列成一阵列,多个像素传感模块PXM输出对应于一图像的多个像素值VP,以供后端电路或装置进行影像相关处理或运算。
如图2及图3所示,像素传感模块PXM包括像素感光单元PX以及准直单元(Collimator)CM,每一像素感光单元PX于一受光面P1接受光照,而将其因光照所产生的光电子汲取出来,并输出其对应于该像素感光单元PX的像素值VP。然而,对具有较大感光面积的像素感光组件来说,储存于像素感光组件的光电子不容易被汲取出来,而造成感光组件中留下残留电荷,导致图像撷取装置产生不必要残影。为了解决残留光电子的问题,可将具有大感光面积的像素感光组件切割成多个具有较小感光面积的子像素感光组件,使得光电子较容易被汲取出来。
具体来说,像素感光单元PX包括多个子像素感光组件SPX以及一整合单元20。其中,若像素感光单元PX需具有一感光面积以达到特定光灵敏度,则多个子像素感光组件SPX所对应多个子感光面积的总和可大致为该感光面积。子像素感光组件SPX可包含感光二极管(Photo Diode),其可输出其所对应的子像素值SVP。整合单元20耦接于多个子像素感光组件SPX,以接收对应于多个子像素感光组件SPX的多个子像素值SVP,整合单元20用来整合多个子像素值SVP而成为像素值VP,换句话说,整合单元20可根据对应于多个子像素感光组件SPX的多个子像素值SVP,输出单一像素值VP。
以图3所绘示的像素感光单元PX为例,像素感光单元PX包括16个子像素感光组件SPX,该16个子像素感光组件SPX皆位于受光面P1的一区域ZN中且排列成一4×4阵列,该16个子像素感光组件SPX分别输出16个子像素值SVP至整合单元20,整合单元20根据该16个子像素值SVP,输出单一像素值VP。
另一方面,准直单元CM可包括透镜LN以及多个开孔H,开孔H位于准直单元CM底部的透光处。透镜LN及开孔H皆可让图像撷取装置10外的光线穿透过准直单元CM而照射在像素感光单元PX上,换句话说,准直单元CM的多个开孔H对准像素感光单元PX,即准直单元CM的多个开孔H于像素感光单元PX所在平面(即像素感光单元PX的受光面)上的投影完全落在单一像素感光单元PX于受光面P1所在的区域ZN中,换句话说,穿透过准直单元CM的光线仅会照射在像素感光单元PX,而不会照射到邻近的像素感光单元,藉此排除光路之间互扰(Crosstalk)的问题,同时达到最大的进光量,其中,开孔H于受光面上P1的投影即为称之为透光区HP。举例来说,于图3中,16个子像素感光组件SPX上绘示有4个透光区HP,也就是说,于此实施例中,准直单元CM包括4个开孔H,每个开孔H对准4个子像素感光组件SPX,而对应每个开孔H于受光面P1的投影(即透光区HP)落在像素感光单元PX的区域ZN中。另外,穿透过准直单元CM的光线虽然会照射到像素感光单元PX中多个子像素感光组件SPX,但因多个子像素感光组件SPX所输出的多个子像素值SVP皆相关于对应像素感光单元PX的单一像素值VP,代表穿透过准直单元CM的光线不会对邻近像素感光单元造成互扰,也因此可排除光路户扰的问题。
更进一步地,请参考图4,图4为本申请实施例子像素感光组件SPX的(俯视)布局示意图。子像素感光组件SPX可包含一感光区LSA、一传输闸TX以及一浮动节点(FloatingNode)FD。感光区LSA接受光照并产生光电子,传输闸TX用来施加一信号STX以将储存于感光区LSA的光电子汲取至浮动节点FD,而子像素值SVP相关于子像素感光组件SPX中浮动节点FD光电子的数量。
因感光区LSA接受光照而其所在区域与子像素感光组件SPX的光灵敏度有关,而传输闸TX及浮动节点FD不需接受光照而其所在的区域与子像素感光组件SPX的光灵敏度无关,因此传输闸TX及浮动节点FD于受光面P1的区域可视为子像素感光组件SPX的非感光区。在此情形下,为了增加像素感光单元PX的光灵敏度,可调整像素感光单元PX中多个子像素感光组件SPX的摆放位置,使得透光区HP(即开孔H于像素感光单元PX受光面P1上的投影)仅与多个子像素感光组件SPX的感光区LSA重合,而透光区HP不与多个子像素感光组件SPX的非感光区重合。如此一来,像素感光单元PX可具有更佳的光灵敏度。
另外,整合单元20用来整合多个子像素值SVP而成为像素值VP的方式并未有所限。于一实施例中,整合单元20可对多个子像素值SVP进行一平均运算,以输出像素值VP为多个子像素值SVP的一平均值。于一实施例中,整合单元20可对多个子像素值SVP进行一相加运算,以输出像素值VP为多个子像素值SVP的一相加结果。于一实施例中,整合单元20可自多个子像素值SVP中选取其中一个子像素值SVP当做是像素值VP,而输出像素值VP为该子像素值SVP。
需注意的是,前述实施例用以说明本发明的概念,本领域具通常知识者当可据以做不同修饰,而不限于此。举例来说,本申请像素感光单元中的子像素感光组件不限于排列成4×4阵列,像素感光单元也不限于包括16个子像素感光组件,像素感光单元中的可视实际需要排列成不同形式,而不限于此。
综上所述,本申请利用将具有多个开孔的准直单元对准每一像素感光单元于受光面的区域,以排除光路之间互扰的问题,同时达到最大进光量;利用像素感光单元中多个子像素感光组件,提升汲取光电子的能力。更进一步地,本申请透过适当摆放子像素感光组件,使得开孔于受光面的投影(即透光区)仅与子像素感光组件的感光区重合,而不与多个子像素感光组件的非感光区重合,以达到更佳的光灵敏度。
以上所述仅为本申请的部分实施例而已,并不用以限制本申请,凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种像素传感模块,其特征在于,包括:
像素感光单元,于一受光面接受光照并输出一像素值,所述像素感光单元包括:
多个子像素感光组件,用来输出多个子像素值;以及
整合单元,耦接于所述像素感光单元,用来根据所述多个子像素值,输出所述像素值;以及
准直单元,具有多个开孔,其中所述多个开孔对准所述像素感光单元的所述区域,所述多个开孔于所述受光面的投影落在所述像素感光单元于所述受光面的一区域中。
2.如权利要求1所述的像素传感模块,其特征在于,所述多个开孔中一第一开孔对准所述多个子像素感光组件中至少一第一子像素感光组件。
3.如权利要求2所述的像素传感模块,其特征在于,所述多个子像素感光组件包括多个感光区以及多个非感光区,所述第一开孔于所述受光面的投影仅与所述至少一第一子像素感光组件的至少一感光区重合。
4.如权利要求1所述的像素传感模块,其特征在于,所述多个子像素感光组件包括感光二极管。
5.如权利要求1所述的像素传感模块,其特征在于,所述整合单元对所述多个子像素值进行一平均运算,以输出所述像素值为所述多个子像素值的一平均值。
6.如权利要求1所述的像素传感模块,其特征在于,所述整合单元对所述多个子像素值进行一相加运算,以输出所述像素值为所述多个子像素值的一相加结果。
7.如权利要求1所述的像素传感模块,其特征在于,所述整合单元输出所述像素值为所述多个子像素值中一子像素值。
8.一种图像撷取装置,其特征在于,包括:
多个像素传感模块,排列成阵列,其中每一像素传感模块为权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的像素传感模块。
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