CN107975071B - Safety device for pit - Google Patents
Safety device for pit Download PDFInfo
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- CN107975071B CN107975071B CN201810027673.4A CN201810027673A CN107975071B CN 107975071 B CN107975071 B CN 107975071B CN 201810027673 A CN201810027673 A CN 201810027673A CN 107975071 B CN107975071 B CN 107975071B
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000003443 Unconsciousness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010291 electrical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/127—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor with devices for impeding fall or injuries of persons
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明的一种安全窖井装置涉及一种防护装置,具体涉及一种窖井配套的防坠落装置,目的是为了克服行人落入窖井中他人无法发现或无法及时救援的问题,提供了一种安全窖井装置,包括井盖、控制器、升降装置、升降装置驱动电机、两条导轨、感应装置和承重载板,井盖用于将窖井的井口封闭;两条导轨相对设置在窖井的侧壁上;承重载板以一侧翻板成水平的方式与窖井的侧壁连接;在承重载板翻板成水平的状态下,承重载板通过其一组相对的侧边上的缺口扣合在两条导轨上,且能够沿导轨做升降运动;感应装置通过固定架设置在窖井的侧壁上且位于窖井的井口处;本发明能够及时感应坠落的人体,并在人体掉落承重载板上后将人体送出窖井外。
A safety cellar well device of the present invention relates to a protective device, in particular to an anti-falling device for a cellar well. The safety pit device includes a well cover, a controller, a lifting device, a driving motor for the lifting device, two guide rails, an induction device and a load-bearing plate. The well cover is used to close the well head of the pit; On the wall; the load-bearing plate is connected to the side wall of the cellar well in such a way that one side of the flap is horizontal; when the load-bearing plate is turned horizontally, the load-bearing plate passes through a set of notches on the opposite sides. It is combined on two guide rails, and can move up and down along the guide rails; the sensing device is arranged on the side wall of the cellar well through the fixing frame and is located at the wellhead of the cellar well; The human body is sent out of the cellar well after the load-bearing plate.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种防护装置,具体涉及一种窖井配套的防坠落装置。The invention relates to a protection device, in particular to a falling prevention device matched with a cellar well.
背景技术Background technique
窖井为了保障安全通常配备有井盖,井盖一旦丢失,在没有其他防护措施的情况下,轻则会令骑车的行人绊倒摔伤,或行驶中车辆的车轮陷入,重则会令行人掉入窖井中,坠落井底昏迷或溺水,即使清醒时呼救可能也无法传出窖井从而令他人无法发现或及时救援,最终对人身造成伤害甚至导致人死亡。Cellar wells are usually equipped with a manhole cover to ensure safety. Once the manhole cover is lost, without other protective measures, it will cause pedestrians to stumble and fall, or the wheels of a moving vehicle will be trapped. Into the cellar well, fall to the bottom of the well and become unconscious or drown. Even if you call for help when you are awake, you may not be able to send out the cellar well, so that others cannot find or rescue in time, and eventually cause personal injury or even death.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了克服人员落入窖井中他人无法发现或无法及时救援的问题,提供了一种用于窖井的安全装置。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a safety device for a pit in order to overcome the problem that people fall into the pit and cannot be found or rescued in time by others.
本发明的一种用于窖井的安全装置,包括井盖,还包括控制器、升降装置、升降装置驱动电机、两条导轨、感应装置和承重载板,A safety device for cellar wells of the present invention includes a well cover, a controller, a lifting device, a driving motor for the lifting device, two guide rails, an induction device and a load-bearing plate,
井盖用于将窖井的井口封闭;两条导轨相对设置在窖井的侧壁上;The well cover is used to close the wellhead of the pit; two guide rails are arranged on the side wall of the pit;
承重载板以一侧翻板成水平的方式与窖井的侧壁连接;在承重载板翻板成水平的状态下,承重载板通过其一组相对的侧边上的缺口扣合在两条导轨上,且能够沿导轨做升降运动;The load-bearing plate is connected to the side wall of the cellar well in such a way that one side of the flap is horizontal; when the load-bearing plate is turned horizontally, the load-bearing plate is buckled on the two sides through a set of gaps on the opposite sides. on the guide rail, and can move up and down along the guide rail;
感应装置通过固定架设置在窖井的侧壁上且位于窖井的井口处;感应装置用于感应人体坠落窖井,感应装置的信号输出端与控制器的感应信号输入端连接;控制器的电机驱动控制信号输出端与升降装置驱动电机的驱动控制信号输入端连接;所述升降装置驱动电机用于驱动升降装置沿导轨做升降运动。The induction device is arranged on the side wall of the cellar well through the fixing frame and is located at the wellhead of the cellar well; the induction device is used to sense the human body falling into the cellar well, and the signal output end of the induction device is connected with the induction signal input end of the controller; The motor driving control signal output terminal is connected with the driving control signal input terminal of the driving motor of the lifting device; the driving motor of the lifting device is used to drive the lifting device to move up and down along the guide rail.
本发明主要应用于窖井井盖被移走窖井井口暴露,此时有人坠落,感应装置感应人员坠落即刻向控制器发送感应信号,控制器控制实现承重载板翻板成平板接住坠落人员;The present invention is mainly applied to the well cover of the cellar being removed and the well head of the cellar is exposed. At this time, someone falls, and the sensing device senses that the person falls and immediately sends a sensing signal to the controller, and the controller controls the load-bearing plate to turn the plate into a flat plate to catch the fallen person;
然后,控制器控制升降装置将承重载板举升,将坠落人员送出窖井;Then, the controller controls the lifting device to lift the load-bearing plate and send the fallen person out of the cellar;
本发明中,承重载板与窖井侧壁可以采用多种连接方式,只要在发生坠落时快速将承重载板翻平即可。因此可以应用电磁方式、挂钩等方式实现。In the present invention, the load-bearing plate and the side wall of the cellar well can be connected in various ways, as long as the load-bearing plate is quickly leveled when a fall occurs. Therefore, electromagnetic methods, hooks and other methods can be used to realize.
在日常,承重载板可以侧立在井中也可以直接平铺在井中,直接平铺的方式在维护人员进出时只需要在上方开启即可,相比于侧立的方式安全性更高。In daily life, the load-bearing plate can be placed sideways in the well or directly laid flat in the well. The way of direct laying only needs to be opened at the top when maintenance personnel enter and exit, which is safer than the way of standing sideways.
本发明的有益效果是:能够及时感应坠落的人体,并在人体掉落承载板后上升,将人体送出窖井外,从而令他人发现并及时救援,降低了90%以上的坠落窖井对人身造成伤害甚至死亡的风险。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: it can sense the falling human body in time, and rise up after the human body falls off the bearing plate, and send the human body out of the cellar well, so that others can find and rescue them in time, reducing the impact on the human body caused by the falling cellar well by more than 90%. Risk of injury or even death.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的一种用于窖井的安全装置的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of safety device that is used for cellar well of the present invention;
图2为图1中A处局部放大图;Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of A in Figure 1;
图3为本发明的一种用于窖井的安全装置的电路模块结构示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit module of a safety device for pits according to the present invention;
图4为本发明的具体实施方式二中的一种用于窖井的安全装置结构示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a safety device for a cellar in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图5为图4中B处局部放大图;Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of place B in Fig. 4;
图6为本发明的一种用于窖井的安全装置的感应装置上方俯视图;Fig. 6 is a top plan view of an induction device for a safety device of the present invention;
图7为本发明的一种用于窖井的安全装置的承重载板上方俯视图。Fig. 7 is a plan view above the load-bearing plate of a safety device for pits according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
具体实施方式一Specific implementation mode one
本发明的一种用于窖井的安全装置,它包括井盖、控制器1、升降装置2、升降装置驱动电机3、两条导轨4、感应装置5和承重载板6。A safety device for cellar wells of the present invention includes a well cover, a controller 1, a lifting device 2, a driving motor 3 for the lifting device, two guide rails 4, an induction device 5 and a load-bearing plate 6.
井盖用于将窖井的井口封闭;两条导轨4相对设置在窖井的侧壁上;The well cover is used to close the wellhead of the pit; two guide rails 4 are relatively arranged on the side wall of the pit;
承重载板6以一侧翻板成水平的方式与窖井的侧壁连接;在承重载板6翻板成水平的状态下,承重载板6通过其一组相对的侧边上的缺口扣合在两条导轨4上,且能够沿导轨4做升降运动;The load-bearing plate 6 is connected to the side wall of the cellar well in such a way that one side of the flap is horizontal; in the state where the load-bearing plate 6 is turned horizontally, the load-bearing plate 6 passes through a set of notches on the opposite sides. Combined on the two guide rails 4, and can move up and down along the guide rails 4;
承重载板6的一侧设有转轴、窖井的侧壁上设有对应的轴套,该轴套位于其中一根导轨4的两侧且轴套的上方开口,开口的设置能够在承重载板6上升后轻易脱离轴套。One side of the load-bearing plate 6 is provided with a rotating shaft, and the side wall of the cellar well is provided with a corresponding bushing. After the plate 6 rises, it is easy to break away from the axle sleeve.
感应装置5通过固定架7设置在窖井的侧壁上且位于窖井的井口处;感应装置5用于感应人体坠落窖井,感应装置5的信号输出端与控制器1的感应信号输入端连接;控制器1的电机驱动控制信号输出端与升降装置驱动电机3的驱动控制信号输入端连接;所述升降装置驱动电机3用于驱动升降装置2沿导轨做升降运动。Induction device 5 is arranged on the side wall of cellar well and is positioned at the wellhead place of cellar well by fixed frame 7; Connection; the motor drive control signal output end of the controller 1 is connected to the drive control signal input end of the lifting device driving motor 3; the lifting device driving motor 3 is used to drive the lifting device 2 to move up and down along the guide rail.
感应装置5包括感应板和感应器,感应板为板状且通过固定架7设于窖井的侧壁,感应器安装在感应板内,可以采用微波感应器,光电感应器等,其感应人体接近,并产生信号输出至控制器1,控制器1从而输出电机驱动信号,驱动升降装置驱动电机3运转。Induction device 5 comprises induction plate and inductor, and induction plate is plate-shaped and is arranged on the sidewall of cellar well by fixed frame 7, and inductor is installed in the induction plate, can adopt microwave inductor, photoelectric sensor etc., and its induction human body approach, and generate a signal output to the controller 1, and the controller 1 outputs a motor drive signal to drive the lifting device to drive the motor 3 to run.
具体实施方式二、本具体实施方式与具体实施方式一的区别在于,以一侧翻板成水平的方式与窖井的侧壁连接的承重载板6具体结构为,承重载板6侧边上的一点与铰链的一端连接;窖井的侧壁上安装有电磁继电器8,所述电磁继电器8用于吸附铰链的另一端;电磁继电器控制线圈的控制信号输入端与控制器1的继电器控制线圈的控制信号输出端连接。Embodiment 2. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the specific structure of the load-bearing plate 6 connected to the side wall of the cellar well is that the side wall of the load-bearing plate 6 is horizontal. One point of the hinge is connected with one end of the hinge; an electromagnetic relay 8 is installed on the side wall of the pit well, and the electromagnetic relay 8 is used to absorb the other end of the hinge; the control signal input end of the electromagnetic relay control coil is connected with the relay control coil of the controller 1 The control signal output terminal connection.
除了使用电磁继电器8的电气方式外,还可以采用机械联动的方式,如图4或图5所示,在固定架7的一侧通过连杆铰接有拐臂,该拐臂的中部与窖井的侧壁铰接,而承重载板6的上方通过弹性夹等方式固定在窖井的侧壁,当感应装置5受到外力下压时,固定架7带动拐臂,令拐臂推挤承重载板6使其脱离弹性夹,进而令承重载板6掉落。In addition to using the electrical method of the electromagnetic relay 8, a mechanical linkage method can also be used. As shown in Figure 4 or Figure 5, a crank arm is hinged on one side of the fixed frame 7 through a connecting rod, and the middle part of the crank arm is connected to the cellar well. The side wall of the shaft is hinged, and the top of the load-bearing plate 6 is fixed on the side wall of the cellar well by means of elastic clips. When the induction device 5 is pressed down by an external force, the fixed frame 7 drives the crank arm, so that the crank arm pushes the load-bearing plate. 6 Make it break away from the elastic clip, and then make the load-bearing plate 6 drop.
具体实施方式三、本具体实施方式三与具体实施方式一的区别在于,一对升降装置2分别安装于两条导轨4上、且能够沿导轨4做升降运动,升降装置2的一侧可以采用嵌入的方式安装在导轨4上,使其能够不脱离导轨4并且能够自由升降。Embodiment 3. The difference between Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 1 is that a pair of lifting devices 2 are respectively installed on two guide rails 4 and can move up and down along the guide rails 4. One side of the lifting device 2 can adopt It is installed on the guide rail 4 in an embedded manner, so that it can not break away from the guide rail 4 and can be lifted and lowered freely.
一对升降装置驱动电机3分别设于两条导轨4上,同侧的升降装置2固定于升降装置驱动电机3上方,即每个升降装置2下方都有一个升降装置驱动电机3,采用成对的升降装置2和升降装置驱动电机3能够减少单个电机的负担。A pair of lifting device driving motors 3 are respectively arranged on two guide rails 4, and the lifting device 2 on the same side is fixed above the lifting device driving motor 3, that is, there is a lifting device driving motor 3 under each lifting device 2. The lifting device 2 and the driving motor 3 of the lifting device can reduce the burden of a single motor.
具体实施方式四、本具体实施方式四与具体实施方式一或三的区别在于,导轨4内部设有齿条,升降装置驱动电机3通过减速器传动配合有主动齿轮、且主动齿轮与齿条啮合。Embodiment 4. The difference between Embodiment 4 and Embodiment 1 or 3 is that a rack is provided inside the guide rail 4, and the drive motor 3 of the lifting device is driven by a reducer to cooperate with a driving gear, and the driving gear is meshed with the rack .
升降装置驱动电机3带动主动齿轮旋转,主动齿轮将转动转化为齿条的上下平动,从而带动升降装置2上下移动。The driving motor 3 of the lifting device drives the driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear converts the rotation into the up and down translation of the rack, thereby driving the lifting device 2 to move up and down.
具体实施方式五、本具体实施方式五与具体实施方式四的区别在于,升降装置驱动电机3为步进电机。Embodiment 5. The difference between Embodiment 5 and Embodiment 4 is that the driving motor 3 of the lifting device is a stepping motor.
步进电机在非超载的情况下,转速和停止的位置只取决于脉冲信号的频率和脉冲数,而不受负载变化的影响,因此在掉落井内人体重量不确定的情况下,升降装置驱动电机3可以采用步进电机。When the stepper motor is not overloaded, the speed and stop position only depend on the frequency and number of pulses of the pulse signal, and are not affected by load changes. Therefore, when the weight of the human body in the falling well is uncertain, the lifting device drives Motor 3 can adopt stepper motor.
具体实施方式六、本具体实施方式六与具体实施方式一的区别在于,感应装置5的上表面透明,感应装置5的内部安装有照明灯。Embodiment 6. The difference between this Embodiment 6 and Embodiment 1 is that the upper surface of the sensing device 5 is transparent, and an illumination lamp is installed inside the sensing device 5 .
感应装置5内部的照明灯会发光,因此当窖井的井盖丢失时,照明灯的光会照到地表上方,进而能够让地面上的路人看到光亮,表明此处窖井丢失井盖,提醒路人绕行。The lighting lamp inside the induction device 5 can emit light, so when the well cover of the cellar well is lost, the light of the lighting lamp can shine on the top of the ground, and then passers-by on the ground can see the light, indicating that the well cover of the cellar well is lost here, reminding passers-by to go around. OK.
具体实施方式七、本具体实施方式七与具体实施方式一的区别在于,感应装置5设有多个上下贯通的透水孔。当井内存满水且水平面上升时,防止感应装置5受水浮力影响动作效果,因此在其上设置透水孔,令水透过感应装置5,不受浮力影响。Embodiment 7. The difference between Embodiment 7 and Embodiment 1 is that the sensing device 5 is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes penetrating up and down. When the well memory is full of water and the water level rises, the sensing device 5 is prevented from being affected by the buoyancy of the water, so a permeable hole is provided on it to allow water to pass through the sensing device 5 without being affected by the buoyancy.
具体实施方式八、本具体实施方式八与具体实施方式一的区别在于,承重载板6上设有多个上下贯通的透水孔。当井内存满水时,防止承重载板6受水浮力影响动作效果,因此在其上设置透水孔,令其水透过承重载板6,不受浮力影响。Embodiment 8. The difference between Embodiment 8 and Embodiment 1 is that the load-bearing plate 6 is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes penetrating up and down. When the well memory is full of water, prevent the load-bearing plate 6 from being affected by the buoyancy of the water, so a water-permeable hole is set on it to allow water to pass through the load-bearing plate 6 without being affected by buoyancy.
具体实施方式九、本具体实施方式八与具体实施方式一或八的区别在于,承重载板6的内部还设有缓冲装置,该缓冲装置可以为橡胶、充气垫、海绵或者弹簧组等,用于缓冲掉落承载板4上的人体,减少冲击力对人体本身造成的伤害。Embodiment 9. The difference between Embodiment 8 and Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 8 is that a buffer device is provided inside the load-bearing plate 6. The buffer device can be rubber, an inflatable cushion, a sponge or a spring group, etc. It is used to buffer the human body falling on the carrying plate 4, and reduce the damage caused by the impact force to the human body itself.
本发明的一种用于窖井的安全装置,其具体工作流程如下:A kind of safety device that is used for cellar well of the present invention, its specific working procedure is as follows:
本发明主要应用于窖井井盖被移走,窖井井口暴露,此时有人坠落,感应装置感应人员坠落即刻向控制器发送感应信号,控制器控制实现承重载板翻板成平板接住坠落人员;The invention is mainly applied to the well cover being removed and the wellhead of the well is exposed. At this time, someone falls, and the sensing device senses that the person falls and immediately sends a sensing signal to the controller, and the controller controls the load-bearing plate to turn the plate into a flat plate to catch the falling person. ;
然后,控制器控制升降装置将承重载板6举升,将坠落人员送出窖井;Then, the controller controls the lifting device to lift the load-bearing plate 6 and send the fallen person out of the pit;
此实施方式中,承重载板6与窖井侧壁可以采用多种连接方式,只要在发生坠落时快速将承重载板6翻平即可。因此可以应用电磁方式或挂钩等方式实现。In this embodiment, the load-bearing plate 6 and the side wall of the cellar can be connected in various ways, as long as the load-bearing plate 6 is quickly leveled when a fall occurs. Therefore, it can be realized by means of electromagnetic means or hooks.
在日常,承重载板6可以侧立在井中也可以直接平铺在井中,直接平铺的方式在维护人员进出时只需要在上方开启即可,相比于侧立的方式安全性更高。In daily life, the load-bearing plate 6 can be placed sideways in the well or can be directly laid flat in the well. The way of direct laying only needs to be opened at the top when the maintenance personnel enter and exit, which is safer than the way of standing sideways.
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CN108442407B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2023-10-27 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Vertical shaft anti-falling device |
CN109610604B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2021-03-16 | 南宁学院 | A kind of anti-falling object device for municipal sewage pipeline |
CN111962892A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-11-20 | 易佑华 | Protection device for power plant coal lifting hole |
CN112012244B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-11-12 | 胡林华 | Municipal administration protector |
CN114960762B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2023-12-12 | 京鑫建设集团有限公司 | Well ring construction anti-falling device |
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