CN107964622A - A kind of excavator ductile iron gear of high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of excavator ductile iron gear of high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107964622A CN107964622A CN201711209136.3A CN201711209136A CN107964622A CN 107964622 A CN107964622 A CN 107964622A CN 201711209136 A CN201711209136 A CN 201711209136A CN 107964622 A CN107964622 A CN 107964622A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
- C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/06—Use of materials; Use of treatments of toothed members or worms to affect their intrinsic material properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
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- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of excavator ductile iron gear of high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness and preparation method thereof, belong to magnesium iron technical field, ductile iron gear includes the chemical composition of following mass percentages：C:3.60~3.75%, Si:2.50~2.8%, Mn:0.1~0.20%, S：0.02~0.08%, P：0.01~0.05%, Cu:0.5~0.8%, Ni:0.25~0.35%, Mo:0.25~0.40%, Mg:0.045~0.06%, Re0.01~0.03%, Nb0.01~0.05%, surplus Fe；A kind of the present invention is intended to provide excavator ductile iron gear of high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness of scientific formulation, low manufacture cost and preparation method thereof；For excavator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ductile iron gear, and more specifically, more particularly to a kind of high-ductility high wear-resistant high intensity is high hard
The excavator ductile iron gear of degree.The method that the present invention also relates to prepare the ductile iron gear.
Background technology
With the continuous progress of science and technology, the performance requirement of product is also continuously improved in people.Excavator is current work
One of most important engineering machinery in Cheng Jianshe, its dosage are huge.In order to ensure that excavator can work normally for a long time, its institute
The transmission that uses, rotatable parts, it is necessary to which there is higher intensity and hardness.Manufacturer is when purchasing part, to each component,
The requirement of especially gear etc. is higher and higher.At present, routine techniques is to use tidal stencils process forming ductile iron gear, using this work
The ductile iron gear that skill makes, has higher intensity and hardness, but using process, find its intensity and hardness still need into
One step improves, to reduce the maintenance cost of excavator.
The content of the invention
The previous purpose of the present invention is in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of scientific formulation, cost of manufacture
The excavator ductile iron gear of low high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness.
The latter purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for preparing above-mentioned ductile iron gear.
What the previous technical solution of the present invention was realized in：A kind of excavator of high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness
Ductile iron gear, the ductile iron gear include the chemical composition of following mass percentages：
C:3.60~3.75%, Si:2.50~2.8%, Mn:0.1~0.20%, S：0.02~0.08%, P：0.01~
0.05%th, Cu:0.5~0.8%, Ni:0.25~0.35%, Mo:0.25~0.40%, Mg:0.045~0.06%, Re0.01
~0.03%, Nb0.01~0.05%, surplus Fe.
In a kind of excavator ductile iron gear of above-mentioned high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness, which includes down
State the chemical composition of mass percentage：
C:3.65~3.7%, Si:2.55~2.75%, Mn:0.12~0.18%, S：0.03~0.06%, P：0.02~
0.04%th, Cu:0.55~0.70%, Ni:0.28~0.32%, Mo:0.28~0.36%, Mg:0.048~0.055%,
Re0.015~0.025%, Nb0.02~0.035%, surplus Fe.
In a kind of excavator ductile iron gear of above-mentioned high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness, in the ductile iron gear also
Contain the V that mass percentage is 0.001~0.003%.
What the latter technique scheme of the present invention was realized in：One kind prepares above-mentioned high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness
Excavator ductile iron gear method, this method comprises the following steps：
(1) raw material shove charge is melted, change it is clear after molten iron be warming up to 1500 DEG C~1520 DEG C, power failure is skimmed polishing spectrum, by with
Side's amount adjusts chemical composition, mixes up to have a power failure after being warming up to 1540 DEG C after component and stands 3 minutes；
(2) method is poured using pressure, nodularization bag is preheated first, then carry dam one toward in preheated nodularization bag
Side is sequentially added by, into nodulizer and covering silicon, being then compacted with pure magnesium iron plate, and press upper hopper lid, funnel in bag mouth from lower to upper
It is corresponding to carry dam opposite side do not cover pure magnesium iron plate, prepare nodularization；
(3) molten iron for adjusting and having stood is warming up to 1540 DEG C~1550 DEG C to pour in funnel, nodularization time control exists
50~60S, removes filler cap at once after nodularization, prepare cast；
(4) Iron Mould Coated Sand technique, i.e. one layer of 6~8mm precoated sand of swage overlying are used, the good molten iron of nodularization is net through slag hitting
Quickly poured into Iron Mould Coated Sand cavity after change, finished gear blank of unpacking to obtain after standing.
In the above-mentioned method of excavator ductile iron gear for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness, in step (1),
The raw material is mainly made of high-quality mild steel, petroleum coke carburant, ferrosilicon, red copper, nodulizer, pure tin, ferronickel and ferro-niobium.
In the above-mentioned method of excavator ductile iron gear for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness, in step (1),
The fusion process is specially：First toward the high-quality mild steel of whole stove is filled up in intermediate frequency furnace, then add and account for carburant total amount three and divide
One of carburant, temperature is by room temperature to 1000 DEG C；When high-quality mild steel starts to melt and has iron liquid, continue to add
Adding high-quality mild steel and add the carburant for accounting for carburant total amount 1/3rd at the same time, in-furnace temperature is kept for 1000~1300 DEG C,
Then uninterruptedly add remaining high-quality mild steel in formula ratio and add remaining carburant until all high-quality mild steel are complete
Running down.
In the above-mentioned method of excavator ductile iron gear for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness, in step (2),
The addition of the nodulizer is the 0.85~1.1% of molten iron gross weight.
In the above-mentioned method of excavator ductile iron gear for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness, in step (2),
The covering silicon is used to cover nodulizer, and the addition for covering silicon is that the gross weight of silicon in chemical composition subtracts silicon in base iron
Weight subtracts weight remaining after the weight of silicon in nodulizer again.
In the above-mentioned method of excavator ductile iron gear for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness, in step (2),
The preheating temperature of nodularization bag is 450~600 DEG C.
In the above-mentioned method of excavator ductile iron gear for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness, step (4) tool
Body is：Using Iron Mould Coated Sand technique, i.e. one layer of 6~8mm precoated sand of swage overlying, by the good molten iron of nodularization after slag hitting purifies it is fast
Speed is poured into Iron Mould Coated Sand cavity, and pouring temperature is controlled at 1450 DEG C~1480 DEG C, and after standing 20~30 minutes, unpacking to cast
Part, 700 DEG C~800 DEG C of casting temperature, then casting is embedded in when insulation 3~5 is small in incubator and gets product gear blank..
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that following using after above-mentioned formula：
(1) carbon and silicone content are improved so that toughness of products is improved, the content of the carbon and silicon, with reference to the application's
Formula, is not to be exceeded its upper limit, otherwise can influence properties of product, decline toughness of products；
(2) control of Mn contents is in 0.1~0.20%, preferably 0.12~0.18%.Because Mn is that carbide-forming element is same
When can influence properties of product there are segregation phenomena, if it exceeds 0.2%, product graphitization is can not be successfully progress or appearance
The incomplete situation of graphitization；
(3) copper, molybdenum and nickel three, which coordinate, plays the role of increase and refinement pearlite, improves yield strength and impact flexibility is prolonged
Long life；
(4) micro niobium disperses in the base, to improve micro-hardness, therefore add wearability；Preferably, itself and vanadium
Coordinate, the wear-resisting property can be made significantly to be lifted.But since vanadium is very sensitive, the very difficult control of its dosage, the application
The dosage of middle vanadium, is by creative work, just obtains.After use, its wear-resisting property can be made to lift 20%.
The present invention, in conjunction with above-mentioned formula, compared to tidal stencils technique, is covered using after above-mentioned Iron Mould Coated Sand technique using swage
Sand technique can improve the compactness of casting, due to quick cooling, play the role of refining graphite nodule, while improve work
Skill yield rate, eliminates stress using residual heat insulation, improves elongation percentage.So that its tensile strength, hardness and elongation percentage obtain
To raising.Meanwhile the formula of swage technique combination the application using the application, compared to matching somebody with somebody for conventionally employed 700~2 magnesium iron
Side, cost are significantly reduced, meanwhile, accurate size, reduces allowance, alleviates casting weight.Using the application work
Excavator gear prepared by skill combined formulation, in actual use, service life improve 50% than former technique, reduce at the same time
5% weight, achieves good economic benefit.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but does not form to any of the present invention
Limitation.
A kind of excavator ductile iron gear of high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness of the present invention, the ductile iron gear include down
State the chemical composition of mass percentage：
C:3.60~3.75%, Si:2.50~2.8%, Mn:0.1~0.20%, S：0.02~0.08%, P：0.01~
0.05%th, Cu:0.5~0.8%, Ni:0.25~0.35%, Mo:0.25~0.40%, Mg:0.045~0.06%, Re0.01
~0.03%, Nb0.01~0.05%, surplus Fe.
Preferably, which includes the chemical composition of following mass percentages：
C:3.65~3.7%, Si:2.55~2.75%, Mn:0.12~0.18%, S：0.03~0.06%, P：0.02~
0.04%th, Cu:0.55~0.70%, Ni:0.28~0.32%, Mo:0.28~0.36%, Mg:0.048~0.055%,
Re0.015~0.025%, Nb0.02~0.035%, surplus Fe.
Further, in order to lift the wearability of magnesium iron, it is 0.001 also to contain mass percentage in the ductile iron gear
~0.003% V.
A kind of method of excavator ductile iron gear for preparing above-mentioned high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness of the present invention, should
Method comprises the following steps：
(1) raw material shove charge is melted, first toward the high-quality mild steel of whole stove is filled up in intermediate frequency furnace, then adds that to account for carburant total
The carburant of amount 1/3rd, temperature is by room temperature to 1000 DEG C；When high-quality mild steel starts to melt and has iron liquid,
Continue to add high-quality mild steel and add the carburant for accounting for carburant total amount 1/3rd at the same time, in-furnace temperature holding 1000~
1300 DEG C, then uninterruptedly add remaining high-quality mild steel in formula ratio and add remaining carburant until all high-quality low
Carbon steel is completely melt, is changed clear rear molten iron and is warming up to 1500 DEG C~1520 DEG C, have a power failure polishing spectrum of skimming, and tunes into the melt and studies by formula ratio
Point, mix up to have a power failure after being warming up to 1540 DEG C after component and stand 3 minutes.The raw material is mainly by high-quality mild steel, petroleum coke carburetting
Agent, ferrosilicon, red copper, nodulizer, pure tin, ferronickel and ferro-niobium composition.The pig iron is not had to using high-quality mild steel, it is therefore an objective to reduce impurity
Improve the pure property of molten iron.
(2) method is poured using pressure, nodularization bag is preheated first, be preheated to temperature as 450~600 DEG C, it is then past
The dam side that carries in preheated nodularization bag is sequentially added by into nodulizer and covering silicon, then with pure magnesium iron plate pressure from lower to upper
Real, and press upper hopper lid in bag mouth, funnel correspondence carries dam opposite side do not cover pure magnesium iron plate, prepares nodularization；Nodulizer
Addition be molten iron gross weight 0.85~1.1%；Covering silicon is used to cover nodulizer, cover the addition of silicon for chemistry into
The gross weight of silicon subtracts the weight of silicon in base iron and subtracts weight remaining after the weight of silicon in nodulizer again in point.
(3) molten iron for adjusting and having stood is warming up to 1540 DEG C~1550 DEG C to pour in funnel, nodularization time control exists
50~60S, removes filler cap at once after nodularization, prepare cast；
(4) Iron Mould Coated Sand technique, i.e. one layer of 6~8mm precoated sand of swage overlying are used, the good molten iron of nodularization is net through slag hitting
Quickly poured into Iron Mould Coated Sand cavity after change, pouring temperature is controlled at 1450 DEG C~1480 DEG C, after standing 20~30 minutes, is unpacked
Casting, 700 DEG C~800 DEG C of casting temperature are obtained, then casting is embedded in when insulation 3~5 is small in incubator and gets product gear blank.
Experimental example
Using the formula of the application, swage technique is then respectively adopted and traditional tidal stencils technique prepares ductile iron gear, tie
Fruit is as follows：
Embodiment 1
Formula：
C:3.60%th, Si:2.50%th, Mn:0.1%th, S：0.02%th, P：0.01%th, Cu:0.5%th, Ni:0.25%th, Mo:
0.25%th, Mg:0.045%th, Re：0.01%th, Nb：0.01%, surplus Fe.
Preparation method：
(1) raw material shove charge is melted, first toward the high-quality mild steel of whole stove is filled up in intermediate frequency furnace, then adds that to account for carburant total
The carburant of amount 1/3rd, temperature is by room temperature to 1000 DEG C；When high-quality mild steel starts to melt and has iron liquid,
Continue to add high-quality mild steel and add the carburant for accounting for carburant total amount 1/3rd at the same time, in-furnace temperature holding 1000~
1050 DEG C, then uninterruptedly add remaining high-quality mild steel in formula ratio and add remaining carburant until all high-quality low
Carbon steel is completely melt, is changed clear rear molten iron and is warming up to 1500 DEG C~1520 DEG C, have a power failure polishing spectrum of skimming, and tunes into the melt and studies by formula ratio
Point, mix up to have a power failure after being warming up to 1540 DEG C after component and stand 3 minutes.The raw material is mainly by high-quality mild steel, petroleum coke carburetting
Agent, ferrosilicon, red copper, nodulizer, pure tin, ferronickel and ferro-niobium composition.
(2) method is poured using pressure, nodularization bag is preheated first, be preheated to temperature as 450~500 DEG C, it is then past
The dam side that carries in preheated nodularization bag is sequentially added by into nodulizer and covering silicon, then with pure magnesium iron plate pressure from lower to upper
Real, and press upper hopper lid in bag mouth, funnel correspondence carries dam opposite side do not cover pure magnesium iron plate, prepares nodularization；Nodulizer
Addition be molten iron gross weight 0.85%；Covering silicon is used to cover nodulizer, and the addition for covering silicon is in chemical composition
The weight that the gross weight of silicon subtracts silicon in base iron subtracts weight remaining after the weight of silicon in nodulizer again.
(3) molten iron for adjusting and having stood is warming up to 1540 DEG C~1550 DEG C to pour in funnel, nodularization time control exists
50~60S, removes filler cap at once after nodularization, prepare cast；
(4) Iron Mould Coated Sand technique, i.e. one layer of 6~8mm precoated sand of swage overlying are used, the good molten iron of nodularization is net through slag hitting
Quickly poured into Iron Mould Coated Sand cavity after change, pouring temperature is controlled at 1450 DEG C~1480 DEG C, is stood after twenty minutes, unpacking to cast
Part, 700 DEG C~720 DEG C of casting temperature, then casting is embedded in when insulation 3 is small in incubator and gets product gear blank.
By examining, prepared ductile iron gear, tensile strength 750Mpa, hardness 240, elongation percentage 6%, 2 grades of Oxygen potential.
Embodiment 2
Formula：
C:3.75%th, Si:2.8%th, Mn:0.20%th, S：0.08%th, P：0.05%th, Cu:0.8%th, Ni:0.35%th, Mo:
0.40%th, Mg:0.06%th, Re：0.03%th, Nb：0.05%th, V：0.001%, surplus Fe.
Preparation method：
(1) raw material shove charge is melted, first toward the high-quality mild steel of whole stove is filled up in intermediate frequency furnace, then adds that to account for carburant total
The carburant of amount 1/3rd, temperature is by room temperature to 1000 DEG C；When high-quality mild steel starts to melt and has iron liquid,
Continue to add high-quality mild steel and add the carburant for accounting for carburant total amount 1/3rd at the same time, in-furnace temperature holding 1050~
1100 DEG C, then uninterruptedly add remaining high-quality mild steel in formula ratio and add remaining carburant until all high-quality low
Carbon steel is completely melt, is changed clear rear molten iron and is warming up to 1500 DEG C~1520 DEG C, have a power failure polishing spectrum of skimming, and tunes into the melt and studies by formula ratio
Point, mix up to have a power failure after being warming up to 1540 DEG C after component and stand 3 minutes.The raw material is mainly by high-quality mild steel, petroleum coke carburetting
Agent, ferrosilicon, red copper, nodulizer, pure tin, ferronickel and ferro-niobium composition.
(2) method is poured using pressure, nodularization bag is preheated first, be preheated to temperature as 500~550 DEG C, it is then past
The dam side that carries in preheated nodularization bag is sequentially added by into nodulizer and covering silicon, then with pure magnesium iron plate pressure from lower to upper
Real, and press upper hopper lid in bag mouth, funnel correspondence carries dam opposite side do not cover pure magnesium iron plate, prepares nodularization；Nodulizer
Addition be molten iron gross weight 0.90%；Covering silicon is used to cover nodulizer, and the addition for covering silicon is in chemical composition
The weight that the gross weight of silicon subtracts silicon in base iron subtracts weight remaining after the weight of silicon in nodulizer again.
(3) molten iron for adjusting and having stood is warming up to 1540 DEG C~1550 DEG C to pour in funnel, nodularization time control exists
50~60S, removes filler cap at once after nodularization, prepare cast；
(4) Iron Mould Coated Sand technique, i.e. one layer of 6~8mm precoated sand of swage overlying are used, the good molten iron of nodularization is net through slag hitting
Quickly poured into Iron Mould Coated Sand cavity after change, pouring temperature is controlled at 1450 DEG C~1480 DEG C, and after standing 25 minutes, unpacking to cast
Part, 720 DEG C~750 DEG C of casting temperature, then casting is embedded in when insulation 3.5 is small in incubator and gets product gear blank.
By examining, prepared ductile iron gear, tensile strength 758Mpa, hardness 246, elongation percentage 6.5%, Oxygen potential 2
Level.
Embodiment 3
Formula：
C:3.65%th, Si:2.55%th, Mn:0.12%th, S：0.03%th, P：0.02%th, Cu:0.55%th, Ni:0.28%th,
Mo:0.28~0.36%, Mg:0.048%th, Re：0.015%th, Nb：0.02%th, V：0.002%, surplus Fe.
Preparation method：
(1) raw material shove charge is melted, first toward the high-quality mild steel of whole stove is filled up in intermediate frequency furnace, then adds that to account for carburant total
The carburant of amount 1/3rd, temperature is by room temperature to 1000 DEG C；When high-quality mild steel starts to melt and has iron liquid,
Continue to add high-quality mild steel and add the carburant for accounting for carburant total amount 1/3rd at the same time, in-furnace temperature holding 1100~
1150 DEG C, then uninterruptedly add remaining high-quality mild steel in formula ratio and add remaining carburant until all high-quality low
Carbon steel is completely melt, is changed clear rear molten iron and is warming up to 1500 DEG C~1520 DEG C, have a power failure polishing spectrum of skimming, and tunes into the melt and studies by formula ratio
Point, mix up to have a power failure after being warming up to 1540 DEG C after component and stand 3 minutes.The raw material is mainly by high-quality mild steel, petroleum coke carburetting
Agent, ferrosilicon, red copper, nodulizer, pure tin, ferronickel and ferro-niobium composition.
(2) method is poured using pressure, nodularization bag is preheated first, be preheated to temperature as 550~600 DEG C, it is then past
The dam side that carries in preheated nodularization bag is sequentially added by into nodulizer and covering silicon, then with pure magnesium iron plate pressure from lower to upper
Real, and press upper hopper lid in bag mouth, funnel correspondence carries dam opposite side do not cover pure magnesium iron plate, prepares nodularization；Nodulizer
Addition be molten iron gross weight 0.95%；Covering silicon is used to cover nodulizer, and the addition for covering silicon is in chemical composition
The weight that the gross weight of silicon subtracts silicon in base iron subtracts weight remaining after the weight of silicon in nodulizer again.
(3) molten iron for adjusting and having stood is warming up to 1540 DEG C~1550 DEG C to pour in funnel, nodularization time control exists
50~60S, removes filler cap at once after nodularization, prepare cast；
(4) Iron Mould Coated Sand technique, i.e. one layer of 6~8mm precoated sand of swage overlying are used, the good molten iron of nodularization is net through slag hitting
Quickly poured into Iron Mould Coated Sand cavity after change, pouring temperature is controlled at 1450 DEG C~1480 DEG C, and after standing 30 minutes, unpacking to cast
Part, 750 DEG C~800 DEG C of casting temperature, then casting is embedded in when insulation 4 is small in incubator and gets product gear blank.
By examining, prepared ductile iron gear, tensile strength 800Mpa, hardness 250, elongation percentage 9%, 2 grades of Oxygen potential.
Embodiment 4
Formula：
C:3.7%th, Si:2.75%th, Mn:0.18%th, S：0.06%th, P：0.04%th, Cu:0.70%th, Ni:0.32%th, Mo:
0.36%th, Mg:0.055%th, Re：0.025%th, Nb：0.035%th, V：0.003%, surplus Fe.
Preparation method：
(1) raw material shove charge is melted, first toward the high-quality mild steel of whole stove is filled up in intermediate frequency furnace, then adds that to account for carburant total
The carburant of amount 1/3rd, temperature is by room temperature to 1000 DEG C；When high-quality mild steel starts to melt and has iron liquid,
Continue to add high-quality mild steel and add the carburant for accounting for carburant total amount 1/3rd at the same time, in-furnace temperature holding 1150~
1200 DEG C, then uninterruptedly add remaining high-quality mild steel in formula ratio and add remaining carburant until all high-quality low
Carbon steel is completely melt, is changed clear rear molten iron and is warming up to 1500 DEG C~1520 DEG C, have a power failure polishing spectrum of skimming, and tunes into the melt and studies by formula ratio
Point, mix up to have a power failure after being warming up to 1540 DEG C after component and stand 3 minutes.The raw material is mainly by high-quality mild steel, petroleum coke carburetting
Agent, ferrosilicon, red copper, nodulizer, pure tin, ferronickel and ferro-niobium composition.
(2) method is poured using pressure, nodularization bag is preheated first, be preheated to temperature as 450~500 DEG C, it is then past
The dam side that carries in preheated nodularization bag is sequentially added by into nodulizer and covering silicon, then with pure magnesium iron plate pressure from lower to upper
Real, and press upper hopper lid in bag mouth, funnel correspondence carries dam opposite side do not cover pure magnesium iron plate, prepares nodularization；Nodulizer
Addition be molten iron gross weight 1.1%；Covering silicon is used to cover nodulizer, and the addition for covering silicon is silicon in chemical composition
Gross weight subtract the weight of silicon in base iron and subtract weight remaining after the weight of silicon in nodulizer again.
(3) molten iron for adjusting and having stood is warming up to 1540 DEG C~1550 DEG C to pour in funnel, nodularization time control exists
50~60S, removes filler cap at once after nodularization, prepare cast；
(4) Iron Mould Coated Sand technique, i.e. one layer of 6~8mm precoated sand of swage overlying are used, the good molten iron of nodularization is net through slag hitting
Quickly poured into Iron Mould Coated Sand cavity after change, pouring temperature is controlled at 1450 DEG C~1480 DEG C, and after standing 25 minutes, unpacking to cast
Part, 780 DEG C~800 DEG C of casting temperature, then casting is embedded in when insulation 4.5 is small in incubator and gets product gear blank.
By examining, prepared ductile iron gear, tensile strength 782Mpa, hardness 253, elongation percentage 7.2%, Oxygen potential 2
Level.
Embodiment 5
Formula：
C:3.68%th, Si:2.60%th, Mn:0.15%th, S：0.04%th, P：0.03%th, Cu:0.62%th, Ni:0.30%th,
Mo:0.32%th, Mg:0.050%th, Re：0.020%th, Nb：0.030%th, V：0.002%, surplus Fe.
Preparation method：
(1) raw material shove charge is melted, first toward the high-quality mild steel of whole stove is filled up in intermediate frequency furnace, then adds that to account for carburant total
The carburant of amount 1/3rd, temperature is by room temperature to 1000 DEG C；When high-quality mild steel starts to melt and has iron liquid,
Continue to add high-quality mild steel and add the carburant for accounting for carburant total amount 1/3rd at the same time, in-furnace temperature holding 1200~
1300 DEG C, then uninterruptedly add remaining high-quality mild steel in formula ratio and add remaining carburant until all high-quality low
Carbon steel is completely melt, is changed clear rear molten iron and is warming up to 1500 DEG C~1520 DEG C, have a power failure polishing spectrum of skimming, and tunes into the melt and studies by formula ratio
Point, mix up to have a power failure after being warming up to 1540 DEG C after component and stand 3 minutes.The raw material is mainly by high-quality mild steel, petroleum coke carburetting
Agent, ferrosilicon, red copper, nodulizer, pure tin, ferronickel and ferro-niobium composition.
(2) method is poured using pressure, nodularization bag is preheated first, be preheated to temperature as 550~600 DEG C, it is then past
The dam side that carries in preheated nodularization bag is sequentially added by into nodulizer and covering silicon, then with pure magnesium iron plate pressure from lower to upper
Real, and press upper hopper lid in bag mouth, funnel correspondence carries dam opposite side do not cover pure magnesium iron plate, prepares nodularization；Nodulizer
Addition be molten iron gross weight 0.98%；Covering silicon is used to cover nodulizer, and the addition for covering silicon is in chemical composition
The weight that the gross weight of silicon subtracts silicon in base iron subtracts weight remaining after the weight of silicon in nodulizer again.
(3) molten iron for adjusting and having stood is warming up to 1540 DEG C~1550 DEG C to pour in funnel, nodularization time control exists
50~60S, removes filler cap at once after nodularization, prepare cast；
(4) Iron Mould Coated Sand technique, i.e. one layer of 6~8mm precoated sand of swage overlying are used, the good molten iron of nodularization is net through slag hitting
Quickly poured into Iron Mould Coated Sand cavity after change, pouring temperature is controlled at 1450 DEG C~1480 DEG C, and after standing 30 minutes, unpacking to cast
Part, 750 DEG C~780 DEG C of casting temperature, then casting is embedded in when insulation 5 is small in incubator and gets product gear blank.
By examining, prepared ductile iron gear, tensile strength 790Mpa, hardness 256, elongation percentage 8%, 2 grades of Oxygen potential.
Embodiment provided above is the better embodiment of the present invention, is only used for the convenient explanation present invention, not to this hair
The limitation of bright work in any form, any those of ordinary skill in the art, if putting forward skill not departing from the present invention
In the range of art feature, using the equivalent embodiment for locally changing or modifying made by disclosed technology contents, and
Without departing from the technical feature content of the present invention, in the range of still falling within the technology of the present invention feature.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of excavator ductile iron gear of high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness, it is characterised in that the ductile iron gear includes
The chemical composition of following mass percentages：
C:3.60~3.75%, Si:2.50~2.8%, Mn:0.1~0.20%, S：0.02~0.08%, P：0.01~
0.05%th, Cu:0.5~0.8%, Ni:0.25~0.35%, Mo:0.25~0.40%, Mg:0.045~0.06%, Re0.01
~0.03%, Nb0.01~0.05%, surplus Fe.
2. a kind of excavator ductile iron gear of high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness according to claim 1, its feature
It is, which includes the chemical composition of following mass percentages：
C:3.65~3.7%, Si:2.55~2.75%, Mn:0.12~0.18%, S：0.03~0.06%, P：0.02~
0.04%th, Cu:0.55~0.70%, Ni:0.28~0.32%, Mo:0.28~0.36%, Mg:0.048~0.055%,
Re0.015~0.025%, Nb0.02~0.035%, surplus Fe.
3. a kind of excavator ductile iron gear of high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness according to claim 1 or 2, it is special
Sign is, also containing the V that mass percentage is 0.001~0.003% in the ductile iron gear.
4. a kind of excavator ductile iron gear for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness described in any of the above-described claim
Method, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
(1) raw material shove charge is melted, changes clear rear molten iron and be warming up to 1500 DEG C~1520 DEG C, have a power failure polishing spectrum of skimming, by formula ratio
Chemical composition is adjusted, mixes up to have a power failure after being warming up to 1540 DEG C after component and stands 3 minutes；
(2) method is poured using pressure, nodularization bag is preheated first, then toward in preheated nodularization bag carry dam side by
Under be up sequentially added by into nodulizer and covering silicon, then with pure magnesium iron plate be compacted, and bag mouth press upper hopper lid, funnel correspondence
Dam opposite side is carried do not cover pure magnesium iron plate, prepares nodularization；
(3) will adjust and the molten iron that has stood be warming up to 1540 DEG C~1550 DEG C and pour in funnel, nodularization time control 50~
60S, removes filler cap at once after nodularization, prepare cast；
(4) Iron Mould Coated Sand technique, i.e. one layer of 6~8mm precoated sand of swage overlying are used, by the good molten iron of nodularization after slag hitting purifies
Quickly pour into Iron Mould Coated Sand cavity, finished gear blank of unpacking to obtain after standing.
5. the method for the excavator ductile iron gear according to claim 1 for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness,
It is characterized in that, in step (1), the raw material mainly by high-quality mild steel, petroleum coke carburant, ferrosilicon, red copper, nodulizer,
Pure tin, ferronickel and ferro-niobium composition.
6. the method for the excavator ductile iron gear according to claim 1 for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness,
It is characterized in that, in step (1), the fusion process is specially：First toward the high-quality mild steel of whole stove is filled up in intermediate frequency furnace, then
Addition accounts for the carburant of carburant total amount 1/3rd, and temperature is by room temperature to 1000 DEG C；When high-quality mild steel starts to melt
And when having iron liquid, continue to add high-quality mild steel and add the carburant for accounting for carburant total amount 1/3rd at the same time, in stove
Temperature is kept for 1000~1300 DEG C, is then uninterruptedly added remaining high-quality mild steel in formula ratio and is added remaining carburant
Until all high-quality mild steel are completely melt.
7. the method for the excavator ductile iron gear according to claim 1 for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness,
It is characterized in that, in step (2), the addition of the nodulizer is the 0.85~1.1% of molten iron gross weight.
8. the side of the excavator ductile iron gear for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness according to claim 1 or 7
Method, it is characterised in that in step (2), the covering silicon is used to cover nodulizer, and the addition for covering silicon is silicon in chemical composition
Gross weight subtract the weight of silicon in base iron and subtract weight remaining after the weight of silicon in nodulizer again.
9. the method for the excavator ductile iron gear according to claim 1 for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness,
It is characterized in that, in step (2), the preheating temperature of nodularization bag is 450~600 DEG C.
10. the method for the excavator ductile iron gear according to claim 1 for preparing high-ductility high wear-resistant high strength and high hardness,
It is characterized in that, step (4) is specially：It is using Iron Mould Coated Sand technique, i.e. one layer of 6~8mm precoated sand of swage overlying, nodularization is good
Molten iron quickly poured into Iron Mould Coated Sand cavity after slag hitting purifies, pouring temperature control at 1450 DEG C~1480 DEG C, stand 20
After~30 minutes, unpack to obtain casting, 700 DEG C~800 DEG C of casting temperature, then by casting be embedded in incubator insulation 3~5 it is small when i.e.
Obtain finished gear blank.
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