CN107964512B - Anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain and a preparation method thereof, wherein the anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain is composed of sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum powder and sucrose raw materials according to a certain proportion, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: A. weighing sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum powder and sucrose raw materials according to a certain proportion, and uniformly mixing the raw materials; B. adding a certain proportion of short fibers in the step A, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding water to adjust the water content to 58%, mixing uniformly, and dispersing the short fibers in the culture material mixture uniformly to obtain a mixture; C. putting the mixture into a fungus bag or a fungus bottle, sealing, and then carrying out conventional fungus production procedures of sterilization, inoculation and culture; after the hypha grows over the fungus bag or the fungus bottle, an anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain is obtained. Reasonable formula, convenient use, low anti-counterfeiting cost, simple and obvious anti-counterfeiting effect and easy discrimination. The method is easy to implement, simple and convenient to operate and does not influence the quality of the strains.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological culture bags, in particular to an anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain and a preparation method of the anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain, which are suitable for solid culture of various edible fungus strains.
Background
The traditional edible fungus strain production is that various culture materials (wood chips, wheat bran, gypsum powder and the like) of edible fungi are weighed and proportioned according to a formula, then water is regulated and uniformly mixed, then the mixture is put into a fungus bag or a fungus bottle, and the procedures of sealing, sterilizing, inoculating, culturing and the like are carried out for culture. Various culture materials are necessary nutrient substances for the growth of the edible fungus strains. The variety information of the strain is on the outer packaging bag or bottle of the strain. When the strain is used by a user, the outer packaging object of the strain is opened, the culture medium with the overgrown hypha is broken into small blocks, and only the small bacterial blocks are used as inoculants to be inoculated on a new culture material. Because the production formulas and the varieties of different manufacturers are similar or identical, the strain blocks which are broken into small blocks and used for inoculation are difficult to distinguish the manufacturers and the varieties from the appearance, the peaches are easy to wear in production, the different varieties are easy to be placed disorderly and cannot be identified, or the strains of the manufacturers are pretended to be the strains of other manufacturers, so that the market management is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain which is reasonable in formula, convenient to use, low in anti-counterfeiting cost, simple and obvious in anti-counterfeiting effect and easy to distinguish.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain, which is easy to implement and simple and convenient to operate and does not influence the quality of the strain.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical measures:
an anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the water content of the strain is adjusted to 58 +/-2% after the strain is prepared. The formula can be used for producing anti-counterfeiting strains of edible fungi such as Lentinus Edodes, Auricularia, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Hypsizygus marmoreus, Flammulina velutipes and Hericium erinaceus.
When different edible fungi are produced, the proportion of the main raw materials is unchanged, and different varieties can be distinguished through the length, thickness, combination and the like of the short fibers. For example, 0.5 cm long and short fiber can be used in producing Lentinus Edodes strain; when producing the black fungus strain, short fiber with the length of 1.0 cm can be used; when producing the flammulina velutipes strain, short fibers with the length of 1.5 cm can be used; when producing oyster mushroom strains, 2.0cm long short fibers and the like can be used for differentiation.
When the same variety of strains are produced, the proportion of the main raw materials is unchanged, and different strains in the same variety can be distinguished through the color, thickness, combination and the like of the short fibers. When the shiitake mushroom strain is produced, 0.1% of yellow short fiber with the length of 0.5 cm can be used for producing the shiitake mushroom Senyuan No. 1 strain; for example, 0.1% of red short fiber with the length of 0.5 cm can be used for producing the shiitake Senyuan No. 2 strain; for example, 0.1% of blue short fiber with the length of 0.5 cm can be used for producing the shiitake Senyuan No. 10 strain; for example, when producing Xianggu Senyuan No. 16 strain, 0.5 cm long yellow 0.05% and 0.5 cm long red short fiber 0.05% can be used to distinguish.
The anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain is a mushroom strain, an anti-counterfeiting black fungus strain, an anti-counterfeiting needle mushroom strain, an anti-counterfeiting oyster mushroom strain and the like.
The main raw materials in the strain production formula are material for providing nutrition for edible fungus strains, and the strain production formula can mainly meet the basic nutrition for the growth of the strains and ensure the life activity of the strains; the short fiber is a non-nutrient substance which is bright in color, easy to identify and distinguish and cannot be decomposed and utilized by the strains, and mainly provides conditions for visual identification of human eyes. The two are mixed to achieve the purposes of ensuring the activity of the strains and quickly distinguishing and distinguishing.
An anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: (preferred range):
an anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight (preferably in a range):
an anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight (the best range):
an anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight (specific values):
a preparation method of an anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain comprises the following steps:
A. weighing sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum powder, cane sugar and other raw materials according to a certain proportion, and uniformly mixing the raw materials;
B. adding a certain proportion of short fibers in the step A, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding water to adjust the water content to about 58%, mixing uniformly, and dispersing the short fibers in the culture material mixture uniformly to obtain a mixture;
C. putting the mixture into a fungus bag or a fungus bottle, sealing, and performing conventional fungus production procedures such as sterilization, inoculation, culture and the like; after the hypha grows over the fungus bag or the fungus bottle, an anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain is obtained.
The short fiber is a material which can not be decomposed by the edible fungus, and can not be denatured under the conditions of high pressure of 102.97-137.30 kPa and high temperature of 121-. The short fiber has length of 0.2-2.0cm and diameter of 0.05-0.5mm, and can be used for anti-counterfeiting by means of color, color combination, color-changing condition and appearance.
The anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain produced by the method can visually and rapidly distinguish the domestic fungus strain of the factory from the strains of other factories through eyes, and can visually distinguish the strain variety or different strains in the same variety through simple measurement.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the culture medium formula of the conventional strain adopts nutrient substances which can be decomposed and utilized by the strain, and the appearance and the interior of the culture medium after the strain is inoculated are identical or similar, so that the culture medium is difficult to distinguish.
In the strain culture medium, short fiber substances which cannot be decomposed and utilized by strains are added on the basis of conventional nutrient substances, and the conventional nutrient substances can be distinguished by providing the short fibers after being decomposed and utilized by the strains. Can visually and quickly distinguish the domestic strains of the factory from the strains of other factories, thereby achieving the purpose of being different from other conventional strains.
2. The invention further subdivides the content, color, thickness, length and other proportions of the short fibers on the basis of adding the short fibers which cannot be decomposed and utilized by the strains. For example, the short fibers with different lengths, thicknesses and colors, such as red, yellow, blue, green, brown and the like, and various fluorescent short fibers can be matched with one another, so that the purposes of distinguishing different edible fungus varieties from different strains in the same species are achieved.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
an anti-counterfeiting shiitake mushroom strain is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 77.9 parts of sawdust, 20 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum powder, 1 part of cane sugar and 0.1 part of short fibers; after being prepared, the water content is adjusted to 58 +/-2 percent. When the formula is used for producing mushroom strains, the proportion of main raw materials is unchanged, and the length, the thickness and the color change of short fibers can be used for distinguishing different strains in the mushroom strains. For example, 0.1 yellow short fiber with the length of 0.5 cm can be used for producing No. 1 champignon Senyuan strain; for example, 0.1 red short fiber with the length of 0.5 cm can be used for producing the Senyuan No. 2 mushroom strain; for example, 0.1 blue short fiber with the length of 0.5 cm can be used for producing the shiitake Senyuan No. 10 strain; for example, when producing Xianggu Senyuan No. 16 strain, 0.5 cm yellow staple fiber 0.05 and 0.5 cm red staple fiber 0.05 can be used together, and so on.
An anti-counterfeiting shiitake mushroom Senyuan No. 2 strain (shiitake mushroom Senyuan No. 2 is a strain code number in a plurality of shiitake mushroom strains, or called variety code, generally needs to be a variety code number identified or approved by related departments) preparation method, which comprises the following steps:
A. weighing the raw materials according to the proportion of the wood chips, the wheat bran, the gypsum powder and the cane sugar, and uniformly mixing the raw materials; adding
0.1 of 0.5 cm long red short fiber, and water is added to adjust the water content to about 58 percent. Is sufficient
Uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
B. putting the mixture into a strain bag, sealing, and sterilizing at 100 deg.C under normal pressure (100KPa) for 12 hr;
C. and (3) after the strain bag is cooled to below 25 ℃, inoculating the Senyuan No. 2 stock of the lentinus edodes under the aseptic operation condition, and then sealing.
D. And (3) transporting the inoculated strain bag to a culture room, culturing at 21-23 ℃ under the conditions of dark light and ventilation, and growing hypha over the strain bag to obtain the anti-counterfeiting shiitake mushroom Senyuan No. 2 strain.
E. When the mushroom cultivation bag is used by a grower, the mushroom cultivation bag is cut, the mixture full of hyphae is broken into small pieces, and the small pieces are inoculated on a mushroom stick.
F. And (3) observing a small mixture (strain block) which is spotted on the strain rod and contains red short fibers and is 0.5 cm long at any time from the time when the hyphae germinate, fix planting, the hyphae overgrow the strain rod, start to produce the mushroom and end to produce the mushroom, and judging that the strain used by the strain rod conforms to the characteristics of the short fibers contained in the anti-counterfeiting shiitake Senyuan No. 2 strain and is the shiitake Senyuan No. 2 strain.
The anti-counterfeiting strains of different mushroom strains comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the strain production method of other Lentinus edodes strains is the same, and different strains are distinguished by short fibers with different lengths, thicknesses and colors such as red, yellow, blue, green, brown and the like and various fluorescent short fibers in mutual matching.
Example 2:
the production of the anti-counterfeiting black fungus strain comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 82.8 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of bran wheat, 1.5 parts of gypsum powder, 0.5 part of cane sugar and 0.2 part of short fibers; after being prepared, the water content is adjusted to 58 +/-2 percent. When the black fungus strain is produced, the proportion of the main raw materials is unchanged, and the length, the thickness and the color of the short fibers can be used for distinguishing different strains in the black fungus strain. For example, 0.2% of yellow short fiber with the length of 1.0 cm can be used for producing the black fungus 8129 strain; for example, 0.2% of red short fiber with the length of 1.0 cm can be used for producing the new family strains of black fungus; for example, when black fungus K3 strain is produced, a distinction can be made between 0.1% blue short fiber with a length of 1.0 cm and 0.1% red short fiber with a length of 1.0 cm.
An anti-counterfeiting black fungus 8129 strain (black fungus 8129 is a strain code of a plurality of black fungus strains, or called a variety code, generally needs to be a variety code identified or approved by relevant departments) preparation method, which comprises the following steps:
A. weighing the raw materials according to the proportion of the wood chips, the bran wheat, the gypsum powder and the cane sugar, adding 0.2 of yellow short fibers with the length of 1.0 cm into the raw materials, stirring and mixing the raw materials uniformly, and adding water to adjust the water content to about 58 percent. Fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
B. putting the mixture into a strain bag, sealing, and sterilizing at 100 deg.C under normal pressure (100KPa) for 12 hr;
C. after the strain bags are cooled to below 25 ℃, inoculation is carried out, the original strain of the black fungus 8129 is inoculated under the aseptic operation condition, and then the opening is sealed.
D. And (3) transporting the inoculated strain bags to a culture room, culturing at 24-26 ℃ under the conditions of dark light and ventilation, and growing hypha over the strain bags to obtain the anti-counterfeiting black fungus 8129 strain.
E. When the black fungus stick is used by a grower, the fungus bag is cut, the mixture full of hyphae is broken into small pieces, and the small pieces are inoculated on the black fungus stick.
F. And (3) observing a small mixture (strain block) which is spotted on the fungus stick and contains yellow short fibers and is 1.0 cm long at any time from the time when the hyphae germinate, fix-planting, the hyphae overgrow the fungus stick, start to grow out of the fungus and end to grow out of the fungus, so that the strain used by the fungus stick can be judged to be in accordance with the characteristics of the short fibers contained in the anti-counterfeiting black fungus 8129 strain and is the black fungus 8129 strain.
The anti-counterfeiting strains of different black fungus strains comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the strain production method of other black fungus strains is the same, and different strains are distinguished by short fibers with different short thicknesses and colors, such as red, yellow, blue, green, brown and the like, and various fluorescent short fibers in mutual matching.
Example 3:
an anti-counterfeiting oyster mushroom strain is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: sawdust 87, wheat bran 10, gypsum powder 2, sucrose 0.5 and short fibers 0.5; after being prepared, the water content is adjusted to 58 +/-2 percent. When the formula is used for producing oyster mushroom strains, the proportion of main raw materials is unchanged, and the length, thickness and color change of short fibers can be used for distinguishing different strains in the oyster mushroom strains. For producing Pleurotus Ostreatus Heiping-01 strain, blue short fiber 0.5% with length of 2.0cm can be used; for producing Pleurotus Ostreatus Gaoping No. 1 strain, 0.5% of red short fiber with length of 2.0cm can be used; for example, when producing Pleurotus Ostreatus Feng 5 strain, 0.3% yellow short fiber with length of 2.0cm and 0.2% red short fiber with length of 2.0cm can be used together for distinguishing.
An anti-counterfeiting method for preparing oyster mushroom-01 strain (the oyster mushroom-01 is a strain code of a plurality of oyster mushroom strains, or called variety code, generally needs to be a variety code identified or examined by related departments), which comprises the following steps:
A. weighing the raw materials according to the proportion of the wood chips, the wheat bran, the gypsum powder and the cane sugar, adding 0.5 of blue short fiber with the length of 2.0cm into the raw materials, stirring and mixing the raw materials uniformly, and adding water to adjust the water content to about 58 percent. Fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
B. putting the mixture into a strain bag, sealing, and sterilizing at 100 deg.C under normal pressure (100KPa) for 12 hr;
C. after the strain bag is cooled to below 25 ℃, inoculation is carried out, original strains of the oyster mushroom Heiping-01 are inoculated under the aseptic operation condition, and then the opening is sealed.
D. And (3) transporting the inoculated strain bag to a culture room, culturing at 21-23 ℃ under the conditions of dark light and ventilation, and growing hypha over the strain bag to obtain the anti-counterfeiting oyster mushroom Heiping-01 strain.
E. When the cultivation bag is used by a grower, the strain bag is cut, the mixture full of hyphae is broken into small pieces, and the small pieces are inoculated on an oyster mushroom stick.
F. And (3) observing a small mixture (strain block) which is spotted on the strain rod and contains blue short fibers and is 2.0cm long at any time from the time when the hyphae germinate, fix planting, the hyphae overgrow the strain rod, start to produce the mushroom and end to produce the mushroom, and judging that the strain used by the strain rod conforms to the characteristics of the short fibers contained in the anti-counterfeiting oyster mushroom black oyster-01 strain and is the oyster mushroom black oyster-01 strain.
The anti-counterfeiting strains of different oyster mushroom strains consist of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the strain production method of other oyster mushroom strains is the same, and different strains are distinguished by short fibers with different lengths, thicknesses and colors, such as red, yellow, blue, green, brown and the like, and various fluorescent short fibers which are matched with each other.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. An anti-counterfeiting culture medium for edible fungus strains comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
raw material weight portion
76-78 of wood chips
Wheat bran 17-19
1.4-2 parts of gypsum powder
0.8-1 part of cane sugar
1.8-2.6 of short fibers;
when different edible mushrooms are produced, the proportion of main raw materials is unchanged, different varieties are distinguished through the length, the thickness and the combination of short fibers, and when mushroom strains are produced, long and short fibers of 0.5 cm are used; when producing the black fungus strain, short fiber with the length of 1.0 cm is used; when producing the flammulina velutipes strain, short fibers with the length of 1.5 cm are used; when producing oyster mushroom strains, short fibers with the length of 2.0cm are used for distinguishing;
when producing strains of the same variety, the proportion of main raw materials is unchanged, different strains in the same variety are distinguished through the color, thickness and combination of short fibers, when producing mushroom strains, the number 1 mushroom Senyuan strain is produced, and 0.1 percent of yellow short fibers with the length of 0.5 cm is used; producing mushroom Senyuan No. 2 strain with 0.5 cm long red short fiber 0.1%; producing mushroom Senyuan No. 10 strain with blue short fiber of 0.5 cm length 0.1%; shiitake Senyuan No. 16 strain was produced while distinguishing it using 0.5 cm long yellow 0.05% and 0.5 cm long red short fiber 0.05%.
2. A method for preparing anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strains is characterized in that the culture medium of claim 1 is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
weighing sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum powder and sucrose raw materials according to a certain proportion, and uniformly mixing the raw materials;
then adding a certain proportion of short fibers, mixing uniformly in a dry mode, adding water to adjust the water content to 58%, mixing uniformly, and dispersing the short fibers in the culture material mixture uniformly to obtain a mixture;
putting the mixture into a fungus bag or a fungus bottle, sealing, and then carrying out conventional fungus production procedures of sterilization, inoculation and culture; after the hypha grows over the fungus bag or the fungus bottle, an anti-counterfeiting edible fungus strain is obtained.
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