CN107953499A - 一种热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107953499A
CN107953499A CN201711060040.5A CN201711060040A CN107953499A CN 107953499 A CN107953499 A CN 107953499A CN 201711060040 A CN201711060040 A CN 201711060040A CN 107953499 A CN107953499 A CN 107953499A
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foam
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formaldehyde foam
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张路
叶锐
刘铁
卢克涛
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CHENGDU YULONG CHEMICAL Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/58—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G12/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
    • C08G12/02—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes
    • C08G12/26—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds
    • C08G12/30—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds with substituted triazines
    • C08G12/32—Melamines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/58—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2043/5808—Measuring, controlling or regulating pressure or compressing force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/58—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2043/5816—Measuring, controlling or regulating temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/58—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2043/5825—Measuring, controlling or regulating dimensions or shape, e.g. size, thickness
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2361/00—Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2361/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
    • C08J2361/26—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds
    • C08J2361/28—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds with melamine

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的制备方法，具体包括将三聚氰胺、甲醛、碱性催化剂合成三聚氰胺甲醛树脂；向三聚氰胺甲醛树脂中加入乳化剂、固化剂、发泡剂及助剂混匀后，在微波辐射场内进行发泡，使泡沫成型并得到未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫；采用热压机直接对未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫进行热压以制得热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫，从而大大提高了三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的韧性，可用于当前三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的主要应用领域——清洁领域，且其去污能力及使用寿命有更大的优势。

Description

一种热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于三聚氰胺泡沫的制备领域，具体涉及一种热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的制备方法。
背景技术
三聚氰胺泡沫是一种具有高开孔率、三维网络结构的新型泡沫塑料，具有十分优良的吸声性能、阻燃性能、隔热性能、吸水—保水性能、耐湿热稳定性及二次加工等性能，因而有十分广泛的应用领域。
当前国内外已经有一些关于三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的报道，但还很少见到有关针对其热压成型方面的研究，由于三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫本身的结构决定了它具有较好的刚性，但韧性方面仅仅依靠配方上的调整仍不能完全满足其在清洁领域的应用，以至于容易发生断裂而影响其使用效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的就在于为了解决上述问题而提供一种热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的制备方法。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现上述目的：
一种热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的制备方法，包括：
1)将三聚氰胺、甲醛、碱性催化剂合成三聚氰胺甲醛树脂；
2)向三聚氰胺甲醛树脂中加入乳化剂、固化剂、发泡剂及助剂混匀后，在微波辐射场内进行发泡，使泡沫成型并得到未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫；
采用热压机直接对未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫进行热压以制得热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫。
对未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫进行热压的过程包括以下步骤：
1)确定待制造的热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的厚度及顶面面积大小，利用泡沫切割机按照同样顶面面积大小、两倍厚度将未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫切割成型；
2)将切割好的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫置于热压机的热压板上，调整热压温度和热压压力，闭合热压板，使泡沫被压缩至原厚度的1/2时，再压缩2～5mm，以抵消泄压后泡沫回弹的高度，确保热压泡沫厚度的准确性，在保压一段时间后，泄压、降温并取出三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫后，得到热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫。
作为优选，对未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫进行热压的过程中，热压温度保持在180～220℃，热压压力为45～60吨，热压板闭合速度为40～80mm/s，保压时间为5～15min。
本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明采用热压机直接对未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫进行热压以制得热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫，大大提高了三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的韧性，可用于当前三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的主要应用领域——清洁领域，且其去污能力及使用寿命有更大的优势。
具体实施方式
下面本发明作进一步说明：
实施例1：
制备长宽高分别为300*300*30mm的热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫：
首先按照常规方法以三聚氰胺、甲醛、碱性催化剂、乳化剂、固化剂、发泡剂及助剂为原料制备未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫；
将泡沫切割成300*300*60mm的立方体，置于热压机的热压板上，控温200℃，调整热压机压力为50吨，闭合热压板，将泡沫高度压缩至28mm，保压8min，泄压，降温后取出泡沫，此时即可得到300*300*30mm的热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫。
经测试以上方法制得的热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫其密度为14.35Kg/m3，拉伸强度为180.21KPa，断裂伸长率为14.68％。常规泡沫密度一般为7～9Kg/m3，拉伸强度为110～125KPa，断裂伸长率为10～25％。对比各项数值后，利用本技术方案制的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫具有明显的优势。
实施例2：
同样是制备长宽高分别为300*300*30mm的热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫，为进一步提高其密度及拉伸强度，本实施例将未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫切割成300*300*80mm的立方体，置于热压机的热压板上，控温205℃，调整热压机压力为50吨，闭合热压板，将泡沫高度压缩至26mm，保压10min，泄压，降温后取出泡沫，此时即可得到300*300*30mm的热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫。
本实施例制得的热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫密度更高，达到了15.98Kg/m3，拉伸强度为190.57KPa，断裂伸长率为12.58％。常规泡沫密度一般为7～9Kg/m3，拉伸强度为110～125KPa，断裂伸长率为10～25％。对比各项数值后，利用本技术方案制的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫具有的优势更加明显。
本发明所述热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的制备方法具有以下优势：
所制得的热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫密度增大，其拉伸强度大大提高，但断裂伸长率有所下降，作清洁使用时，其效果及使用寿命均有所提高。
作为本发明的技术拓展，还可利用热压机将三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫与铝箔、无纺布等进行热压复合，使得三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫具有更广泛的用途。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (3)

1.一种热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的制备方法，包括：
1)将三聚氰胺、甲醛、碱性催化剂合成三聚氰胺甲醛树脂；
2)向三聚氰胺甲醛树脂中加入乳化剂、固化剂、发泡剂及助剂混匀后，在微波辐射场内进行发泡，使泡沫成型并得到未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫；
其特征在于，
采用热压机直接对未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫进行热压以制得热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫。
2.根据权利要求1所述热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的制备方法，其特征在于，对未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫进行热压的过程包括以下步骤：
1)确定待制造的热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的厚度及顶面面积大小，利用泡沫切割机按照同样顶面面积大小、两倍厚度将未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫切割成型；
2)将切割好的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫置于热压机的热压板上，调整热压温度和热压压力，闭合热压板，使泡沫被压缩至原厚度的1/2时，再压缩2～5mm，以抵消泄压后泡沫回弹的高度，确保热压泡沫厚度的准确性，在保压一段时间后，泄压、降温并取出三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫后，得到热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫。
3.根据权利要求2所述热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的制备方法，其特征在于，对未熟化的三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫进行热压的过程中，热压温度保持在180～220℃，热压压力为45～60吨，热压板闭合速度为40～80mm/s，保压时间为5～15min。
CN201711060040.5A 2017-11-01 2017-11-01 一种热压三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫的制备方法 Pending CN107953499A (zh)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108976467A (zh) * 2018-07-20 2018-12-11 王宇川 一种热压改性的蜜胺泡沫及其制备方法以及应用
CN109701494A (zh) * 2018-12-28 2019-05-03 青岛海尔股份有限公司 气凝胶复合材料及其制备方法
CN110181747A (zh) * 2019-05-14 2019-08-30 中国民用航空总局第二研究所 一种基于软质三聚氰胺泡沫制备座椅垫的方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106832385A (zh) * 2017-01-16 2017-06-13 四川众业长科技有限公司 一种新型蜜胺甲醛泡沫及其制备方法

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106832385A (zh) * 2017-01-16 2017-06-13 四川众业长科技有限公司 一种新型蜜胺甲醛泡沫及其制备方法

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108976467A (zh) * 2018-07-20 2018-12-11 王宇川 一种热压改性的蜜胺泡沫及其制备方法以及应用
CN108976467B (zh) * 2018-07-20 2020-10-27 王宇川 一种热压改性的蜜胺泡沫及其制备方法以及应用
CN109701494A (zh) * 2018-12-28 2019-05-03 青岛海尔股份有限公司 气凝胶复合材料及其制备方法
CN110181747A (zh) * 2019-05-14 2019-08-30 中国民用航空总局第二研究所 一种基于软质三聚氰胺泡沫制备座椅垫的方法

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