CN107938065A - 一种复合型纤维及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种复合型纤维及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107938065A
CN107938065A CN201711152467.8A CN201711152467A CN107938065A CN 107938065 A CN107938065 A CN 107938065A CN 201711152467 A CN201711152467 A CN 201711152467A CN 107938065 A CN107938065 A CN 107938065A
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composite fibre
inorfil
fiber
fibre according
parts
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龚建华
金晓峰
张铁兵
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Jiangsu Hongtai Fiber Technology Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Hongtai Fiber Technology Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J3/00—Modifying the surface
    • D02J3/12—Modifying the surface by removing projecting ends of fibres
    • D02J3/16—Modifying the surface by removing projecting ends of fibres by singeing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
    • D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
    • D06M11/13—Ammonium halides or halides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/46—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table; Titanates; Zirconates; Stannates; Plumbates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/02—Inorganic fibres based on oxides or oxide ceramics, e.g. silicates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/02—Inorganic fibres based on oxides or oxide ceramics, e.g. silicates
    • D10B2101/06—Glass
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/02—Inorganic fibres based on oxides or oxide ceramics, e.g. silicates
    • D10B2101/08—Ceramic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/08—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or unsaturated organic esters, e.g. polyacrylic esters, polyvinyl acetate
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/14—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polycondensates of cyclic compounds, e.g. polyimides, polybenzimidazoles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种复合型纤维及其制备方法，包括无机纤维和有机纤维混纺织造而成，所述无机纤维和有机纤维的比例为1:0.5‑1.6。本发明的复合型纤维材料具备高耐酸性能，高过滤性能，高性价比，使用寿命场的特点。

Description

一种复合型纤维及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于纤维过滤技术领域，具体涉及一种复合型纤维及其制备方法。
背景技术
我国环境总体恶化趋势尚未得到根本遏制，环境问题已成为威胁人体健康、公共安全和 社会稳定的主要因素之一。我国是燃煤生产和消费第一大国，光燃煤发电每年排放烟尘达500 万吨，而且其烟尘大多为PM10以下微细粉尘，工业粉尘在大气污染中占据重要位置。而且这种烟气中高含SO2、NOX和HC等高酸性气体，其中SO2排放量占全国总排放量50％以上。 对于燃煤高酸性烟气除尘目前大多采用PPS(聚苯硫醚)、PTFE(聚四氟乙烯)和GF(玻璃纤维)等高温过滤材料。PPS价高，而且不耐氧化，耐高温等级不变，而PTFE强度低，尺寸稳定性差，而且价高，难以单独使用，GF耐酸性差(尤其E玻纤)。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种复合型纤维及其制备方法，本发明的复合型纤维材料具备高耐酸性能，高过滤性能，高性价比，使用寿命场的特点。
一种复合型纤维，包括无机纤维和有机纤维混纺织造而成，所述无机纤维和有机纤维的比例为1:0.5-1.6。
所述无机纤维采用无碱玻璃纤维、石英纤维或者陶瓷纤维。
所述无碱玻璃纤维的直径为10-300nm，纤度为0.000001-0.0005dtex。
所述有机纤维采用改性腈纶纤维、亚克力纤维或聚酰亚胺纤维中的一种。
所述无机纤维是经过表面处理过的，所述表面处理方法是采用二氧化钛悬浊液浸泡，高温烧结后，采用在氢气条件下高压反应，降温冷却后即可得到无机纤维。
所述二氧化钛悬浊液配方为纳米二氧化钛10-15份、聚乙二醇20-25份、无水乙醇15-20份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮2-4份。
所述过滤材料的制备方法，其步骤如下：
步骤1，将无机纤维放置在酸液中浸泡，然后自然晾干；
步骤2，浸泡后的无机纤维放置在马弗炉中烧毛处理；
步骤3，将自然冷却后与有机纤维混纺得到的复合型纤维过滤材料。
所述步骤1中的酸液采用稀盐酸，浸泡时间为20-40min。
所述步骤2中的烧毛处理温度为200-350℃。
所述步骤3中的所述混纺的捻度为85-100捻/m。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1、本发明的复合型纤维材料具备高耐酸性能，高过滤性能，高性价比，使用寿命场的特点。
2、本发明解决了目前常用纤维的耐候性差的问题，能够广泛应用于高酸性烟气除尘。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步描述：
实施例1
一种复合型纤维，包括无机纤维和有机纤维混纺织造而成，所述无机纤维和有机纤维的比例为1:0.5。
所述无机纤维采用无碱玻璃纤维。
所述无碱玻璃纤维的直径为10nm，纤度为0.000001dtex。
所述有机纤维采用改性腈纶纤维。
所述无机纤维是经过表面处理过的，所述表面处理方法是采用二氧化钛悬浊液浸泡，高温烧结后，采用在氢气条件下高压反应，降温冷却后即可得到无机纤维。
所述二氧化钛悬浊液配方为纳米二氧化钛10份、聚乙二醇20份、无水乙醇15份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮2份。
所述过滤材料的制备方法，其步骤如下：
步骤1，将无机纤维放置在酸液中浸泡，然后自然晾干；
步骤2，浸泡后的无机纤维放置在马弗炉中烧毛处理；
步骤3，将自然冷却后与有机纤维混纺得到的复合型纤维过滤材料。
所述步骤1中的酸液采用稀盐酸，浸泡时间为20min。
所述步骤2中的烧毛处理温度为200℃。
所述步骤3中的所述混纺的捻度为85捻/m。
实施例2
一种复合型纤维，包括无机纤维和有机纤维混纺织造而成，所述无机纤维和有机纤维的比例为1: 1.6。
所述无机纤维采用石英纤维。
所述无碱玻璃纤维的直径为300nm，纤度为0.0005dtex。
所述有机纤维采用亚克力纤维。
所述无机纤维是经过表面处理过的，所述表面处理方法是采用二氧化钛悬浊液浸泡，高温烧结后，采用在氢气条件下高压反应，降温冷却后即可得到无机纤维。
所述二氧化钛悬浊液配方为纳米二氧化钛15份、聚乙二醇25份、无水乙醇20份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮24份。
所述过滤材料的制备方法，其步骤如下：
步骤1，将无机纤维放置在酸液中浸泡，然后自然晾干；
步骤2，浸泡后的无机纤维放置在马弗炉中烧毛处理；
步骤3，将自然冷却后与有机纤维混纺得到的复合型纤维过滤材料。
所述步骤1中的酸液采用稀盐酸，浸泡时间为40min。
所述步骤2中的烧毛处理温度为350℃。
所述步骤3中的所述混纺的捻度为100捻/m。
实施例3
一种复合型纤维，包括无机纤维和有机纤维混纺织造而成，所述无机纤维和有机纤维的比例为1:0.8。
所述无机纤维采用陶瓷纤维。
所述无碱玻璃纤维的直径为190nm，纤度为0.00005dtex。
所述有机纤维采用聚酰亚胺纤维。
所述无机纤维是经过表面处理过的，所述表面处理方法是采用二氧化钛悬浊液浸泡，高温烧结后，采用在氢气条件下高压反应，降温冷却后即可得到无机纤维。
所述二氧化钛悬浊液配方为纳米二氧化钛13份、聚乙二醇22份、无水乙醇18份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮3份。
所述过滤材料的制备方法，其步骤如下：
步骤1，将无机纤维放置在酸液中浸泡，然后自然晾干；
步骤2，浸泡后的无机纤维放置在马弗炉中烧毛处理；
步骤3，将自然冷却后与有机纤维混纺得到的复合型纤维过滤材料。
所述步骤1中的酸液采用稀盐酸，浸泡时间为30min。
所述步骤2中的烧毛处理温度为270℃。
所述步骤3中的所述混纺的捻度为94捻/m。
以上所述仅为本发明的一实施例，并不限制本发明，凡采用等同替换或等效变换的方式所获得的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种复合型纤维，包括无机纤维和有机纤维混纺织造而成，所述无机纤维和有机纤维的比例为1:0.5-1.6。
2.根据权利要求书1所述的一种复合型纤维，其特征在于，所述无机纤维采用无碱玻璃纤维、石英纤维或者陶瓷纤维。
3.根据权利要求书2所述的一种复合型纤维，其特征在于，所述无碱玻璃纤维的直径为10-300nm，纤度为0.000001-0.0005dtex。
4.根据权利要求书1所述的一种复合型纤维，其特征在于，所述有机纤维采用改性腈纶纤维、亚克力纤维或聚酰亚胺纤维中的一种。
5.根据权利要求书1所述的一种复合型纤维，其特征在于，所述无机纤维是经过表面处理过的，所述表面处理方法是采用二氧化钛悬浊液浸泡，高温烧结后，采用在氢气条件下高压反应，降温冷却后即可得到无机纤维。
6.根据权利要求书5所述的一种复合型纤维，其特征在于，所述二氧化钛悬浊液配方为纳米二氧化钛10-15份、聚乙二醇20-25份、无水乙醇15-20份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮2-4份。
7.根据权利要求书1所述的一种复合型纤维，其特征在于，所述过滤材料的制备方法，其步骤如下：
步骤1，将无机纤维放置在酸液中浸泡，然后自然晾干；
步骤2，浸泡后的无机纤维放置在马弗炉中烧毛处理；
步骤3，将自然冷却后与有机纤维混纺得到的复合型纤维过滤材料。
8.根据权利要求书7所述的一种复合型纤维，其特征在于，所述步骤1中的酸液采用稀盐酸，浸泡时间为20-40min。
9.根据权利要求书7所述的一种复合型纤维，其特征在于，所述步骤2中的烧毛处理温度为200-350℃。
10.根据权利要求书7所述的一种复合型纤维，其特征在于，所述步骤3中的所述混纺的捻度为85-100捻/m。
CN201711152467.8A 2017-11-19 2017-11-19 一种复合型纤维及其制备方法 Pending CN107938065A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108914302A (zh) * 2018-09-20 2018-11-30 黄旭东 一种空气变形纱的制备方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106245197A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2016-12-21 何县香 一种复合型纤维过滤材料及其制备方法

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106245197A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2016-12-21 何县香 一种复合型纤维过滤材料及其制备方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108914302A (zh) * 2018-09-20 2018-11-30 黄旭东 一种空气变形纱的制备方法

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Application publication date: 20180420