CN107935189B - Process for treating domestic sewage by using algae microspheres - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and discloses a process for treating domestic sewage by utilizing algae microspheres, which comprises the following steps: the domestic sewage sequentially passes through a grating and a mud-water separator to remove solid matters, then enters an aeration tank for aeration, enters a sedimentation tank after 36-48h of aeration, the sedimentation time is 12-24h, the upper-layer liquid enters an acid-base adjusting tank, the pH of the liquid is adjusted to 7-7.5, and then enters a biological reaction tank, and the algae microspheres are mixed according to the ratio of 100: inoculating 1 ton of liquid into the liquid for 6-8 days, separating algae and water, and discharging the liquid. The method has the advantages of simple and convenient process operation, realization of the purpose of environment-friendly and green restoration, economy, high efficiency, environmental friendliness, low cost and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a process for treating domestic sewage by utilizing algae microspheres.
Background
The domestic sewage contains a large amount of organic matters and the like, and is generally characterized by high content of nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus, great harm to water resources and environmental pollution. There are many methods for treating the wastewater containing nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus, mainly physical treatment, chemical treatment and biological treatment. The physical treatment method is the simplest water treatment method, which recovers insoluble suspended pollutants in sewage through physical separation, and can only treat some simple sewage treatments, but the treatment is incomplete and difficult to reach the discharge standard; chemical treatment results in high drug consumption and large sludge amount; the biological treatment method is to dissolve pollutants in sewage through biological metabolism.
In recent years, with the development of biotechnology, people pay more and more attention to the sewage remediation by biological treatment. The biological treatment method has the advantages of no toxicity, no corrosiveness, strong environmental friendliness, convenient use, no need of adding equipment or engineering basically, and capital investment saving, and is widely accepted by enterprises. Currently, many researches are made on sewage treatment by using microbial inoculum, and some researches are made on sewage treatment by using algae, for example, chinese patent technology 201710430009 discloses an active phycomycete community for purifying domestic sewage, which achieves certain effects by treating sewage through synergistic effects of algae and fungi. Based on the requirement of environmental development, different types of biological agents are required to be developed to treat sewage. The applicant has studied the algae preparation according to the algae cultivation experience for many years.
The domestic sewage contains a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient substances required by the growth of algae, the sewage treatment and the large-scale culture of the algae are combined, the sewage can be discharged at low cost, the culture cost of the microalgae can be saved, and meanwhile, microalgae biomass also contains a lot of high-added-value products. At present, there are some reports about sewage treatment by algae, experimental researches on treatment of micro-polluted water by widmanroot and suspended algae, and 2008, researches on the removal characteristics of suspended algae on pollutants in urban river water, urban artificial lake water and urban secondary sewage treatment plant effluent; the research on nitrogen and phosphorus removal effects of immobilized algae such as Yinyubirong and the like, and the research on the removal effect of algae immobilization on nitrogen and phosphorus in artificially prepared sewage in 2009. The microalgae has good development prospect and advantages for treating sewage. However, factors such as high-concentration ammonia nitrogen and low transparency in the sewage are not beneficial to the growth of microalgae, and the ideal effect is often difficult to achieve by using single microalgae to treat the sewage; therefore, there is a need to develop efficient algae preparations for treating domestic sewage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process for treating domestic sewage by utilizing algae microspheres, which is simple and feasible, strong in environmental friendliness, good in treatment effect, low in cost and good in application prospect.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a process for treating domestic sewage by utilizing algae microspheres comprises the following steps:
the domestic sewage sequentially passes through a grating and a mud-water separator to remove solid matters, then enters an aeration tank for aeration, enters a sedimentation tank after 36-48h of aeration, the sedimentation time is 12-24h, the upper-layer liquid enters an acid-base adjusting tank, the pH of the liquid is adjusted to 7-7.5, and then enters a biological reaction tank, and the algae microspheres are prepared according to the weight ratio of 100 plus 200 g: inoculating 1 ton of liquid into the liquid for 6-8 days, separating algae and water, and discharging the liquid.
In particular, the amount of the solvent to be used,
the algae microsphere is prepared by the following process:
mixing the crescent moon algae concentrated solution, the scenedesmus obliquus concentrated solution and the falcate cellulose algae concentrated solution according to the volume ratio of 2-3:1-2:1-2 to obtain a mixed algae solution, then adding a sodium alginate aqueous solution with the concentration of 4wt% which accounts for one half of the volume of the mixed algae solution, urea with the concentration of 2wt% which accounts for 2% of the weight of the mixed algae solution and sodium bicarbonate with the weight of 4% of the weight of the mixed algae solution, stirring uniformly, then dropwise adding a calcium chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 2wt% which accounts for 2 times of the volume of the mixed algae solution, shaking while dropwise adding, standing for 9 hours after dropwise adding is finished, and preparing the algae microspheres with the diameter of 3 mm.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the preparation method of the crescent moon algae concentrated solution comprises the following steps: centrifuging at 7000rpm for 15min to remove supernatant, adding sterile water, and regulating density of algae cells to 3-4 × 107cell/mL to obtain a small crescent algae concentrated solution.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the preparation method of Scenedesmus obliquus comprises the following steps: centrifuging Scenedesmus obliquus at logarithmic growth phase at 5000rpm for 15min, removing supernatant, adding sterile water, and regulating density of algae cells to 2-3 × 107cell/mL to obtain Scenedesmus obliquus concentrated solution.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the preparation method of the fusarium sp comprises the following steps: centrifuging Fusarium cellulosum in logarithmic growth phase at 5000rpm for 10min, removing supernatant, adding sterile water, and adjusting density of algae cells to 0.5-1 × 107cell/mL to obtain a Fusarium shaped fiber algae concentrate.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the parameters of the biological reaction tank are as follows: the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the light-dark ratio is 12: 12, the illumination intensity is 5000-.
The algae of the present invention can be cultured by conventional methods to obtain algae solution with required concentration, which is not the innovation point of the present invention, is limited to space and is not repeated.
The advantages achieved by the present invention mainly include, but are not limited to, several aspects:
the process for treating domestic sewage is simple and convenient to operate, can achieve the purpose of environment-friendly and green restoration, and is economical, efficient, environment-friendly, low in cost and wide in application range;
in the process of preparing the algae microspheres, three kinds of algae are used, the compatibility is reasonable, and the algae has better synergistic effect, so that the removal capacity of COD, NH3-N, SS and TP in sewage is effectively improved;
after the algae is fixed, the growth and physiological characteristics of the algae are changed, and the absorption and enrichment efficiency of substances such as nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus and the like is improved;
according to the invention, the algae microspheres are combined by using a plurality of pore-forming agents, and the pore-forming mechanisms of different pore-forming agents are different, so that compared with the effect of a single pore-forming agent, the obtained pore structure is reasonable in size and uniform in distribution, and the number of the pore structures can be ensured;
the invention adopts the immobilization technology to position the algae cells in a limited space area, so that the immobilized algae can not only keep the metabolic activity of the immobilized algae, but also be recycled and reused after continuous reaction.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the influence of the treatment time on the sewage treatment effect.
Detailed Description
Those skilled in the art can modify the process parameters appropriately to achieve the desired results with reference to the disclosure herein. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. While the products and methods of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of skill in the art that variations and modifications, or appropriate alterations and combinations, of the products and methods described herein may be made and utilized without departing from the spirit, scope, and spirit of the invention. For a further understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the following examples.
Example 1
A process for treating domestic sewage by utilizing algae microspheres comprises the following steps:
domestic sewage sequentially passes through a grating and a mud-water separator to remove solid matters, then enters an aeration tank for aeration, enters a sedimentation tank after 36-hour aeration, the sedimentation time is 24 hours, upper-layer liquid enters an acid-base adjusting tank, the pH of the adjusting liquid is 7, and then enters a biological reaction tank, and algae microspheres are prepared according to the weight ratio of 100 g: inoculating 1 ton of liquid into the liquid, controlling the temperature at 25 ℃, and controlling the light-dark ratio at 12: 12, the illumination intensity is 5000LX, the treatment time is 8 days, and finally, algae-laden water separation is carried out to discharge liquid.
The algae microsphere is prepared by the following process:
1) centrifuging at 7000rpm for 15min to remove supernatant, adding sterile water, and adjusting density of algae cells to 4 × 107cell/mL to obtain a small crescent algae concentrated solution;
2) centrifuging Scenedesmus obliquus at 5000rpm for 15min, removing supernatant, adding sterile water, and regulating density of algae cells to 3 × 107Obtaining Scenedesmus obliquus concentrated solution by cell/mL;
3) centrifuging Fusarium cellulosum in logarithmic growth phase at 5000rpm for 10min, removing supernatant, adding sterile water, and adjusting density of algae cells to 1 × 107cell/mL to obtain a fusarium fiber algae concentrated solution;
4) mixing the crescent moon algae concentrated solution, the scenedesmus obliquus concentrated solution and the falcate fibroins concentrated solution according to the volume ratio of 3:2:2 to obtain a mixed algae solution, then adding a sodium alginate aqueous solution with the concentration of 4wt% which is one half of the volume of the mixed algae solution, urea with the concentration of 2wt% of the mixed algae solution and sodium bicarbonate with the concentration of 4wt% of the mixed algae solution, stirring uniformly, then dropwise adding a calcium chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 2wt% which is 2 times of the volume of the mixed algae solution, shaking while dropwise adding, and standing for 8h after dropwise adding is finished to obtain the algae microspheres with the diameter of 3 mm.
Example 2
A process for treating domestic sewage by utilizing algae microspheres comprises the following steps:
domestic sewage sequentially passes through a grating and a mud-water separator to remove solid matters, then enters an aeration tank for aeration, enters a sedimentation tank after 48 hours of aeration, the sedimentation time is 12 hours, upper-layer liquid enters an acid-base adjusting tank, the pH of the adjusting liquid is 7.5, and then enters a biological reaction tank, and algae microspheres are prepared according to the weight ratio of 200 g: inoculating 1 ton of liquid into the liquid, controlling the temperature at 28 ℃, and controlling the light-dark ratio at 12: 12, the illumination intensity is 10000LX, the treatment time is 6 days, and finally, algae-laden water separation is carried out to discharge liquid.
The algae microsphere is prepared by the following process:
1) centrifuging at 7000rpm for 15min to remove supernatant, adding sterile water, and adjusting density of algae cells to 3 × 107cell/mL to obtain a small crescent algae concentrated solution;
2) centrifuging Scenedesmus obliquus at 5000rpm for 15min, removing supernatant, adding sterile water, and regulating density of algae cells to 2 × 107Obtaining Scenedesmus obliquus concentrated solution by cell/mL;
3) centrifuging Fusarium cellulosum in logarithmic growth phase at 5000rpm for 10min, removing supernatant, adding sterile water, and adjusting density of algae cells to 0.5 × 107cell/mL to obtain a fusarium fiber algae concentrated solution;
4) mixing the crescent moon algae concentrated solution, the scenedesmus obliquus concentrated solution and the falcate fibroins concentrated solution according to the volume ratio of 2:1:1 to obtain a mixed algae solution, then adding a sodium alginate aqueous solution with the concentration of 4wt% which is one half of the volume of the mixed algae solution, urea with the concentration of 2wt% of the mixed algae solution and sodium bicarbonate with the concentration of 4wt% of the mixed algae solution, stirring uniformly, then dropwise adding a calcium chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 2wt% which is 2 times of the volume of the mixed algae solution, shaking while dropwise adding, and standing for 9h after dropwise adding is finished to obtain the algae microspheres with the diameter of 3 mm.
Example 3
A process for treating domestic sewage by utilizing algae microspheres comprises the following steps:
domestic sewage sequentially passes through a grating and a mud-water separator to remove solid matters, then enters an aeration tank for aeration, enters a sedimentation tank after 40 hours of aeration, the sedimentation time is 16 hours, upper-layer liquid enters an acid-base adjusting tank, the pH of the adjusting liquid is 7-7.5, and then enters a biological reaction tank, and the algae microspheres are prepared according to the weight ratio of 150 g: inoculating 1 ton of liquid into the liquid, controlling the temperature at 26 ℃, and controlling the light-dark ratio at 12: 12, the illumination intensity is 6000LX, the treatment time is 7 days, and finally, algae-laden water separation is carried out, and liquid is discharged.
The algae microsphere is prepared by the following process:
1) centrifuging at 7000rpm for 15min to remove supernatant, adding sterile water, and adjusting density of algae cells to 3 × 107cell/mL to obtain a small crescent algae concentrated solution;
2) centrifuging Scenedesmus obliquus at 5000rpm for 15min, removing supernatant, adding sterile water, and regulating density of algae cells to 3 × 107Obtaining Scenedesmus obliquus concentrated solution by cell/mL;
3) centrifuging Fusarium cellulosum in logarithmic growth phase at 5000rpm for 10min, removing supernatant, adding sterile water, and adjusting density of algae cells to 1 × 107cell/mL to obtain a fusarium fiber algae concentrated solution;
4) mixing the crescent moon algae concentrated solution, the scenedesmus obliquus concentrated solution and the falcate fibroins concentrated solution according to the volume ratio of 2:2:1 to obtain a mixed algae solution, then adding a sodium alginate aqueous solution with the concentration of 4wt% which is one half of the volume of the mixed algae solution, urea with the concentration of 2wt% of the mixed algae solution and sodium bicarbonate with the concentration of 4wt% of the mixed algae solution, stirring uniformly, then dropwise adding a calcium chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 2wt% which is 2 times of the volume of the mixed algae solution, shaking while dropwise adding, and standing for 9h after dropwise adding is finished to obtain the algae microspheres with the diameter of 3 mm.
Example 4
The sewage treatment effect of the invention is verified:
taking example 1 as an example, the indexes of main pollutants in the sewage before entering the biological reaction tank are as follows: COD 1186mg/L, BOD 978 mg/L, NH 3-N209 mg/L, SS 93mg/L, TP 87 mg/L;
and setting a control group, wherein the control group 1: the same as in example 1 except that closterium parvum is not added; control group 2: the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that Scenedesmus obliquus was not added; control group 3: the procedure of example 1 was repeated except that no Fusarium sp was added. After the treatment of each group, the detection results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Group of | Example 1 (mg/L) | Control group 1 (mg/L) | Control group 2 (mg/L) | Control group 3 (mg/L) |
| COD | 28.1 | 108.6 | 153.7 | 82.0 |
| BOD | 19.4 | 87.1 | 112.9 | 68.5 |
| NH3-N | 13.6 | 31.4 | 59.7 | 28.8 |
| SS | 10.3 | 26.8 | 34.5 | 21.4 |
| TP | 7.4 | 18.4 | 30.2 | 22.7 |
And (4) conclusion: as shown in Table 1, after the treatment of the example 1 and the comparison groups 1-3, the levels of pollutants such as COD, BOD, NH3-N, SS and TP in the domestic sewage are greatly reduced, and compared with the comparison groups, the sewage treatment capacity of the example 1 group is obviously superior to that of the comparison groups 1-3, which shows that the three kinds of algae of the example 1 group can symbiotically grow, are reasonably compatible and have better synergistic effect.
Example 5
The influence of the treatment time on the sewage treatment effect:
taking example 1 as an example, the indexes of main pollutants in the sewage before entering the biological reaction tank are as follows: COD 1186mg/L, BOD 978 mg/L, NH 3-N209 mg/L, SS 93mg/L, TP 87 mg/L; the indexes of each pollutant in the sewage are sampled and detected on the 2 nd day, the 4 th day, the 6 th day, the 8 th day and the 10 th day respectively, as shown in figure 1, each pollutant in the sewage is obviously reduced along with the increase of time, the reduction speed is slowed down from the 6 th day to the 8 th day, the pollution-free reduction is most obvious, then each pollutant index is improved to the 10 th day, and the reduction of the concentration possibly superior to that of the pollutant can not provide enough nutrients for algae, so that the algae is partially dead, and the water quality is reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A process for treating domestic sewage by utilizing algae microspheres comprises the following steps:
the domestic sewage sequentially passes through a grating and a mud-water separator to remove solid matters, then enters an aeration tank for aeration for 36-48h, then enters a sedimentation tank for sedimentation for 12-24h, the upper-layer liquid enters an acid-base regulation tank, the pH of the liquid is regulated to 7-7.5, and then enters a biological reaction tank, and the algae microspheres are mixed according to the ratio of 100: inoculating 1 ton of liquid into the liquid in a ratio of 6-8 days, separating algae and water, and discharging the liquid;
the algae microsphere is prepared by the following process:
mixing the crescent moon algae concentrated solution, the scenedesmus obliquus concentrated solution and the falcate fibroins concentrated solution according to the volume ratio of 2-3:1-2:1-2 to obtain a mixed algae solution, then adding a sodium alginate aqueous solution with the concentration of 4wt% which accounts for one half of the volume of the mixed algae solution, urea with the concentration of 2wt% which accounts for 2% of the weight of the mixed algae solution and sodium bicarbonate with the weight of 4% of the weight of the mixed algae solution, stirring uniformly, then dropwise adding a calcium chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 2wt% which accounts for 2 times of the volume of the mixed algae solution, shaking while dropwise adding, standing for 9 hours after dropwise adding is finished, and preparing the algae microspheres with the diameter of 3 mm;
the preparation method of the crescent moon algae concentrated solution comprises the following steps: centrifuging at 7000rpm for 15min to remove supernatant, adding sterile water, and regulating density of algae cells to 3-4 × 107cell/mL to obtain a small crescent algae concentrated solution;
the preparation method of Scenedesmus obliquus comprises the following steps: centrifuging Scenedesmus obliquus at logarithmic growth phase at 5000rpm for 15min, removing supernatant, adding sterile water, and regulating density of algae cells to 2-3 × 107Obtaining Scenedesmus obliquus concentrated solution by cell/mL;
preparation of the said Fusarium shaped fiber algaeThe preparation method comprises the following steps: centrifuging Fusarium cellulosum in logarithmic growth phase at 5000rpm for 10min, removing supernatant, adding sterile water, and adjusting density of algae cells to 0.5-1 × 107cell/mL to obtain a Fusarium shaped fiber algae concentrate.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the parameters of the biological reaction tank are: the temperature is 25-28 ℃, the light-dark ratio is 12: 12, the illumination intensity is 5000-.
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| Immobilized microalgae for removing pollutants: Review of practical aspects;de-Bashan LE等;《BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY》;20100331;第101卷(第6期);第1611-1627页 * |
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