CN107914563A - 用于机动车的动力传动设备以及用于运行动力传动设备方法 - Google Patents

用于机动车的动力传动设备以及用于运行动力传动设备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107914563A
CN107914563A CN201710933775.8A CN201710933775A CN107914563A CN 107914563 A CN107914563 A CN 107914563A CN 201710933775 A CN201710933775 A CN 201710933775A CN 107914563 A CN107914563 A CN 107914563A
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power set
transmission mechanism
train element
power
transmitting apparatus
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CN201710933775.8A
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CN107914563B (zh
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T·霍夫曼
K·加格尔
M·施特默
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Audi AG
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Audi AG
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • B60K17/046—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel with planetary gearing having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • B60K17/165—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing provided between independent half axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K25/02—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/089—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears all of the meshing gears being supported by a pair of parallel shafts, one being the input shaft and the other the output shaft, there being no countershaft involved
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
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    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
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    • F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • F16H3/728—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/04—Combinations of toothed gearings only
    • F16H37/042—Combinations of toothed gearings only change gear transmissions in group arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/065—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K2006/381—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4816—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox internal shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0061—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being parallel to the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K25/02—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft
    • B60K2025/022—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft by a mechanical transmission
    • B60K2025/024—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft by a mechanical transmission with variable ratio
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/088—Power split variators with summing differentials, with the input of the CVT connected or connectable to the input shaft
    • F16H2037/0886—Power split variators with summing differentials, with the input of the CVT connected or connectable to the input shaft with switching means, e.g. to change ranges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H2200/2005—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with one sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2007—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with two sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2033—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with one engaging means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H2200/2066—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes using one freewheel mechanism
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    • F16H2200/2079—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion using freewheel type mechanisms, e.g. freewheel clutches
    • F16H2200/2082—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion using freewheel type mechanisms, e.g. freewheel clutches one freewheel mechanisms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车的动力传动设备(1)，具有第一动力装置(7)、第二动力装置(8)和行星传动机构(9)，通过该行星传动机构能使第一动力装置(7)和第二动力装置(8)彼此联接并与动力传动设备(1)的输出轴(6)联接，第一动力装置(7)与行星传动机构(9)的第一传动机构元件(10)、第二动力装置(8)与第二传动机构元件(11)以及输出轴(6)与第三传动机构元件(12)联接或能联接。在此提出，行星传动机构(9)具有锁止接合装置(17)用于使第二传动机构元件(11)和第三传动机构元件(12)彼此联接，并能借助于制动装置(18)制动第一传动机构元件(10)。本发明还涉及一种用于运行机动车的动力传动设备(1)的方法。

Description

用于机动车的动力传动设备以及用于运行动力传动设备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车的动力传动设备，该动力传动设备具有构造为内燃机的第一动力装置、构造为电机的第二动力装置和行星传动机构，通过该行星传动机构能使第一动力装置和第二动力装置彼此联接并与动力传动设备的输出轴联接，第一动力装置与行星传动机构的第一传动机构元件联接或能联接、第二动力装置与行星传动机构的第二传动机构元件联接或能联接、输出轴与行星传动机构的第三传动机构元件联接或能联接，第一传动机构元件能借助于制动装置制动。
背景技术
动力传动设备用于驱动机动车，即提供用于驱动机动车的转矩。动力传动设备在动力传动设备的输出轴上提供也可以被称为驱动转矩的转矩。例如输出轴刚性地和/或永久性地与机动车的车桥或机动车的至少一个车轮作用连接，该至少一个车轮可以被配设给车桥。可以通过传动设备、例如差速传动机构、特别是中央差速器和/或车桥差速器在输出轴和车桥或车轮之间建立作用连接。
动力传动设备具有多个动力装置，即至少具有第一动力装置和第二动力装置。这两个动力装置原则上可以任意地配置。例如动力装置是不同的类型，因此动力传动设备设置为混合动力设备。在此第一动力装置例如可以是内燃机，而第二动力装置可以是电机。
另外，动力传动设备具有行星传动机构。通过该行星传动机构将第一动力装置、第二动力装置和输出轴彼此联接或至少能彼此联接。在此，第一动力装置、第二动力装置和输出轴连接至或能连接至行星传动机构的不同的传动机构元件。相对地，为每个传动机构元件都配设动力装置之一或输出轴。在此，第一动力装置与第一传动机构元件连接或能联接，第二动力装置与第二传动机构元件联接或能联接，输出轴与第三传动机构元件联接或能联接。该联接在此可以对于任意情况可选地例如刚性地和/或永久性地实现。
行星传动机构也可以被称为行星轮机构并优选配置为行星齿轮机构。第一动力装置和第二动力装置仅通过行星传动机构彼此联接或能彼此联接。此外优选提出，至少第二动力装置仅通过行星传动机构与输出轴联接或能联接。附加地或替代地，这种情况也可以被设置用于第一动力装置。
从文献DE 101 16 989 A1中已知一种用于作业机械的起动元件和变矩器，具有包括一个或多个行星机构的布置结构的能量回收装置，该布置结构布置在机械的驱动部分和机械的从动部分之间。在此提出，一个行星机构或多个行星机构的单个轴独立于在与蓄电器连接的电机系统中的其余的强制条件被制动或驱动，从而在驱动部分和从动部分之间实现转矩适配和转速适配。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是，提供一种用于机动车的动力传动设备，该动力传动设备相对于已知的动力传动设备具有优点、特别是具有高能效以及高灵活性的特征。
上述目的根据本发明通过具有权利要求1的特征的动力传动设备实现。在此提出，行星传动机构具有锁止接合装置，该锁止接合装置用于使第二传动机构元件和第三传动机构元件彼此联接。
通过锁止接合装置实现了第二传动机构元件与第三传动机构元件彼此的刚性的联接。在锁止接合装置断开的情况下，这两个传动机构元件彼此脱开，而在锁止接合装置接合时，这两个传动机构元件刚性地、即以不能相对转动的方式彼此连接。借助于锁止接合装置可以就此锁死行星传动机构。如果这两个传动机构元件、即第二传动机构元件和第三传动机构元件借助于锁止接合装置彼此联接，则行星传动机构以所谓的整体运行(Blockumlauf)的方式运行，其中传动机构元件具有相同的转速。特别是在整体运行中行星传动机构的所有的传动机构元件、即第一传动机构元件、第二传动机构元件以及第三传动机构元件具有相同的转速。
如果借助于锁止接合装置使第二传动机构元件和第三传动机构元件相对彼此固定，则可以单独借助于第二动力装置驱动输出轴，特别是在第一动力装置与行星传动机构脱开的情况下。为了使第一动力装置与行星传动机构脱开，在该第一动力装置与行星齿轮机构之间设置例如切换离合装置，该切换离合装置在用于机动车的动力传动设备中例如构造为起动离合装置。在切换离合装置断开的情况下，行星传动机构与第一动力装置脱开、特别是完全脱开。在切换离合装置至少部分地、特别是完全地接合时，在第一动力装置与行星传动机构或第一传动机构元件之间建立作用连接、优选刚性的作用连接。
在切换离合装置断开的情况下，仅在锁止接合装置接合的情况下，即当第二传动机构元件和第三传动机构元件彼此联接或相对彼此固定时，才能借助于第二动力装置驱动输出轴，这是因为由第二动力装置提供的、施加在第二传动机构元件上的转矩被行星传动机构分配到在第一传动机构元件上和第三传动机构元件上。就此由第二动力装置提供的转矩的仅一小部分传递到输出轴上。
因此，除了锁止接合装置，还设有制动装置。借助于该制动装置可以制动、优选可以完全制动、即可以固定行星传动机构的第一传动机构元件。优选使第一传动机构元件相对于行星传动机构或动力传动设备的设备壳体制动。如果借助于制动装置使得一传动机构元件制动或甚至完全固定，则由第二动力装置提供的转矩的较大部分或全部转矩都传递到输出轴上。
借助于制动装置和锁止接合装置在第二动力装置和输出轴之间可以实现两个不同的传动比，或者如果在行星传动机构和输出轴之间设有换挡传动装置，可以使由换挡传动装置提供的挡位或传动比翻倍。组合地设有锁止接合装置和制动装置相应地实现了动力传动设备的特别灵活的运行，特别是单独借助于第二动力装置通过行星传动机构在不同的传动比的情况下驱动输出轴。
本发明的另一实施方式提出，制动装置具有切换离合装置，借助于该切换离合装置可以使第一传动机构元件与第一动力装置联接，该第一动力装置被运行以用于制动第一传动机构元件。为了制动第一传动机构元件使该第一传动机构元件与第一动力装置联接，该第一动力装置如此运行，使得第一传动机构元件被制动。第一动力装置优选停止，即具有零转速。因此为了制动第一传动机构元件首先提供第一动力装置的拖拽转矩。
附加地或替代地提出，第一动力装置以机械方式固定，从而禁止第一动力装置的转动运动。可以例如力锁合、即摩擦力锁合或形锁合地实现第一动力装置的固定。特别是在此使第一动力装置的驱动轴、例如内燃机的曲轴相对于第一动力装置的设备壳体或曲轴箱固定。
在本发明的另一实施方式的范围内提出，制动装置具有单向离合器，该单向离合器允许第一传动机构元件沿第一转动方向的转动运动并禁止其沿与第一转动方向反向的第二转动方向的转动运动。如果借助于第二动力装置在锁止接合装置断开的情况下驱动输出轴，则根据上述实施方式转矩的一部分施加在第一传动机构元件上。该单向离合器如此设计，该单向离合器禁止第一传动机构元件的被该转矩引起的转动运动，该转动运动指向第一动力装置在常运行中的转动方向的反向。第一转动方向相应于第一动力装置在其运行期间的常规运行转动方向，而第二转动方向与第一转动方向反向。
本发明的一有利的实施方式提出，制动装置具有制动器和/或锁定装置。制动器或锁定装置可以替代于单向离合器存在。也可以提出，制动装置具有多个从单向离合器、制动器和锁定装置中选出的元件，即例如除了单向离合器还具有制动器和/或锁定装置。制动器实现了对第一传动机构元件力锁合地制动，而锁定装置形锁合地固定第一传动机构元件。优选地可以调节、特别是持续地调节制动器的制动作用，从而借助于制动器可以在第一传动机构元件上施加预期的制动力矩。
在本发明的一优选的实施方式中提出，单向离合器、制动器和/或锁定装置直接与第一传动机构元件联接或能通过切换离合装置与第一传动机构元件联接。在前者的情况下，单向离合器、制动器和/或锁定装置优选刚性地和/或永久性地与第一传动机构元件联接。在另外的情况下，可以通过切换离合装置建立在单向离合器、制动器和/或锁定装置与第一传动机构元件之间的作用连接，从而所述元件(即单向离合器、制动器和/或锁定装置)可以与第一传动机构元件联接。在此单向离合器、制动器或锁定装置例如刚性地和/或永久性地与第一动力装置或第一动力装置的驱动轴联接。
本发明的另一实施方式提出，第三传动机构元件通过换挡传动装置与输出轴联接或能联接。这种实施方式在上文中已经说明。换挡传动装置可以在第三传动机构元件和输出轴之间设定从多个挡位中选出的挡位或从多个传动比出选出的传动比。借助于换挡传动装置在第三传动机构元件和输出轴之间可以设定不同的传动比。
例如换挡传动装置可以设定从正好两个不同的传动比中选出的传动比。也可以实现更多的传动比数量。通过设置锁止接合装置以及制动装置可以使可借助于换挡传动装置实现的传动比的数量翻倍。
本发明的另外的改进方案提出，一另外的动力装置可以借助于一另外的切换离合装置与第一动力装置或输出轴联接，特别是在绕过行星传动机构的情况下。另外的动力装置可以构造为例如电机。另外的动力装置可以通过该另外的切换离合装置或者与第一动力装置或者与输出轴联接。通过另外的切换离合装置在另外的动力装置和第一动力装置或输出轴之间建立的作用连接优选不通过行星传动机构。
还可以提出，另外的动力装置可以借助于另外的切换离合装置与第一动力装置联接，并永久性地与输出轴联接，例如通过一另外的行星传动机构。在这种情况下，第一动力装置或者通过行星传动机构或通过另外的行星传动机构或通过两者与输出轴联接。还可以提出，另外的动力装置可以一方面借助于另外的切换离合装置与第一动力装置联接而另一方面通过单向离合器与另一装置、即输出轴联接，或者也可以是该另外的动力装置一方面借助于另外的切换离合装置与输出轴联接而另一方面通过单向离合器与另一装置、即第一动力装置联接。
在本发明的另一优选的实施方式中可以提出，另外的动力装置与动力传动设备的副传动单元的副传动轴联接或能联接。副传动单元优选集成到动力传动设备中，从而副传动单元或副传动单元的至少一个副装置可以能效特别高地运行，而同时可以灵活地使用动力传动设备，特别是在机动车的多个运行状态中。
特别是在动力装置和副传动单元之间可以实现相互作用。也就是说，可以选择性地借助于第一动力装置、另外的动力装置和/或借助于机动车的动能来驱动副传动单元或副传动单元的副传动轴。后者的情况可以通过副传动单元或副传动轴独立于第一动力装置连接在动力传动设备的输出轴上实现或至少可选地实现。
最后在本发明的另一优选的实施方式中提出，另外的动力装置可以借助于另外的切换离合装置与第一动力装置联接，另外的动力装置可以通过一另外的行星传动机构与输出轴联接，第一动力装置借助于另外的切换离合装置通过另外的动力装置在绕过行星传动机构的情况下与输出轴联接，其中副传动单元的副传动轴与另外的行星传动机构联接。
还可以提出，第一动力装置借助于另外的切换离合装置可以通过另外的动力装置与输出轴联接。例如另外的动力装置的驱动轴可以以不能相对转动的方式与第一动力装置的驱动轴联接，从而在切换离合装置接合时，第一动力装置和另外的动力装置的驱动轴具有基本相同的转速。在此还可以提出，在第一动力装置和另外的动力装置之间的作用连接中设置减振装置、例如双质量飞轮等。特别是在第一动力装置构造为内燃机的情况下存在减振装置。
特别优选地提出，第一动力装置可以借助于另外的切换离合装置通过另外的动力装置和另外的行星传动机构与输出轴联接。例如另外的行星传动机构或另外的行星传动机构的传动机构元件刚性地和/或永久性地与另外的动力装置联接，该另外的动力装置可以借助于另外的切换离合装置与第一动力装置联接。
另外可以提出，副传动单元的副传动轴与另外的行星传动机构联接。副传动单元在前一种情况下与另外的行星传动机构的至少一个传动机构元件作用连接，特别是刚性地和/或永久性地作用连接。也就是说，副传动单元或副传动轴持续具有与如下的传动机构元件相同的转速，该传动机构元件与该副传动单元或副传动轴联接。副传动轴优选通过另外的行星传动机构与另外的动力装置联接，特别是永久性地联接，或至少能联接。也就是说，副传动轴优选可以通过另外的行星传动机构和另外的切换离合装置与第一动力装置作用连接。
因此，可以既借助于第一动力装置又借助于另外的动力装置驱动副传动轴。因为另外的行星传动机构与动力传动设备的输出轴联接或至少能联接，还可以使用机动车的动能来驱动副传动轴并进而驱动副传动单元的至少一个副装置。
另外说明用于运行机动车的动力传动设备、特别是根据上述实施方式的动力传动设备的方法，其中动力传动设备具有第一动力装置、第二动力装置和行星传动机构，通过该行星传动机构可以使第一动力装置和第二动力装置彼此联接并与动力传动设备的输出轴联接，第一动力装置与行星传动机构的第一传动机构元件联接或能联接、第二动力装置与行星传动机构的第二传动机构元件联接或能联接、输出轴与行星传动机构的第三传动机构元件联接或能联接。在此提出，第二传动机构元件和第三传动机构元件可以借助于行星传动机构的锁止接合装置彼此联接，借助于制动装置可以制动第一传动机构元件。
动力传动设备的上述技术手段以及设计方案的优点在上文中已有说明。方法和动力传动设备可以根据上述实施方式改进，就此参照上述实施方式。
特别是如果实现了副传动单元的上述实施方案或连接，则可以提出，机动车的驻车制动通过同时建立第一动力装置与输出轴通过行星传动机构的作用连接以及二者通过另外的行星传动机构的作用连接来实现。就此，在不同的作用连接中在第一动力装置和输出轴之间存在彼此不同的传动比，以致输出轴被锁死。
附图说明
下面根据在附图中示出的实施例详细说明本发明，但不对本发明造成限制。
图1示出用于机动车的动力传动设备的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1示出用于机动车的动力传动设备1的示意图，该机动车在此未详细示出。动力传动设备1用于驱动机动车的车桥2，该车桥具有两个半轴3和4，这两个半轴通过传动装置5、特别是车桥差速器与动力传动设备1的输出轴6作用连接。优选为半轴3和4中的每个都配设机动车的至少一个未示出的车轮，或者说与该车轮刚性地和/或永久性地连接。
动力传动设备1具有第一动力装置7和第二动力装置8。这两个动力装置7和8可以通过行星传动机构9彼此联接。行星传动机构9具有第一传动机构元件10、第二传动机构元件11和第三传动机构元件12。至少一个行星轮13以可转动的方式支承在第三传动机构元件12上，该第三传动机构就此构造为行星架。
第一传动机构元件10和第二传动机构元件11通过行星轮13彼此作用连接。为此行星轮13的齿部优选与第一传动机构元件10的齿部和第二传动机构元件11的齿部啮合。在此处示出的实施例中，第一传动机构元件10构造为太阳轮，第二传动机构元件11构造为齿圈。也可以构造为相反的配置方式。
第一动力装置7能与第一传动机构元件10联接，而第二动力装置8与第二传动机构元件11联接、特别是刚性地和/或永久性地联接。在第一动力装置7和第一传动机构元件10之间设置有切换离合装置14，在切换离合装置14的第一切换位置中第一动力装置7与第一传动机构元件10脱开，在第二切换位置中第一动力装置7与第一传动机构元件10联接、优选同样刚性地和/或永久性地联接。可以为第一动力装置7配设减振装置15，该减振装置例如设计为双质量飞轮。
行星传动机构9的第三传动机构元件12通过换挡传动装置16与输出轴6联接。输出轴6在此构造为换挡传动装置16的传出轴的形式，或至少局部地由该传出轴形成输出轴6。换挡传动装置16实现在第三传动机构元件12和输出轴6之间设定至少两个不同的传动比。
行星传动机构9具有锁止接合装置17，借助于该锁止接合装置可以使第二传动机构元件11和第三传动机构元件12彼此联接。在锁止接合装置17的第一切换位置中，第一传动机构元件11和第二传动机构元件12彼此联接或仅通过行星轮13彼此作用连接。在第二切换位置中，传动机构元件11和12相对彼此固定，特别是刚性地或以不能相对转动的方式固定。在锁止接合装置17接合时，即使在切换离合装置14断开的情况下也可以仅借助于第二动力装置8通过行星传动机构9驱动输出轴6，但是通常仅以微小的转矩进行驱动。
为了以更高的转矩和/或在切换离合装置14断开的情况下实现驱动，设有制动装置18，该制动装置被构造为用于制动第一传动机构元件10，特别是用于固定或锁死第一传动机构元件10。制动装置18可以包括例如切换离合装置14。如果是这种情况，则可以借助于相应运行的第一动力装置7制动第一传动机构元件10。
通过行星传动机构9传递到输出轴6上的转矩取决于第一动力装置7、特别是取决于拖拽转矩。由此优选提出，制动装置18具有单向离合器19、单向离合器20、制动器21和/或锁定装置22。原则上这些装置之一就足够了，因此制动装置18具有单向离合器19或单向离合器20或制动器21或锁定装置22。也可以设有这些装置中的多个或所有这些装置。例如设置单向离合器19或20之一与制动器21或锁定装置22的组合。
单向离合器19允许第一动力装置7的驱动轴23沿第一转动方向的转动运动，并禁止其沿与第一转动方向反向的第二转动方向的转动运动。相对地，单向离合器20允许第一传动机构元件10沿第一转动方向的转动运动，并禁止其沿与第一转动方向反向的第二转动方法的转动运动。借助于单向离合器19可以使第一传动机构元件10仅在切换离合装置14接合的情况下制动或被固定，即沿第二转动方向被制动或被固定。而单向离合器20使第一传动机构元件10独立于切换离合装置14的切换位置沿第二转动方向固定。
制动器21优选实现了确定的制动力或确定的制动转矩的设定，该制动器将确定的制动力或确定的制动转矩施加在第一传动机构元件10上。该制动器优选力锁合地工作。而锁定装置22优选用于形锁合地固定第一传动机构元件10。借助于制动装置18，即使在锁止接合装置17断开的情况下也能单独借助于第二动力装置8驱动输出轴，这是因为作用在第一传动机构元件10上的转矩由制动装置18支撑。也就是说，借助于行星传动机构9可以在第二动力装置8和输出轴6之间设定多个传动比，或可以将借助于换挡传动装置16设定的传动比的数量加倍。
另外，动力传动设备1可以具有一另外的动力装置24。该另外的动力装置可以借助于另外的切换离合装置25与第一动力装置7联接。这种情况通过箭头26简略示出。动力装置24通过一另外的行星传动机构27与输出轴6联接或能联接。这种情况通过箭头28简略示出。另外，该另外的动力装置24可以与动力传动设备1的副传动单元30的副传动轴29联接或能联接。
该另外的行星传动机构27具有第一传动机构元件31、第二传动机构元件32以及第三传动机构元件33。至少一个行星轮34以可转动的方式支承在第三传动机构元件33上，通过该第三传动机构单元使第一传动机构元件31与第二传动机构元件32彼此联接。为此，行星轮34的齿部既与第一传动机构元件31的齿部啮合，又与第二传动机构元件32的齿部啮合。第一传动机构元件31在此构造为齿圈的形式，第二传动机构元件32构造为太阳轮的形式，第三传动机构元件33构造为行星架的形式。
第一传动机构元件31优选刚性地与另外的动力装置24联接。第二传动机构元件32与副传动轴29联接、优选刚性地和/或永久性地联接。第三传动机构元件33与输出轴6联接，特别是可以刚性地和/或永久性地与输出轴6联接。此外可以为行星传动机构27配设锁止接合装置35，借助于该锁止接合装置可以使第二传动机构元件32和第三传动机构元件33相对彼此固定。在锁止接合装置35的第一切换位置中，因此使第二传动机构元件32和第三传动机构元件33彼此脱开，而在第二切换位置中使二者彼此联接，优选刚性地联接。
特别优选地提出，借助于另外的动力装置24进行副传动轴29的转速调节。为此优选地，该另外的动力装置24与第一动力装置7脱开或将另外的切换离合装置25断开、特别是完全断开。另外，锁止接合装置35断开，从而传动机构元件32和33相对彼此释放，即不再彼此联接。例如构造为，将副传动轴29与输出轴6联接，以及如果机动车处于运动中，则相应地以机动车的动能驱动副传动轴。当然，所述方法也可以在机动车的静止状态中应用。
在锁止接合装置35断开的情况下，根据输出轴6的转速和另外的动力装置24的转速设定副传动轴29的转速。因此，如此选择和设定另外的动力装置24的转速，使得副传动轴29的转速独立于输出轴6的转速而对应于规定转速。因此，例如可以借助于另外的动力装置24特别是在输出轴6转速变化的情况下使副传动轴29的转速保持恒定或将副传动轴29的转速设定、特别是调节为规定转速。
在输出轴6的静止状态下，全部施加在副传动轴29上的功率由另外的动力装置24提供。输出轴6的转速越高，则在副传动轴29的转速保持不变时由输出轴6提供的施加在副传动轴29上的功率的比例也越高。而由另外的动力装置24提供的比例越小。
附加地或替代地，输出轴6通过另外的行星传动机构27与第一动力装置7联接，特别是以不能相对转动的方式联接。为此例如将切换离合装置25和锁止接合装置35接合，特别是完全接合。在此，优选将切换离合装置14断开，但也可以在切换离合装置14接合的情况下通过另外的行星传动机构27使输出轴6与第一动力装置7联接。本技术手段可以与借助于制动装置18对第一传动机构元件10的制动无关地实现，特别是与存在单向离合器19和20中的一个或多个无关。
以这种方式，例如可以在输出轴6上提供第一动力装置7的拖拽转矩，特别是用于制动输出轴6，进而制动机动车。例如当第二动力装置8特别是由于蓄能器充满而不再能用于再生运行时，可以使用这种方法。蓄能器通常用作由第二动力装置8在再生期间提供的电能的中间存储器。如果蓄能器完全充满或具有大于最大荷电状态的荷电状态，则第一动力装置7以所述的方式用于制动输出轴6。
动力传动设备1或副传动单元30的实施方式以所述方式实现了动力传动设备1的特别灵活和高能效的运行。通过设置制动装置18，即使仅借助于第二动力装置8通过行星传动机构9驱动输出轴6，也可以在第二动力装置8和输出轴6之间实现相对更多的传动比。
在此处示出的具有副传动单元30的实施方式还实现了动力传动设备1的如下运行方式，其中借助于第二动力装置8通过行星传动机构9在切换离合装置14断开的情况下驱动输出轴6，其中通过相应地调节锁止接合装置17在第二动力装置8和输出轴6之间设定多个传动比中的一个。
附加地提出，借助于第一动力装置7驱动输出轴6，即通过另外的行星传动机构27。为此断开切换离合装置14，接合另外的切换离合装置25。通过相应地调节锁止接合装置35也可以在第一动力装置7和输出轴6之间设定多个传动比中的一个。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于机动车的动力传动设备(1)，具有构造为内燃机的第一动力装置(7)、构造为电机的第二动力装置(8)和行星传动机构(9)，通过该行星传动机构能使第一动力装置(7)和第二动力装置(8)彼此联接并与动力传动设备(1)的输出轴(6)联接，第一动力装置(7)与行星传动机构(9)的第一传动机构元件(10)联接或能联接；第二动力装置(8)与行星传动机构的第二传动机构元件(11)联接或能联接；输出轴(6)与行星传动机构的第三传动机构元件(12)联接或能联接，第一传动机构元件(10)能借助于制动装置(18)制动，其特征在于，行星传动机构(9)具有锁止接合装置(17)，该锁止接合装置用于使第二传动机构元件(11)和第三传动机构元件(12)彼此联接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的动力传动设备，其特征在于，制动装置(18)具有单向离合器(19、20)，该单向离合器允许第一传动机构元件(10)沿第一转动方向的转动运动并且禁止该第一传动机构元件沿与第一转动方向反向的第二转动方向的转动运动。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力传动设备，其特征在于，制动装置(18)具有制动器(21)和/或锁定装置(22)。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的动力传动设备，其特征在于，单向离合器(19、20)、制动器(21)或锁定装置(22)直接与第一传动机构元件(10)联接或能通过切换离合装置(14)与该第一传动机构元件联接。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力传动设备，其特征在于，第三传动机构元件(12)通过换挡传动装置(16)与输出轴(6)联接或能联接。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力传动设备，其特征在于，一另外的动力装置(24)能借助于一另外的切换离合装置(25)与第一动力装置(7)或输出轴(6)联接，特别是在绕过行星传动机构(9)的情况下。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力传动设备，其特征在于，所述另外的动力装置(24)与动力传动设备(1)的副传动单元(30)的副传动轴(29)联接或能联接。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的动力传动设备，其特征在于，所述另外的动力装置(24)能借助于另外的切换离合装置(25)与第一动力装置(7)联接，所述另外的动力装置(24)能通过一另外的行星传动机构(27)与输出轴(6)联接，第一动力装置(7)能借助于所述另外的切换离合装置(25)通过所述另外的动力装置(24)在绕过行星传动机构(9)的情况下与输出轴(6)联接，副传动单元(30)的副传动轴(29)与所述另外的行星传动机构(27)联接。
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