CN107913974B - Precoated sand for steel casting and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Precoated sand for steel casting and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107913974B CN107913974B CN201711278545.9A CN201711278545A CN107913974B CN 107913974 B CN107913974 B CN 107913974B CN 201711278545 A CN201711278545 A CN 201711278545A CN 107913974 B CN107913974 B CN 107913974B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/167—Mixtures of inorganic and organic binding agents
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Abstract
The invention relates to precoated sand for steel castings and preparation thereofThe method comprises the following steps of: 1000 parts of quartz sand, 50-120 parts of chromite sand, 0.5-0.8 part of silica sol, 1-1.5 parts of silane coupling agent, 9-20 parts of phenolic resin, 0.9-3 parts of curing agent, 1-5 parts of lubricant and 10-20 parts of additive; SiO in the quartz sand2The content is more than or equal to 99 percent. The high-purity quartz sand is supplemented with chromite sand, so that the strength is high at high temperature; the use of the graphite powder and the lubricant ensures that the produced steel casting has high surface smoothness and can be used without processing, thereby greatly saving the production cost; the use of the silane coupling agent and the silica sol optimizes the technical indexes of the precoated sand, such as strength, ignition loss, gas evolution and the like; the use of silica sol and graphite powder enhances the smoothness of the steel casting and improves the yield of the casting. According to the preparation method of the precoated sand for the steel casting, the preparation process is set according to specific component components, and the obtained precoated sand meets the standard of the precoated sand for the steel casting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of casting, and particularly relates to precoated sand for a steel casting and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The performance of the cast steel is better than that of common cast iron, the cast steel has high strength, strong fatigue resistance, good corrosion resistance and long service life, so that the application of the cast steel on high-performance parts is more and more extensive in industrial application, the quality requirement of the cast steel is higher and higher, and the total yield of the cast steel in China reaches 150 ten thousand tons by 2016.
However, in the casting process of the steel casting, because the melting point of the cast steel is high, the corresponding casting temperature is also high and reaches 1500-.
At present, a certain amount of precious pearl sand is added into a casting mould material for casting steel castings as refractory aggregate. The Baozhu sand is also called as electric melting ceramsite sand, and is spherical artificial casting sand with high heat resistance and low thermal expansion, which is obtained by using natural bauxite as a raw material, spraying the bauxite of high alumina in a molten state, recrystallizing, granulating and screening the bauxite.
However, the prior art has the problems that the cost for producing the casting mould material by using the Baozhu sand is high, the price of the Baozhu sand is more than 10 times of that of quartz sand, and a plurality of domestic casting manufacturers are difficult to accept; the Baozhu sand has high production energy consumption and pollutes the environment, and the main bauxite resources in China are mainly concentrated in Henan province and are in the limited mining period at present; in addition, the production process of the Baozhu sand is to melt bauxite by high pressure and blow the bauxite into granules by high pressure air, and the process has high energy consumption, severe operation environment and much dust, and is easy for operation workers to get pneumoconiosis, which is listed as a key prevention object by the state.
Under the above circumstances, it is important to develop a new mold material as a substitute for the mold material containing the precious sand.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide precoated sand for steel casting, which does not use precious pearl sand, and achieves the technical effects of low cost and good use effect.
The invention further aims to provide a preparation method of the precoated sand.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides precoated sand for a steel casting, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of quartz sand, 50-120 parts of chromite sand, 0.5-0.8 part of silica sol, 1-1.5 parts of silane coupling agent, 9-20 parts of phenolic resin, 0.9-3 parts of curing agent, 1-5 parts of lubricant and 10-20 parts of additive;
SiO in the quartz sand2The content is more than or equal to 99 percent.
The precoated sand for the steel casting has good fluidity and high strength, does not have obvious melting reaction with the steel casting at the casting temperature of 1500-1700 ℃, has high degree of finish of the steel casting of the casting mold, has less consumption, can reduce the cost and is more convenient for the operation of the casting mold.
According to the precoated sand for the steel casting, the solid content of the silica sol is 25-30%. The silica sol has low viscosity, good dispersibility and good permeability, can be well dispersed and attached to the surface of an object, and silica sol particle parts form silicon-oxygen bond combination, so that the silica sol has good cohesiveness, and the addition of the silica sol not only forms a spatial network structure and has excellent cohesiveness, but also enhances the strength of the precoated sand, and the comprehensive use performance of the casting mold precoated sand is more excellent.
According to the precoated sand for the steel casting, the pH value of the silica sol is 9-10, the particle diameter of the silica sol is 40-50nm, the best reinforcing effect of the silica sol can be ensured, the fluctuation of the structural stability of the silica sol along with the temperature change is minimum, and the use stability of the precoated sand at different temperatures is favorably maintained. When the silica sol has a pH of 9 to 10, the phenol resin is preferably an alkaline phenol resin.
According to the precoated sand for the steel casting, the curing agent is a urotropine aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 30-50%.
According to the precoated sand for the steel castings, the lubricant is calcium stearate.
According to the precoated sand for the steel castings, the additive is a mixture of scaly graphite powder and mullite powder in a weight ratio of 1: 2-5. In order to ensure that graphite can be continuously and uniformly coated on the surface of the steel casting precoated sand, the toughness of the steel casting precoated sand core is enhanced, and further the scouring resistance to high-temperature molten steel is enhanced, the graphite powder is flaky graphite powder and is lubricated, the flowability of the precoated sand is improved, and the prepared sand core is more compact; in addition, the addition of the mullite powder is combined with the quartz sand to play a role in assisting in enhancing the use strength, and the scaly graphite powder and the mullite powder are combined in a specific ratio to serve as additives, so that the toughness and the use strength of the precoated sand for the steel casting can be enhanced, and the scouring resistance and molten steel corrosion resistance of the precoated sand for the steel casting to high-temperature molten steel at high temperature are enhanced.
According to the precoated sand for the steel casting, the particle size of the flaky graphite powder is 500-600 meshes, and the particle size of the mullite powder is 180-250 meshes.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the precoated sand for the steel casting, which comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing quartz sand and chromite sand, and heating the mixed raw materials to 160-200 ℃;
(2) adding phenolic resin, silica sol and a silane coupling agent into the continuously stirred mixture obtained in the step (1) and mixing;
(3) adding a curing agent into the mixture obtained in the step (2) and mixing;
(4) adding the lubricant and the additive into the mixture obtained in the step (3) for mixing;
(5) and (4) screening the mixture obtained in the step (4) to remove oversize particles, and then cooling to obtain the precoated sand for the steel casting.
According to the preparation method of the precoated sand for the steel casting, in the step (2), when the phenolic resin is added, the temperature of the mixture in the step (1) is 120-150 ℃; in the step (3), when the curing agent is added, the temperature of the mixture in the step (2) is 80-90 ℃; in the step (4), when the lubricant and the additive are added, the temperature of the mixture in the step (3) is 70-80 ℃. The limitation of the mixing temperature can ensure that the phenolic resin has proper fluidity and the film is uniformly coated at proper temperature, ensures that the curing agent is matched with the phenolic resin at proper temperature to play a good curing role, has better preparation effect of the coated sand, and ensures that the preparation efficiency by adding the lubricant and the additive after cooling to 70-80 ℃ and the lubricant and the additive can be well dispersed among the mixed sand materials before the step (4) to play good lubricating and polishing roles after being used.
According to the preparation method of the precoated sand for the steel castings, in the step (2), the mixing time is 20-30 seconds; in the step (3), the mixing time is 40-50 seconds; in step (4), the mixing time is 15 to 20 seconds.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides precoated sand for a steel casting, which takes high-purity quartz sand as a raw material and chromite sand as an auxiliary material, has high strength at high temperature, and the joint use of graphite powder and a lubricant ensures that the precoated sand is not easy to be bonded with molten steel, so that the obtained steel casting has high surface smoothness, and the casting can be used without processing, and a large amount of metal and processing cost are greatly saved; the combined use of the silane coupling agent and the silica sol strengthens the strength of the precoated sand, optimizes the technical indexes such as ignition reduction, gas evolution and the like, and enhances the smoothness of a steel casting and improves the yield of the casting due to the use of the silica sol, the graphite powder and the like.
According to the preparation method of the precoated sand for the steel casting, provided by the invention, the preparation process is set according to specific component components, the addition sequence is determined, the obtained precoated sand is uniformly mixed with all the components, and the indexes of the precoated sand, such as strength, ignition loss, gas generation amount, fluidity and the like, meet the standard of a steel casting material, so that the precoated sand is used instead of the precoated sand taking Baozhu sand as a raw material, and the production cost of a casting mold is greatly reduced.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The following examples are given in 1 part to 1 kg.
Example 1
The precoated sand for the steel castings comprises the following components in parts by weight: 900 parts of quartz sand, 120 parts of chromite sand, 0.5 part of silica sol, 1.5 parts of silane coupling agent, 9 parts of alkaline phenolic resin, 3 parts of curing agent, 1 part of lubricant and 20 parts of additive;
SiO in the quartz sand2The content is more than or equal to 99 percent;
the solid content of the silica sol is 25%, the particle diameter of the silica sol is 40-50nm, and the pH value is 10;
the curing agent is a urotropine aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 30%;
the lubricant is calcium stearate;
the additive is a mixture of scaly graphite powder and mullite powder in a weight ratio of 1: 5;
the grain diameter of the flaky graphite powder is 500 meshes, and the grain diameter of the mullite powder is 250 meshes.
The preparation method of the precoated sand for the steel casting comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing quartz sand and chromite sand, and heating the mixed raw materials to 160 ℃;
(2) continuously stirring the mixture obtained in the step (1) when the temperature of the mixture is 150 ℃, and simultaneously adding and mixing the alkaline phenolic resin, the silica sol and the silane coupling agent for 20 seconds;
(3) when the temperature of the mixture obtained in the step (2) is 90 ℃, adding a curing agent and mixing for 40 seconds;
(4) when the temperature of the mixture obtained in the step (3) is 80 ℃, adding the lubricant and the additive and mixing for 15 seconds;
(5) and (4) screening the mixture obtained in the step (4) to remove oversize particles, and then cooling to obtain the steel casting precoated sand.
Example 2
The precoated sand for the steel castings comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of quartz sand, 50 parts of chromite sand, 0.8 part of silica sol, 1 part of silane coupling agent, 20 parts of alkaline phenolic resin, 0.9 part of curing agent, 5 parts of lubricant and 10 parts of additive;
SiO in the quartz sand2The content is more than or equal to 99 percent;
the solid content of the silica sol is 30%, the particle diameter of the silica sol is 40-50nm, and the pH value is 9;
the curing agent is a urotropine aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 50%;
the lubricant is calcium stearate;
the additive is a mixture of scaly graphite powder and mullite powder in a weight ratio of 1: 2;
the grain diameter of the flaky graphite powder is 600 meshes, and the grain diameter of the mullite powder is 180 meshes.
The preparation method of the precoated sand for the steel casting comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing quartz sand and chromite sand, and heating the mixed raw materials to 200 ℃;
(2) continuously stirring the mixture obtained in the step (1) when the temperature of the mixture is 120 ℃, and simultaneously adding and mixing the alkaline phenolic resin, the silica sol and the silane coupling agent for 30 seconds;
(3) when the temperature of the mixture obtained in the step (2) is 80 ℃, adding a curing agent and mixing for 50 seconds;
(4) when the temperature of the mixture obtained in the step (3) is 70 ℃, adding the lubricant and the additive and mixing for 20 seconds;
(5) and (4) screening the mixture obtained in the step (4) to remove oversize particles, and then cooling to obtain the steel casting precoated sand.
Example 3
The precoated sand for the steel castings comprises the following components in parts by weight: 950 parts of quartz sand, 80 parts of chromite sand, 0.6 part of silica sol, 1.2 parts of silane coupling agent, 10 parts of alkaline phenolic resin, 2 parts of curing agent, 2 parts of lubricant and 15 parts of additive;
SiO in the quartz sand2The content is more than or equal to 99 percent;
the solid content of the silica sol is 28%, the particle diameter of the silica sol is 40-50nm, and the pH value is 9;
the curing agent is a urotropine aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 40%;
the lubricant is calcium stearate;
the additive is a mixture of scaly graphite powder and mullite powder in a weight ratio of 1: 4;
the grain diameter of the flaky graphite powder is 525 meshes, and the grain diameter of the mullite powder is 200 meshes.
The preparation method of the precoated sand for the steel casting comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing quartz sand and chromite sand, and heating the mixed raw materials to 180 ℃;
(2) continuously stirring the mixture obtained in the step (1) when the temperature of the mixture is 140 ℃, and simultaneously adding and mixing the alkaline phenolic resin, the silica sol and the silane coupling agent for 25 seconds;
(3) when the temperature of the mixture obtained in the step (2) is 85 ℃, adding a curing agent and mixing for 45 seconds;
(4) when the temperature of the mixture obtained in the step (3) is 72 ℃, adding the lubricant and the additive and mixing for 18 seconds;
(5) and (4) screening the mixture obtained in the step (4) to remove oversize particles, and then cooling to obtain the steel casting precoated sand.
Table 1 shows the performance indexes of the precoated sand for steel castings obtained in example 3 of the present invention compared with those of ordinary silica sand precoated sand and special precoated sand prepared from baozhu sand. The steel casting precoated sand of embodiment 3 of the invention has no difference with the special steel casting precoated sand in strength, high temperature resistance time and the like, and the yield is obviously increased compared with the common precoated sand and is close to the special steel casting precoated sand; compared with the precoated sand for special steel castings, the precoated sand provided by the invention has the advantages that the cost is obviously reduced, and the current national policy of energy reduction and emission reduction is completely met.
TABLE 1
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The precoated sand for the steel castings is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of quartz sand, 50-120 parts of chromite sand, 0.5-0.8 part of silica sol, 1-1.5 parts of silane coupling agent, 9-20 parts of phenolic resin, 0.9-3 parts of curing agent, 1-5 parts of lubricant and 10-20 parts of additive;
SiO in the quartz sand2The content is more than or equal to 99 percent;
the additive is a mixture of scaly graphite powder and mullite powder in a weight ratio of 1: 2-5.
2. The precoated sand for steel castings according to claim 1, wherein the solid content of the silica sol is 25% to 30%, and the particle diameter of the silica sol is 40 to 50 nm.
3. The precoated sand for steel castings according to claim 1, wherein the silica sol has a pH value of 9 to 10.
4. The precoated sand for steel castings according to claim 1, wherein the curing agent is 30-50% by mass of an aqueous solution of urotropin.
5. The precoated sand for steel castings according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant is calcium stearate.
6. The precoated sand for steel castings according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the flaky graphite powder is 500-600 mesh, and the particle size of the mullite powder is 180-250 mesh.
7. The method for preparing precoated sand for steel castings according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) uniformly mixing quartz sand and chromite sand, and heating the mixed raw materials to 160-200 ℃;
(2) adding phenolic resin, silica sol and a silane coupling agent into the continuously stirred mixture obtained in the step (1) and mixing;
(3) adding a curing agent into the mixture obtained in the step (2) and mixing;
(4) adding the lubricant and the additive into the mixture obtained in the step (3) for mixing;
(5) and (5) cooling the mixture obtained in the step (4) to obtain the precoated sand for the steel casting.
8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, in the step (2), when the phenolic resin is added, the temperature of the mixture in the step (1) is 120-150 ℃; in the step (3), when the curing agent is added, the temperature of the mixture in the step (2) is 80-90 ℃; in the step (4), when the lubricant and the additive are added, the temperature of the mixture in the step (3) is 70-80 ℃.
9. The production method according to claim 8, wherein in the step (2), the mixing time is 20 to 30 seconds; in the step (3), the mixing time is 40-50 seconds; in step (4), the mixing time is 15 to 20 seconds.
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| CN108526386A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-09-14 | 西峡县众德汽车部件有限公司 | Spherical silica sand and ceramic sand compound film laminating sand and preparation method thereof |
| CN108543917B (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2019-11-26 | 南阳飞龙汽车零部件有限公司 | A method of solving heat resisting steel product cavity defect |
| CN109465383A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-15 | 合肥江淮铸造有限责任公司 | A kind of engine casting dedicated core sand of cylinder body |
| CN109332576A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-02-15 | 北京仁创砂业科技有限公司 | A kind of casting high silicon precoated sand of high temperature resistant and preparation method thereof |
| CN110216237B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2020-12-29 | 盐城仁创砂业科技有限公司 | Additive for steel casting precoated sand and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110434278B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-12-15 | 合肥仁创铸造材料有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant, low-gas-generation, low-expansion and easy-collapsibility precoated sand and preparation method thereof |
| CN112589042A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-02 | 含山县朝霞铸造有限公司 | Additive for steel casting precoated sand and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112775390A (en) * | 2020-12-19 | 2021-05-11 | 郑州煤机格林材料科技有限公司 | Mixed sand process replacing pure chromium ore sand |
| CN114367626B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-10-20 | 天阳新材料科技有限公司 | Anti-deformation precoated sand and preparation method thereof |
| CN114425595A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-03 | 西峡县内燃机进排气管有限责任公司 | Production process method of coating-free precoated sand for cast steel |
| CN114367627B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2024-05-28 | 天阳新材料科技有限公司 | Precoated sand for impeller and preparation method thereof |
| CN114367629B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-08-29 | 天阳新材料科技有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant precoated sand and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1175947C (en) * | 2000-06-13 | 2004-11-17 | 秦升益 | Preparation process of heat resisting film-coating sand |
| CN102921878B (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2015-02-18 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Precoated sand and preparation method thereof |
| CN104772426A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2015-07-15 | 天津中联金属制品有限公司 | High temperature-resistant precoated sand |
| CN105945206B (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2019-01-22 | 无锡市嘉邦电力管道厂 | A kind of precoated sand resistant to high temperature |
| CN105964907A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-09-28 | 安徽省含山县林头振皖铸造厂 | Hot-core box precoated sand casting technology of motor end cover |
| CN107262662B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2020-01-21 | 柳州市柳晶科技股份有限公司 | Super high temperature resistant cast steel precoated sand |
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Effective date of registration: 20200210 Address after: 474350, Henan, Nanyang province Neixiang County East Town Industrial Zone Patentee after: Nanyang Renchuang Sand Technology Co Ltd Address before: 100089 B510 room B, seat B510, No. 9, Sanjie, Shanghai, Beijing Patentee before: BEIJING RECHSAND SAND INDUSTRY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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