CN114425595A - Production process method of coating-free precoated sand for cast steel - Google Patents
Production process method of coating-free precoated sand for cast steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN114425595A CN114425595A CN202111624929.8A CN202111624929A CN114425595A CN 114425595 A CN114425595 A CN 114425595A CN 202111624929 A CN202111624929 A CN 202111624929A CN 114425595 A CN114425595 A CN 114425595A
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- sand
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
- B22C1/10—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives for influencing the hardening tendency of the mould material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/20—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents
- B22C1/22—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents of resins or rosins
- B22C1/2233—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents of resins or rosins obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- B22C1/2246—Condensation polymers of aldehydes and ketones
- B22C1/2253—Condensation polymers of aldehydes and ketones with phenols
Abstract
The invention provides a production process method of coating-free precoated sand for cast steel, belonging to the technical field of precoated sand. A new precoated sand refractory material comprises quartz sand, ceramsite sand and chromite sand, wherein phenolic resin is used as a binder, urotropine aqueous solution is used as a curing agent, and calcium stearate is used as a lubricant; the coating-free precoated sand is produced by using a hot-method precoated production process and adjusting the heating temperature, the adding amount of the phenolic resin, the urotropine aqueous solution and the calcium stearate, the feeding time and the like. The invention can cancel the procedure of dipping the coating on the precoated sand core of cast steel, achieve the effects of improving the production efficiency and the surface smoothness of the casting, and solve the problems of the refractoriness of the precoated sand for cast steel and the dipping of the coating on the surface of the sand core.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of precoated sand, in particular to a production process method of paint-free precoated sand for cast steel.
Background
The precoated sand mainly comprises a refractory material, a binder, a curing agent and a lubricant, has the advantages of proper strength, good fluidity, good surface quality of a sand core, good collapsibility, strong moisture absorption resistance of the sand core and the like, can be suitable for producing steel metal castings and nonferrous alloy castings, and is an optimal raw material for producing automobile castings. The steel casting has high pouring temperature, low refractoriness of common silica sand, easy expansion and deformation at high temperature, and serious sand sticking and vein defects of the casting. In order to improve the surface quality of the steel casting, special sand or a surface dipping coating process is mostly adopted for production, if the refractory material uses special sand such as zircon sand, precious pearl sand, ceramsite sand and the like, the cost is higher, and the surface of the sand core is dipped with the coating, so that the requirements on the coating and the dipping coating process are extremely high. Therefore, the production process of the precoated sand is improved, the precoated sand replaced by part of special sand is developed, the refractoriness problem of the precoated sand for casting steel is solved, the coating dipping procedure is eliminated, the cost is saved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Chinese patent document CN202110703491.6 discloses a method for preparing precoated sand for cast steel by using a regenerated material, the invention uses the waste sand for cast steel to obtain regenerated sand as aggregate through regeneration, because the regenerated sand is regenerated by a thermal method and a wet method, the thermal expansion coefficient and the mud content are both reduced to low points, the high temperature resistance is far superior to the prior common silica sand, the waste sand can be recycled, in addition, the invention uses the waste water and the sludge generated in the regeneration process as raw materials, the waste water and the sludge are granulated after ultrasonic activation to prepare a refractory, the refractory is round granular, has good fluidity and high temperature resistance, the performance is far superior to the prior disclosed additive, the material is environment-friendly, the method is applied to the production of cast steel parts, and the quality of the cast parts is improved. But the problems that the surface of the sand core is stained with the coating and the requirements on the coating and the staining process are extremely high cannot be solved.
Chinese patent document CN202011354792.4 discloses a precoated sand mold for cast steel with high positioning accuracy, which relates to the technical field of precoated sand molds and comprises an upper mold, a lower mold, and an upper mold cavity and a lower mold cavity respectively arranged on the upper mold and the lower mold, wherein the bottom of the upper mold is provided with a pair of positioning grooves, the side walls of the pair of positioning grooves are both provided with clamping grooves, and the top of the lower mold is fixedly connected with a pair of lower positioning pins. The upper die and the lower die are positioned by arranging the guide pins and the guide holes, so that the movement amount between the upper die and the lower die is reduced, the matching speed is improved, the two upper positioning pins and the lower positioning columns on the lower die penetrate through the two positioning grooves on the upper die, the precise positioning of the upper die and the lower die is realized, the limiting balls slide into the clamping grooves, the movement amount between the upper die and the lower die is reduced, the matching precision of the upper die and the lower die during die assembly is further improved, and the production quality of products is improved. But the problems that the casting is not bonded with sand and the vein defect is serious are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production process method of coating-free precoated sand for cast steel, which can cancel the coating dipping procedure of a cast steel precoated sand core, achieve the effects of improving the production efficiency and the surface smoothness of a casting and solve the problems of refractoriness of the precoated sand for cast steel and coating dipping of the surface of the sand core.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a production process method of coating-free precoated sand for cast steel, a novel precoated sand refractory material, comprises quartz sand, ceramsite sand and chromite sand, phenolic resin as a binder, urotropine aqueous solution as a curing agent, and calcium stearate as a lubricant; the coating-free precoated sand is produced by using a hot-method precoated production process and adjusting the heating temperature, the adding amount of the phenolic resin, the urotropine aqueous solution and the calcium stearate, the feeding time and the like.
Preferably, 140/70-mesh quartz sand is used, 50/100-mesh ceramsite sand is added, and 70/140-mesh chromite sand is added as precoated sand raw sand.
Preferably, 70/140-mesh quartz sand is used, 70/140-mesh ceramsite sand is added, and 70/140-mesh chromite sand is added as precoated sand raw sand.
Preferably, the refractory material comprises 65-75% of 140/70-mesh quartz sand, 15-20% of 50/100-mesh ceramsite sand and 10-15% of 70/140-mesh chromite sand; the content of the phenolic resin is 2.5-4% of the refractory material, the urotropine is 14-18% of the phenolic resin, the content of the water is 1.8-2.5 times of the urotropine, and the content of the calcium stearate powder is 8-10% of the phenolic resin.
Preferably, the refractory material comprises 65-75% of 70/140-mesh quartz sand, 15-20% of 70/140-mesh ceramsite sand and 10-15% of 70/140-mesh chromite sand; the content of the phenolic resin is 2.5-4% of the refractory material, the urotropine is 14-18% of the phenolic resin, the content of the water is 1.8-2.5 times of the urotropine, and the content of the calcium stearate powder is 8-10% of the phenolic resin.
Preferably, the production process comprises the following steps:
a. the refractory materials are weighed according to the proportion, put into a feeding hopper, lifted to the highest position, poured into a heater, and heated at the temperature of 130-150 ℃, so that the refractory materials are heated in the heater in a forward rotation mode.
b. And when the temperature of the refractory material reaches 130-150 ℃, reversely rotating the heater, reversely rotating the sand, flowing the sand into the sand mixer, reversely rotating for 32-35 s, and draining the sand until the sand is clean.
c. And after the sand is reversed for 25-30 s, quickly adding phenolic resin when the sand is about to be discharged.
d. After the phenolic resin is added and mixed for grinding for 50-60 s, the temperature is reduced to 105-110 ℃, a fan is turned on, and urotropine aqueous solution (urotropine: water is 1: 1.8-2.5) is poured in.
e. After the urotropine aqueous solution is added, the mixture is mixed and ground for 8-12 s, the temperature of the mixture is rapidly reduced, the mixture is quickly bonded into solid blocks, when the mixture is bonded into blocks, the air door of a fan is closed, calcium stearate powder is added, the mixture is mixed and ground for 40-50 s, and under the impact action of rapid stirring of a sand mixer, the mixture blocks are gradually crushed and dispersed to form loose sheet precoated sand with the surface coated with a resin film.
f. When the sand temperature is reduced to below 80 ℃, a sand unloading door of the sand mixer is opened, and the finished sand is placed into a vibrating screen for screening and entering a tank.
g. And (5) inspecting, packaging and warehousing the precoated sand.
Furthermore, the steel casting has high pouring temperature, low refractoriness of common silica sand, easy expansion and deformation at high temperature, and serious sand sticking and vein defects of the casting. In order to improve the surface quality of steel castings, special sand or a surface paint dipping process is mostly adopted for production, if refractory materials use special sand such as zircon sand, precious pearl sand, ceramsite sand and the like, and when molds are used for producing the steel castings and the iron castings, the casting cost becomes a key factor influencing the casting quality. Chinese patent document CN202011354792.4 discloses a precoated sand mold for cast steel with high positioning accuracy.
Even if special sand is adopted, the surface of the sand core is stained with the coating, and the requirements on the coating and the staining process are extremely high. Therefore, considering the cost and the casting performance, the steel casting coated sand is generally produced by adding a high-temperature resistant auxiliary agent into the common coated sand at present. The production of the coated steel sand is essentially a technical process of uniformly coating a binder on the surface of raw sand, and in order to better realize the binding of the binder and the raw sand, the activation treatment of the raw sand becomes a key work, a curing agent added in the traditional processing process of the coated steel sand can be decomposed into ammonia gas and methylene gas when being heated, and nitrogen atoms and hydrogen atoms decomposed by the ammonia gas easily cause subcutaneous air holes on a steel casting, so that the problem in the production is solved, and Chinese patent document CN202110703491.6 discloses a method for preparing the coated sand for the steel casting from a recycled material.
The invention provides a production process of coating-free precoated sand for cast steel, which comprises the following steps: (1) a new precoated sand refractory: quartz sand, ceramsite sand and chromite sand; (2) the adhesive is phenolic resin, the curing agent is urotropine aqueous solution, and the lubricant is calcium stearate; (3) the production process of the precoated sand comprises the following steps: the coating-free precoated sand is produced by using a hot method precoated production process and adjusting the heating temperature, the adding amount of the phenolic resin, the urotropine aqueous solution and the calcium stearate, the feeding time and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a production process method of coating-free precoated sand for cast steel, which improves the production process of the precoated sand, develops precoated sand replaced by part of special sand, not only meets the refractoriness problem of the precoated sand for cast steel, but also cancels the coating dipping procedure, saves the cost and improves the production efficiency.
The precoated sand mainly comprises a refractory material, a binder, a curing agent and a lubricant, has the advantages of proper strength, good fluidity, good surface quality of a sand core, good collapsibility, strong moisture absorption resistance of the sand core and the like, can be suitable for producing steel metal castings and nonferrous alloy castings, and is the best raw material for producing automobile castings.
The invention can cancel the coating dipping (including spraying, flow coating, dip coating and brush coating) procedures of the cast steel coated sand core, and achieves the effects of improving the production efficiency and the surface smoothness of the casting. The produced precoated sand can be used for casting sand cores with good surface quality, and can obtain better surface quality of steel castings without coating, the surface roughness can reach Ra 6.3-12.5 um, and the size precision can reach CT 7-CT 9 level.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to clearly illustrate the contents of the present invention, but the contents of the present invention are not limited to the following examples. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details.
Example 1
A process for preparing the coating sand without paint adhesion for casting steel includes such steps as using 140/70 meshes of quartz sand, adding 50/100 meshes of haydite sand and 70/140 meshes of chromite sand as raw sand, rounding the granularity of raw sand, high fire resistance, and regulating the addition of resin, solidifying agent and lubricant. The raw material ratio is as follows:
the refractory materials comprise 65 percent of 140/70-mesh quartz sand, 15 percent of 50/100-mesh ceramsite sand and 10 percent of 70/140-mesh chromite sand; the content of the phenolic resin is 2.5 percent of the refractory material, the urotropine is 14 percent of the phenolic resin, the water is 1.8 times of the urotropine, and the calcium stearate powder is 8 percent of the phenolic resin.
The production process comprises the following steps:
1, weighing the refractory materials according to a certain proportion, putting the refractory materials into a feeding hopper, lifting the refractory materials to the highest position, pouring the refractory materials into a heater, and setting the heating temperature to be 130 ℃ to ensure that the refractory materials are heated in the heater in a positive rotation manner.
2 when the refractory temperature reaches 130 ℃, the heater is reversed to reversely flow the sand into the sand mixer, the sand is reversed for 32s, and the sand is completely drained.
3 after 25s of inversion, the phenolic resin is added quickly just before the sand is discharged.
4 adding phenolic resin, mixing and grinding for 50s, cooling to 105 ℃, turning on a fan, and pouring urotropine aqueous solution (urotropine: water is 1: 1.8).
After 5 urotropine aqueous solution is added, the mixture is mixed and ground for 8s, the temperature of the mixture is rapidly reduced, the mixture is quickly bonded into a solid block, when the mixture is bonded into a block shape, an air door of a fan is closed, calcium stearate powder is added, the mixture is mixed and ground for 40s, and under the impact action of rapid stirring of a sand mixer, the block of the mixture is gradually crushed and dispersed to form loose sheet precoated sand with the surface coated with a resin film.
And when the temperature of the sand 6 is reduced to be below 80 ℃, opening a sand unloading door of the sand mixer, and putting the finished sand into a vibrating screen for screening and filling into a tank.
7, inspecting, packaging and warehousing the precoated sand.
The invention provides a production process method of coating-free precoated sand for cast steel, which improves the production process of the precoated sand, develops precoated sand replaced by part of special sand, not only meets the refractoriness problem of the precoated sand for cast steel, but also cancels the coating dipping procedure, saves the cost and improves the production efficiency.
The precoated sand mainly comprises a refractory material, a binder, a curing agent and a lubricant, has the advantages of proper strength, good fluidity, good surface quality of a sand core, good collapsibility, strong moisture absorption resistance of the sand core and the like, can be suitable for producing steel metal castings and nonferrous alloy castings, and is the best raw material for producing automobile castings.
The invention can cancel the coating dipping (including spraying, flow coating, dip coating and brush coating) procedures of the cast steel coated sand core, and achieves the effects of improving the production efficiency and the surface smoothness of the casting. The produced precoated sand can be used for casting sand cores with good surface quality, and can obtain better surface quality of steel castings without coating, the surface roughness can reach Ra 6.3-12.5 um, and the size precision can reach CT 7-CT 9 level.
Example 2
A production process method of coating-free precoated sand for cast steel is different from the embodiment 1 in that:
a process for preparing the coating sand without paint adhesion for casting steel includes such steps as using 70/140 meshes of quartz sand, adding 70/140 meshes of haydite sand and 70/140 meshes of chromite sand as raw sand, rounding the granularity of raw sand, high fire resistance, and regulating the addition of resin, solidifying agent and lubricant. The raw material ratio is as follows:
the refractory materials comprise 75 percent of 70/140-mesh quartz sand, 15 percent of 70/140-mesh ceramsite sand and 10 percent of 70/140-mesh chromite sand; the content of the phenolic resin is 3 percent of the refractory material, the urotropine is 16 percent of the phenolic resin, the water is 2.3 times of the urotropine, and the calcium stearate powder is 8 percent of the phenolic resin.
Example 3
A production process method of coating-free precoated sand for cast steel is different from the embodiment 1 in that:
the production process comprises the following steps:
1, weighing the refractory materials according to the proportion, and putting the refractory materials into a feeding hopper.
2, lifting the feeding hopper to the highest position, and pouring refractory materials into the heater.
And 3, turning on the burner to heat the refractory material in the heater in a forward rotation manner.
4 the heating temperature was set to 140 ℃.
And when the temperature of 5 ℃ reaches 140 ℃, the heater reversely rotates, the sand reversely flows into the sand mixer, and the sand is discharged after being reversely rotated for 35 s.
6 after 30s of inversion, phenolic resin is added just before the sand is discharged.
7 adding the phenolic resin, mixing and grinding for 60s, cooling to 110 ℃, turning on a fan, and pouring urotropine aqueous solution (urotropine: water is 1: 2.3).
After 8 urotropine aqueous solution is added, the mixture is mixed and ground for 10s, the temperature of the mixture is rapidly reduced, the mixture is quickly bonded into solid blocks, when the mixture is bonded into blocks, the air door of a fan is closed, calcium stearate powder is added, the mixture is mixed and ground for 50s, and under the impact action of rapid stirring of a sand mixer, the blocks of the mixture are gradually crushed and dispersed to form loose sheet precoated sand with the surface coated with a resin film.
And (3) when the temperature of the 9 sand is reduced to be below 80 ℃, opening a sand unloading door of the sand mixer, and putting the finished sand into a vibrating screen for screening and filling into a tank. And (5) inspecting, packaging and warehousing the 10 coated sand.
Claims (6)
1. A production process method of coating-free precoated sand for cast steel is characterized in that a novel precoated sand refractory material comprises quartz sand, ceramsite sand and chromite sand, phenolic resin is used as a binder, urotropine aqueous solution is used as a curing agent, and calcium stearate is used as a lubricant; the coating-free precoated sand is produced by using a hot-method precoated production process and adjusting the heating temperature, the adding amount of the phenolic resin, the urotropine aqueous solution and the calcium stearate, the feeding time and the like.
2. The production process of the coating-free precoated sand for cast steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein 140/70 mesh quartz sand is used, 50/100 mesh ceramsite sand is added, and 70/140 mesh chromite sand is added as precoated sand raw sand.
3. The production process method of the coating-free precoated sand for cast steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein 70/140-mesh quartz sand is used, 70/140-mesh ceramsite sand is added, and 70/140-mesh chromite sand is added as precoated sand raw sand.
4. The production process method of the coating-free precoated sand for cast steel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the refractory material comprises 140/70 mesh quartz sand 65-75%, 50/100 mesh ceramsite sand 15-20%, 70/140 mesh chromite sand 10-15%; the content of the phenolic resin is 2.5-4% of the refractory material, the urotropine is 14-18% of the phenolic resin, the content of the water is 1.8-2.5 times of the urotropine, and the content of the calcium stearate powder is 8-10% of the phenolic resin.
5. The production process method of the coating-free precoated sand for cast steel as claimed in claim 3, wherein the refractory material comprises 70/140 mesh quartz sand 65-75%, 70/140 mesh ceramsite sand 15-20%, 70/140 mesh chromite sand 10-15%; the content of the phenolic resin is 2.5-4% of the refractory material, the urotropine is 14-18% of the phenolic resin, the content of the water is 1.8-2.5 times of the urotropine, and the content of the calcium stearate powder is 8-10% of the phenolic resin.
6. The production process method of the coating-free precoated sand for cast steel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the production process is:
a. the refractory materials are weighed according to the proportion, put into a feeding hopper, lifted to the highest position, poured into a heater, and heated at the temperature of 130-150 ℃, so that the refractory materials are heated in the heater in a forward rotation mode.
b. And when the temperature of the refractory material reaches 130-150 ℃, reversely rotating the heater, reversely rotating the sand, flowing the sand into the sand mixer, reversely rotating for 32-35 s, and draining the sand until the sand is clean.
c. And after the sand is reversed for 25-30 s, quickly adding phenolic resin when the sand is about to be discharged.
d. Adding the phenolic resin into the mixture, mixing and grinding the mixture for 50 to 60 seconds, cooling the temperature to 105 ℃ to 110 ℃, turning on a fan, and pouring urotropine aqueous solution (urotropine: water is 1: 1.8-2.5).
e. After the urotropine aqueous solution is added, the mixture is mixed and ground for 8-12 s, the temperature of the mixture is rapidly reduced, the mixture is quickly bonded into a solid block, when the mixture is bonded into a block shape, an air door of a fan is closed, calcium stearate powder is added, the mixture is mixed and ground for 40-50 s, and under the impact action of rapid stirring of a sand mixer, the block of the mixture is gradually crushed and dispersed to form loose sheet precoated sand with the surface coated with a resin film.
f. When the sand temperature is reduced to below 80 ℃, a sand unloading door of the sand mixer is opened, and the finished sand is placed into a vibrating screen for screening and tank feeding.
g. And (5) inspecting, packaging and warehousing the precoated sand.
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| CN202111624929.8A CN114425595A (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Production process method of coating-free precoated sand for cast steel |
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| CN202111624929.8A CN114425595A (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Production process method of coating-free precoated sand for cast steel |
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| CN107913974A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-04-17 | 北京仁创砂业科技有限公司 | A kind of steel-casting precoated sand and preparation method thereof |
| JP2019111563A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2019-07-11 | 花王株式会社 | Method for producing die |
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| CN109290522A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-01 | 合肥江淮铸造有限责任公司 | A kind of back oil road sand core of engine cylinder body casting |
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