CN107912612A - A kind of quick ammonating process of straw - Google Patents
A kind of quick ammonating process of straw Download PDFInfo
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- CN107912612A CN107912612A CN201711149424.4A CN201711149424A CN107912612A CN 107912612 A CN107912612 A CN 107912612A CN 201711149424 A CN201711149424 A CN 201711149424A CN 107912612 A CN107912612 A CN 107912612A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention mainly relates to roughage processing technique field, a kind of quick ammonating process of straw is disclosed, including：Acidifying, enzymolysis, drying, ammonification, airing；Method is simple, easy to operation, and without heavy mechanical equipment, the ammonification time shorten to 7 ~ 8 days, and processing is uniform, hence it is evident that improves the nutritional ingredient of straw, improves straw flavor, improves straw utilization rate；Acetum is added after straw is crushed to be acidified, softens rice-straw fibre, reduces straw pH, beneficial to the processing of later stage straw；Add enzymolysis liquid into the straw after acidifying, it is acidified after straw can keep the vigor of enzyme preparation, increase the nutritional ingredient of straw, straw structure destroyed, beneficial to absorption of the straw to processing solution；Straw is dried after enzymolysis, beneficial to absorption of the straw to subsequent processing solutions；The ammonia spirit of low concentration is added in dry backward straw, ammonium hydroxide quickly can fully be combined with straw relatively low pH after acidifying, shorten the airing time, improve straw Ammoniation efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention mainly relates to the quick ammonating process of roughage processing technique field, more particularly to a kind of straw.
Background technology
It is also more and more to the demand of feed with the development of China's animal husbandry, by straw directly as feed, lack
Nutrition, digestibility is low, causes the feeding efficiency of animal husbandry low, by straw progress ammonification be current improvement straw common method it
One, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase straw nitrogen content, improving straw utilization rate, still current traditional urea infusion method needs ammonification 30 ~ 60 days,
Time is too long；1846520 B of patent document CN disclose a kind of fast stalk ammonating process, vacuumized stalk
Be passed through liquid ammonia under state, and the ammoniated treatment time be no more than 1 it is small when, hence it is evident that shorten the ammonification time, but to equipment
It is more demanding, it is necessary to carried out in special high pressure sealing container, and the time of ammoniated treatment is extremely short, is easy to cause at stalk
Manage uneven, nutrient content otherness is larger, reduces the feeding effect of straw.
The content of the invention
The defects of in order to make up prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of quick ammonating process of straw.
A kind of quick ammonating process of straw, comprises the following steps：
（1）Acidifying：Straw is crushed to 3 ~ 5cm, adds the acetum of straw weight 13 ~ 15%, it is soft when standing infiltration 6 ~ 8 is small
Change rice-straw fibre, reduce straw pH, beneficial to the processing of later stage straw, obtain acidifying straw；
（2）Enzymolysis：Enzymolysis liquid is added into acidifying straw, addition is the 8 ~ 10% of acidifying straw weight, turns uniformly, stands 4
~ 6 it is small when, it is acidified after straw can keep the vigor of enzyme preparation, straw is digested, increases the nutritional ingredient of straw,
Straw structure is destroyed, increases the space between cells of straw, beneficial to absorption of the straw to processing solution, obtains enzymolysis straw；
（3）It is dry：Enzymolysis straw is placed in 50 ~ 60 DEG C, is dried to water content as 10 ~ 12%, removes that straw is intracellular and iuntercellular
Moisture, beneficial to absorption of the straw to subsequent processing solutions, obtain dry straw；
（4）Ammonification：The ammonium hydroxide of dry straw weight 25 ~ 27% is added into dry straw, is turned uniformly, sealing and standing 6 ~ 7 days,
Cost-effective, ammonium hydroxide quickly can fully be combined with straw relatively low pH after acidifying, reduce distributing for unnecessary ammonia, shorten airing
Time, improves straw Ammoniation efficiency, obtains Ammoniated rice straw；
（5）Airing：By Ammoniated rice straw airing 1 ~ 2 day, Ammoniated rice straw finished product is obtained.
The step（1）Acetum, volume fraction be 4 ~ 6%.
The step（2）Enzymolysis liquid, the mass concentration of complex enzyme formulation is 0.03 ~ 0.05%.
The complex enzyme formulation, is made of the enzyme preparation of following parts by weight：Cellulase 15 ~ 17, hemicellulase 11 ~
13rd, lignoenzyme 7 ~ 9, lipase 4 ~ 6.
The step（4）Ammonium hydroxide, mass concentration be 11 ~ 13%.
Ammoniated rice straw finished product prepared by the quick ammonating process of the straw.
It is an advantage of the invention that：The quick ammonating process of straw provided by the invention, method is simple, easy to operation, without
Heavy mechanical equipment, ammonification time shorten to 7 ~ 8 days, and processing is uniform, hence it is evident that improves the nutritional ingredient of straw, improves straw
Flavor, improves straw utilization rate；Acetum is added after straw is crushed to be acidified, and is softened rice-straw fibre, is reduced straw pH,
Beneficial to the processing of later stage straw；Enzymolysis liquid is added into the straw after acidifying, contains a variety of enzyme preparations in enzymolysis liquid, after acidified
Straw can keep the vigor of enzyme preparation, and straw is digested, and increase the nutritional ingredient of straw, destroy straw structure, increase
The space between cells of straw, beneficial to absorption of the straw to processing solution；Straw is dried after enzymolysis, remove straw into the cell and
Intercellular moisture, beneficial to absorption of the straw to subsequent processing solutions；The ammonia spirit of low concentration is added in dry backward straw,
Cost-effective, ammonium hydroxide quickly can fully be combined with straw relatively low pH after acidifying, reduce distributing for unnecessary ammonia, shorten airing
Time, improves straw Ammoniation efficiency.
Embodiment
Illustrate the present invention with specific embodiment below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of quick ammonating process of straw, comprises the following steps：
（1）Acidifying：Straw is crushed to 3 ~ 5cm, adds the acetum of straw weight 13%, volume fraction 4%, stands infiltration
6 it is small when, soften rice-straw fibre, reduce straw pH, beneficial to later stage straw processing, obtain acidifying straw；
（2）Enzymolysis：Enzymolysis liquid is added into acidifying straw, the mass concentration of complex enzyme formulation is 0.03%, and addition is acidifying rice
The 8% of careless weight, turns uniformly, stand 4 it is small when, it is acidified after straw can keep the vigor of enzyme preparation, enzyme is carried out to straw
Solution, increases the nutritional ingredient of straw, destroys straw structure, increases the space between cells of straw, beneficial to suction of the straw to processing solution
Receive, obtain enzymolysis straw；The complex enzyme formulation, is made of the enzyme preparation of following parts by weight：Cellulase 15, hemicellulase
11st, lignoenzyme 7, lipase 4；
（3）It is dry：Enzymolysis straw is placed in 50 DEG C, it is 10 ~ 12% to be dried to water content, and it is into the cell and intercellular to remove straw
Moisture, beneficial to absorption of the straw to subsequent processing solutions, obtains dry straw；
（4）Ammonification：The ammonium hydroxide of dry straw weight 25% is added into dry straw, mass concentration 11%, turns uniformly, sealing
6 days are stood, cost-effective, ammonium hydroxide quickly can fully be combined with straw relatively low pH after acidifying, reduce distributing for unnecessary ammonia,
Shorten the airing time, improve straw Ammoniation efficiency, obtain Ammoniated rice straw；
（5）Airing：By Ammoniated rice straw airing 1 day, Ammoniated rice straw finished product is obtained.
Ammoniated rice straw finished product prepared by the quick ammonating process of the straw.
Embodiment 2
A kind of quick ammonating process of straw, comprises the following steps：
（1）Acidifying：Straw is crushed to 3 ~ 5cm, adds the acetum of straw weight 14%, volume fraction 5%, stands infiltration
7 it is small when, soften rice-straw fibre, reduce straw pH, beneficial to later stage straw processing, obtain acidifying straw；
（2）Enzymolysis：Enzymolysis liquid is added into acidifying straw, the mass concentration of complex enzyme formulation is 0.04%, and addition is acidifying rice
The 9% of careless weight, turns uniformly, stand 5 it is small when, it is acidified after straw can keep the vigor of enzyme preparation, enzyme is carried out to straw
Solution, increases the nutritional ingredient of straw, destroys straw structure, increases the space between cells of straw, beneficial to suction of the straw to processing solution
Receive, obtain enzymolysis straw；The complex enzyme formulation, is made of the enzyme preparation of following parts by weight：Cellulase 16, hemicellulase
12nd, lignoenzyme 8, lipase 5；
（3）It is dry：Enzymolysis straw is placed in 55 DEG C, it is 10 ~ 12% to be dried to water content, and it is into the cell and intercellular to remove straw
Moisture, beneficial to absorption of the straw to subsequent processing solutions, obtains dry straw；
（4）Ammonification：The ammonium hydroxide of dry straw weight 26% is added into dry straw, mass concentration 12%, turns uniformly, sealing
6 days are stood, cost-effective, ammonium hydroxide quickly can fully be combined with straw relatively low pH after acidifying, reduce distributing for unnecessary ammonia,
Shorten the airing time, improve straw Ammoniation efficiency, obtain Ammoniated rice straw；
（5）Airing：By Ammoniated rice straw airing 1 day, Ammoniated rice straw finished product is obtained.
Ammoniated rice straw finished product prepared by the quick ammonating process of the straw.
Embodiment 3
A kind of quick ammonating process of straw, comprises the following steps：
（1）Acidifying：Straw is crushed to 3 ~ 5cm, adds the acetum of straw weight 15%, volume fraction 6%, stands infiltration
8 it is small when, soften rice-straw fibre, reduce straw pH, beneficial to later stage straw processing, obtain acidifying straw；
（2）Enzymolysis：Enzymolysis liquid is added into acidifying straw, the mass concentration of complex enzyme formulation is 0.05%, and addition is acidifying rice
The 10% of careless weight, turns uniformly, stand 6 it is small when, it is acidified after straw can keep the vigor of enzyme preparation, straw is carried out
Enzymolysis, increases the nutritional ingredient of straw, destroys straw structure, increases the space between cells of straw, beneficial to straw to processing solution
Absorb, obtain enzymolysis straw；The complex enzyme formulation, is made of the enzyme preparation of following parts by weight：Cellulase 17, hemicellulose
Enzyme 13, lignoenzyme 9, lipase 6；
（3）It is dry：Enzymolysis straw is placed in 60 DEG C, it is 10 ~ 12% to be dried to water content, and it is into the cell and intercellular to remove straw
Moisture, beneficial to absorption of the straw to subsequent processing solutions, obtains dry straw；
（4）Ammonification：The ammonium hydroxide of dry straw weight 27% is added into dry straw, mass concentration 13%, turns uniformly, sealing
7 days are stood, cost-effective, ammonium hydroxide quickly can fully be combined with straw relatively low pH after acidifying, reduce distributing for unnecessary ammonia,
Shorten the airing time, improve straw Ammoniation efficiency, obtain Ammoniated rice straw；
（5）Airing：By Ammoniated rice straw airing 2 days, Ammoniated rice straw finished product is obtained.
Ammoniated rice straw finished product prepared by the quick ammonating process of the straw.
Comparative example 1
Removal step（1）, remaining method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Removal step（2）, remaining method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
Removal step（3）, remaining method, with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 4
1846520 B of patent document CN disclose a kind of fast stalk ammonating process.
Comparative example 5
The conventional urea ammonating process of existing straw.
The ammonification effect of embodiment and comparative example straw ammonating process：
The straw 900kg that harvests then is selected, is randomly divided into 9 groups, every group of 100kg, is respectively embodiment group, comparative example group and right
According to group, the method that the group is respectively adopted in embodiment group and comparative example group carries out ammoniated treatment, records the ammonification time of each group, control
Group is without any processing, after the completion of processing, according to " shadow of the different ammonating process to straw ammonification effect and Lamb performance
The method of sound, Guo great Wei etc. ", the ammonification effect to each group straw are detected, record apparent digestibility of crude protein (CPD), day
The ammonification effect of feed intake and adding weight, embodiment and comparative example straw ammonating process is shown in Table 1.
Table 1：The ammonification effect of embodiment and comparative example straw ammonating process
| Project | The ammonification time | CPD/(%) | Daily ingestion amount/(g) | Adding weight/(g) |
| Embodiment 1 | 6d | 69.75 | 603.14 | 196.54 |
| Embodiment 2 | 6d | 69.96 | 602.45 | 195.95 |
| Embodiment 3 | 7d | 69.83 | 603.07 | 196.14 |
| Comparative example 1 | 6d | 65.18 | 587.83 | 184.36 |
| Comparative example 2 | 6d | 65.82 | 590.26 | 187.43 |
| Comparative example 3 | 6d | 67.95 | 598.54 | 191.21 |
| Comparative example 4 | ≤1h | 64.48 | 581.33 | 170.16 |
| Comparative example 5 | 50d | 61.26 | 534.76 | 157.73 |
| Control group | — | 58.57 | 456.31 | 142.52 |
Note："-" indicate without.
From table 1 the result shows that, the quick ammonating process of the straw of embodiment, the ammonification time is shorter, and crude protein is apparent to disappear
Rate (CPD) is substantially high compared with comparative example, and the daily ingestion amount and adding weight of lamb are substantially big compared with comparative example, illustrates present invention offer
The quick ammonating process of straw there is good ammonification effect.
Claims (6)
1. the quick ammonating process of a kind of straw, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Acidifying：Straw is crushed to 3 ~ 5cm, the acetum of straw weight 13 ~ 15% is added, when standing infiltration 6 ~ 8 is small, obtains
It is acidified straw；
（2）Enzymolysis：Enzymolysis liquid is added into acidifying straw, addition is the 8 ~ 10% of acidifying straw weight, turns uniformly, stands 4
~ 6 it is small when, obtain enzymolysis straw；
（3）It is dry：Enzymolysis straw is placed in 50 ~ 60 DEG C, it is 10 ~ 12% to be dried to water content, obtains dry straw；
（4）Ammonification：The ammonium hydroxide of dry straw weight 25 ~ 27% is added into dry straw, is turned uniformly, sealing and standing 6 ~ 7 days,
Obtain Ammoniated rice straw；
（5）Airing：By Ammoniated rice straw airing 1 ~ 2 day, Ammoniated rice straw finished product is obtained.
2. the quick ammonating process of straw according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（1）Acetum, body
Fraction is 4 ~ 6%.
3. the quick ammonating process of straw according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（2）Enzymolysis liquid, it is compound
The mass concentration of enzyme preparation is 0.03 ~ 0.05%.
4. the quick ammonating process of straw according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the complex enzyme formulation, by following
The enzyme preparation composition of parts by weight：Cellulase 15 ~ 17, hemicellulase 11 ~ 13, lignoenzyme 7 ~ 9, lipase 4 ~ 6.
5. the quick ammonating process of straw according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（4）Ammonium hydroxide, quality is dense
Spend for 11 ~ 13%.
6. Ammoniated rice straw finished product prepared by a kind of quick ammonating process of any one of claim 1 ~ 5 straw.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711149424.4A CN107912612A (en) | 2017-11-18 | 2017-11-18 | A kind of quick ammonating process of straw |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711149424.4A CN107912612A (en) | 2017-11-18 | 2017-11-18 | A kind of quick ammonating process of straw |
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| CN107912612A true CN107912612A (en) | 2018-04-17 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108850553A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-11-23 | 康桥投资控股有限公司 | The integral preparation method of straw feed |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102443659A (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-05-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Acid and alkali combination pretreatment method of straw efficient saccharification |
| CN104256057A (en) * | 2014-10-01 | 2015-01-07 | 青岛嘉瑞生物技术有限公司 | Method for preparing feed proteins by utilizing alcohol waste liquor and crop straws |
| CN105614053A (en) * | 2015-12-26 | 2016-06-01 | 天津中联饲料有限公司 | Biological straw feed preparation method |
| CN106804917A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-09 | 中国农业科学院特产研究所 | A kind of puffing straw feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN107136301A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-08 | 史占彪 | The preparation method of green soybean straw feed |
-
2017
- 2017-11-18 CN CN201711149424.4A patent/CN107912612A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102443659A (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-05-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Acid and alkali combination pretreatment method of straw efficient saccharification |
| CN104256057A (en) * | 2014-10-01 | 2015-01-07 | 青岛嘉瑞生物技术有限公司 | Method for preparing feed proteins by utilizing alcohol waste liquor and crop straws |
| CN105614053A (en) * | 2015-12-26 | 2016-06-01 | 天津中联饲料有限公司 | Biological straw feed preparation method |
| CN106804917A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-09 | 中国农业科学院特产研究所 | A kind of puffing straw feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN107136301A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-08 | 史占彪 | The preparation method of green soybean straw feed |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108850553A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-11-23 | 康桥投资控股有限公司 | The integral preparation method of straw feed |
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Application publication date: 20180417 |