CN107904411A - A kind of thick bismuth purifier and its application method - Google Patents
A kind of thick bismuth purifier and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107904411A CN107904411A CN201711241764.XA CN201711241764A CN107904411A CN 107904411 A CN107904411 A CN 107904411A CN 201711241764 A CN201711241764 A CN 201711241764A CN 107904411 A CN107904411 A CN 107904411A
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- furnace body
- bismuth
- air
- air brick
- thick bismuth
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B30/00—Obtaining antimony, arsenic or bismuth
- C22B30/06—Obtaining bismuth
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
It is symmetrical on the side wall of furnace body to be equipped with a pair of of support ear the invention discloses a kind of thick bismuth purifier, including furnace body, the bottom of furnace body is provided with air brick, the side-wall outer side of furnace body is equipped with heating part, is equipped with multiple air accumulators outside furnace body, air brick is connected to the outlet of air accumulator by gas-guide tube.The present invention utilizes the air brick of bottom of furnace body, blasts different gas into furnace body in different phase, has both played the role of being stirred the liquid bismuth in furnace body, accelerate the refining process in furnace body, reactant can be used as again, and the partial impurities of furnace body are removed, are killed two birds with one stone.In addition, just disclosure satisfy that whole refining process using only a furnace body, reduce equipment, reduce entreprise cost, improve production efficiency.Present invention also offers a kind of application method of thick bismuth purifier, describe in detail and how to use the said equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thick bismuth refining equipment technical field, specifically a kind of thick bismuth purifier, the present invention is also situated between
Continued a kind of application method of thick bismuth purifier.
Background technology
Bismuth can low-melting alloy processed, in safety shutoff or type metal；Bismuthyl carbonate and novismuth are used as medicine
Thing；Bismuth oxide is used in glass, china and pottery industry；Bismuth compound is as bleaching agent and pearling agent addition in cosmetics.Thick bismuth
General method of refining, is known as compared with strict requirements the impure member of thick bismuth, therefore has higher want for the purifier of thick bismuth
Ask.
Through retrieval, Chinese utility model patent, application number：CN201020521086.X, discloses a kind of thick bismuth refining dress
Put, including be sequentially connected in series the first kier, the second kier, the 3rd kier of connection, the paddle bar of mixer is stretched vertically
In the pot body for entering the first kier, first kier, the second kier, the pot face top of the 3rd kier are provided with respectively
First liquid pump, the second liquid pump, the 3rd liquid pump, the first liquid suction pipe of the first liquid pump stretch into the bottom of the first kier, the first liquid pump
The first drain pipe stretch into the pot body of the second kier；Second liquid suction pipe of the second liquid pump stretches into the bottom of the second kier,
Second drain pipe of the second liquid pump is stretched into the pot body of the 3rd kier；3rd liquid suction pipe of the 3rd liquid pump stretches into the 3rd kier
Bottom, the 3rd drain pipe of the 3rd liquid pump stretches into the bismuth bucket on the rail road of ground.The utility model is reasonable in design, can be high
The refining for realizing thick bismuth of standard, technique is simple, and controllability is strong, safer.
But the invention needs to use multiple kiers, occupation area of equipment is big, with high costs, in addition, paddle bar,
First, multiple parts such as second and third drain pipe are required to immerse in kier, and work easy loss under high temperature, and easily brings two
Secondary pollution.
The content of the invention
According to above the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of thick bismuth purifier and its application method, endeavours
In solving the technical problem in aforementioned background art.
The present invention is solved its technical problem and is realized using following technical scheme：
A kind of thick bismuth purifier, including furnace body, it is symmetrical on the side wall of furnace body to be equipped with a pair of of support ear, the bottom of furnace body
Air brick is installed, the side-wall outer side of furnace body is equipped with heating part, is equipped with multiple air accumulators outside furnace body, air brick passes through gas-guide tube
It is connected to the outlet of air accumulator.
Further as the present invention is improved, and the air accumulator includes being used to store the inert gases such as nitrogen or argon gas
No.1 tank, No. two tanks for storing compressed air and No. three tanks for storing chlorine.
Further as the present invention is improved, and the heating part includes heating wire, side wall of the heating wire winding in furnace body
Outside, the outside of heating part is equipped with the thermal insulation layer that resistance to material makes.
Further as the present invention is improved, and the heating part is the gas pipeline for the side-wall outer side for being wrapped in furnace body,
The fuel gas such as natural gas or coal gas are passed through in gas pipeline, gas pipeline is equipped with uniformly distributed through hole towards the side of furnace body.
Further as the present invention is improved, and the support ear is equipped with rotatable bearing, and furnace body can be with two
The center line of support ear rotates for axis.
A kind of application method of thick bismuth purifier, includes the following steps：
Step 1：The thick bismuth for needing to refine is put into furnace body, heating part is started to work, and is heated up and is melted thick bismuth, passes through
Air brick blasts compressed air into furnace body, after thick bismuth is completely melt, drags for fusing slag；
Step 2：Inert gas is passed through into furnace body by air brick, Cosan is added into furnace body, Cosan is added in
The throughput of air brick after a certain period of time, is turned down or closed, treat that liquid level is steady by the most active position of liquid level in furnace body, stirring
Afterwards, bits are pulled out；
Step 3：After liquid bismuth is warming up to certain temperature in furnace body, compressed air is blasted into furnace body by air brick,
Residual sulphur oxidation is set to be escaped in SO2 gaseous states；
Step 4：Inert gas is passed through to furnace body by air brick, the Zincification ingot into furnace body, insulation treats that zinc ingot metal is completely molten
Change, then the throughput of air brick is turned down or closed, then silver-colored slag is pulled out.
Step 5：Chlorine is passed through into furnace body by air brick, when Dark grey slag occurs in the liquid level in furnace body, is turned down
The throughput of gas brick, the chlorination cadmia of liquid is scooped out, then tunes up the throughput of air brick, is carried out removing Lead exposed, is closed on and remove
During lead terminal, turn the throughput of air brick down, pull scum silica frost out, continue certain time of ventilating, it is ensured that the reaction was complete；
Step 6：Compressed air is passed through into furnace body, after adding the piece alkali (NaOH) of bismuth liquid weight 1-2%, the timing of stirring one
Between after, then drag for slag, add a small amount of piece alkali fusion and be covered in bismuth liquid level, drag for slag, that is, the bismuth liquid refined, overturn furnace body,
Qualified liquid bismuth is poured out.
Further as the present invention is improved, and the temperature control in the step 1 in furnace body is at 500-600 DEG C.
Further as the present invention is improved, and the temperature control in the step 2 in furnace body is at 280-330 DEG C.
Further as the present invention is improved, and the temperature control in the step 3 in furnace body is at 500-600 DEG C.
Further as the present invention is improved, and the temperature control in the step 6 in furnace body is at 650-750 DEG C.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention utilizes the air brick of bottom of furnace body, blasts different gas into furnace body in different phase, both played
The effect being stirred to the liquid bismuth in furnace body, accelerates the refining process in furnace body, and can be used as reactant, by furnace body
Partial impurities remove, and kill two birds with one stone.In addition, just disclosure satisfy that whole refining process using only a furnace body, reduce equipment, drop
Low entreprise cost, improves production efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the front view of the embodiment of the present invention (heating part is heating wire)；
Fig. 2 is that the heating part of the present invention is the partial schematic diagram of gas pipeline.
In figure, 1- furnace bodies, 2- support ears, 3- bearings, 4- heating parts, 4a- heating wire, 4b- gas pipelines, 5- air bricks,
6- gas-guide tubes, 7- air pumps, 8- air accumulators.
Embodiment
Below by the description to embodiment, the shape of for example involved each component of embodiment of the invention, structure
Make, the mutual alignment between each several part and connection relation, the effect of each several part and operation principle, manufacturing process and the side of operating with
Method etc., is described in further detail, completeer to help those skilled in the art to have inventive concept of the invention, technical solution
Whole, accurate and deep understanding.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2, a kind of thick bismuth purifier, including furnace body 1, it is symmetrical on the side wall of furnace body 1 to be equipped with a pair
Support ear 2, the bottom of furnace body 1 are provided with air brick 5, and the outside of furnace body 1 is equipped with multiple air accumulators 8, and air brick 5 passes through gas-guide tube 6
It is connected to the outlet of air accumulator 8.
Air accumulator 8 includes No.1 tank, No. two tanks and No. three tanks, and No.1 tank is used to store the inert gases such as nitrogen or argon gas,
No. two tanks are used for storing compressed air or oxygen, and No. three tanks are used to store chlorine.The exit of air accumulator 8 is equipped with valve, leads
Tracheae 6 is equipped with air pump 7.
The thick bismuth purifier can be carried out by the way of conventional 1 bottom of natural gas or gas-fired heating furnace body
Melting, but due to the presence of 1 bottom air brick 5 of furnace body, in order to avoid the use to air brick 5 or the grade parts of gas-guide tube 6
Harmful effect is caused, the heated part of furnace body 1 is designed in the side of furnace body 1.The side-wall outer side of furnace body 1 is equipped with heating part 4, adds
Hot portion 4 includes heating wire 4a, and heating wire 4a is wrapped in the outside of the side wall of furnace body 1, and the outside of heating part 4 is equipped with what resistance to material made
Thermal insulation layer, thermal insulation layer are used to prevent distributing for heat, improve the utilization rate of heat.
As another embodiment of the present invention, heating part 4 is the gas pipeline for the side-wall outer side for being wrapped in furnace body 1
The fuel gas such as natural gas or coal gas are passed through in 4b, gas pipeline 4b, gas pipeline 4b is equipped with uniformly distributed towards the side of furnace body 1
Through hole, fuel gas are overflowed from through hole, are then burnt, so as to be heated to furnace body 1.
In order to which after the completion of refining, convenient to discharge liquid bismuth, support ear 2 is equipped with rotatable bearing 3, the thick bismuth essence
Refining device can rotate by axis of the center line of two support ears 2, so that the liquid bismuth in furnace body 1 be discharged.
The operation principle of the invention is：
1st, sulphur copper removal is added
The thick bismuth for needing to refine is put into furnace body 1, heating part 4 is started to work, and is heated up and is melted thick bismuth, thick bismuth fusing temperature
To spend for 500-550 DEG C, temperature about rises to 500-600 DEG C, meanwhile, No. two tanks are opened, sky is blasted into furnace body 1 by air brick 5
Gas, gas float in furnace body 1, play the stirring action to the solution in furnace body 1, make the temperature in furnace body 1 uniform, shorten thick
The thawing time of bismuth, after thick bismuth is completely melt, drags for fusing slag；
After dragging for slag, No. two tanks are closed, No.1 tank is opened, the inert gases such as argon gas or nitrogen is passed through into furnace body 1, to furnace body
Cosan is added in 1, Cosan is added in the most active place of liquid level in furnace body 1, while control the temperature of liquid bismuth in furnace body 1
At 280-330 DEG C, the excessive scaling loss of sulphur is prevented, while in order to react fully, can suitably increase the throughput of air brick 5.
Main reaction equation is：
2Bi+3S=Bi2S3
Bi2S3+ 6Cu=2Bi+3Cu2S(S)
Add sulphur and be progressively warming up to 500-550 DEG C, after air volume stirs 25~35min, by the throughput of air brick 5
Turn down or close, after liquid level is steady, by Cu2S solid powders or bits are pulled out；
Contain remaining sulphur in thick bismuth liquation due to dragging in the bismuth liquid after slag, bismuth liquid is warming up to 500-600 DEG C, together
When, No.1 tank is closed, No. two tanks are opened, and oxygen or air are passed through into furnace body 1 by air brick 5, and it is in SO to make residual sulphur oxidation2
Gaseous state escapes, and the gas that air brick 5 is blasted into furnace body 1 at this time not only plays stirring action, but also is reactive material, can be by stove
Residual sulphur in body 1 all removes.
Main reaction equation is：
S+O2=SO2(g)
2nd, zincification desilver
No. two tanks are closed, and No.1 tank is opened, and has been passed through argon gas or nitrogen of stirring action etc. to furnace body 1 by air brick 5
Inert gas, the Zincification ingot into furnace body 1, in 500 DEG C or so insulations, insulation treats that zinc ingot metal is completely melt, zinc can generate a system with silver
Compound between the Ag-Zn of row infusibility, the throughput of air brick 5 then turned down or closed, and then pulls silver-colored slag out.
Key reaction formula：
Ag+ α Zn=AgZnα
3rd, chlorine is led to except zinc, lead
1 temperature of furnace body is down to 300-400 DEG C, closes No.1 tank, opens No. three tanks, is led to by air brick 5 into furnace body 1
Enter chlorine, the throughput of air brick 5 can first be tuned up respectively at zinc, lead reaction generation zinc chloride and lead chloride, make stove by chlorine
It can fully be reacted in body 1, when Dark grey slag occurs in the liquid level in furnace body 1, the throughput of air brick 5 be turned down, by liquid
Chlorination cadmia is scooped out, and then tunes up the throughput of air brick 5, carries out removing Lead exposed, should during, temperature can gradually rise to
More than 500 DEG C, after a certain period of time, range estimation of materialsing judges：Surface blackening as samples, does not emit button, sample section perforation
Fine and close vertical stripes shape crystallizes, metal luster, then closes at this time except lead terminal, then turn the throughput of air brick 5 down, drag for
Go out scum silica frost, continue certain time of ventilating, it is ensured that the reaction was complete.
Key reaction formula：
Zn+Cl2=ZnCl2
Pb+Cl2=PbCl2
2BiCl3+ 3Zn=3ZnCl2+2Bi
2BiCl3+ 3Pb=3PbCl2+2Bi
4th, refinement oxide
By temperature control at 650-750 DEG C, No. three tanks are closed, No. two tanks is opened, compressed air or oxygen is passed through into furnace body 1
Gas, after adding the NaOH of bismuth liquid weight 1-2%, stirring after a certain period of time, then drags for slag, takes bismuth sample analysis lead, silver, chlorine, to Pb≤
0.001%, Ag≤0.004%, Cl≤0.0015% are qualification.Add a small amount of piece alkali fusion and be covered in bismuth liquid level, be cooled to
After 330-450 DEG C, slag is dragged for, takes the batch products sample to carry out complete analysis in pot, sample composition obtains essence after analysis is qualified
The bismuth liquid of refining, overturns furnace body 1, and qualified liquid bismuth is poured out.
The present invention utilizes the air brick 5 of 1 bottom of furnace body, and different gas is blasted into furnace body 1 in different phase, was both played
The effect being stirred to the liquid bismuth in furnace body 1, accelerates the refining process in furnace body 1, and can be used as reactant, by stove
The partial impurities of body 1 remove, and kill two birds with one stone.In addition, just disclosure satisfy that whole refining process using only a furnace body 1, reduce
Equipment, reduces entreprise cost, improves production efficiency.
The present invention is exemplarily described above, it is clear that present invention specific implementation is not subject to the restrictions described above,
As long as employing the improvement of the various unsubstantialities of inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention progress, or not improved this is sent out
Bright design and technical solution directly applies to other occasions, within protection scope of the present invention.The protection of the present invention
Scope should be determined by the scope of protection defined in the claims.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. thick bismuth purifier, it is characterised in that：It is symmetrical on the side wall of furnace body to be equipped with a pair of of support ear including furnace body, The bottom of furnace body is provided with air brick, and the side-wall outer side of furnace body is equipped with heating part, multiple air accumulators, air brick are equipped with outside furnace body The outlet of air accumulator is connected to by gas-guide tube.
- 2. thick bismuth purifier according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The air accumulator include be used for store nitrogen or The No.1 tank of the inert gases such as argon gas, No. two tanks for storing compressed air and No. three tanks for storing chlorine.
- 3. thick bismuth purifier according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The heating part includes heating wire, heating wire The outside of the side wall of furnace body is wrapped in, the outside of heating part is equipped with the thermal insulation layer that resistance to material makes.
- 4. thick bismuth purifier according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The heating part is the side wall for being wrapped in furnace body The gas pipeline in outside, is passed through the fuel gas such as natural gas or coal gas in gas pipeline, the side of gas pipeline towards furnace body is set There is uniformly distributed through hole.
- 5. thick bismuth purifier according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The support ear is equipped with rotatable axis Hold, furnace body can be rotated by axis of the center line of two support ears.
- 6. the application method of the thick bismuth purifier according to claim 1-5 any one, it is characterised in that including as follows Step：Step 1：The thick bismuth for needing to refine is put into furnace body, heating part is started to work, and is heated up and is melted thick bismuth, by ventilative Brick blasts compressed air into furnace body, after thick bismuth is completely melt, drags for fusing slag；Step 2：Inert gas is passed through into furnace body by air brick, Cosan is added into furnace body, Cosan is added in furnace body The interior most active position of liquid level, the throughput of air brick after a certain period of time, is turned down or closed by stirring, will after liquid level is steady Bits are pulled out；Step 3：After liquid bismuth is warming up to certain temperature in furnace body, compressed air is blasted into furnace body by air brick, is made residual Sulphur oxidation is in SO2Gaseous state escapes；Step 4：Inert gas is passed through to furnace body by air brick, the Zincification ingot into furnace body, insulation treats that zinc ingot metal is completely melt, so The throughput of air brick is turned down or closed afterwards, then silver-colored slag is pulled out.Step 5：Chlorine is passed through into furnace body by air brick, when Dark grey slag occurs in the liquid level in furnace body, turns air brick down Throughput, the chlorination cadmia of liquid is scooped out, then tunes up the throughput of air brick, carries out removing Lead exposed, is closed on except lead is whole During point, turn the throughput of air brick down, pull scum silica frost out, continue certain time of ventilating, it is ensured that the reaction was complete；Step 6：Compressed air is passed through into furnace body, after adding the piece alkali (NaOH) of bismuth liquid weight 1-2%, is stirred after a certain period of time, Then slag is dragged for, a small amount of piece alkali fusion is added and is covered in bismuth liquid level, drag for slag, that is, the bismuth liquid refined, overturns furnace body, by qualification Liquid bismuth pour out.
- 7. the application method of thick bismuth purifier according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：In the step 1 in furnace body Temperature control at 500-600 DEG C.
- 8. the application method of thick bismuth purifier according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：In the step 2 in furnace body Temperature control at 280-330 DEG C.
- 9. the application method of thick bismuth purifier according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：In the step 3 in furnace body Temperature control at 500-600 DEG C.
- 10. the application method of thick bismuth purifier according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Furnace body in the step 6 Interior temperature control is at 650-750 DEG C.
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| CN201711241764.XA CN107904411A (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | A kind of thick bismuth purifier and its application method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711241764.XA CN107904411A (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | A kind of thick bismuth purifier and its application method |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63270424A (en) * | 1987-04-24 | 1988-11-08 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | Method for refining bismuth |
| CN101093141A (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-12-26 | 王毓民 | Vacuum melting furnace for preparing fusion casting type production of molybdenum from worn-out molybdenum |
| CN101538634A (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2009-09-23 | 丁家伟 | Smelting process and device of pure iron |
| CN201834960U (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-05-18 | 江西稀有金属钨业控股集团有限公司 | Coarse bismuth refining device |
| CN102676851A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-19 | 锡矿山闪星锑业有限责任公司 | Device for crude bismuth fire refining |
| CN103937988A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-07-23 | 云南锡业股份有限公司 | Process for producing unpurified silver by pyro-refining precious lead |
-
2017
- 2017-11-30 CN CN201711241764.XA patent/CN107904411A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63270424A (en) * | 1987-04-24 | 1988-11-08 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | Method for refining bismuth |
| CN101093141A (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2007-12-26 | 王毓民 | Vacuum melting furnace for preparing fusion casting type production of molybdenum from worn-out molybdenum |
| CN101538634A (en) * | 2009-02-05 | 2009-09-23 | 丁家伟 | Smelting process and device of pure iron |
| CN201834960U (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-05-18 | 江西稀有金属钨业控股集团有限公司 | Coarse bismuth refining device |
| CN102676851A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-19 | 锡矿山闪星锑业有限责任公司 | Device for crude bismuth fire refining |
| CN103937988A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-07-23 | 云南锡业股份有限公司 | Process for producing unpurified silver by pyro-refining precious lead |
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| Title |
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| 俞海明: "《电炉钢水的炉外精炼技术》", 31 August 2010 * |
| 北京有色冶金设计研究总院等: "《重有色金属冶炼设计手册：铅锌铋卷》", 31 May 1995 * |
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