CN107899556A - 一种废水处理吸附剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种废水处理吸附剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)将磁性石墨烯、玉米秸秆生物炭、玉米芯、茶树根粉末和膨润土混合干燥,研磨过筛,去除大颗粒;(2)加入乙酸和去离子水,放入水浴锅中搅拌;(3)过滤,清洗,干燥研磨,过筛,去除大颗粒;(4)加入淀粉黄原酸酯、牛血清蛋白、海藻酸钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、和去离子水,搅拌混匀制成小球;(5)将小球进行干燥后浸入硼酸和去离子水的溶液中浸泡;(6)将小球取出,浸入硼氢化钠和无水乙醇的溶液中即得。本发明的废水处理吸附剂,对COD的去除率很高,对于Cu2+和Pb2+的去除率也很高,对含重金属离子的废水有很好的处理效果,同时脱色效果也较好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及废水处理领域,具体涉及一种废水处理吸附剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着现代工业的迅猛发展,人口的激增,能源问题已越来越严重,同时,环境污染问题也在进一步加剧,而水资源危机也已成为一个亟待解决的世界性问题。随着工农业和城市的迅速发展,大量污染物的排放,自然水体遭到了严重的污染,水资源的利用率下降,更是加剧了我国水资源短缺的问题。水污染源包括工业污染源、农业污染源和生活污染源三大部分,而根据污染物质不同,水污染又主要分为化学性污染、物理性污染和生物性污染三大类。近年来,我国工业废水和城市废水的排放量约为572亿吨,其中工业废水排放达标率约为57%,工业废水中常含有难降解有机染料、重金属离子及有机无机化合物等污染物。若是这些废水处理不达标便直接排放进自然水体,则会对人类健康和环境产生巨大的危害。因此,如何有效地处理这些废水,对于保护水体安全,人类健康都具有重要的意义。
发明内容
要解决的技术问题:本发明的目的是提供一种废水处理吸附剂,对COD的去除率很高,对于Cu2+和Pb2+的去除率也很高,对含重金属离子的废水有很好的处理效果,同时脱色效果也较好。
技术方案:一种废水处理吸附剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1) 将磁性石墨烯1-3份、玉米秸秆生物炭1-2份、玉米芯2-5份、茶树根粉末2-5份和膨润土1-2份混合,放入烘箱中在70-80℃下干燥,取出后放入研磨机中在转速300-400r/min下研磨3-5h,过120目筛,去除大颗粒;
(2) 加入乙酸2-4份和去离子水20-40份,放入水浴锅中在温度60-65℃下搅拌18-20h;
(3) 过滤,用蒸馏水清洗,放入烘箱中在温度70-75℃下干燥22-24h,取出后放入研磨机中在转速350-400r/min下研磨3-5h,过200目筛,去除大颗粒;
(4) 加入淀粉黄原酸酯2-5份、牛血清蛋白1-2份、海藻酸钠1-2份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1-2份、和去离子水30-50份,搅拌混匀制成小球;
(5) 将小球进行干燥后浸入硼酸1.5-2份和去离子水10-20份的溶液中,浸泡34-36h;
(6) 将小球取出,浸入硼氢化钠3-5份和无水乙醇20-40份的溶液中30-50min即得。
进一步优选的,步骤(1)中转速为350r/min,研磨时间为4h。
进一步优选的,步骤(3)中干燥时间为23h,研磨时间为4h。
进一步优选的,步骤(5)中浸泡时间为35h。
进一步优选的,步骤(6)中浸泡时间为40min。
本发明所述的方法所制备的废水处理吸附剂。
有益效果:本发明的废水处理吸附剂对COD的去除率可达95.1%,对于Cu2+和Pb2+的去除率也分别可达93.6%和96.8%,去除率很高,对含重金属离子的废水有很好的处理效果,同时对于亚甲基蓝的脱色率也达到了86.1%,脱色效果也较好。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种废水处理吸附剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1) 将磁性石墨烯1份、玉米秸秆生物炭1份、玉米芯2份、茶树根粉末2份和膨润土1份混合,放入烘箱中在70℃下干燥,取出后放入研磨机中在转速300r/min下研磨3h,过120目筛,去除大颗粒;
(2) 加入乙酸2份和去离子水20份,放入水浴锅中在温度60℃下搅拌18h;
(3) 过滤,用蒸馏水清洗,放入烘箱中在温度70℃下干燥22h,取出后放入研磨机中在转速350r/min下研磨3h,过200目筛,去除大颗粒;
(4) 加入淀粉黄原酸酯2份、牛血清蛋白1份、海藻酸钠1份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1份、和去离子水30份,搅拌混匀制成小球;
(5) 将小球进行干燥后浸入硼酸1.5份和去离子水10份的溶液中,浸泡34h;
(6) 将小球取出,浸入硼氢化钠3份和无水乙醇20份的溶液中30min即得。
实施例2
一种废水处理吸附剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1) 将磁性石墨烯1.5份、玉米秸秆生物炭1.5份、玉米芯3份、茶树根粉末3份和膨润土1.5份混合,放入烘箱中在75℃下干燥,取出后放入研磨机中在转速330r/min下研磨4h,过120目筛,去除大颗粒;
(2) 加入乙酸3份和去离子水25份,放入水浴锅中在温度60℃下搅拌19h;
(3) 过滤,用蒸馏水清洗,放入烘箱中在温度73℃下干燥23h,取出后放入研磨机中在转速360r/min下研磨4h,过200目筛,去除大颗粒;
(4) 加入淀粉黄原酸酯3份、牛血清蛋白1.5份、海藻酸钠1.5份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1.5份、和去离子水35份,搅拌混匀制成小球;
(5) 将小球进行干燥后浸入硼酸1.5份和去离子水10份的溶液中,浸泡35h;
(6) 将小球取出,浸入硼氢化钠4份和无水乙醇25份的溶液中35min即得。
实施例3
一种废水处理吸附剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1) 将磁性石墨烯2份、玉米秸秆生物炭1.5份、玉米芯4份、茶树根粉末4份和膨润土1.5份混合,放入烘箱中在75℃下干燥,取出后放入研磨机中在转速350r/min下研磨4h,过120目筛,去除大颗粒;
(2) 加入乙酸3份和去离子水30份,放入水浴锅中在温度65℃下搅拌19h;
(3) 过滤,用蒸馏水清洗,放入烘箱中在温度75℃下干燥23h,取出后放入研磨机中在转速400r/min下研磨4h,过200目筛,去除大颗粒;
(4) 加入淀粉黄原酸酯4份、牛血清蛋白1.5份、海藻酸钠1.5份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1.5份、和去离子水40份,搅拌混匀制成小球;
(5) 将小球进行干燥后浸入硼酸2份和去离子水15份的溶液中,浸泡35h;
(6) 将小球取出,浸入硼氢化钠4份和无水乙醇30份的溶液中40min即得。
实施例4
一种废水处理吸附剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1) 将磁性石墨烯3份、玉米秸秆生物炭2份、玉米芯5份、茶树根粉末5份和膨润土2份混合,放入烘箱中在80℃下干燥,取出后放入研磨机中在转速400r/min下研磨5h,过120目筛,去除大颗粒;
(2) 加入乙酸4份和去离子水40份,放入水浴锅中在温度65℃下搅拌20h;
(3) 过滤,用蒸馏水清洗,放入烘箱中在温度75℃下干燥24h,取出后放入研磨机中在转速400r/min下研磨5h,过200目筛,去除大颗粒;
(4) 加入淀粉黄原酸酯2-5份、牛血清蛋白2份、海藻酸钠2份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮2份、和去离子水50份,搅拌混匀制成小球;
(5) 将小球进行干燥后浸入硼酸2份和去离子水20份的溶液中,浸泡36h;
(6) 将小球取出,浸入硼氢化钠5份和无水乙醇40份的溶液中50min即得。
对比例1
本实施例与实施例1的区别在于不含有玉米秸秆生物炭和玉米芯。具体地说是:
(1) 将磁性石墨烯1份、茶树根粉末2份和膨润土1份混合,放入烘箱中在70℃下干燥,取出后放入研磨机中在转速300r/min下研磨3h,过120目筛,去除大颗粒;
(2) 加入乙酸2份和去离子水20份,放入水浴锅中在温度60℃下搅拌18h;
(3) 过滤,用蒸馏水清洗,放入烘箱中在温度70℃下干燥22h,取出后放入研磨机中在转速350r/min下研磨3h,过200目筛,去除大颗粒;
(4) 加入淀粉黄原酸酯2份、牛血清蛋白1份、海藻酸钠1份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1份、和去离子水30份,搅拌混匀制成小球;
(5) 将小球进行干燥后浸入硼酸1.5份和去离子水10份的溶液中,浸泡34h;
(6) 将小球取出,浸入硼氢化钠3份和无水乙醇20份的溶液中30min即得。
对比例2
本实施例与实施例1的区别在于不含有牛血清蛋白。具体地说是:
(1) 将磁性石墨烯1份、玉米秸秆生物炭1份、玉米芯2份、茶树根粉末2份和膨润土1份混合,放入烘箱中在70℃下干燥,取出后放入研磨机中在转速300r/min下研磨3h,过120目筛,去除大颗粒;
(2) 加入乙酸2份和去离子水20份,放入水浴锅中在温度60℃下搅拌18h;
(3) 过滤,用蒸馏水清洗,放入烘箱中在温度70℃下干燥22h,取出后放入研磨机中在转速350r/min下研磨3h,过200目筛,去除大颗粒;
(4) 加入淀粉黄原酸酯2份、海藻酸钠1份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1份、和去离子水30份,搅拌混匀制成小球;
(5) 将小球进行干燥后浸入硼酸1.5份和去离子水10份的溶液中,浸泡34h;
(6) 将小球取出,浸入硼氢化钠3份和无水乙醇20份的溶液中30min即得。
对比例3
本实施例与实施例1的区别在于不含有磁性石墨烯和膨润土。具体地说是:
(1) 将玉米秸秆生物炭1份、玉米芯2份和茶树根粉末2份混合,放入烘箱中在70℃下干燥,取出后放入研磨机中在转速300r/min下研磨3h,过120目筛,去除大颗粒;
(2) 加入乙酸2份和去离子水20份,放入水浴锅中在温度60℃下搅拌18h;
(3) 过滤,用蒸馏水清洗,放入烘箱中在温度70℃下干燥22h,取出后放入研磨机中在转速350r/min下研磨3h,过200目筛,去除大颗粒;
(4) 加入淀粉黄原酸酯2份、牛血清蛋白1份海藻酸钠1份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1份、和去离子水30份,搅拌混匀制成小球;
(5) 将小球进行干燥后浸入硼酸1.5份和去离子水10份的溶液中,浸泡34h;
(6) 将小球取出,浸入硼氢化钠3份和无水乙醇20份的溶液中30min即得。
本发明复合材料投入待处理废水中,投加量为20mg/L,搅拌吸附反应60min后测定其部分性能指标,结果见下表1,其对COD的去除率可达95.1%,对于Cu2+和Pb2+的去除率也分别可达93.6%和96.8%,去除率很高,对含重金属离子的废水有很好的处理效果,同时对于亚甲基蓝的脱色率也达到了86.1%,脱色效果也较好。
表1
产品名称 | COD去除率(%) | Cu2+去除率(%) | Pb2+去除率(%) | 亚甲基蓝脱色率(%) |
实施例1 | 94.3 | 92.2 | 95.7 | 85.3 |
实施例2 | 94.6 | 92.7 | 96.2 | 85.7 |
实施例3 | 95.1 | 93.6 | 96.8 | 86.1 |
实施例4 | 94.7 | 93.2 | 96.5 | 85.7 |
对比例1 | 90.2 | 89.6 | 89.3 | 81.1 |
对比例2 | 93.7 | 90.2 | 90.1 | 82.9 |
对比例3 | 91.2 | 88.3 | 88.1 | 82.3 |
注:原硝基化合物废水中COD浓度、Cu2+浓度和Pb2+浓度分别为1233.29mg/L、124.51mg/L和113.78mg/L。
Claims (6)
1.一种废水处理吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1) 将磁性石墨烯1-3份、玉米秸秆生物炭1-2份、玉米芯2-5份、茶树根粉末2-5份和膨润土1-2份混合,放入烘箱中在70-80℃下干燥,取出后放入研磨机中在转速300-400r/min下研磨3-5h,过120目筛,去除大颗粒;
(2) 加入乙酸2-4份和去离子水20-40份,放入水浴锅中在温度60-65℃下搅拌18-20h;
(3) 过滤,用蒸馏水清洗,放入烘箱中在温度70-75℃下干燥22-24h,取出后放入研磨机中在转速350-400r/min下研磨3-5h,过200目筛,去除大颗粒;
(4) 加入淀粉黄原酸酯2-5份、牛血清蛋白1-2份、海藻酸钠1-2份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1-2份、和去离子水30-50份,搅拌混匀制成小球;
(5) 将小球进行干燥后浸入硼酸1.5-2份和去离子水10-20份的溶液中,浸泡34-36h;
(6) 将小球取出,浸入硼氢化钠3-5份和无水乙醇20-40份的溶液中30-50min即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种废水处理吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中转速为350r/min,研磨时间为4h。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种废水处理吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中干燥时间为23h,研磨时间为4h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种废水处理吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(5)中浸泡时间为35h。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种废水处理吸附剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(6)中浸泡时间为40min。
6.权利要求1-5所述的方法所制备的废水处理吸附剂。
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