CN107893628B - Through Air Reverse Circulation down-hole hammer drilling technology - Google Patents
Through Air Reverse Circulation down-hole hammer drilling technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN107893628B CN107893628B CN201711222316.5A CN201711222316A CN107893628B CN 107893628 B CN107893628 B CN 107893628B CN 201711222316 A CN201711222316 A CN 201711222316A CN 107893628 B CN107893628 B CN 107893628B
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- unit bit
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
Abstract
Through Air Reverse Circulation down-hole hammer drilling technology, it is characterized in that, its processing step are as follows: 1. determine the drilling parameter on general stratum, crushed zone stratum and karst strata first, it is determined according to setting formation properties, 2. spudding according to the drilling parameter on general stratum, 3. being judged according to bit pressure formation properties in drilling process, unit bit pressure is general stratum when being 15-25KN, unit bit pressure is crushed zone stratum in 15KN or so, unit bit pressure is karst strata when being 10-15KN, 4. replaces drilling parameter in time according to the bottom that judgement determines.Compared with prior art, present invention process method sentence layer in time, accurate, reacting cycle reliable operation, wear layer fastly can down tube retaining wall in time, retaining wall is reliable, reduces accident, and high-efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drilling technology, especially a kind of through air suitable for bad ground shale gas exploitation
Reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drilling technology.
Background technique
China's shale gas exploitation time is shorter, and shale gas drilling process is mainly transplanted in oil drilling technique, due to shale
Geological conditions existing for gas is more complicated, depth is deep, or even has total depth to be 1000 meters and be crushed serious upper overburden formation, has
A little rock stratum karsts developing area, cranny development, complicated hydrogeological conditions, alternating layers are interlocked, and routinely technique drilling efficiency is low, accident
It is more, it is mainly shown as: first is that since complex formation, broken, lock of tool drilling happen occasionally, and it is sudden strong, unfreezing is difficult；Second is that
Structure development, groundwater net is criss-cross, and causing circulatory mediator usually has into nothing, and wastes a large amount of retaining wall material.Hole wall collapses
It collapses, burying, lock of tool drilling take place frequently；Third is that unconformable strata alternating layers are interlocked, layer hardly possible is sentenced, specific aim technique is difficult to carry out.Construction effect
Rate is shunk significantly, and construction cost is multiplied.Therefore, a kind of through air suitable for bad ground shale gas exploitation is studied
Reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drilling technology is the current technical issues that need to address.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of through skies suitable for bad ground shale gas exploitation
Gas reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drilling technology.
The present invention the technical solution to solve the technical problem is that:
Through Air Reverse Circulation down-hole hammer drilling technology, which is characterized in that its processing step are as follows: 1. determine first general
The drilling parameter on stratum, crushed zone stratum and karst strata is determined according to setting formation properties, 2. according to the drilling on general stratum
Parameter is spudded in, and is 3. judged according to bit pressure formation properties in drilling process, and unit bit pressure is generally when being 15-25KN
Layer, unit bit pressure are crushed zone stratum in 15 KN or so, and unit bit pressure is karst strata when being 10-15KN, 4. according to judgement
The bottom of judgement replaces drilling parameter in time.
Preferably, general stratum is when bore diameter is Φ 400m, brill depth is 1000m, wind pressure of work 1.2-2MPa；Work
Making air quantity is >=35m3/ min deepens air quantity with hole depth and increases, and drilling speed is 20-40m/h and 3-5m aperture blowing is primary；Revolving speed is 12-
20r/min；Crushed zone stratum wind pressure of work is in 0.8-1.2MPa；Pneumatics fan delivery 30-70m3/min；Revolving speed is 12-20r/min
And every 2m borehole cleaning is primary；Karst strata drilling speed is in 10-15m, and revolving speed is in 10-15r/min, air quantity: pneumatics fan delivery >=35m3/
min；Wind pressure should be not less than 0.8MPa and every 2-3m borehole cleaning is primary.
The drilling parameter principle and points for attention on general stratum:
The rock breaking mechanism of through Air Reverse Circulation impactor is as direct circulation, the difference is that reverse circulation uses air quantity
Due to above returning differing greatly for section, air quantity difference is also larger.Reacting cycle air feed cost is the one small of direct circulation air feed cost
Part, due to small with air quantity, it is fast that medium takes rock upward velocity, so drilling speed is also high.High drilling speed can substantially reduce accident risk
Or cause drilling quality problem, so control technological parameter is still important.Below using 8 grades of stratum as standard, following drilling is determined
Parameter:
(1) bore diameter Φ 400m；
(2) depth 1000m is bored；
(3) wind pressure of work 1.2-2MPa；
(4) work air quantity is >=35m3/ min deepens air quantity with hole depth and increases；
(5) unit bit pressure is 15-25KN, and according to different lithology, drilling depth situation, the excessive too small drilling that can all seriously affect is imitated
Rate and tup service life；
(6) drilling speed is 20-40m/h, notices that 3-5m aperture blowing is primary, retaining hole bottom is clean；
(7) revolving speed be 12-20r/min, do not answer it is excessively high, it is excessively high can aggravate tup abrasion；
(8) pay attention to oil syringe lubrication, guarantee that impactor is working properly；
(9) unexpected blowing-out is prevented, adjunction drilling tool has to purge bottom hole completely, first proposes blowing-out after brill；
(10) it first blows in descend to bore afterwards when boring under；
(12) drilling depth again after impactor work, and pay attention to bottom hole junk, it is clean after regular feed.The technological parameter, most fastly
When reach 300m/h, this be it is experimental, be used with caution.
2. the drilling parameter principle and points for attention on crushed zone stratum:
When boring chance crushed zone, bit pressure can decline suddenly, and bed drain purge can increase suddenly, and air pressure can also be declined, ballistic work
It is decreased obviously, impact sound and frequency of impact can all be declined, this is because stratum crushing reduces rock-cutting power, broken rock speed
Degree increases, and drilling depth quickening causes bit pressure to reduce, and bed drain purge increases, and tup impacts on fractured rock, opposite intact rock, punching
Decline can all be had by hitting sound and frequency of impact, and encountering this situation must not advance rashly, if because a large amount of fractured rock cannot have
Effect is timely discharged, and may cause underground drilling accident；Qualitative is crushed zone；Quantitative: brill is met stratum (1) the unit bit pressure and is maintained at
15KN or so；(2) wind pressure of work maintains 0.8-1.2MPa or slightly higher, and air quantity is bigger, wind pressure is higher, and effect is better；(3) pneumatics
Fan delivery 30-70m3The aperture /min(≤400mm), it is worked at the same time as far as possible using two air compressor machines；(4) revolving speed: 12-20r/min,
Operation requires to be that every 2m borehole cleaning is primary.It requires to improve tup to last time borehole cleaning position when borehole cleaning, and guarantees that tup returns to bottom hole,
Otherwise will aperture blowing again, just can be with drilling depth, until safety pass through crushed zone after blowing clean.When crushed zone is thicker or cementing poor
It is contemplated that, there is burying or bit freezing in casing retaining wall or foam aerating (foam has certain retaining wall effect) drilling, it can adjunction conversion
Connector carries out blowback unfreezing, and when blowback will increase one times of air quantity or more, and the implementation of the technological parameter achieves promising result.Its
His points for attention are the same as 1.
3. the drilling parameter principle and points for attention of karst strata:
Through Air Reverse Circulation down-hole hammer is different from the reacting cycle working principle of other forms, it is dynamic according to air
The reverse circulation system that mechanics and air characteristics are set up, it is stable and reliable in work, is especially slipping dead band, as long as being higher than work
Face, which is no more than 250mm reacting cycle, to be worked normally, and investigation is substantially unaffected, and sky is slipped in construction can occur percussion drill accident,
It is longer to slip dead band or encounter underground underground river, bottom hole displacement may be caused, have to carry out with deviational survey back work is bored, guarantee position
It is as follows to move specific process parameter within the allowable range:
(1) bit pressure: unit bit pressure controls within the scope of 10-15KN, restores normal pressure after the completion of positioning；
(2) controlled drilling rate or feeding rate, drilling speed general control is in 10-15m, according to lithology, karsts developing area situation, more
It educates slower, otherwise can suitably accelerate；
(3) revolving speed: 10-15r/min should be maintained, hole deviation is prevented；
(4) air quantity: due to slipping sky, may cause part air quantity has different degrees of leakage, will affect deslagging effect, partially has
Direct circulation accumulation or even burying are identical as crushed zone requirement to increase volume of air supply；
(5) wind pressure: 0.8MPa should be not less than, otherwise should increase volume of air supply, keep operating pressure；
(6) it should be noted that burying caused by the sillar for preventing underground river from carrying, silt, every 2-3m borehole cleaning is primary, prevents accident from sending out
It is raw；
It (7), could regular feed after impactor is walked about normally after slipping sky every time on earth；
(8) operator or driller will maintain vigilance, and prevent high speed drilling string not well braked from causing the accident.It is not crept into the process implementing
Accident, using effect meet engineering design requirements；
4. the present invention requires hydrogeology:
Underwater buried depth must not exceed 70m under working condition, if, because operating back pressure increases, impactor will be unable to just more than 70m
Often work.
Other points for attention:
1. in shale gas probing, upper overburden formation is it is possible that a small amount of natural gas gas-bearing layer, it should be noted that discovery is adopted in time
Prevention and control measure is taken, prevents blowout and fire from occurring；
2. water-sensitive formation will carry out retaining wall processing in addition to crushed zone, is opened using brill after cement slurry pressure injection or setting of casing is solid
After well, it can continue to creep into.
Compared with prior art, present invention process method sentence layer in time, accurate, reacting cycle reliable operation, wear layer fastly can and
At present wall is managed and protected, retaining wall is reliable, reduces accident, and high-efficient.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is drilling process schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Through Air Reverse Circulation down-hole hammer drilling technology, which is characterized in that its processing step are as follows: 1. determine first general
The drilling parameter on stratum, crushed zone stratum and karst strata is determined according to setting formation properties, 2. according to the drilling on general stratum
Parameter is spudded in, and is 3. judged according to bit pressure formation properties in drilling process, and unit bit pressure is generally when being 15-25KN
Layer, unit bit pressure are crushed zone stratum in 15KN or so, and unit bit pressure is karst strata when being 10-15KN, 4. according to judgement
The bottom of judgement replaces drilling parameter in time.
General stratum is when bore diameter is Φ 400m, brill depth is 1000m, wind pressure of work 1.2-2MPa；Work air quantity
For >=35m3/ min deepens air quantity with hole depth and increases, and drilling speed is 20-40m/h and 3-5m aperture blowing is primary；Revolving speed is 12-20r/
min；Crushed zone stratum wind pressure of work is in 0.8-1.2MPa；Pneumatics fan delivery 30-70m3/min；Revolving speed is 12-20r/min and every
2m borehole cleaning is primary；Karst strata drilling speed is in 10-15m, and revolving speed is in 10-15r/min, air quantity: pneumatics fan delivery >=35m3/min；Wind
Pressure should be not less than 0.8MPa and every 2-3m borehole cleaning is primary.
Claims (1)
1. through Air Reverse Circulation down-hole hammer drilling technology, which is characterized in that its processing step are as follows: 1. determine first generally
Layer, crushed zone stratum and karst strata drilling parameter, according to setting formation properties determine, 2. according to general stratum drilling join
Number spuds in, and is 3. judged according to bit pressure formation properties in drilling process, and unit bit pressure is generally when being 15-25KN
Layer, unit bit pressure are crushed zone stratum in 15KN or so, and unit bit pressure is karst strata when being 10-15KN, 4. according to judgement
The bottom of judgement replaces drilling parameter in time；General stratum is when bore diameter is Φ 400m, brill depth is 1000m, wind pressure of work
For 1.2-2MPa；Work air quantity is 35m3/ min deepens air quantity with hole depth and increases, and drilling speed is 20-40m/h and 3-5m aperture blowing one
It is secondary；Revolving speed is 12-20r/min；Crushed zone stratum wind pressure of work is in 0.8-1.2MPa；Pneumatics fan delivery 30-70m3/min；Revolving speed
For 12-20r/min and every 2m borehole cleaning it is primary；Karst strata drilling speed is in 10-15m/h, and revolving speed is in 10-15r/min, air quantity: pneumatics
Fan delivery >=35m3/min；Wind pressure should be not less than 0.8MPa and every 2-3m borehole cleaning is primary.
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| CN201711222316.5A CN107893628B (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | Through Air Reverse Circulation down-hole hammer drilling technology |
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| CN201711222316.5A CN107893628B (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | Through Air Reverse Circulation down-hole hammer drilling technology |
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| CN107893628B true CN107893628B (en) | 2019-11-19 |
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| CN112377112B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-06-28 | 徐州雷曼机械科技有限公司 | Telescopic reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drill rod |
| CN112627753B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-05-31 | 中煤水文局集团有限公司 | Method for maintaining mud circulation in lost-return stratum |
| CN113236115A (en) * | 2021-06-27 | 2021-08-10 | 邯郸市伟业地热开发有限公司 | Method for passing broken belt in through type air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer drilling |
| CN113565431A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-10-29 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Pressure control method of air compressor for pneumatic down-the-hole hammer |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104632073A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-20 | 大连市勘察测绘研究院有限公司 | Reverse circulation drilling method of hollow down-hole hammer |
| CN104632112A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-20 | 大连市勘察测绘研究院有限公司 | Through-type downhole hammer reverse circulation drilling structure |
| CN206468289U (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-09-05 | 钱伟 | A kind of hollow hammer hole reacting cycle continuous sampling rig |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP5774147B2 (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2015-09-02 | 三和地下工事株式会社 | Blow-type drilling fluid injection device and high-pressure injection ground improvement method |
| KR101733217B1 (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-05-08 | 광성지엠(주) | Drilling apparatus for constructing jacket of offshore equipment and drilling method using the same |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104632073A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-20 | 大连市勘察测绘研究院有限公司 | Reverse circulation drilling method of hollow down-hole hammer |
| CN104632112A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-20 | 大连市勘察测绘研究院有限公司 | Through-type downhole hammer reverse circulation drilling structure |
| CN206468289U (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-09-05 | 钱伟 | A kind of hollow hammer hole reacting cycle continuous sampling rig |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Effective date of registration: 20180504 Address after: 057650 north side of Jinguang Yuan Road, Guang Ping County, Handan, Hebei Applicant after: HANDAN WEIYE GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT CO.,LTD. Address before: 056500 Handan, Cixian, Hebei, Shanxi, China, Shanxi Road, North America hardware family building 2 unit 2 floor East households Applicant before: HEBEI TIANLI ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: Drilling technology of through-type air reverse circulation DTH hammer Effective date of registration: 20220920 Granted publication date: 20191119 Pledgee: Guangping County Rural Credit Cooperative Pledgor: HANDAN WEIYE GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2022130000073 |
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Address after: 057651 North side of the middle section of Jin Guangyuan Road, Guangping County, Handan City, Hebei Province Patentee after: Hebei Weiye Geothermal New Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 057650 north side of Jinguang Yuan Road, Guang Ping County, Handan, Hebei Patentee before: HANDAN WEIYE GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT CO.,LTD. |
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