CN107892590B - Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using waste fungus bags - Google Patents
Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using waste fungus bags Download PDFInfo
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- CN107892590B CN107892590B CN201711238070.0A CN201711238070A CN107892590B CN 107892590 B CN107892590 B CN 107892590B CN 201711238070 A CN201711238070 A CN 201711238070A CN 107892590 B CN107892590 B CN 107892590B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing an organic fertilizer by using waste fungus bags, belongs to the field of enzymology or microbiology devices, and provides the following scheme aiming at the problems that the proportion of fermentation raw materials is difficult, the raw materials are artificially put into the fermentation device to cause bacterial pollution and the raw materials fall off in the composting fermentation process: s1, placing the tray on a conveyor belt below the batching roller, placing the batching in corresponding grooves of the batching roller respectively, wherein the arc length ratio of the grooves is the same as the volume ratio of the batching, and when the grooves on the batching roller rotate to the lowest point, the upper cover is opened; s3, the tray filled with ingredients is sent into a space surrounded by the fermentation plate by the conveyor belt, the outer boundary of the tray is contacted with the inner wall of the space surrounded by the fermentation plate, and along with the descending of the tray, the air below the tray is compressed and then diffused from the air outlet branch pipe with the one-way valve on the fermentation plate; and S4, the air outlet branch pipes are communicated with the same air outlet main pipe, and the air outlet of the air outlet main pipe is over against the blades arranged on the outer circumference of the batching roller.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to an enzymology or microbiology device, and particularly relates to fermentation equipment for manufacturing organic fertilizer by using mushroom dregs
Background
The waste edible fungus bags often contain some fungus residues, and the edible fungus residues contain rich organic matters, trace elements, various mycoprotein, metabolites and unused nutrient substances and are excellent raw materials for producing organic fertilizers. With the rapid development of the edible fungus industry, a large amount of waste edible fungus bags are generated, and fungus residues in the fungus bags cannot be effectively treated in time, so that not only is agricultural organic resources wasted, but also agricultural ecological environment is polluted. Therefore, the recovery of the fungus dregs in the fungus bag of the edible fungi to prepare the organic fertilizer has great significance.
In the traditional project of using the bacterial dregs to produce organic fertilizer, composting fermentation is an important process. In the composting fermentation process, in order to improve the composting efficiency and quality, a mode of adding exogenous microbial bacteria is often adopted. The equipment for producing the organic fertilizer by using the mushroom dregs usually needs to adjust the temperature and the humidity of the whole equipment; for example, when the bacterial dregs are used for preparing the selenium-rich organic fertilizer, after fermentation for 4 days, air blowing is required to be carried out at intervals, the composting temperature is 60-65 ℃, and the water content of raw materials fed into composting fermentation equipment is kept at about 65%.
For the fermentation of organic solids, Chinese patent CN104531521A proposes a tray type solid fermentation device, which comprises a fixed bed with holes in a tank body, a tray for fermentation raw materials arranged on the fixed bed, and a steam device at the bottom of the tank body, wherein the steam device comprises an air compressor, a sterile membrane filtering device communicated with the air compressor, and an automatic heating, cooling and humidifying adjusting device; the gas generated in the air compressor is filtered by the sterile membrane filtering device to become sterile gas, and the sterile gas is adjusted to the proper temperature by the automatic adjusting device for heating, cooling and humidifying.
According to the scheme, the problem that temperature and humidity of fermentation equipment are difficult to control is solved, but for the project of using the bacterial residues to manufacture the organic fertilizer, the bacterial residues, the animal wastes, the fermentation strains, the sodium nitrite, the urea, the lime powder for adjusting the pH value and the like are added into raw materials for composting fermentation according to a certain proportion. The above solution does not have this function.
Therefore, the above solution still has the following problems:
1) the proportioning of the fermentation raw materials is difficult, the manual proportioning cost is high, and the manual mode is adopted when the fermentation raw materials are placed in a tray, so that the manual cost is increased;
2) after the fermentation raw materials are placed in the tray, because the bottom of the tray adopts the net-shaped false bottom, the raw materials easily fall into the tray at the lower layer during fermentation, the quantity distribution in the tray is uneven, even the fermentation raw materials in the tray at the lower layer overflow the tray, and the raw materials are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing an organic fertilizer by using waste fungus bags, and aims to solve the problems that fermentation raw materials are difficult to mix, the raw materials are easy to pollute when being manually put in and the raw materials fall off in the composting fermentation process in the prior art.
In the method for manufacturing the organic fertilizer by using the waste fungus bags,
the fermentation equipment for producing the organic fertilizer by using the mushroom dregs comprises a fermentation part and a feeding part, wherein the feeding part comprises a batching roller and a conveying belt, the circumferential side wall of the batching roller is provided with a groove, and the arc length ratio of the groove is consistent with the volume ratio of the added raw materials; an upper cover is arranged on the groove and can open the groove; the side wall of the batching roller is also fixedly provided with blades which are distributed along the radial direction of the batching roller; the conveying belt is positioned below the batching roller and is loaded with the tray;
the fermentation part is positioned at one side of the ingredient part and comprises a fermentation cavity and an automatic temperature and humidity measuring and adjusting system; the moving direction of the conveyor belt faces to the fermentation part; the bottom wall of the fermentation cavity is vertically provided with a fermentation plate, the fermentation plate is detachably connected with the bottom wall of the fermentation cavity, the tray is conveyed to a position between the fermentation plates by a conveyor belt, the outer boundary of the tray is contacted with the inner wall of a space enclosed by the fermentation plates, the tray is conveyed to a position between the fermentation plates by the conveyor belt, the fermentation plates are communicated with air outlet branch pipes, the air outlet branch pipes are provided with one-way valves, the air outlet branch pipes are communicated with an air outlet main pipe, an air outlet of the air outlet main pipe is opposite to the blades on the batching roller, and an air outlet of;
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the tray on a conveyor belt below the batching roller, wherein the movement direction of the conveyor belt is towards the direction of a fermentation cavity, placing the batching in corresponding grooves of the batching roller respectively, the arc length ratio of the grooves is the same as the volume ratio of the batching, closing the grooves by using an upper cover, pushing the batching roller to rotate for the first time, and when the grooves on the batching roller rotate to the lowest point, opening the upper cover, and scattering the batching in the grooves in the tray;
s2, placing detachable fermentation plates in the fermentation cavity to form a space between the fermentation plates;
s3, the tray filled with ingredients is conveyed into a space surrounded by the fermentation plate by the conveyor belt, the outer boundary of the tray is in contact with the inner wall of the space surrounded by the fermentation plate, and along with the descending of the tray, the air below the tray is compressed and then diffused from the air outlet branch pipe with the one-way valve on the fermentation plate;
s4, the air outlet branch pipes are communicated with the same air outlet main pipe, the air outlet of the air outlet main pipe is over against the blades arranged on the outer circumference of the batching roller, and the blades are pushed by the air in the air outlet main pipe to rotate, so that the batching roller rotates subsequently.
The beneficial effect of this scheme has: 1) in the content S1, the raw materials in the grooves of the batching roller are sprinkled to the tray by utilizing the rotation of the batching roller, so that the manual contact is avoided, and the bacterial pollution is reduced; 2) in the content S1, all ingredients are filled in corresponding grooves of the ingredient roller, the proportion among the ingredients in the grooves of the ingredient roller is controlled through the radian proportion among the grooves on the ingredient roller, and because the ingredient roller rotates uniformly, the ingredient proportion received by a tray below the ingredient roller is consistent with the radian proportion of the corresponding grooves on the ingredient roller, so that the effect of accurately controlling the ingredient proportion in the tray is achieved; 3) in contents S3 and S4, the first rotation of the batching roller is pushed by the outside, then the rotation of the batching roller is pushed by wind provided by the air outlet main pipe, the wind in the air outlet main pipe is from the fact that the tray falls into a space surrounded by the fermentation plate, when the gravity of the tray is reduced, the pressure of the space below the tray is increased due to extrusion of the space below the tray, air below the tray is gathered to the air outlet main pipe through the air outlet branch pipe, and the air outlet main pipe blows blades of the batching roller to drive the batching roller to rotate, so that the scheme realizes the self-driving of the batching roller to a certain degree; 4) in the content S3, the space below the tray is limited by the fermentation plate, and the air below the tray can only overflow from the air outlet branch pipe after being extruded, so that the air flow speed below the tray is low, the impact force generated when the upper tray and the lower tray are contacted is reduced to a certain extent, and the structure of the tray is protected from deformation.
Further, in the content S2, in the content S2, after the tray is transported to the position of the transport port by the conveyor belt, the transport cover plate hinged above the transport port is knocked off and enters the space between the fermentation plates, and after the tray enters the space between the fermentation plates, the transport cover plate descends along with gravity and blocks the transport port again; the fermentation board on shallow dish upper surface, shallow dish all around and the fermentation lid that has the total hole of giving vent to anger form a space, and the total hole of giving vent to anger sets up in the fermentation board outside, and establishes the house steward of giving vent to anger, along with the lapse of shallow dish, the space is bigger and bigger, and the space is admitted air through the air inlet that sets up in the fermentation board top.
When the conveying belt conveys the tray to the conveying opening on the fermentation plate, the conveying cover plate on the conveying opening is pushed by the tray to enter a space enclosed by the fermentation plate, and the conveying cover plate returns to a vertical state again under the action of gravity after the tray enters, so that the conveying opening is blocked; the conveying cover plate blocks the conveying opening, and the fermentation part is covered by the fermentation cover, so that the fermentation part is in a sealed state; when the tray descends in the space enclosed by the fermentation plate, the part above the tray absorbs gas, the gas outlet main hole arranged on the fermentation plate communicates the space above the tray with the fermentation cavity outside the fermentation plate, and the part above the tray absorbs gas which is full of the fermentation cavity and is suitable for temperature and humidity after being adjusted by the automatic temperature and humidity measuring and adjusting system, so that the purpose of improving the temperature and humidity environment in the tray in the process of descending the tray is achieved.
Further, in the content S1, in the content S1, the upper cover hinged to the groove on the ingredient roller can be rotated centering on the hinge point as the ingredient roller rotates, thereby opening the groove.
Because the recess rotates along with the rotation of batching roller, consequently also rotates with recess articulated upper cover, when the upper cover rotated the minimum, when the recess was in minimum point position promptly, the upper cover received the effect of gravity, and the expansion end of upper cover is rotatory, exposes the recess to reach the batching in the recess and spill the purpose in the shallow dish, and then the batching roller continues to rotate, and the upper cover is because under the action of gravity, with the pin joint with the recess as the base point to recess direction internal rotation, reaches the effect of closing again.
Further, in the content S1, when the upper cover on the groove is located at the lowest horizontal point along with the rotation of the batching roller, the upper cover and the sliding plate slide down along the sliding rail on the side wall of the groove under the action of gravity, so that the material scattering openings on both sides of the sliding plate are exposed, and the groove is opened.
When the groove is at the lowest point, the upper cover on the groove is also at the lowest point, the upper cover and the sliding plate are under the action of gravity, the sliding plate fixedly connected with the upper cover and the upper cover slide downwards along the sliding rail, the material spreading openings at the positions, close to the upper cover, of two sides of the sliding plate are also exposed, and the ingredients in the groove are spread out from the material spreading openings; the groove gradually faces upwards along with the continuous rotation of the batching roller, the sliding plate is gradually pushed to retract along the sliding rail by the upper cover under the action of gravity, the sliding rail retracts into the groove, and the groove is gradually covered by the upper cover.
Further, in content S1, the upper cover pulls the extension spring under the effect of gravity for thereby extension spring length makes the distance between upper cover and the recess diapire elongate, reaches the effect of opening the recess.
When the groove is at the lowest point, the upper cover on the groove is also positioned at the lowest point, the upper cover receives the action of gravity and moves downwards, the tension force of the tension spring is balanced with the gravity, the descending upper cover exposes the groove, the ingredients in the groove are scattered out of the groove, then the groove gradually moves upwards along with the continuous rotation of the ingredient roller, the gravity component in the tension direction of the tension spring is smaller, and the tension spring pulls the upper cover back to the surface of the groove of the ingredient roller.
Further, in content S2, the fermentation plate includes an inner plate and an outer plate, the inner plate is slidably connected to the outer plate via a slide rail, the inner plate is provided with an air inlet hole, the outer plate is provided with an air inlet outer hole and an outer plate through hole, and the air inlet outer hole corresponds to the uppermost air inlet hole when the inner plate and the outer plate are on a horizontal line.
Considering the problem that the shallow trays stacked gradually can block air outlet branch holes in the fermentation plate, when the shallow trays descend, the air extruded below the shallow trays cannot be discharged from the air outlet branch holes, and further the batching roller cannot work normally, the scheme adopts a plurality of outer plate through holes as air outlet channels, corresponding air outlet branch pipes are arranged on the outer plate through holes, the inner plate is gradually lifted in the process of stacking the shallow trays, and the condition that the outer plate through holes can discharge air always in the space below the shallow trays in the descending process of the shallow trays is ensured (for example, when the first shallow tray falls, the inner plate is not moved; when the second shallow tray falls, the inner plate rises to expose two outer plate through holes, when the third shallow tray falls, the inner plate continues to rise to expose three outer plate through holes, and so on); and in the process of lifting the inner plate, when the air inlet inner plate is not lifted, the air inlet inner hole corresponds to the air inlet outer hole to form an air inlet channel, so that when the tray descends, the air with proper temperature and humidity outside the fermentation plate is sucked in the air inlet channel formed by the air inlet inner hole and the air inlet outer hole, and when the inner plate is lifted, the air inlet inner hole sequentially forms the air inlet channel with the outer plate through hole to finish air inlet of the space above the tray.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of equipment used in a first embodiment of the method for producing organic fertilizer by using waste fungus bags according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the configuration of the batching roller in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a batching roller in the apparatus used in the second embodiment of the method for producing organic fertilizer by using waste fungus bags;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an equipment seed proportioning roller adopted in a third embodiment of the method for producing organic fertilizer by using waste fungus bags;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the fermenting plate of FIG. 1.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by the specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a batching roller 1, a conveyor belt 2, a groove 11, an upper cover 12, blades 13, a fermentation plate 3, a tray 4, an air outlet branch pipe 31, an air outlet main pipe 32, a fermentation cover 33, a conveying cover plate 34, an inner plate 35, an outer plate 36, an air inlet inner hole 37, an air inlet outer hole 38 and an outer plate through hole 39.
Example one
The method for producing the organic fertilizer by using the waste fungus bags comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the tray on a conveyor belt below the batching roller, wherein the movement direction of the conveyor belt is towards the direction of a fermentation cavity, placing the batching in corresponding grooves of the batching roller respectively, the arc length ratio of the grooves is the same as the volume ratio of the batching, closing the grooves by using an upper cover, pushing the batching roller to rotate for the first time, and when the grooves on the batching roller rotate to the lowest point, opening the upper cover, and scattering the batching in the grooves in the tray; in the content S1, the base end of the upper cover is hinged to the groove, and the movable end of the upper cover is rotatable;
s2, placing detachable fermentation plates in the fermentation cavity to form a space between the fermentation plates; a fermentation cover is arranged above the fermentation plate, the fermentation cover can completely cover the fermentation part, a gas outlet main hole convenient for leading a gas outlet main pipe to the direction of the blades of the batching roller is arranged on the fermentation cover, a conveying opening and a conveying cover plate are arranged on the fermentation plate, the base end of the conveying cover plate is hinged with one side of the fermentation plate, which is far away from the conveyor belt, the movable end of the conveying cover plate can rotate, the conveying opening can be completely covered by the conveying cover plate, the hinge point of the conveying cover plate and the fermentation plate is higher than the height of the conveyor belt, and the upper part of the fermentation plate is provided; the fermentation plate comprises an inner plate and an outer plate, the inner plate is connected with the outer plate in a sliding mode through a sliding rail, an air inlet inner hole is formed in the inner plate, an air inlet outer hole and an outer plate through hole are formed in the outer plate, and when the inner plate and the bottom of the outer plate are on the same horizontal line, the air inlet inner hole corresponds to the air inlet outer hole;
s3, the tray filled with ingredients is conveyed into a space surrounded by the fermentation plate by the conveyor belt, the outer boundary of the tray is in contact with the inner wall of the space surrounded by the fermentation plate, and along with the descending of the tray, the air below the tray is compressed and then diffused from the air outlet branch pipe with the one-way valve on the fermentation plate;
s4, the air outlet branch pipes are communicated with the same air outlet main pipe, the air outlet of the air outlet main pipe is over against the blades arranged on the outer circumference of the batching roller, and the blades are pushed by the air in the air outlet main pipe to rotate, so that the batching roller rotates subsequently.
In order to realize the method, the invention also discloses fermentation equipment for manufacturing the organic fertilizer by using the mushroom dregs, and as shown in figure 1, the fermentation equipment for manufacturing the organic fertilizer by using the mushroom dregs comprises a fermentation part and a feeding part;
the fermentation part comprises a fermentation cavity and an automatic temperature and humidity measuring and adjusting system, wherein the automatic temperature and humidity measuring and adjusting system comprises an air compressor, a steam pipe and an automatic adjusting device with heating, cooling and humidifying functions; the bottom of the fermentation cavity is communicated with an automatic temperature and humidity measuring and adjusting system; the fermentation part is the prior art, so redundant description is not repeated in the application;
the feeding part comprises a batching roller 1 and a conveyor belt 2, wherein the circumferential side wall of the batching roller 1 is provided with grooves 11, the number of the grooves 11 is consistent with the types of the added raw materials (for example, three kinds of the added raw materials are A, B, C, the number of the grooves 11 is three), and the ratio of the arc lengths of the grooves 11 is consistent with the ratio of the added raw materials (for example, the ratio of the three raw materials is A, B, C, the ratio of the raw materials is A: B: C: 3:2:1, the arc length of the groove for placing the raw material A: the arc length for placing the raw material B: the arc length for placing the raw material C: 3:2: 1); an upper cover 12 is arranged on the groove 11, when the groove 11 is at the lowest point of the upper cover 12, the upper cover 12 is opened, the groove 11 is exposed, specifically, one end of the upper cover 12 is hinged with the groove 11, and the upper cover 12 can rotate by taking a hinged point as a center; the side wall of the batching roller 1 is also fixedly provided with blades 13, and the blades 13 are vertical to two end faces of the batching roller 1;
the conveyor belt 2 is positioned below the batching roller 1, and the moving direction of the conveyor belt 2 points to the fermentation part; the moving speed of the conveyor belt 2 is integral multiple of the rotating linear speed of the batching roller 1;
the bottom wall of the fermentation cavity is vertically provided with fermentation plates 3, the fermentation plates 3 are detachably connected with the bottom wall of the fermentation cavity (in the scheme, joggled joint is adopted), shallow trays 4 are arranged between the fermentation plates 3, the fermentation plates 3 enclose a synthetic space, the outer boundary of each shallow tray 4 is in contact with the inner wall of the synthetic space enclosed by the fermentation plates 3, and the shallow trays 4 are conveyed to enter the fermentation plates 3 through a conveyor belt 2; an air outlet branch hole is formed in the fermentation plate 3, an air outlet branch pipe 31 is arranged in the air outlet branch hole, a one-way valve is arranged on the air outlet branch pipe 31, the air outlet branch pipe 31 is communicated with an air outlet main pipe 32, and an air outlet of the air outlet main pipe 32 is opposite to the blade 13 on the batching roller 1;
a fermentation cover 33 is arranged on the fermentation plate 3, the fermentation part can be completely covered by the fermentation cover 33, a gas outlet main hole is arranged on the fermentation cover 33, and a gas outlet main pipe 32 is arranged in the gas outlet main hole; a conveying opening is formed in the fermenting plate 3, a conveying cover plate 34 is hinged to one side, far away from the conveyor belt 2, of the fermenting plate 3, the conveying cover plate 34 can completely block the conveying opening, the hinged portion of the conveying cover plate 34 and the fermenting plate 3 is higher than the conveying opening, and an air inlet is formed in the upper portion of the fermenting plate 3; the height of the conveying opening is consistent with that of the conveyor belt 2, so that the tray 4 on the conveyor belt 2 can enter a space enclosed by the fermentation plate 3; the fermentation plate 3 comprises an inner plate 35 and an outer plate 36, the inner plate 35 is connected with the outer plate 36 in a sliding mode through a sliding rail, the inner plate 35 is provided with an air inlet inner hole 37, the outer plate 36 is provided with an air inlet outer hole 38, when the bottoms of the inner plate 35 and the outer plate 36 are on the same horizontal line, the air inlet inner hole 37 corresponds to the air inlet outer hole 38, and the outer plate 36 is evenly provided with outer plate 36 through holes.
As shown in fig. 3, the grooves 11 formed in the circumferential side wall of the batching roller 1 are used for feeding batching, and each groove 11 can feed a batching, wherein the batching proportion is consistent with the arc length proportion of the groove 11, so that the batching capacity proportion in the groove 11 is consistent with the required batching proportion; the grooves 11 are provided with upper covers 12 to ensure that the ingredients in the grooves 11 cannot be scattered randomly during movement, the upper covers 12 are opened when the grooves 11 are at the lowest point to expose the grooves 11, so that when the grooves 11 are at the lowest point, the ingredients in the grooves 11 can be scattered onto the tray 4 on the conveyor belt 2 right below, the ingredient roller 1 can rotate, the grooves 11 on the ingredient roller 1 alternately reach the lowest point along with the rotation of the ingredient roller 1, the upper covers 12 on the ingredient roller 1 are opened alternately, as the grooves 11 rotate along with the rotation of the ingredient roller 1, the upper covers 12 hinged with the grooves 11 also rotate, when the upper covers 12 rotate to the lowest point, namely the grooves 11 are at the lowest point position, the upper covers 12 are under the action of gravity, the movable ends of the upper covers 12 rotate to expose the grooves 11, so that the ingredients in the grooves 11 can fall into the tray 4, then the batching roller 1 continues to rotate, the upper cover 12 rotates towards the groove 11 by taking a hinge point with the groove 11 as a base point under the action of gravity, and the effect of covering again is achieved;
the ingredients in the grooves 11 are scattered downwards in turn, a shallow disc 4 is arranged on the conveyor belt 2 below the ingredient roller 1, and the shallow disc 4 receives the ingredients scattered on the ingredient roller 1; the batching roller 1 uniformly rotates, so that the proportion of the batching received by the tray 4 below the batching roller 1 is consistent with the arc length ratio of the groove 11 corresponding to the batching (namely, the batching A in the tray, the batching B in the tray, the batching C in the tray, the arc length of the groove 11 where the batching A is located, the arc length of the groove 11 where the batching B is located, and the arc length of the groove 11 where the batching C is located, are 3:2: 1); the moving direction of the conveyor belt 2 points to the fermentation part, namely the conveyor belt 2 conveys the shallow tray 4 with the ingredients to the fermentation part for fermentation; the moving speed of the conveyor belt 2 is integral multiple of the rotating linear speed of the batching roller 1, so that the tray 4 on the conveyor belt 2 can receive all the batching scattered by the batching roller 1;
the fermentation plate 3 is vertically arranged on the bottom wall of the fermentation, a space is enclosed between the fermentation plates 3, the tray 4 with ingredients is conveyed into the enclosed space of the fermentation plates 3 by the conveyor belt 2, namely when the tray 4 is conveyed to the conveying opening on the fermentation plate 3 by the conveyor belt 2, the conveying cover plate 34 on the conveying opening is pushed by the tray 4 to enter the space enclosed by the fermentation plates 3, and the conveying cover plate 34 is restored to the vertical state again under the action of gravity after the tray 4 enters, so that the conveying opening is blocked; since the delivery cover 34 blocks the delivery opening and the fermentation part is covered by the fermentation cover 33, the fermentation part is in a sealed state; the tray 4 is contacted with the fermentation plate 3, the tray 4 vertically descends under the action of gravity, the space below the tray 4 is gradually reduced and the pressure is increased due to the contact of the tray 4 and the fermentation plate 3, the air below the tray 4 is pressed to the air outlet branch pipes 31 due to the fact that the air outlet branch pipes 31 are arranged in the air outlet branch holes in the fermentation plate 3, the air outlet branch pipes 31 are converged to the air outlet header pipe 32, and airflow flows out of the air outlet header pipe 32; meanwhile, the space above the tray 4 is increased, air is sucked above the tray 4, and because the air outlet branch pipe 31 is provided with the one-way valve, air in the air outlet branch pipe 31 above the tray 4 cannot be sucked out by low pressure above the tray 4; the shallow tray 4 descends slowly due to the action of air resistance in the descending process;
in addition, because the fermentation plate 3 limits the space below the tray 4, the air below the tray 4 can only overflow from the air outlet branch pipe 31 after being extruded, so that the air flow dispersing speed below the tray 4 is low, the impact force generated when the upper tray 4 and the lower tray 4 are contacted is reduced to a certain extent, and the tray 4 is prevented from falling off at high altitude and damaging the structure of the tray 4 below; meanwhile, when the tray 4 descends in the space enclosed by the fermentation plate 3, the part above the tray 4 absorbs gas, the gas outlet holes arranged on the fermentation plate 3 communicate the space above the tray 4 with the fermentation cavity outside the fermentation plate 3, and the part above the tray 4 absorbs gas which is filled in the fermentation cavity and has proper temperature and humidity after being regulated by the automatic temperature and humidity measuring and regulating system, so that the aim of improving the temperature and humidity environment in the tray 4 in the descending process of the tray 4 is fulfilled;
the air outlet of the air outlet main pipe 32 aims at the blades 13 on the batching roller 1, the air outlet main pipe 32 can blow the blades 13 to push the batching roller 1 to move subsequently, and it is worth noting that before the first tray 4 enters the fermentation part, the rotation of the batching roller 1 needs to be exerted by external force, when the trays 4 successively enter the fermentation part, the trays 4 intermittently extrude the surrounding space of the fermentation plate 3 below, the pressure intensity of the space below the trays 4 is increased, the air below the trays 4 is gathered to the air outlet main pipe 32 through the air outlet branch pipe 31, and the air outlet main pipe 32 pushes the blades 13 to rotate so as to drive the batching roller 1 to rotate;
as shown in fig. 5, the air inlet inner hole 37 corresponds to the air inlet outer hole 38, when the tray 4 descends in the space enclosed by the fermenting plate 3, the space above the tray 4 increases, the air pressure decreases, and the air above the tray 4 can be pumped out through the air inlet inner hole 37 and the air inlet outer hole 38; in the scheme, a plurality of outer plate through holes 39 are used as air outlet channels, the inner plate 35 is gradually lifted in the stacking process of the tray 4, and the outer plate through holes 39 in the space below the tray 4 can be used for exhausting air in the descending process of the tray 4 (for example, when the first tray falls, the inner plate is not moved; when the second tray falls, the inner plate rises to expose two outer plate through holes 39, when the third tray falls, the inner plate continues to rise to expose three outer plate through holes, and the like); and in the process that the inner plate 35 is lifted, when the air inlet inner plate is not lifted, the air inlet inner hole 37 corresponds to the air inlet outer hole 38 to form an air inlet channel, so that when the tray 4 descends, the space above the tray 4 absorbs air with appropriate temperature and humidity outside the fermentation plate 3 from the air inlet channel formed by the air inlet inner hole 37 and the air inlet outer hole 38, and when the inner plate is lifted, the air inlet inner hole 37 sequentially forms an air inlet channel with the outer plate through hole 39 to complete air inlet of the space above the tray 4.
Example two
The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that in the content S1, a sliding rail is disposed on a side wall of the groove, a sliding plate is fixedly connected to a side of the upper cover close to the groove, so that the sliding plate can slide on the sliding rail, and a material discharge port is disposed on both sides of the sliding plate close to the upper cover.
Therefore, the apparatus adopted in this embodiment is different from the apparatus adopted in the first embodiment in that, as shown in fig. 3, the side wall of the groove 11 is provided with a slide rail, the upper cover 12 is fixedly connected with a sliding plate, the sliding plate can slide on the slide rail, and two sides of the sliding plate near the upper cover 12 are provided with a material discharge port.
When the groove 11 is at the lowest point, the upper cover 12 on the groove 11 is also at the lowest point, the upper cover 12 receives the action of gravity, the sliding plate fixedly connected with the upper cover 12 slides downwards along the sliding rail, so that the upper cover 12 moves downwards, the material spreading openings at the two sides of the sliding plate, which are close to the upper cover 12, are also exposed, and the ingredients in the groove 11 are spread out from the material spreading openings; as the batching roller 1 continues to rotate, the groove 11 gradually moves upwards, the upper cover 12 gradually pushes the sliding plate to retract along the sliding rail under the action of gravity, the sliding rail retracts into the groove 11, and the upper cover 12 gradually covers the groove 11.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that, in the content S1, a tension spring is used to connect the upper cover 12 and the bottom wall of the recess 11.
The device adopted in the present embodiment is different from the device adopted in the first embodiment in that, as shown in fig. 4, the upper cover 12 is connected with the bottom wall of the groove 11 through a tension spring.
When the groove 11 is at the lowest point, the upper cover 12 on the groove 11 is also at the lowest point, the upper cover 12 receives the action of gravity and moves downwards, the tension force of the tension spring is balanced with the gravity, the descending upper cover 12 exposes the groove 11, the ingredients in the groove 11 are scattered out of the groove 11, then the groove 11 gradually moves upwards along with the continuous rotation of the ingredient roller 1, the gravity component along the tension direction of the tension spring is smaller originally, and the tension spring pulls the upper cover 12 back to the surface of the groove 11 of the ingredient roller 1.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention, and common general knowledge in the field of known specific structures and characteristics is not described herein in any greater extent than that known in the art at the filing date or prior to the priority date of the application, so that those skilled in the art can now appreciate that all of the above-described techniques in this field and have the ability to apply routine experimentation before this date can be combined with one or more of the present teachings to complete and implement the present invention, and that certain typical known structures or known methods do not pose any impediments to the implementation of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The method for manufacturing the organic fertilizer by using the waste fungus bags is characterized by being realized by adopting fermentation equipment for manufacturing the organic fertilizer by using fungus residues, wherein the fermentation equipment comprises a fermentation part and a feeding part, the feeding part comprises a batching roller and a conveying belt, the circumferential side wall of the batching roller is provided with a groove, and the arc length ratio of the groove is consistent with the volume ratio of the added raw materials; an upper cover is arranged on the groove and can open the groove; the side wall of the batching roller is also fixedly provided with blades which are distributed along the radial direction of the batching roller; the conveying belt is positioned below the batching roller and is loaded with the tray;
the fermentation part is positioned at one side of the ingredient part and comprises a fermentation cavity and an automatic temperature and humidity measuring and adjusting system; the moving direction of the conveyor belt faces to the fermentation part; the bottom wall of the fermentation cavity is vertically provided with a fermentation plate, the fermentation plate is detachably connected with the bottom wall of the fermentation cavity, the tray is conveyed to a position between the fermentation plates by a conveyor belt, the outer boundary of the tray is contacted with the inner wall of a space enclosed by the fermentation plates, the tray is conveyed to a position between the fermentation plates by the conveyor belt, the fermentation plates are communicated with air outlet branch pipes, the air outlet branch pipes are provided with one-way valves, the air outlet branch pipes are communicated with an air outlet main pipe, an air outlet of the air outlet main pipe is opposite to the blades on the batching roller, and an air outlet of;
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the tray on a conveyor belt below the batching roller, wherein the movement direction of the conveyor belt is towards the direction of a fermentation cavity, placing the batching in corresponding grooves of the batching roller respectively, the arc length ratio of the grooves is the same as the volume ratio of the batching, closing the grooves by using an upper cover, pushing the batching roller to rotate for the first time, and when the grooves on the batching roller rotate to the lowest point, opening the upper cover, and scattering the batching in the grooves in the tray;
s2, placing detachable fermentation plates in the fermentation cavity to form a space between the fermentation plates;
s3, the tray filled with ingredients is conveyed into a space surrounded by the fermentation plate by the conveyor belt, the outer boundary of the tray is in contact with the inner wall of the space surrounded by the fermentation plate, and along with the descending of the tray, the air below the tray is compressed and then diffused from the air outlet branch pipe with the one-way valve on the fermentation plate;
s4, the air outlet branch pipes are communicated with the same air outlet main pipe, the air outlet of the air outlet main pipe is over against the blades arranged on the outer circumference of the batching roller, and the blades are pushed by the air in the air outlet main pipe to rotate, so that the batching roller rotates subsequently.
2. The method for manufacturing organic fertilizer by using waste fungus bags according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the content S2, after the tray is conveyed to the conveying port by the conveyor belt, the conveying cover plate hinged above the conveying port is knocked open and enters the space between the fermentation plates, and after the tray enters the space between the fermentation plates, the conveying cover plate descends along with the gravity and blocks the conveying port again; the fermentation board on shallow dish upper surface, shallow dish all around and the fermentation lid that has the total hole of giving vent to anger form a space, and the total hole of giving vent to anger sets up in the fermentation board outside, and establishes the house steward of giving vent to anger, along with the lapse of shallow dish, the space is bigger and bigger, and the space is admitted air through the air inlet that sets up in the fermentation board top.
3. The method for manufacturing organic fertilizer by using waste fungus bags according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the content S1, as the ingredient roller rotates, the upper cover hinged to the upper groove of the ingredient roller can rotate centering on the hinge point, thereby opening the groove.
4. The method for manufacturing organic fertilizer by using waste fungus bags according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the content S1, when the upper cover on the groove is at the lowest horizontal point along the rotation of the batching roller, the upper cover and the sliding plate slide downwards along the sliding rails on the side walls of the groove under the action of gravity, so that the material scattering openings on the two sides of the sliding plate are exposed, and the groove is opened.
5. The method for manufacturing organic fertilizer by using waste fungus bags according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in content S1, the upper cover pulls the extension spring under the effect of gravity for extension spring length thereby makes the distance between upper cover and the recess diapire elongate, reaches the effect of opening the recess.
6. The method for manufacturing organic fertilizer by using waste fungus bags according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in content S2, the fermentation plate comprises an inner plate and an outer plate, the inner plate is connected with the outer plate in a sliding manner through a slide rail, an air inlet inner hole is formed in the inner plate, an air inlet outer hole and an outer plate through hole are formed in the outer plate, and when the bottom of the inner plate and the bottom of the outer plate are on the same horizontal line, the air inlet outer hole corresponds to the uppermost air inlet inner hole.
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| CN106977242A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-07-25 | 安徽鹰龙工业设计有限公司 | A kind of closed organic fertilizer fermenting apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| AT402207B (en) * | 1991-09-23 | 1997-03-25 | Johannes Zimmer | METHOD FOR SELECTING OR COMBINABLE EDITING OF SHAPED MATERIAL |
| CN1842466A (en) * | 2004-07-21 | 2006-10-04 | I.M.A.工业机械自动装置股份公司 | Dosing device for feeding an infusion product |
| CN103304289A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-09-18 | 通海县褔慧科技有限公司 | Quantitative batching machine for waste vegetable leaf organic fertilizer |
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| CN107892590A (en) | 2018-04-10 |
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