CN107891655A - 包括热塑性墨层的装饰层压件和相关方法 - Google Patents

包括热塑性墨层的装饰层压件和相关方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107891655A
CN107891655A CN201710894871.6A CN201710894871A CN107891655A CN 107891655 A CN107891655 A CN 107891655A CN 201710894871 A CN201710894871 A CN 201710894871A CN 107891655 A CN107891655 A CN 107891655A
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China
Prior art keywords
ink
layer
thermoplasticity
decorative laminate
decorative
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Pending
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CN201710894871.6A
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English (en)
Inventor
J·W·德雷克斯勒
J·C·维尔德
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Boeing Co
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Boeing Co
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Publication of CN107891655A publication Critical patent/CN107891655A/zh
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请涉及包括热塑性墨层的装饰层压件和相关方法。具体地,一种示例设备包括:增强层,该增强层向装饰层压件提供刚性;热塑性墨,该热塑性墨被施加到增强层,以形成装饰层压件的装饰图案;以及膜层,该膜层联接到热塑性墨,以形成装饰层压件。膜层保持装饰图案。在膜层联接到热塑性墨时热塑性墨硬化。

Description

包括热塑性墨层的装饰层压件和相关方法
技术领域
本专利总体涉及装饰层压件(decorative laminate),更具体地涉及包括热塑性墨层的装饰层压件和相关方法。
背景技术
交通工具(例如,大规模运输交通工具、牵引式挂车、个人汽车等)、建筑物和/或其他结构(例如,广告牌)包括对交通工具中的人们可见的表面。时常地,这些表面为了美学、信息和/或广告目的而包括装饰图像。例如,飞行器和/或其他大规模运输交通工具(例如,公共汽车、火车、船等)的一些内表面包括识别大规模运输提供者(例如,航空公司)的装饰图像和/或另一个实体的广告。在一些情况下,装饰图像由联接到交通工具、建筑物和/或其他结构的表面的装饰层压件来形成。
发明内容
在一个示例中,一种设备包括增强层,该增强层用于向装饰层压件提供刚性;热塑性墨,该热塑性墨被施加到增强层,以形成装饰层压件的装饰图案;以及膜层,该膜层联接到热塑性墨,以形成装饰层压件。膜层保持装饰图案。在膜层联接到热塑性墨时热塑性墨硬化(solidified)。
在另一个示例中,一种方法包括以下步骤:向增强层施加热塑性墨。增强层用于向装饰层压件提供刚性。热塑性墨用于形成装饰层压件的装饰图案。该方法包括以下步骤:硬化被施加到增强层的热塑性墨;以及将膜层联接到热塑性墨,以形成装饰层压件。膜层保持装饰层压件的装饰图案。
在另一个示例中,一种设备包括用于向装饰层压件提供刚性的装置;和用于形成装饰图案的装置,该装置被施加到用于提供刚性的装置,以形成装饰层压件的装饰图案。在被施加到用于提供刚性的装置时,用于形成装饰图案的装置硬化。保持装饰图案的装置联接到用于形成装饰图案的装置,以保持装饰图案。
附图说明
图1描绘了根据这里的示教的示例飞行器。
图2描绘了根据这里的示教的、联接到图1的飞行器的内表面的示例装饰层压件。
图3A是根据这里的示教的示例装饰层压件的立体图。
图3B是图3A的装饰层压件的分解图。
图4是没有纹理化表面的、图3A至图3B的装饰层压件的部分剖面图。
图5是具有纹理化表面的、图3A至图3B的装饰层压件的另一个部分剖面图。
图6A是根据这里的示教的另一个示例装饰层压件的立体图。
图6B是图7的装饰层压件的分解图。
图7是表示根据这里的示教的、组装图2的示例装饰层压件、图3A至图5的示例装饰层压件和/或图6A至图6B的示例装饰层压件的示例方法的流程图。
附图不是等比例。相反,为了使多个层和区域变得清楚,附图中可以放大层的厚度。在任何可能情况下,相同的附图标记将贯穿附图和伴随的书面描述用于提及相同或类似的零件。
具体实施方式
公共空间中的表面(例如,广告牌、建筑墙壁、交通工具面板等)为了美学、信息和/或广告目的而时常包括装饰图像。一些已知飞行器和/或其他大规模运输交通工具(例如,公共汽车、火车、船等)为了美学、信息和/或广告目的而在它们的表面上经常包括装饰图像(例如,装饰图案、词语、商标等)。例如,大规模运输交通工具的内表面包括识别大规模运输提供者(例如,航空公司)的装饰图像和/或另一个实体的广告。在一些示例中,装饰图像由联接到交通工具内表面的装饰层压件来形成。
许多已知装饰层压件包括多个层。例如,一些已知装饰层压件包括第一膜层、压花(embossing)树脂层、第二膜层、一个或更多个墨层、以及透明盖层。在这种示例中,压花树脂层布置在第一膜层与第二膜层之间,并且墨层布置在第二膜层与透明盖层之间。第一膜层向装饰层压件提供刚性和/或强度,并且压花树脂层将装饰层压件的层结合在一起,并且使得能够在装饰层压件中形成纹理。第二膜层可以由充当用于装饰层压件的装饰图像的底漆和/或基础层的不透明材料组成。进一步地,一个或更多个墨层被施加到第二膜层,以形成装饰图像。在这种示例中,墨层由水性墨组成,该水性墨经由丝网印刷施加到第二膜层,并且通过施加热量以蒸发水性墨的水来设置在适当的位置。进一步地,盖层透明,以使得能够观看由墨层和第二膜层形成的装饰图像。
虽然这种已知装饰层压件使得装饰图像能够显示在结构的表面上(例如,飞行器的内部面板上),但用于形成装饰层压件的层的数量、厚度和/或材料,可能向上面安装装饰层压件的结构(例如,飞行器)增加大量的重量。进一步地,一些已知装饰层压件可能需要大量的时间来制造。例如,生产和/或组装装饰层压件的多层(例如,多个膜层、压花树脂层、多个墨层、透明盖层)的时间量可能是大量的。另外或另选地,可能花费大量的时间来硬化(solidify)(例如固化(cure))将层结合在一起的压花树脂,和/或经由热量干燥水性墨。进一步地,这种已知装饰层压件的生产可能导致大量的浪费。例如,用于形成装饰层压件的材料(例如,压花树脂)中的一些可能不可回收,这防止回收所形成和/或部分形成的装饰层压件,由此产生浪费。另外,使用层的预切段来形成已知装饰层压件。大量的废料可能在切割和/或形成要组装的层的段时产生,从而导致与装饰层压件的形成关联的浪费。
这里公开的示例装饰层压件使用热塑性墨(例如,塑料溶胶),该热塑性墨形成装饰层压件的装饰图像和/或图案,并且硬化以结合到装饰层压件的相邻层(例如,增强层)。即,这里公开的示例的热塑性墨形成装饰层压件的装饰图案,并且结合到相邻的增强层。由此,在不使用专门压花树脂的情况下组装示例装饰层压件的层,从而减少用于形成装饰层压件的层的数量。通过减少用于形成装饰层压件的材料和/或层的数量,这里公开的示例减轻装饰层压件的重量。
进一步地,这里公开的示例显著减少与组装装饰层压件关联的制造时间和/或成本。例如,减少用于形成示例装饰层压件的层的数量减少制造时间和/或成本。另外或另选地,因为示例装饰层压件不使用压花树脂来组装装饰层压件,所以消除与硬化压花树脂关联的制造时间和/或成本。在一些示例中,这里公开的装饰层压件使用未分段的卷的材料来形成,从而进一步减少与分段并设置装饰层压件的分段层关联的浪费、制造成本和/或制造时间。
这里公开的示例装饰层压件包括:增强层,该增强层向装饰层压件提供刚性;和热塑性墨,该热塑性墨被施加到增强层,以形成装饰层压件的装饰图案。热塑性墨可以部分和/或完全覆盖增强层。进一步地,示例装饰层压件包括膜层,该膜层联接到热塑性墨,以形成装饰层压件。热塑性墨在膜层联接到热塑性墨时部分或完全硬化,以防止和/或阻止膜层损坏,和/或扭曲由热塑性墨形成的装饰图案。在一些示例中,装饰层压件具有纹理化表面。例如,热塑性墨被纹理化以形成装饰层压件的纹理化表面。
在一些示例中,热塑性墨由塑料溶胶组成,并且增强层由织造织物(wovenfabric)(例如,聚酯、玻璃纤维、碳纤维等)组成。例如,织造织物具有提高、改善、增强和/或以其他方式启用热塑性墨的塑料溶胶与增强层的织造织物之间的结合的纹理化表面。另外或另选地,膜层可以由透明热塑性膜和粘结层和/或硬化的透明热塑性墨层组成。
在一些示例中,热塑性墨包括多个热塑性墨层(例如,第一热塑性墨层、第二热塑性墨层等)。例如,第一热塑性墨层被施加到增强层,第二热塑性墨层被施加到第一热塑性墨层,并且膜层联接到第二热塑性墨层。在这种示例中,由各热塑性墨层的装饰图案的组合来形成装饰图案。例如,第一热塑性墨层可以具有覆盖增强层的第一图案,并且第二热塑性墨层可以具有部分覆盖第一图案的第二图案,以形成装饰层压件的装饰图案。
为了形成这里公开的示例装饰层压件,向增强层施加热塑性墨,在增强层上硬化(例如,固化)热塑性墨,并且将膜层联接到硬化的热塑性墨。为了硬化(例如,部分硬化)热塑性墨,热塑性墨被加热到至少大约150华氏度的温度。进一步地,为了形成装饰层压件的纹理化表面,将纹理媒介接触到膜层;经由纹理媒介向装饰层压件施加压力,以在装饰层压件中形成纹理;并且将装饰层压件加热到至少大约300华氏度的温度,以形成装饰层压件和/或设置装饰层压件中的纹理。
在一些示例中,装饰层压件由增强层的卷形成。例如,展开卷,以使得热塑性墨能够被施加到增强层,且使得膜层能够联接到热塑性墨,随后在形成装饰层压件时重绕卷。在热塑性墨包括第一热塑性墨层和第二热塑性墨层的示例中,在展开卷时向增强层施加第一热塑性墨层,硬化第一热塑性墨层,并且重绕卷。随后,再次展开卷,向第一热塑性墨层施加第二热塑性墨层,硬化第二热塑性墨层,并且再次重绕卷。另外或另选地,卷可以被展开且随后重绕为使得膜层能够联接到热塑性墨,和/或使得纹理化表面能够形成在装饰层压件中。
如这里使用的,术语“联接”涉及一个物体到另一个物体(例如,一层到另一层)的直接或间接附接。例如,如果第一物体的表面接触第二物体的表面,其间没有布置任何其他物体,则第一物体直接附接且由此联接到第二物体。如果第一物体不直接接触第二物体,相反而是经由被定位在第一物体与第二物体之间的中间物体(例如,层)而固定到第二物体,则第一物体间接附接且由此联接到第二物体。进一步地,如这里使用的,术语“施加”也提及一个物体到另一个物体(例如,一层到另一层)的直接或间接附接。
转到附图,图1例示了包括从机身104横向向外延伸的翼102(例如,右翼和左翼)的示例飞行器100。所例示示例的各个翼102经由吊架108支撑飞行器发动机106。乘客舱110布置在所例示示例的机身104内。
图2例示了图1的飞行器100的乘客舱110的一部分。乘客舱110部分由上壁202和侧壁204来限定。在所例示示例中,上壁202由上壁面板206形成,并且侧壁204由限定窗户210的侧壁面板208形成。如图2例示,乘客舱110包括座位212和舱顶行李箱214。例如,在飞行器100的飞行期间、之前和/或之后,乘客要坐在座位212中,并且乘客的随身行李和/或其他材料要装载在舱顶行李箱214中。
如图2例示,舱顶行李箱214包括相应的门216。在所例示示例中,舱顶行李箱214的各个门216处于关闭位置,使得由舱顶行李箱214保持布置在舱顶行李箱214中的行李和/或其他材料。舱顶行李箱214的门216由相应面板218形成。例如,各个面板218由蜂窝面板组成。蜂窝面板是其中芯层布置在两个相对的增强层之间的复合结构。在一些示例中,芯层由轻质材料组成,并且具有向蜂窝面板提供挠曲强度(例如,弯曲刚度)的结构(例如,蜂窝图案)。例如,芯层可以由蜂窝芯、泡沫芯和/或其组合组成。由此,芯层在不增加大量重量的情况下向面板提供挠曲强度。进一步地,在一些示例中,各个增强层包括:用向蜂窝面板提供压缩强度的树脂预浸透的纤维层(例如,玻璃纤维、石墨布、合成纤维(例如,芳纶纤维)、天然纤维(例如,木材、亚麻、纤维素、黄麻、大麻、秸秆、柳枝稷、洋麻、棉花、椰壳纤维、竹子等))。
根据本公开的示教的示例装饰层压件220联接到门216的面板218。例如,各个装饰层压件220联接到相应的一个面板218。在所例示示例中,装饰层压件220被定位为形成(例如,天空、高山以及树木的)装饰图案或图像222。例如,可以为了美学、信息和/或广告目的而在飞行器的乘客舱110中显示装饰图像222。虽然装饰层压件220在所例示示例中形成装饰图像222,但装饰层压件220在其他示例中可以形成多于一个装饰图像。例如,各个装饰层压件220可以独立于其他装饰层压件220形成装饰图像。例如,第一装饰层压件可以显示与第二装饰层压件的第二装饰图像、第三装饰层压件的第三装饰图像等无关和/或相同的第一装饰图像。
另外或另选地,装饰层压件220可以联接到飞行器100乘客舱110的上壁面板206、侧壁面板208和/或任意其他表面。例如,上壁面板206和/或侧壁面板208由使得装饰层压件220能够施加于上壁面板206和/或侧壁面板208的蜂窝面板和/或任意其他面板和/或材料组成。进一步地,示例装饰层压件220可以联接到飞行器100、其他大规模运输交通工具和/或任意其他结构的其他表面和/或面板。
图3A至图3B例示了根据本公开的示教的示例装饰层压件300。更具体地,图3A描绘了组装时的装饰层压件300,并且图3B描绘了装饰层压件300的分解图。
如图3A和图3B例示,装饰层压件300包括增强层302、热塑性墨层304以及膜或盖层306。热塑性墨层304联接和/或施加到增强层302的第一表面308,并且膜层306联接和/或施加到与增强层302相对的热塑性墨层304,使得热塑性墨层304布置在增强层302与膜层306之间。
装饰层压件300的增强层302向装饰层压件300提供刚性和/或强度,例如以使得装饰层压件300能够牢固地联接、固定和/或粘附到结构的表面(例如,图2的面板218的表面)。例如,增强层302由织造织物或非织造织物(诸如聚酯、玻璃纤维、碳纤维)和/或任意其他耐用织物组成。在其他示例中,增强层302由刚性膜组成。为了使得增强层302能够不变形地承受装饰层压件300的制造过程,增强层的材料在相当高的温度(例如,大约在150至320华氏度之间)下耐收缩和/或膨胀。进一步地,在一些示例中,向增强层302与第一表面308相对的表面310施加粘结层,以使得装饰层压件300能够联接和/或固定到结构的表面(例如,图2的一个面板218)。
示例装饰层压件300的热塑性墨层304包括形成装饰层压件300的装饰图案或图像312且结合到增强层302,以形成装饰层压件300的一层热塑性墨。例如,热塑性墨层304包括形成装饰图像312的颜色和/或图案。在所例示的示例中,热塑性墨层304是覆盖增强层302的固态层不透明墨。进一步地,热塑性墨层304的热塑性墨例如是塑料溶胶墨(即,非水性墨),在该塑料溶胶墨中,聚氯乙烯(PVC)的颗粒悬浮在:在向装饰层压件300施加热量时(例如,在墨被加热到至少大约150华氏度时)固化的液态增塑剂中。在增强层302由织物组成的示例中,塑料溶胶墨结合到织物的纤维,以将增强层302和热塑性墨层304牢固地结合在一起。热塑性墨层304可以由耐火材料组成,该耐火材料例如使得装饰层压件300能够满足与在飞行器上安装层压件关联的(例如,联邦航空局的)政府机关法规。
示例膜层306是透明层,该透明层联接到与增强层302的第一表面308相对的热塑性墨层304,以防止热塑性墨层304损坏,和/或以保持由热塑性墨层304形成的装饰图像312。进一步地,膜层306是透明透亮和/或半透明的,以使得能够在形成装饰层压件300时显示由热塑性墨层304形成的装饰图像312。在一些示例中,膜层306包括透明膜(例如,由聚氟乙烯组成)和联接到热塑性墨层304的粘结层。在其他示例中,膜层306是硬化热塑性墨的透明层。
为了形成示例装饰层压件300,热塑性墨层304被施加到增强层302的第一表面308,并且膜层306被施加到与增强层302相对的热塑性墨层304,使得热塑性墨层304布置在增强层302与膜层306之间。例如,热塑性墨层304经由(例如,使用旋转丝网和/或平板丝网的)丝网印刷过程而施加到增强层302,作为糊剂(paste)。进一步地,通过施加热量和/或以其他方式处理热塑性墨层304,来硬化(例如,固化)热塑性墨层304。例如,热塑性墨层304(例如,经由烤箱)加热到至少大约150华氏度的温度,以部分硬化热塑性墨层304,和/或加热到至少大约300华氏度的温度,以完全硬化热塑性墨层304。随后,将膜层306施加和/或联接到与增强层302相对的热塑性墨层304。在一些示例中,另一层热塑性墨经由丝网印刷处理施加到热塑性墨层304,和/或一层非热塑性墨(例如,水性墨)经由丝网印刷处理和/或数字印刷处理施加到热塑性墨层304。为了形成装饰层压件300,将装饰层压件300加热到至少大约300华氏度的温度,以将装饰层压件300的热塑性墨层304和增强层302结合在一起。在膜层306是透明的热塑性墨层的示例中,装饰层压件300被加热以将热塑性墨层304和膜层306结合在一起。
由此,形成装饰层压件300的装饰图像312的热塑性墨层304还将热塑性墨层304和增强层302结合在一起,从而减少装饰层压件300的层的数量。例如,装饰层压件300的层的减少数量减轻装饰层压件300的重量。进一步地,减少数量的层降低制造装饰层压件300的复杂度,和/或由制造过程产生的浪费,从而减少与装饰层压件300关联的制造时间和/或成本。
在一些示例中,装饰层压件300被形成在增强层202的卷上,以进一步缩短制造时间、制造成本和/或浪费。例如,为了形成装饰层压件300,初始展开增强层302的卷。在展开卷的同时,向增强层302的第一表面施加热塑性墨层,并且在该表面上硬化(例如,部分或完全地)。然后重绕增强层302的卷。随后,再次展开卷,将膜层306联接到热塑性墨层304,并且向装饰层压件300施加热量,以将热塑性墨层304结合到装饰层压件300的增强层302和/或膜层306。在形成装饰层压件300之后,可以再次重绕卷,以使得存储装饰层压件300的未切卷。通过在未预切增强层302、热塑性墨层304和/或膜层306的段将装饰层压件300形成为卷将装饰层压件300形成到卷上,减少与形成装饰层压件关联的制造时间、成本和/或浪费。
图4是示例装饰层压件300和用于形成具有大体平坦的纹理的、装饰层压件300的示例外表面404的示例纹理媒介或热压机402的部分剖面图。热压机402施加于装饰层压件300,以将热塑性墨层304结合到装饰层压件300的增强层302和/或膜层306。即,热压机402施加热量和/或压力,以将热塑性墨层304结合到增强层302和/或膜层306。例如,热压机402向装饰层压件300施加至少大约300度(例如,320度)的温度,以将热塑性墨层304结合到增强层302和/或膜层306,并且以完全硬化热塑性墨层304。如图4例示,热压机402包括表面406,该表面406接合装饰层压件300的外表面404,以使得热压机402能够向装饰层压件300施加热量和/或温度。在所例示的示例中,热压机402的表面为平坦的,使得装饰层压件300的外表面404为平坦的。进一步地,如图4例示,装饰层压件300的热塑性墨层304具有大于膜层306的厚度410(例如,第二厚度)的厚度408(例如,第一厚度)。
图5是示例装饰层压件300和用于形成压花或纹理化的、装饰层压件300的示例外表面504的另一个示例纹理媒介或热压机502的部分剖面图。外表面504的纹理或压花以及热塑性墨层304的颜色和/或图案形成装饰层压件300的装饰图像312(图3A至图3B)。例如,图2的装饰层压件220可以被压花以进一步例示图2的装饰图像222的树木和高山。
参照图5,热压机502具有接合装饰层压件300的外表面504的纹理化表面506。为了形成装饰层压件300,热压机502的纹理化表面506接合装饰层压件300的外表面504,并且热压机502施加热量和/或压力来将热塑性墨层304结合到增强层302和/或膜层306。因为热塑性墨层304在被热压机502硬化之前是有延展性的,所以热塑性墨层304随着热压机502的纹理化表面506向装饰层压件300施加热量和/或压力而变得纹理化或压花。如图5例示,热压机502的纹理化表面506产生热塑性墨层304的纹理化表面508。例如,在热压机502被施加到装饰层压件300之前,热塑性墨层304具有大体类似于使得热塑性墨层304能够变得纹理化的、图4的厚度408的均匀厚度。在具有纹理化表面506的热压机502接合装饰层压件300之后,热塑性墨层304具有由热压机502的纹理化表面506形成且与该纹理化表面506互补的非均匀厚度510。因为膜层306的厚度410保持大体均匀,所以热塑性墨层304的纹理化表面508使得装饰层压件300的外表面504被纹理化。
图6A和图6B例示了根据这里公开的示教的另一个示例装饰层压件600。更具体地,图6A描绘了组装时的装饰层压件600,并且图6B描绘了装饰层压件600的分解图。
如图6A和图6B例示,装饰层压件600包括增强层302、热塑性墨602以及膜层306。在所例示的示例中,热塑性墨602包括第一热塑性墨层604、第二热塑性墨层606以及第三热塑性墨层608。图6A和图6B的增强层302和膜层306与在图3A至图5中具有相同附图标记的部件大体类似或相同。进一步地,图6A和图6B的第一热塑性墨层604、第二热塑性墨层606以及第三热塑性墨层608与图3A至图5的热塑性墨层304大体类似或相同。因为关于图3A至图5详细描述了增强层302、热塑性墨层304以及膜层306,所以下面不进一步详细地描述增强层302、膜层306、第一热塑性墨层604、第二热塑性墨层606以及第三热塑性墨层608的一些特性。
如图6A和图6B例示,第一热塑性墨层604、第二热塑性墨层606以及第三热塑性墨层608形成装饰层压件600的装饰图案或图像610。例如,热塑性墨层604、606、608中的每一个均包括相应的颜色和/或图案。热塑性墨层604包括第一图案或图像612,热塑性墨层606包括第二图案或图像614,并且热塑性墨层608包括第三图案或图像616,这些图案或图像形成装饰图像610。例如,第一热塑性墨层604是被施加于增强层302以覆盖增强层302的不透明墨的固态层。进一步地,第二热塑性墨层606包括覆盖和/或部分覆盖第一热塑性墨层604的半透明和/或不透明墨,并且第三热塑性墨层608包括覆盖和/或部分覆盖第一热塑性墨层604和/或第二热塑性墨层606的半透明和/或不透明墨。例如,参照图2的装饰层压件220,第一热塑性墨层604形成装饰图像222的天空,第二热塑性墨层606形成高山,并且第三热塑性墨层608形成树木。
为了形成示例装饰层压件600,向增强层302施加第一热塑性墨层604,然后该墨层604在被加热至预定温度时硬化。随后,向第一热塑性墨层604施加第二热塑性墨层606,然后该墨层606在被加热至预定温度时硬化。进一步地,向第二热塑性墨层606、第一热塑性墨层604和/或增强层302施加第三热塑性墨层608,然后该墨层608在被加热至预定温度时硬化。在一些示例中,可以通过经由烤箱和/或其他加热装置将热塑性墨层604、606、608中对应的一个或更多个加热到至少大约300华氏度(例如,320华氏度)的温度,来完全硬化(例如,完全固化)热塑性墨层604、606、608中的一个或更多个。另外或另选地,可以通过经由烤箱和/或其他加热装置将热塑性墨层604、606、608中对应的一个或更多个加热到至少大约150华氏度(例如,160华氏度)的温度,来部分硬化热塑性墨层604、606、608中的一个或更多个。在这种示例中,随后在热压机(例如,图4的热压机402、图5的热压机502)向装饰层压件600施加热量来将装饰层压件600的层302、604、606、608结合在一起时,完全硬化被部分硬化的这些热塑性墨层604、606、608。通过初始经由烤箱和/或其他加热装置部分硬化热塑性墨层604、606、608,可以减少与装饰层压件600的生产关联的制造成本和/或时间。
在一些示例中,装饰层压件600被形成在增强层202的卷上,以进一步缩短制造时间、降低制造成本和/或浪费。例如,为了将第一热塑性墨层604加到装饰层压件600,从而展开卷,向展开的增强层302施加第一热塑性墨层604,硬化(例如,部分或完全)第一热塑性墨层604,并且重绕卷。进一步地,以与用于第一热塑性墨层604的方式类似的方式将第二和第三热塑性墨层606、608加到装饰层压件600。在施加热塑性墨层604、606、60之后,将膜层306联接到热塑性墨602,并且向装饰层压件600施加热量,以将装饰层压件600的层302、604、606、608结合在一起。
在所例示的示例中,热塑性墨602包括三个热塑性墨层(例如,第一、第二以及第三热塑性墨层604、606、608)。在其他示例中,热塑性墨602可以包括更多(例如,4、5、6等)或更少(例如,1、2)个热塑性墨层。例如,热塑性墨602可以具有两层,这两层包括施加于增强层302的第一热塑性墨层以及第而热塑性墨层,该第二热塑性墨层施加于第一热塑性墨层和/或增强层,并且膜层306施加于该第二热塑性墨层。
图7是表示根据这里的示教的、组装示例装饰层压件的示例方法700的流程图。虽然参照图7中例示的流程图描述了示例方法700,但另选地可以使用用于组装装饰层压件的许多其他方法。例如,可以改变块的执行顺序,和/或可以改变、消除或组合所述块中的一些。
用于组装装饰层压件的方法700关于图2的装饰层压件220、图3A至图5的装饰层压件300、和/或图6A至图6B的装饰层压件600来讨论。进一步地,因为方法700可以提及图2的装饰层压件220、图3A至图5的装饰层压件300和/或图6A至图6B的装饰层压件600,所以将不再详细描述具有与下面描述的部件的功能大体类似或相同的功能的、图2至图6B所识别的部件。相反,相同的附图标记将用于同样的结构。
为了形成装饰层压件(例如,图2的装饰层压件220、图3A至图5的装饰层压件300和/或图6A至图6B的装饰层压件600),这里所公开的示例方法700通过展开增强层(例如,图3A至图6B的增强层302)的卷,而在块702处开始。在块704处,向增强层施加第一热塑性墨层(例如,图3A至图5的热塑性墨层304、图6A至图6B的第一热塑性墨层604)。例如,第一热塑性墨层作为糊剂施加于增强层。在一些示例中,热塑性墨经由使用例如旋转丝网和/或平板丝网的丝网印刷过程来施加。在块706处,硬化(例如,固化)所施加的热塑性墨层。在一些示例中,热塑性墨层通过将热塑性墨加热到至少大约300华氏度(例如,320华氏度)的温度来完全硬化。在其他示例中,热塑性墨层通过经由烤箱将热塑性墨加热到至少大约150华氏度(例如,160华氏度)的温度来部分硬化(例如,部分固化)。在块708处,重绕增强层的卷。
方法700包括:确定是否存在被施加来形成装饰层压件的另一个热塑性墨层(例如,图6A至图6B的第二热塑性墨层606、图6A至图6B的第三热塑性墨层608)(块710)。如果存在要施加的另一个热塑性墨层,则向之前施加的热塑性墨层和/或增强层施加该另一个热塑性墨层(块712)。进一步地,对于另一个热塑性墨层重复块706、708。重复块706、708、710、712,直到未识别到其他热塑性墨层为止。另外或另选地,热塑性墨(例如,水性墨)层可以施加于经由例如丝网印刷过程和/或数字印刷过程在块706处硬化的热塑性墨层。
在块714处,展开热塑性墨层所施加的增强层的卷。在块716处,将膜层(例如,图3A至图6B的膜层306)联接到热塑性墨层,以形成装饰层压件。在一些示例中,膜层包括透明透亮和/或半透明膜以及联接到被施加于热塑性墨层的膜的粘结层。在其他示例中,膜层是在被施加于热塑性墨层时硬化的透明热塑性墨层。
在块718处,向装饰层压件施加纹理媒介(例如,图5的热压机502)。例如,纹理媒介(例如,图5的热压机502)的纹理化表面(例如,图5的纹理化表面506)接合装饰层压件的外表面(例如,图5的外表面504),以在装饰层压件中形成纹理(例如,压花)。
在块720处,向装饰层压件施加热量和/或压力,以设置装饰层压件。例如,热量和/或压力被施加以固化热塑性墨层,以将装饰层压件的层结合在一起。在一些示例中,装饰层压件被加热到至少大约300华氏度的温度,以设置装饰层压件。在要在装饰层压件中形成纹理的示例中,可以经由具有纹理化表面的纹理媒介向装饰层压件施加热量。在不在装饰层压件中形成纹理的示例中,可以经由具有接合装饰层压件的大体平坦表面(例如,图4的表面406)的纹理媒介(例如,图4的热压机402)向装饰层压件施加热量。在块722处,重绕装饰层压件的卷,以使得存储装饰层压件的未切卷。
虽然这里已经描述了特定的示例设备和方法,但本专利的覆盖范围不限于此。相反,本专利覆盖在文字上或在等同物的原则上完全落在修改的权利要求的范围内的所有方法、设备以及制品。

Claims (20)

1.一种设备,该设备包括:
增强层(302),该增强层(302)用于向装饰层压件(300)提供刚性;
热塑性墨,该热塑性墨被施加到所述增强层(302),以形成所述装饰层压件(300)的装饰图案(312);以及
膜层(306),该膜层(306)联接到所述热塑性墨,以形成所述装饰层压件(300),所述膜层(306)用于保持所述装饰图案(312),当所述膜层(306)联接到所述热塑性墨时所述热塑性墨硬化。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中,由所述增强层(302)、所述热塑性墨以及所述膜层(306)形成的所述装饰层压件(300)具有纹理化表面(506、508)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其中,所述热塑性墨被纹理化,以形成所述装饰层压件(300)的纹理化表面(506、508)。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其中,所述热塑性墨部分覆盖所述增强层(302)。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其中,所述热塑性墨包括第一热塑性墨层和第二热塑性墨层,所述第一热塑性墨层被施加到所述增强层(302),所述第二热塑性墨层被施加到所述第一热塑性墨层,并且所述膜层(306)联接到所述第二热塑性墨层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的设备,其中,所述第一热塑性墨层被纹理化,以使得所述装饰层压件(300)的表面被纹理化。
7.根据权利要求5所述的设备,其中,所述第一热塑性墨层具有第一图案(612),并且所述第二热塑性墨层具有第二图案(614),所述第一图案(612)和所述第二图案(614)形成所述装饰层压件(300)的装饰图案(312)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的设备,其中,所述第一热塑性墨层覆盖所述增强层(302),并且所述第二热塑性墨层部分覆盖所述第一热塑性墨层。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其中,所述热塑性墨具有第一厚度(408),所述第一厚度(408)大于所述膜层(306)的第二厚度(410)。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其中,所述热塑性墨包括塑料溶胶,并且所述增强层(302)包括织造织物。
11.一种方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
向增强层(302)施加热塑性墨,所述增强层(302)用于向装饰层压件(300)提供刚性,所述热塑性墨用于形成所述装饰层压件(300)的装饰图案(312);
硬化被施加到所述增强层(302)的所述热塑性墨;以及
将膜层(306)联接到所述热塑性墨,以形成所述装饰层压件(300),所述膜层(306)用于保持所述装饰层压件(300)的装饰图案(312)。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其中,向所述增强层(302)施加所述热塑性墨的步骤包括:向展开的所述增强层(302)的卷施加所述热塑性墨。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,在向所述增强层(302)施加所述热塑性墨之前所述卷展开,并且在形成所述装饰层压件(300)时所述卷重绕。
14.根据权利要求11、12或13所述的方法,其中,向所述增强层(302)施加所述热塑性墨的步骤包括:向所述增强层(302)施加第一热塑性墨层,并且向所述第一热塑性墨层施加第二热塑性墨层。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中,硬化被施加到所述增强层(302)的所述热塑性墨的步骤包括:
在施加所述第二热塑性墨层之前,硬化所述增强层(302)上的所述第一热塑性墨层;以及
当在所述第一热塑性墨层上施加所述第二热塑性墨层时,硬化所述第二热塑性墨层。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,所述方法还包括以下步骤:
在硬化所述增强层(302)上的所述第一热塑性墨层时,将所述增强层(302)和所述第一热塑性墨层卷成卷;以及
展开所述增强层(302)和所述第一热塑性墨层的卷,以使得能够向所述第一热塑性墨层施加所述第二热塑性墨层。
17.根据权利要求11、12或13所述的方法,其中,硬化所述热塑性墨的步骤包括:将所述热塑性墨加热到至少大约150华氏度的温度。
18.根据权利要求11、12或13所述的方法,其中,联接所述膜层(306)的步骤包括:向被施加到所述增强层(302)的所述热塑性墨施加透明热塑性墨层。
19.根据权利要求11、12或13所述的方法,所述方法还包括以下步骤:
使纹理媒介接触所述膜层(306);
经由所述纹理媒介向所述装饰层压件(300)施加压力,以在所述装饰层压件(300)中形成纹理;以及
将所述装饰层压件(300)加热到至少大约300华氏度的温度,以设置所述装饰层压件(300)中的纹理。
20.一种设备,该设备包括:
用于向装饰层压件(300)提供刚性的装置;
用于形成装饰图案(312)的装置,该装置被施加到用于提供刚性的所述装置,以形成所述装饰层压件(300)的装饰图案(312),用于形成装饰图案(312)的所述装置在被施加到用于提供刚性的所述装置时硬化;以及
用于保持装饰图案(312)的装置,该装置联接到用于形成装饰图案(312)的所述装置,以保持所述装饰图案(312)。
CN201710894871.6A 2016-10-03 2017-09-28 包括热塑性墨层的装饰层压件和相关方法 Pending CN107891655A (zh)

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