CN107862962B - Kidney operation model simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions - Google Patents
Kidney operation model simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions Download PDFInfo
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- CN107862962B CN107862962B CN201711351489.7A CN201711351489A CN107862962B CN 107862962 B CN107862962 B CN 107862962B CN 201711351489 A CN201711351489 A CN 201711351489A CN 107862962 B CN107862962 B CN 107862962B
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Abstract
Compared with the existing kidney simulation device which is only an appearance model, the kidney operation model for simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions is simple in structure, single in function, low in simulation degree and incapable of teaching exercise, operation and the like. The kidney operation model for simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions can be used for preclinical teaching and scientific research. The model is manufactured by the parts imitating the human kidney organs and the human kidney organs according to the proportion of 1:1, has high simulation degree, and can simulate the relationship between kidney blood circulation and urine generation through the pulse pump, the pressure control part and the valve; and each part of the device is assembled and spliced, so that the device can be used for clinical operation and teaching demonstration, a medical worker can simulate related flow operation of kidney transplantation operation, and the knowledge of the medical worker on kidney organs and the success rate of operation are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical teaching and scientific research auxiliary tools, in particular to a kidney operation model for simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions. The model can be used as a preclinical teaching and scientific research platform.
Background
The kidney is an excretory organ of the human body, and is of self-evident importance to the human body, but is affected by factors such as changes in dietary structure and increases in living pressure, and the incidence of chronic kidney disease has increased in recent years. Therefore, the cultivation of excellent urinary professionally related medical staff is an important link for solving the tension of medical staff.
The teaching models commonly used in traditional medical teaching are mainly composed of two kinds: respectively a human body specimen and an existing medical plastic teaching model. Although the human body specimen is used as a main carrier for students to learn anatomical structures, in the learning process, the human body specimen is soaked by chemical reagents, the shape and the function of organs are distorted, and a plurality of barriers exist in ethics and psychology; the existing medical plastic teaching model overcomes the defects of human body specimens, including shape distortion and psychological ethical obstruction, but the existing medical plastic teaching model is made of opaque materials, so that morphological structures of the inside and even internal tissues of organs are difficult to observe.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a kidney operation model of simulation blood circulation and urine generation function to solve current kidney medical plastics teaching model and only be appearance model, its simple structure, the function is single, and the degree of simulation is low, can not carry out teaching drilling and operation scheduling problem. The invention provides the following technical scheme:
a kidney operation model for simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions comprises a kidney model, a first pipe fitting, a second pipe fitting, a pulse pump, a liquid reservoir, a connecting pipe fitting and a liquid discharge pipe;
the kidney model includes: a main body member, a support member, and a connection member;
the outer wall of the main body part is provided with a transparent layer, the outer wall of the branch part is provided with a transparent layer, and the outer wall of the connecting part is provided with a transparent layer;
the main body part is connected with the branch part through the connecting part;
the main body part is provided with a medium inlet end and a medium outlet end;
the branch part is connected with the liquid discharge pipe;
the bulge end of the connecting component is provided with a pressure control component, the pressure control component comprises a pressure control valve, a shell, a fixed plate, a sealing plate and a fixed column,
the shell is in a truncated cone shape, the top of the shell is provided with an outlet end, the bottom of the shell is provided with an inlet end, and the diameter length of the inlet end of the shell is smaller than that of the outlet end of the shell;
the fixed column is inserted into the pressure control valve, one end of the pressure control valve is connected with the fixed plate, and the other end of the pressure control valve (1211) is connected with the sealing plate;
the second pipe fitting includes: a second main pipe and a second branch pipe;
the inlet end of the second main pipe is connected with the outlet end of the pulse pump;
the outlet end of the second main pipe is connected with the inlet end of the second branch pipe;
the outlet end of the second branch pipe is connected into the kidney model and is connected with the medium inlet end;
the first pipe fitting includes: the device comprises a first valve, a second valve, a first main pipe and a first branch pipe, wherein the outlet end of the first main pipe is connected with the inlet end of the liquid storage device; the inlet end of the first main pipe is connected with the outlet end of the first branch pipe;
the inlet end of the first branch pipe is connected into the kidney model and is connected with the medium outlet end; the second valve is arranged at the front end of the outlet end of the first branch pipe, and the first valve is arranged at the rear end of the inlet end of the first branch pipe;
the inlet end of the pulse pump is connected with the outlet end of the liquid storage device through a connecting pipe fitting.
Optionally, the first valve is a one-way valve.
Optionally, the fixing plate comprises a connecting rod, a circular plate and a circular ring;
the circular plate is connected with the pressure control valve;
the outer ring of the circular plate is connected with the circular ring through the connecting rod;
the number of the connecting rods is 3, the included angles between the 3 connecting rods and the extension lines of the connecting ends of the circular plates are 120 degrees, and the circular ring is arranged at the outlet end of the shell.
Optionally, the device for simulating kidney surgery further comprises an adrenal model, wherein the adrenal model is triangular, and the adrenal model is connected with the top of the kidney model.
Optionally, the outer wall of the second pipe fitting is provided with a transparent layer.
Optionally, the outer wall of the first pipe fitting is provided with a transparent layer.
Optionally, the second pipe fitting includes a splice joint and a splice component, and the second pipe fitting is formed by connecting the splice joint and the splice component.
Optionally, a pressure probe is disposed between the kidney model and the second tube.
According to the technical scheme, the kidney operation model for simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions is provided, so that the problems that in the prior art, a kidney simulation device is only an appearance model, the structure is simple, the function is single, the simulation degree is low, teaching exercise and operation cannot be performed are solved. The existing kidney simulation device is only an appearance model, and has the problems of simple structure, single function, low simulation degree, incapability of teaching and practicing, operation and the like. The device for simulating kidney operation provided by the invention has the advantages that the parts simulating the kidney organs of the human body are manufactured according to the same proportion, the simulation degree is high, and meanwhile, the relationship between kidney blood circulation and urine generation can be simulated through the pulse pump, the pressure control part and the valve, so that the simulation degree is high; and each part of the device is assembled and spliced, so that the device can be used for clinical operation and teaching demonstration, a medical worker can simulate related flow operation of kidney transplantation operation, and the knowledge of the medical worker on kidney organs and the success rate of operation are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the kidney operation model for simulating blood circulation and urine generation according to the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a kidney operation model for simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions according to the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the connecting member of the present application.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a pressure control component of the present application.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the pressure control member of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the fixing plate on the pressure control part of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of connection of the second branch to an embodiment of the kidney.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the kidney operation model for simulating blood circulation and urine generation according to the present application.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a second pipe fitting splice according to the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a kidney model; 2. a first pipe fitting; 3. a second pipe fitting; 4. a pulse pump; 5 a reservoir; 6, connecting the pipe fitting; 7. a liquid discharge pipe; 8. adrenal gland; 11. a support member; 12. a connecting member; 13. a body member; 21. a first main pipe; 22. a first branch pipe; 23. a first valve; 24. a second valve; 31. a second main pipe; 32. a second branch pipe; 33. splicing joints; 34. a splice member; 121. a pressure control part; 1211. a pressure control valve; 1212. a housing; 1213. a fixing plate; 1214. a sealing plate; 1215. fixing the column; 12131. a connecting rod; 12132. a circular plate; 12133. a circular ring; 131. a blood inlet port; 132. a blood outlet port.
Detailed Description
A kidney operation model for simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions, which is characterized in that: the kidney model comprises a kidney model 1, a first pipe fitting 2, a second pipe fitting 3, a pulse pump 4, a liquid reservoir 5, a connecting pipe fitting 6 and a liquid discharge pipe 7;
the kidney model 1 includes: a main body member 13, a branch member 11, and a connecting member 12;
the outer wall of the main body part 13 is provided with a transparent layer, the outer wall of the support part 11 is provided with a transparent layer, and the outer wall of the connecting part 12 is provided with a transparent layer;
the main body part 13 is connected with the branch part 11 through the connecting part 12;
the body member 13 is provided with a media inlet end 131 and a media outlet end 132;
the branch part 11 is connected with the liquid discharge pipe 7;
the raised end of the connecting member 12 is provided with a pressure control member 121, the pressure control member 121 comprising a pressure control valve 1211, a housing 1212, a fixed plate 1213, a sealing plate 1214 and a fixed post 1215,
the housing 1212 is in a shape of a truncated cone, an outlet end is arranged at the top of the housing 1212, an inlet end is arranged at the bottom of the housing 1212, and the diameter length of the inlet end of the housing 1212 is smaller than that of the outlet end of the housing 1212;
the fixed post 1215 is inserted into the pressure control valve 1211, one end of the pressure control valve 1211 is connected with the fixed plate 1213, and the other end of the pressure control valve 1211 is connected with the sealing plate 1214;
the second pipe fitting 3 includes: a second main pipe 31 and a second branch pipe 32;
the inlet end of the second main pipe 31 is connected with the outlet end of the pulse pump 4;
the outlet end of the second main pipe 31 is connected with the inlet end of the second branch pipe 32;
the outlet end of the second branch pipe 32 is connected into the kidney model 1 and is connected with the medium inlet end 131;
the first pipe fitting 2 includes: a first valve 23, a second valve 24, a first main pipe 21 and a first branch pipe 22, wherein the outlet end of the first main pipe 21 is connected with the inlet end of the liquid storage device 5; the inlet end of the first main pipe 21 is connected with the outlet end of the first branch pipe 22;
the inlet end of the first branch pipe 22 is connected into the kidney model 1 and is connected with the medium outlet end 132; the second valve 24 is disposed at a front end of the outlet end of the first branch pipe 22, and the first valve 23 is disposed at a rear end of the inlet end of the first branch pipe 22;
the inlet end of the pulse pump 4 is connected with the outlet end of the liquid reservoir 5 through a connecting pipe fitting 6.
The kidney is an important organ of human body, the human body has two kidneys which are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of lumbar vertebra, the two kidneys have the same shape, size and weight, the length is 10-12cm, the width is 5-6cm, the thickness is 2.5-4cm, and the weight is 100-150g. The kidney has the basic functions of generating urine, removing excessive water and salt in the body, removing metabolic products and certain wastes and toxic substances in the body, retaining water and other useful substances such as glucose, protein, amino acid, sodium ions, potassium ions, sodium bicarbonate and the like through reabsorption, regulating water and electrolyte balance and maintaining acid-base balance, regulating endocrine function, regulating and controlling blood pressure, filtering waste in the body, generating hormone which is beneficial to hematopoiesis, promoting erythropoiesis, stimulating vitamin D production, balancing calcium in the body, enhancing bone quality and the like.
Kidneys can be divided into internal structures, membranes and adrenal glands. The internal structure of the kidney can be divided into the kidney parenchyma and the renal pelvis. In the longitudinal section of the kidney, it can be seen that the kidney parenchyma is divided into two layers: the outer layer is cortex and the inner layer is medulla. The renal cortex appears reddish brown when fresh. Is composed of glomerulus and tubular, and part of cortex is extended between medullary cones to become renal column. The kidney marrow is light red when fresh, and is formed by 10-20 cones. The kidney cone is triangular in section. The cone bottom faces the convex kidney, the tip faces the hilum kidney, the cone main tissue is a collecting tube, the cone tip is called the nipple of kidney, each nipple has 10-20 nipple ducts, and the cone is opened to the funnel part of the small calyx of kidney. There are small renal calves in the antrum, which are funnel-shaped membranous tubules around the renal papilla. The renal vertebral body is connected with the renal calyx. Each kidney has 7-8 small kidney calves, and 2-3 adjacent small kidney calves are synthesized into one large kidney calves. There are 2-3 kidney calms per kidney, which merge into a flat funnel-shaped renal pelvis. The back end of the kidney is the ureter. The kidney function is mainly achieved by the internal structure. The kidney is divided into three layers of fibrous membrane, renal fat capsule and renal fascia by the touch, and the main functions are fixing and protecting the kidney. The adrenal gland is an important endocrine organ of human body, and is positioned above the kidneys on two sides, so that the left adrenal gland is half-moon shaped, and the right adrenal gland is triangular.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 1, the main body part 13 is mainly used for corresponding to human kidney essence; the branch part 11 corresponds to the renal pelvis of a human body; the connecting part 12 corresponds to the human kidney papilla; the second pipe fitting 3 corresponds to an artery of a human body; the second main tube 31 corresponds to the aorta of the human body; the second branch pipe corresponds to a renal artery of a human body; the first pipe fitting 2 corresponds to a vein of a human body; the second main pipe 21 corresponds to a main vein of a human body; the second branch pipe 22 corresponds to a renal vein of a human body; the liquid discharge pipe 7 corresponds to a human body urination pipe. The kidney model 1 is a double-layer sealing structure model made of transparent materials, and the materials of the kidney model are transparent silica gel or rubber materials; the kidney model 1 is in a shape of a broad bean, the size of the kidney model is 10-12cm in length, 5-6cm in width, 2.5-4cm in thickness and 100-150g in weight, and the kidney model 1 is consistent with the kidney size and weight of a human organ, so that the kidney model 1 has high simulation performance.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the device for simulating kidney surgery may be formed by manually assembling the individual components. In particular, as shown in fig. 7, it can be seen that the second branch 32, the renal artery, is shown connected to the kidney by plugging.
The working principle of the embodiment of the application for simulating the relationship between kidney pressure and urine volume is as follows: the pulse pump 4 is connected with the kidney model 1 through the second pipe fitting 3, and the liquid reservoir 5 is connected with the pulse pump 4 through the connecting pipe fitting 6; the reservoir 5 is connected with the kidney 1 through the first pipe fitting 2, and the first connecting pipe is provided with the first valve 23 and the second valve 24; the kidney model 1 is connected with the liquid discharge pipe 7, and the medium simulating blood is injected into the liquid storage device 5, wherein the liquid storage device 5 is a container, and preferably, the liquid storage device 5 is a container made of transparent materials. When the medium reaches the minimum starting amount of the pulse pump 4, the pulse pump 4 can be started, preferably, the pulse pump 4 adopts a pulse pump with the pressure range of 0-300mmHg, the systolic pressure of a normal human body is 90-140mmHg, the diastolic pressure is 60-90mmHg, and the pulse pump with the pressure range of 0-300mmHg can simulate the relationship between the blood pressure and urine in the normal human body and can also simulate the relationship between the blood pressure and the urine when the human body is at high pressure or low pressure. It should be noted that, the first valve 23 is in a normally open state, and the second valve 24 is used for controlling the flow rate of the medium; the medium is delivered from the second pipe fitting 3 to the main part 13 in the kidney model 1 through the pulse pump 4, at this time, the opening of the second valve 24 can be adjusted, so that the flow rate of the medium in the device is controlled, the frequency of the pulse pump 4 is unchanged, the opening of the second valve 24 is reduced, and the pressure in the device is increased. The main body part 13 is connected with the branch part 11 through the connecting part 12; one end of the connecting component 12 is provided with a pressure control component 121, the pressure control component 121 comprises a pressure control valve 1211, a shell 1212, a fixed plate 1213, a sealing plate 1214 and a fixed column 1215, one end of the shell 1212 is in a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the urine inlet end of the shell is smaller than that of the urine outlet end of the shell; the fixed post 1215 is inserted into the pressure control valve 1211; one end of the pressure control valve 1211 is connected to the fixed plate 1213, and the other end of the pressure control valve 1211 is connected to the sealing plate 1214; the branch member 11 is connected to the drain pipe 7. When the pressure in the device is greater than the elastic force of the pressure control valve 1211, the medium pushes the sealing plate 1214 to move, so that urine is generated, and at this time, a part of the medium flows into the branch part 11 from the connecting part 12, that is, the medium entering the branch part 11 is urine, and the urine enters the liquid discharge pipe 7 from the branch part 11 and finally is discharged through the liquid discharge pipe 7; another part of the medium will flow back from the body part 13 through the first tube 2 into the reservoir 5. And when the pressure in the device rises to a certain value, adjusting the opening of the second valve 24 to the original opening, maintaining the pressure of the kidney model 1 to be stable, and completing the whole kidney urination process. This process simulates the relationship between kidney pressure and urine volume, and it should be noted that, because the outer wall of the main body part 13 is provided with a transparent layer, the outer wall of the support part 11 is provided with a transparent layer, and the outer wall of the connecting part 12 is provided with a transparent layer, the simulation process can be more intuitively and clearly observed by medical staff and students. It should be noted that the pressure control valve 1211 may be a spring valve, an electromagnetic control valve, a semipermeable membrane, or the like having the same function.
The working principle of the simulated kidney transplantation operation in the embodiment of the application is as follows: after the pressure in the kidney model 1 is stable, the flow of medium in the second branch pipe 32 is blocked by the hemostatic forceps, then the pulse pump 4 is turned off, the second branch pipe 32, the first branch pipe 22 and the liquid discharge pipe 7 are pulled out, the kidney model 1 is removed, the first branch pipe 22, the second branch pipe 23 and the liquid discharge pipe 7 are connected after the other kidney model is placed in situ, then the hemostatic forceps is turned on, and the pulse pump 4 is started, so that the process completes the simulated kidney transplantation operation. The kidney transplantation operation has 2 blood vessel connection modes, and as shown in fig. 2 and 8, the structure schematic diagrams of 2 embodiments of the device for simulating kidney operation are shown, and a medical worker can splice according to the mode of fig. 2 or the mode of fig. 8.
The embodiment solves the problems that the existing kidney simulation device is only an appearance model, is simple in structure, single in function, low in simulation degree, incapable of teaching and practicing, operation and the like.
Further, the first valve 23 is a one-way valve, and medium can only flow from the inlet end of the valve to the outlet end of the valve through the one-way valve, so that the main purpose of the one-way valve is to prevent the medium from flowing back, and ensure the authenticity of the simulated blood flow.
Further, the fixed plate 1213 includes a connecting rod 12131, a circular plate 12132, and a circular ring 12133; the circular plate 12132 is connected to the pressure control valve 1211; the outer ring of the circular plate 12132 is connected to the circular ring 12133 through the connection rod 12131; the number of the connecting rods 12131 is 3, the included angles between the 3 connecting rods 12131 and the extension line of the connecting end of the circular plate 12132 are 120 degrees, and the circular ring 12133 is arranged at the outlet end of the housing 1212. The 3 connecting rods 12131 are connected with the circular plate 12132, and the included angles of the extension lines of the connecting ends of the 3 connecting rods 12131 and the circular plate 12132 are 120 degrees, so that the connecting rods 12131, the fixed plate 12132 and the circular ring 12133 can be ensured to be firmly connected, the stress is uniform, and meanwhile, the material can be saved, and the device is economical and practical.
Further, the kidney operation model simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions further comprises an adrenal model 8, wherein the adrenal model 8 is triangular, and the adrenal model 8 is connected with the top of the kidney model 1. The adrenal gland model 8 is arranged at the top of the kidney model 1, so that the relative position of the kidney organs of a human body can be better demonstrated, a learner can clearly and accurately master the structure of the kidney organs, and teaching demonstration is facilitated. The human body has two kidneys, the left adrenal gland is half-moon shaped, and the right adrenal gland is triangular, so that the adrenal model 8 can also be half-moon shaped if the right adrenal gland is imitated.
Further, a transparent layer is arranged on the outer wall of the second pipe fitting 3. The transparent layer is adopted, the transmittance is good, the operator or the student can observe the medium flowing condition conveniently, preferably, the second pipe fitting 3 is wrapped with a layer of transparent red material, and as the human artery is generally represented by a red pipe, the transparent red material is adopted, the recognition degree is high, the human artery meets the inertial thinking of people, and the operator or the student can grasp the position relation of the components and the flowing state of arterial blood clearly more conveniently.
Further, the outer wall of the first pipe fitting 2 is provided with a transparent layer. The transparent layer is adopted, the transmittance is good, the operator or the student can observe the medium flowing condition conveniently, preferably, the first pipe fitting 2 is wrapped with a layer of transparent blue material, and the human vein is generally represented by the blue pipe.
Further, the second pipe fitting 3 comprises a splicing joint 33 and a splicing component 34, and the second pipe fitting 3 is formed by connecting the splicing joint 34 and the splicing component 34. Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, a second pipe fitting splicing schematic diagram is shown, and the second pipe fitting is assembled by adopting the splicing joint 33 and the splicing component 34, so that the second pipe fitting is convenient for a worker to use and disassemble, and the component is convenient to replace. Preferably, the first pipe 2 may also be formed by connecting the same structures.
Further, a pressure probe is arranged between the kidney model 1 and the second tube member 3. The pressure probe is arranged for monitoring the pressure change condition of the kidney operation model simulating blood circulation and urine generation function at any time during preclinical teaching and scientific research.
According to the technical scheme, the kidney operation model for simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions comprises a pulse pump, a liquid storage device, a second pipe fitting, a first pipe fitting, a kidney model, a liquid discharge pipe and a connecting pipe fitting, wherein the kidney model comprises the following components: the kidney simulation device comprises a main body part, a branch part and a connecting part, wherein one end of the connecting part is provided with a pressure control part, the pressure control part comprises a pressure control valve, a shell, a fixed plate, a sealing plate and a fixed column, and the kidney simulation device is only an appearance model relative to the existing kidney simulation device, and has the advantages of simple structure, single function, low simulation degree, incapability of teaching, practice and operation and the like. The kidney operation model for simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions can be used for preclinical teaching and scientific research, is high in simulation degree, and can simulate the relationship between kidney blood circulation and urine generation through the pulse pump, the pressure control part and the valve, wherein the parts simulating human kidney organs are manufactured according to the proportion of 1:1; and each part of the device is assembled and spliced, so that the device can be used for clinical operation and teaching demonstration, a medical worker can simulate related flow operation of kidney transplantation operation, and the knowledge of the medical worker on kidney organs and the success rate of operation are improved.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A kidney operation model for simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a kidney model (1), a first pipe fitting (2), a second pipe fitting (3), a pulse pump (4), a liquid reservoir (5), a connecting pipe fitting (6) and a liquid discharge pipe (7);
the kidney model (1) comprises: a main body member (13), a branch member (11), and a connecting member (12);
the outer wall of the main body part (13) is provided with a transparent layer, the outer wall of the support part (11) is provided with a transparent layer, and the outer wall of the connecting part (12) is provided with a transparent layer;
the main body part (13) is connected with the branch part (11) through the connecting part (12);
the main body part (13) is provided with a medium inlet end (131) and a medium outlet end (132);
the branch part (11) is connected with the liquid discharge pipe (7);
the bulge end of the connecting component (12) is provided with a pressure control component (121), the pressure control component (121) comprises a pressure control valve (1211), a shell (1212), a fixed plate (1213), a sealing plate (1214) and a fixed column (1215),
the shell (1212) is in a truncated cone shape, an outlet end is arranged at the top of the shell (1212), an inlet end is arranged at the bottom of the shell (1212), and the diameter length of the inlet end of the shell (1212) is smaller than that of the outlet end of the shell (1212);
the fixed column (1215) is inserted into the pressure control valve (1211), one end of the pressure control valve (1211) is connected with the fixed plate (1213), and the other end of the pressure control valve (1211) is connected with the sealing plate (1214);
the second pipe (3) comprises: a second main pipe (31) and a second branch pipe (32);
the inlet end of the second main pipe (31) is connected with the outlet end of the pulse pump (4);
the outlet end of the second main pipe (31) is connected with the inlet end of the second branch pipe (32);
the outlet end of the second branch pipe (32) is connected into the kidney model (1) and is connected with the medium inlet end (131);
the first pipe (2) comprises: the device comprises a first valve (23), a second valve (24), a first main pipe (21) and a first branch pipe (22), wherein the outlet end of the first main pipe (21) is connected with the inlet end of the liquid storage device (5); the inlet end of the first main pipe (21) is connected with the outlet end of the first branch pipe (22);
the inlet end of the first branch pipe (22) is connected into the kidney model (1) and is connected with the medium outlet end (132); the second valve (24) is arranged at the front end of the outlet end of the first branch pipe (22), and the first valve (23) is arranged at the rear end of the inlet end of the first branch pipe (22);
the inlet end of the pulse pump (4) is connected with the outlet end of the liquid reservoir (5) through a connecting pipe fitting (6).
2. The kidney surgery model for simulating blood circulation and urine production according to claim 1, wherein: the first valve (23) is a one-way valve.
3. The kidney surgery model for simulating blood circulation and urine production according to claim 1, wherein: the fixed plate (1213) comprises a connecting rod (12131), a circular plate (12132) and a circular ring (12133);
the circular plate (12132) is connected to the pressure control valve (1211);
the outer ring of the circular plate (12132) is connected with the circular ring (12133) through the connecting rod (12131);
the number of the connecting rods (12131) is 3, the included angles between the 3 connecting rods (12131) and the extension line of the connecting end of the circular plate (12132) are 120 degrees, and the circular ring (12133) is arranged at the outlet end of the shell (1212).
4. The kidney surgery model for simulating blood circulation and urine production according to claim 1, wherein: the kidney operation model simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions further comprises an adrenal model (8), the adrenal model (8) is triangular, and the adrenal model (8) is connected with the top of the kidney model (1).
5. The kidney surgery model for simulating blood circulation and urine production according to claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the second pipe fitting (3) is provided with a transparent layer.
6. The kidney surgery model for simulating blood circulation and urine production according to claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the first pipe fitting (2) is provided with a transparent layer.
7. The kidney surgery model for simulating blood circulation and urine production according to claim 1, wherein: the second pipe fitting (3) comprises a splicing joint (33) and a splicing component (34), and the second pipe fitting (3) is formed by connecting the splicing joint (33) and the splicing component (34).
8. The kidney surgery model for simulating blood circulation and urine production according to claim 1, wherein: a pressure probe is arranged between the kidney model (1) and the second pipe fitting (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711351489.7A CN107862962B (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | Kidney operation model simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions |
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| CN201711351489.7A CN107862962B (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | Kidney operation model simulating blood circulation and urine generation functions |
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| CN114209428B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2024-01-30 | 湘南学院 | Device for simulating acute kidney injury |
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