CN112185228A - External training system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement - Google Patents
External training system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement Download PDFInfo
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- CN112185228A CN112185228A CN202010978607.2A CN202010978607A CN112185228A CN 112185228 A CN112185228 A CN 112185228A CN 202010978607 A CN202010978607 A CN 202010978607A CN 112185228 A CN112185228 A CN 112185228A
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Abstract
The utility model provides a through external training system of pipe aortic valve replacement art, belongs to medical instrument training set field, its characterized in that: comprises a human cardiovascular model, a steady or pulsating blood pressure and blood supply module and a pathological valve model; the human cardiovascular model comprises a heart model and an aortic blood vessel model connected with the heart model; the steady-state or pulsating blood flow pressure and blood flow supply module comprises a precision pump and a liquid storage tank; the precision pump, the human body cardiovascular simulation model and the liquid storage tank are sequentially communicated end to end; the pathological valve model is arranged between the aortic blood vessel model and the heart model. The access ports of a plurality of interventional instruments are arranged on the cardiovascular model and the aortic vascular model of the human body, so that an operator can conveniently perform surgical training of different access ways; meanwhile, pulse fluid imitating the blood pressure waveform and temperature of a human body can be controlled by a steady-state or pulsating blood pressure and blood flow supply module to drive a heart beat and a valve switch, so that a simulation scene close to the real blood flow environment of the human body is provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medical instrument training devices, and particularly relates to an in-vitro training system for a transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
Background
With the change of medical technology, more and more disease treatments advocate minimally invasive, painless and rapid recovery, and minimally invasive interventional therapy is gradually replacing related surgery and conservative drug therapy, becoming a new medical development direction. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement is typically a minimally invasive interventional procedure. Aortic stenosis is a common degenerative heart valve disease of the elderly, and has now progressed to the third most common cardiovascular disease following coronary heart disease and hypertension. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement is a technology of delivering an interventional catheter through femoral artery, delivering a prosthetic heart valve stent to an aortic valve area, opening, extruding an original valve to the periphery by mechanical extrusion, replacing a diseased aortic valve, and completing the restoration of valve function. China starts to research late in this aspect and is low in popularization rate at present.
The existing devices for interventional valve and other valve in vitro performance tests in the market comprise a simple vascular structure and a pulse pump for providing pulse flow, but the vascular structure in the device is too simple, and a simulation of a real human vascular structure and an interventional inlet structure are not provided; the replacement design of a plurality of pathological valves cannot be realized, so that the operation skills of the trainees facing various pathological conditions are difficult to realize; the trainee's puncture destructive power of the blood vessel and the inner wall of the heart during the operation cannot be evaluated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an external training system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement, which highly simulates the operating environment and process of a real transcatheter aortic valve implantation.
The invention discloses an in-vitro training system for a transcatheter aortic valve replacement, which comprises a human body cardiovascular model, a steady or pulsating blood pressure and blood supply module and a pathological valve model; the human body cardiovascular model comprises a heart model and an aortic vessel model connected with the heart model; a plurality of interventional devices are arranged on the aortic blood vessel model to enter the road; the steady-state or pulsating blood flow pressure and blood flow supply module comprises a precision pump and a liquid storage tank; the precision pump, the human body cardiovascular simulation model and the liquid storage tank are sequentially communicated end to end; the pathological valve model is arranged between the aortic blood vessel model and the heart model. The aortic vessel model is made of transparent or non-transparent silica gel, rubber, resin and other elastic or hard materials based on real cardiovascular human body individualized 3D data reconstruction; openings are reserved at femoral artery, brachial artery and the like and are used as interventional instruments to enter the intersection; the pathological valve model comprises pathological forms of calcified lesions, bilobed valves, quadralobe valves and the like with different degrees, and is prepared by mixing elastic materials such as silica gel, polyurethane and the like with materials such as calcium carbonate, resin and the like in different proportions; by infusion molding or 3D printing molding. The liquid storage tank is internally stored with liquid simulating blood, the temperature of the liquid can be controlled to be 37 +/-1 ℃ through a heating temperature control device, pulsating flow is generated by driving of a precision pump to enter a human cardiovascular system simulating model, and then the pulsating flow flows back to the liquid storage tank; the quantitative regulation and control of the blood flow and the pressure curve change and the temperature regulation and control of the flowing liquid are realized through a steady-state or pulsating blood flow pressure and blood flow supply module; the pulse fluid drives the heart model to generate contraction and relaxation behaviors and realizes the opening and closing of the pathological valve model.
According to the in-vitro training system for the transcatheter aortic valve replacement, an opening is formed in the side wall of the connecting end of the aortic vessel model and the heart model; the pathological valve model is arranged in the aortic vessel model at the connecting end of the aortic vessel model and the heart model; the opening is used for placing a pathological valve model, and the pathological valve is placed in the blood vessel model; meanwhile, different pathological valve models can be replaced through the opening, so that the surgical observation training of multiple pathological valves is realized.
According to the in-vitro training system for the transcatheter aortic valve replacement, the two ends of the pathological valve model are respectively provided with a protruding connecting piece; a convex connecting piece is arranged at one end of the aortic vessel model connected with the pathological valve model; a convex connecting piece is arranged at one end of the heart model connected with the pathological valve model; the pathological valve model is respectively communicated with the aortic vessel model and the heart model through a convex connecting piece. The arrangement of the mode ensures that the aorta model and the heart model are completely separated at the junction, and the two ends of the pathological valve are respectively butted with the aorta model and the heart model and are sealed and fixed.
The invention relates to an in-vitro training system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement, wherein a pressure sensor is arranged on the outer periphery of a pathological valve model; the device is used for quantitatively measuring the pressure distribution conditions of pathological valves and the periphery of the vessel wall after the artificial valve is released in the later stage, and evaluating whether the artificial valve is placed properly; the placement mode comprises the steps of fixing the pathological valve model at the periphery of the valve in a bonding mode and the like after the pathological valve model is manufactured, and embedding the pathological valve model into the valve material in the manufacturing process.
The invention relates to an in-vitro training system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement, wherein an aortic vessel model comprises an aortic arch; a pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the aortic arch; a pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the ventricle of the heart model; the operator can penetrate through blood vessels, hearts and other positions due to excessive force during the training process; therefore, the pressure sensor is arranged for measuring the puncture force of the catheter guide wire on the vessel wall of the aortic vessel model and the inner wall of the atrium ventricle in the placement process.
According to the in-vitro training system for the transcatheter aortic valve replacement, an opening is formed in the apex of the heart model; a built-in camera is arranged in the opening; the built-in camera is arranged towards the pathological valve model; used for shooting the opening and closing actions of the valve and the replacement process and the post-replacement effect of the artificial valve from the inside of the heart.
According to the in-vitro training system for the transcatheter aortic valve replacement, a plurality of pressure sensors and a plurality of flow sensors are arranged in the inner wall of a blood vessel of the aortic blood vessel model; particularly, the vessel inner wall is positioned at the entrance of the interventional device, and the vessel inner walls at the upstream and the downstream of the pathological valve model; the device is used for monitoring the flow pressure difference change at the inlet of the interventional device before and after the operation, the transvalvular pressure difference change and the pressure condition around the vascular wall after the artificial valve prosthesis is released.
The invention relates to an in vitro training system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement, wherein a heating module is arranged in a liquid storage tank; the liquid temperature in the liquid storage tank can be controlled to be 37 +/-1 ℃ through the heating module, and a more real simulated training environment is provided.
The invention discloses an in-vitro training system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement, wherein pathological valve models comprise a disposable pathological valve model and a recyclable pathological valve model.
The invention relates to an external training system for a transcatheter aortic valve replacement, wherein an external camera is arranged outside an aortic blood vessel model; the external camera is arranged towards a pathological valve model arranged in the aortic vessel model; used for shooting the opening and closing actions of the valve and the replacement process and the post-replacement effect of the artificial valve from the outside of the blood vessel.
According to the in-vitro training system for the transcatheter aortic valve replacement, the plurality of interventional devices are arranged on the cardiovascular model and the aortic vascular model of the human body to enter the intersection, so that an operator can conveniently perform operation training of different approaches; meanwhile, pulse fluid imitating the blood pressure waveform and temperature of a human body can be controlled by a steady-state or pulsating blood pressure and blood flow supply module to drive a heart beat and a valve switch, so that a simulation scene close to the real blood flow environment of the human body is provided; the method is characterized in that two structural settings and modes for valve replacement are provided simultaneously, the pathological valve model arranged between the aortic vascular model and the heart model can be replaced to simulate the operation of valve implantation under various diseases, and a transcatheter aortic valve replacement external training system which highly simulates the operation environment and process of real aortic valve implantation is provided for trainees; the sensor is arranged on the outer edge of the replaceable valve, so that the pressure distribution condition of the released artificial valve to the pathological valve and the periphery of the blood vessel wall is quantitatively evaluated; the sensors are arranged on the aortic arch and the inner wall of the heart, so that the puncture force of the catheter guide wire on the vascular wall of the aortic vascular model and the inner wall of the atrium and ventricle in the placement process is quantitatively evaluated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a human cardiovascular model and a pathological valve model according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a human cardiovascular model and a pathological valve model according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the external training system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pathological valve model according to the present invention;
wherein 1-heart model, 2-aortic vessel model, 3-pathological valve model, 4-projecting connecting piece, 5-pressure sensor, 6-opening, 7-aortic arch, 8-opening, 9-built-in camera, 10-external camera, 11-flow sensor and 12-valve leaflet.
Detailed Description
The external training system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example one
The invention discloses an in vitro training system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement, which comprises a human body cardiovascular model, a steady or pulsating blood pressure and blood supply module and a pathological valve model 3; as shown in fig. 1, the human cardiovascular model comprises a heart model 1 and an aortic vessel model 2 connected with the heart model 1; in the embodiment, an interventional device access port is arranged at the femoral artery, the brachial artery and the like; the steady-state or pulsating blood flow pressure and blood flow supply module comprises a precision pump and a liquid storage tank; as shown in fig. 3, the precision pump, the human cardiovascular simulation model and the liquid storage tank are sequentially communicated end to end; the pathological valve model 3 is arranged between the aortic blood vessel model 2 and the heart model 1. The structural size of the aortic vessel model 2 is determined to be transparent elastic silica gel material through the reconstruction of the real cardiovascular 3D data of human body; the pathological valve model 3 is formed by perfusion molding or 3D printing, and valve blades 12 are arranged in the pathological valve model 3. The liquid storage tank is internally stored with liquid simulating blood, and a heating module is arranged in the liquid storage tank. In this embodiment, an opening 6 is disposed on a side wall of a connection end of the aortic blood vessel model 2 and the heart model 1; the pathological valve model 3 is arranged in the aortic vessel model 2 at the connecting end of the aortic vessel model 2 and the heart model 1; as shown in fig. 4, the pressure sensor 5 is arranged on the outer periphery of the pathological valve model 3, and the pathological valve model 3 is fixed on the periphery of the valve in an adhesion mode after being manufactured. The pathological valve model 3 in the embodiment adopts a recyclable pathological valve model 3; an opening 8 is arranged at the apex of the heart model 1; a built-in camera 9 is arranged in the opening 8; the built-in camera 9 is arranged towards the pathological valve model 3; an external camera 10 is arranged on the outer side of the aortic blood vessel model 2; the external camera 10 is disposed toward the pathological valve model 3 disposed within the aortic vessel model 2.
A pressure sensor 5 is arranged on the inner wall of an aortic arch 7 on the aortic vessel model 2; a pressure sensor 5 is arranged on the inner wall of the ventricle of the heart model 1; because the operator may exert excessive force during the training process, the operator may penetrate the blood vessels and the heart. A pressure sensor 5 and a flow sensor 11 are arranged in the inner wall of the blood vessel of the aortic blood vessel model 2; in the embodiment, the device is specifically arranged on the inner wall of the blood vessel at the access port of the interventional instrument and the inner wall of the blood vessel at the upstream and the downstream of the pathological valve model 3.
When in surgical training, the liquid temperature is controlled to be 37 +/-1 ℃ by the heating temperature control device, pulse fluid is generated by the driving of a precision pump to enter the human body cardiovascular simulation model and then flows back to the liquid storage tank; the blood flow and pressure curve change close to the human body is quantitatively regulated and controlled and the temperature of the flowing liquid is regulated and controlled by a steady-state or pulsating blood flow pressure and blood flow supply module; the pulsed fluid drives the heart model 1 to produce systolic and diastolic behavior and the switching on and off of the pathological valve model 3. Meanwhile, a camera arranged at the apex of the heart shoots the opening and closing actions of the valve, the replacement process of the artificial valve and the effect after replacement from the inside of the heart; in this embodiment, a waterproof camera is used. The pressure sensor 5 is arranged on the inner wall of an aortic arch 7 on the aortic vessel model 2 and the inner wall of a ventricle of the heart model 1, and is used for measuring the puncture force of the catheter guide wire on the vessel wall of the aortic vessel model 2 and the inner wall of the atrium ventricle in the placement process. Measuring the pressure distribution conditions of the pathological valve and the periphery of the vessel wall after the artificial valve is released in the later period through the pressure sensors 5 arranged on the periphery of the pathological valve model 3, and evaluating whether the artificial valve is placed properly; a pressure sensor 5 and a flow sensor 11 arranged in the inner wall of the blood vessel monitor the flow pressure difference change at the inlet of the interventional device before and after the operation, the transvalvular pressure difference change and the pressure condition around the blood vessel wall after the release of the artificial valve prosthesis. Data acquired by the waterproof camera and various sensors are analyzed through a computer system, and comprehensive analysis and evaluation can be performed on the training condition of a trainee.
According to the in-vitro training system for the transcatheter aortic valve replacement, the heart model 1 and the aortic vessel model 2 are designed to be detachable, and replacement treatment processes of valves with various diseases can be simulated by replacing different pathological valve models 3. The simulation radiography system is matched to collect and process video images of a valve replacement process (including a catheter entering process and a valve releasing process), so that the shooting effect of the X-ray machine/CT machine after the simulation of the angiography is obtained, and the training person can experience more simulated whole-process valve replacement operation.
Example two
On the basis of the first embodiment, the two ends of the pathological valve model 3 in the external training system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement of the present embodiment are both provided with a protruding connecting piece 4; as shown in fig. 2, a protruding connecting piece 4 corresponding to the protruding connecting pieces 4 at the two ends of the pathological valve model 3 is also arranged at the end of the aortic vessel model 2 connected with the pathological valve model 3; a convex connecting piece 4 is arranged at one end of the heart model 1 connected with the pathological valve model 3; the pathological valve model 3 is respectively communicated with the aortic vessel model 2 and the heart model 1 through a convex connecting piece 4. In the embodiment, the convex connecting piece 4 is annular, and a threaded hole is formed in the convex connecting piece 4; the two corresponding convex connecting pieces 4 are fixedly connected through screws; the arrangement of the mode leads the aorta model and the heart model 1 to be completely separated at the junction, and the two ends of the pathological valve are respectively butted with the aorta vessel model 2 and the heart model 1 and are sealed and fixed; when the pathological valve model 3 is replaced, the clamp on the pathological valve model 3 to be replaced is aligned with the clamps arranged on the aortic vessel model 2 and the heart model 1 after the screws are loosened, and the replacement of the pathological valve model 3 is completed through the fixation of the screws.
Claims (10)
1. An in vitro training system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement, characterized in that: comprises a human cardiovascular model, a steady state or pulsating blood pressure and blood flow supply module and a pathological valve model (3); the human body cardiovascular model comprises a heart model (1) and an aortic vascular model (2) connected with the heart model (1); a plurality of interventional instruments entering the intersection are arranged on the aortic vessel model (2); the steady-state or pulsating blood flow pressure and blood flow supply module comprises a precision pump and a liquid storage tank; the precision pump, the human body cardiovascular simulation model and the liquid storage tank are sequentially communicated end to end; the pathological valve model (3) is arranged between the aortic blood vessel model (2) and the heart model (1).
2. The transcatheter aortic valve replacement in vitro training system of claim 1, wherein: an opening (6) is arranged on the side wall of the connecting end of the aortic vessel model (2) and the heart model (1); the pathological valve model (3) is arranged in the aortic vessel model (2) at the connecting end of the aortic vessel model (2) and the heart model (1).
3. The transcatheter aortic valve replacement in vitro training system of claim 1, wherein: both ends of the pathological valve model (3) are provided with a convex connecting piece (4); a convex connecting piece (4) is arranged at one end of the aortic vessel model (2) connected with the pathological valve model (3); a protruding connecting piece (4) is arranged at one end of the heart model (1) connected with the pathological valve model (3); the pathological valve model (3) is respectively communicated with the aortic vessel model (2) and the heart model (1) through a convex connecting piece (4).
4. The transcatheter aortic valve replacement in vitro training system of claim 2 or 3, wherein: and a pressure sensor (5) is arranged on the outer periphery of the pathological valve model (3).
5. The transcatheter aortic valve replacement in vitro training system of claim 4, wherein: the aortic vessel model (2) comprises an aortic arch (7); a pressure sensor (5) is arranged on the inner wall of the aortic arch (7); and a pressure sensor (5) is arranged on the inner wall of the ventricle of the heart model (1).
6. The transcatheter aortic valve replacement in vitro training system of claim 5, wherein: an opening (8) is arranged at the apex of the heart model (1); a built-in camera (9) is arranged in the opening (8); the built-in camera (9) is arranged towards the pathological valve model (3).
7. The transcatheter aortic valve replacement in vitro training system of claim 6, wherein: the inner wall of the blood vessel of the aortic blood vessel model (2) is internally provided with a plurality of pressure sensors (5) and a plurality of flow sensors (11).
8. The transcatheter aortic valve replacement in vitro training system of claim 7, wherein: and a heating module is arranged in the liquid storage tank.
9. The transcatheter aortic valve replacement in vitro training system of claim 8, wherein: the pathological valve model (3) comprises a disposable pathological valve model (3) and a recoverable pathological valve model (3).
10. The transcatheter aortic valve replacement in vitro training system of claim 9, wherein: an external camera (10) is arranged on the outer side of the aortic blood vessel model (2); the external camera (10) is arranged towards a pathological valve model (3) arranged in the aortic vessel model (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010978607.2A CN112185228A (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | External training system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement |
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| CN202010978607.2A CN112185228A (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | External training system for transcatheter aortic valve replacement |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113171552A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-27 | 清华大学 | Fluid driving device with valve structure and application thereof |
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- 2020-09-17 CN CN202010978607.2A patent/CN112185228A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113171552A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-27 | 清华大学 | Fluid driving device with valve structure and application thereof |
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