CN107860623A - A kind of soft rock processing experiment device and its test method - Google Patents
A kind of soft rock processing experiment device and its test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107860623A CN107860623A CN201711082822.9A CN201711082822A CN107860623A CN 107860623 A CN107860623 A CN 107860623A CN 201711082822 A CN201711082822 A CN 201711082822A CN 107860623 A CN107860623 A CN 107860623A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soft rock processing experiment device and its test method, for processing rock sample, it is characterized in that including testing stand, bottom loading plate, connecting rod, top loading plate, signal control module, grinding stone motor, hoop constraint device and end face polishing module；The connecting rod uses telescopic structure；The hoop constraint device includes two, respectively upper hoop constraint device and lower hoop constraint device；The upper hoop constraint device is additionally provided with end face sanding apparatus, for rock sample end of polishing；Cylinder frosted body is provided with the grinding stone motor.The beneficial effect that the present invention is reached：This experimental rig can complete the making to soft rock standard specimen, and standard specimen making guarantee is provided to carry out the basic physics of soft rock and dynamic characteristic test；The apparatus structure is simple, and it is easy to make, low-cost, easy to operate, and processing is fine, low damage high efficiency, using reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soft rock processing experiment device and its test method, belong to rock sample processing technique field.
Background technology
Soft rock is that have significantly plastic deformation and the Complicate soil medium of viscoelastic deformation under a kind of specific environment, its
Basic characteristics are low intensity, deformed greatly.Lithology is to influence the most basic factor of soft-rock tunnel or Analyses of Tunnel Wall Rock Stability, rock
Characteristics of strength and deformation is the basis of underground engineering theoretical calculation and design.
Experimental Study On Mechanical Properties are carried out to sample using rock test rig, the main mechanical parameter of rock can be obtained, such as
The deformation parameter (modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio) of rock and intensive parameter (internal friction angle, cohesive force) etc., this is to carry out correlation theory
The basis of analysis, Equivalent Materials Testing and numerical computations, it is to carry out the underground engineering branch such as mine working (chamber) or tunnel
Shield, Stability Analysis of The Surrounding Rock etc. study essential data.The characteristics of strength and deformation of soft rock is disclosed, to soft-rock tunnel or tunnel
Road surrounding rock failure Analysis on Mechanism has important theory significance and application value.
If in general, carrying out single shaft and triaxial compression test, three axle unloader tests, rheological test of rock etc., need
The sillar or core that scene is fetched are processed into standard specimen, and (Standard for test methods of engineering rock masses GBT 50266-2013 are advised
It is fixed：(1) sample dimensions, rock sample are cylindrical specimens, and specimen finish is 48~54mm, and specimen height and diameter ratio are preferably 2.0
~2.5.(2) test specimen machining accuracy, test specimen two ends face nonparallelism error cannot be greater than 0.05mm；Along height of specimen, diameter
Error cannot be greater than 0.3mm；End face should be perpendicular to test specimen axis, and deviation cannot be greater than 0.25 °).
But for some soft rocks (predominantly mud stone, argillaceous agglutination sandstone, weak cement rock soft rock etc.), because its is cementing
Poor (argillaceous agglutination, internal capillary gap are more), low intensity (uniaxial compressive strength is about 0~5MPa, and part rock hand is pinched i.e. broken), easily
Weathering (in the short time can weathering be in granular media shape), cementization disintegration (fater disintegration is in block shape or cement paste after meeting water) is met, made
This rocks is obtained by smaller construction disturbance (development blasting, development machine excavate, pneumatic pick broken rock), exposure weathering, chance cement to be turned into
Destroyed with easily rupturing or being disintegrated, can hardly get suitable sillar after explosion or tunneler construction at the scene or pass through coring
Machine gets the cylinder rock sample of normal diameter.
At present, a diameter of 60~220mm of generally use geological drill bit carries out coring, and the core diameter drilled through is about 70~
200mm, the core-taking rate of soft rock is improved to a certain extent and ensure that coring effect.But if scene is fetched
Sillar or large diameter cylinder rock sample make the standard specimen required for experiment, it is also necessary to carry out the 2nd coring using corning machine
(set core), the core for then being taken out corning machine using slicer are carried out cutting process and (ensure that rock sample is unsuitable long, after convenient
Continuous polishing), and then carry out polishing processing using the rock sample end face after stone mill cuts slicer, due to corning machine, section
It is required for carrying out drill bit, saw blade, grinding wheel cooling processing using water in machine, the stone mill course of work, it is sudden and violent in process
Divulging a secret, rupture or even destruction that water argillization accelerates rock sample are met, then because mechanical disturbance is to the continuous vibration shadow of rock sample
Ring, cause be difficult or it is hardly possible sillar or large diameter cylinder rock sample are fabricated to Standard rock sample by way of coring,
Therefore the examination of soft rock standard is made using conventional rock processing method (corning machine coring, slicer cutting, stone mill flour milling)
The success rate of sample is extremely low, and the production quality of rock sample is also difficult to ensure that.Therefore, soft rock processing experiment device is developed very must
Will, standard specimen making guarantee can be provided to carry out the basic physics of soft rock and dynamic characteristic test.
The content of the invention
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of soft rock processing experiment device and its
Test method, solve the problems, such as in currently available technology to soft rock be sampled reprocess numerous and diverse and procedure it is complicated.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of soft rock processing experiment device, for processing rock sample, it is characterized in that, including testing stand, bottom loading plate,
Connecting rod, top loading plate, signal control module, grinding stone motor, hoop constraint device and end face polishing module；The experiment
Platform, bottom loading plate, connecting rod, top loading plate are sequentially connected from bottom to top；The connecting rod uses telescopic structure；Institute
Connecting rod is stated to be arranged between bottom loading plate and top loading plate by endoporus；The hoop constraint device includes two,
Respectively upper hoop constraint device and lower hoop constraint device；The lower hoop constraint device is arranged on bottom bearing plate, upper ring
It is arranged on to restraint device on the bearing plate of top, and upper hoop constraint device and lower hoop constraint device are oppositely arranged；On described
Hoop constraint device is additionally provided with end face sanding apparatus, for rock sample end of polishing；The grinding stone motor is arranged on bottom undertaking
On plate, close to lower hoop constraint device；The grinding stone motor is by cable connection in signal control module；On the grinding stone motor
It is provided with cylinder frosted body；The cylinder frosted body is towards rock sample, for polishing the ring on rock sample periphery.
A kind of foregoing soft rock processing experiment device, it is characterized in that, each hoop constraint device includes inner ring
Hoop and outer hoop；Spring is provided between the outer hoop and interior hoop；The interior hoop and outer hoop are telescopic type knot
Structure.
A kind of foregoing soft rock processing experiment device, it is characterized in that, on the bottom loading plate and top loading plate
It is provided with rock sample and places macropore, for places rock sample and fixed outer hoop.
A kind of foregoing soft rock processing experiment device, it is characterized in that, the end face sanding apparatus include abrasive segments and
Handle；The handle is fixed in abrasive segments；The handle is rotated by rotational band moved end portion abrasive segments, to the axle of rock sample end face
To being polished.
A kind of foregoing soft rock processing experiment device, it is characterized in that, it is provided with orientation slideway on the grinding stone motor；
Rotary shaft is provided with the orientation slideway；The cylinder frosted body is arranged on rotary shaft towards on one end of rock mass；
The rotary shaft is used to drive cylinder frosted body to rotate and slide along orientation slideway to rock sample position direction.
A kind of foregoing soft rock processing experiment device, it is characterized in that, the signal control module is used to regulate and control cylinder
The velocity of rotation of frosted body and the sliding speed along orientation slideway.
A kind of foregoing soft rock processing experiment device, it is characterized in that, the signal control module passes through cable connection
There is power supply.
A kind of foregoing soft rock processing experiment device, it is characterized in that, the grinding stone motor is fixed using welding manner
On the loading plate of bottom.
A kind of foregoing soft rock processing experiment device, it is characterized in that, the grinding stone motor is provided with four, uniformly divides
Surrounding of the cloth in lower hoop constraint device.
A kind of test method of soft rock processing experiment device, it is characterized in that,
Step 1) pours testing stand using a certain proportion of cement, Sha Heshui, and grinding stone motor uses bottom total length welding side
Formula is fixed on the loading plate of bottom；
After to be tested conserves 28 days, bottom loading plate is fixed on testing stand by bed bolt；
Top loading plate and bottom loading plate are fixed together by step 2) using connecting rod by endoporus, and outer hoop is adopted
Rock sample reserved among top loading plate and bottom loading plate is fixed on connecting bolt to place in macropore, using spring by inner ring
Hoop and outer hoop are linked together, and rock sample is placed in interior hoop, and the elastic force that can be provided by spring and interior hoop are to rock sample
Hoop constraint power is provided；
Step 3) uses cable connection power supply, and the rotating speed of grinding stone motor is regulated and controled by signal control module；Grinding stone motor opens
After dynamic, rotary shaft can drive cylinder frosted body to rotate and slided along orientation slideway to the direction of rock sample position, and then right
Rock sample, which carries out three-dimensional ring polishing, makes its diameter constantly reduce.Handle is rotated simultaneously, on the one hand can carry out cylinder frosted body to rock
The uniform grinding on sample periphery, prevent that the polishing of rock sample ring is uneven；The rotation of another aspect handle can drive turning for end abrasive segments
It is dynamic, it can carry out polishing to the axial direction of rock sample end face.
The beneficial effect that the present invention is reached：This experimental rig can be completed to soft rock (predominantly mud stone, argillaceous agglutination
Sandstone, weak cement rock soft rock) standard specimen making, provide mark to carry out basic physics and the dynamic characteristic test of soft rock
Quasi- sample, which makes, to be ensured；Meanwhile it can also carry out the processing experiment of soft rock, hard rock.The apparatus structure is simple, and it is easy to make, expense
Cheap, easy to operate, processing is fine, low damage high efficiency, using reliable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present apparatus；
Fig. 2 is grinding stone motor and its perspective structure schematic diagram on top in the present apparatus；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of ring restraint device in the present apparatus；
Fig. 4 is the top structure schematic diagram of upper hoop constraint device.
The implication of reference in figure：
1- testing stands, 2- bottoms loading plate, 3- bed bolts, 4- endoporus, 5- tops loading plate, 6- connecting rods, 7- rock samples,
8- springs, hoop in 9-, the outer hoops of 10-, 11- rock samples place macropore, 12- connecting bolts, 13- grinding stone motors, and 14- orientations are slided
Road, 15- rotary shafts, 16- cylinder frosted bodies, 17- cables, 18- signal control modules, 19- power supplys, 20- ends abrasive segments, 21-
Handle.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following examples are only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical scheme, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
As shown in figure 1, in the structure of the present apparatus, including testing stand 1, bottom loading plate 2, connecting rod 6, top loading plate 5,
Signal control module 18, grinding stone motor 13, hoop constraint device and end face polishing module.
Testing stand 1, bottom loading plate 2, connecting rod 6, top loading plate 5 are sequentially connected from bottom to top.Wherein, connecting rod 6
Using telescopic structure, in order to adjust the difference in height of top bearing plate and bottom bearing plate according to the height of rock sample 7.Connection
Bar 6 is arranged between bottom loading plate 2 and top loading plate 5 by endoporus 4.
Hoop constraint device includes two, respectively upper hoop constraint device and lower hoop constraint device.Lower ring is about
Bundle device is arranged on bottom bearing plate, and upper hoop constraint device is arranged on the bearing plate of top, and upper hoop constraint device is with
Hoop constraint device is oppositely arranged so that rock sample 7 can be placed vertically.Upper hoop constraint device is additionally provided with end face polishing dress
Put, for the end of rock sample 7 of polishing.
Each hoop constraint device includes interior hoop 9 and outer hoop 10.Spring is provided between outer hoop 10 and interior hoop 9
8.Outer hoop 10 is fixed on top loading plate 5 and bottom loading plate 2 using connecting bolt 12.Interior hoop 9 and outer hoop 10
It is telescopic type structure, is adapted with the situation with the reduced diameter of rock sample 7 in process, is ensured in process
Operative constraint of the interior hoop 9 to rock sample 7.In use, elastic force and interior hoop 9 that hoop constraint device can be provided by spring 8
Hoop constraint power is provided to rock sample 7.
End face sanding apparatus includes abrasive segments and handle 21.Handle 21 is fixed in abrasive segments, and handle 21 passes through rotational band
Moved end portion abrasive segments 20 are rotated, and the axial direction of the end face of rock sample 7 is polished.The rotation of handle 21 can drive end abrasive segments 20
Rotate, can carry out polishing to the axial direction of the end face of rock sample 7 so that rock sample 7 constantly reduces in the case where ring acts on axial stereo grinding
Its diameter.
Grinding stone motor 13 is arranged on the bearing plate of bottom, close to lower hoop constraint device.Grinding stone motor 13 passes through cable 17
It is connected to signal control module 18.Orientation slideway 14 is provided with grinding stone motor 13, orients in slideway 14 and is provided with rotary shaft 15,
Rotary shaft 15 is provided with cylinder frosted body 16 towards one end of rock mass.In the present embodiment, grinding stone motor 13 uses welding manner
It is fixed on bottom loading plate 2.
Rotary shaft 15 can drive cylinder frosted body 16 to rotate and slided along orientation slideway 14 to the position direction of rock sample 7
It is dynamic.Cylinder frosted body 16 is used to polish to the ring on the periphery of rock sample 7.Signal control module 18 is used to regulate and control cylinder frosted body
16 velocity of rotation and the sliding speed along orientation slideway 14, realize the fine polishing to rock sample 7, ensure the making matter of rock sample 7
Amount and efficiency.
Using the soft rock processing experiment method of above-mentioned experimental rig, the test method comprises the following steps：
Step 1) pours testing stand 1 using a certain proportion of cement, Sha Heshui, and grinding stone motor 13 is welded using bottom total length
Mode is fixed on bottom loading plate 2；After to be tested 1 conserves 28 days, bottom loading plate 2 is fixed on by bed bolt 3
On testing stand 1.
Top loading plate 5 and bottom loading plate 2 are fixed together by step 2) using connecting rod 6 by endoporus 4, by outer shroud
Hoop 10 is fixed on rock sample reserved among top loading plate 5 and bottom loading plate 2 using connecting bolt 12 and placed in macropore 11, adopts
Interior hoop 9 and outer hoop 10 are linked together with spring 8；Rock sample 7 is placed in interior hoop 9, the bullet that can be provided by spring 8
Property power and interior hoop 9 to rock sample 7 provide hoop constraint power；Interior hoop 9 and outer hoop 10 are telescopic type structure, with processing
During the situation of the reduced diameter of rock sample 7 be adapted, ensure operative constraint of the hoop 9 to rock sample 7 in process.Connection
Bar 6 is also telescopic type structure, is adapted with the height change with rock sample 7.
Step 3) connects power supply 19 using cable 17, and the rotating speed of grinding stone motor 13 is regulated and controled by signal control module 18；Mill
After stone motor 13 starts, rotary shaft 15 can drive cylinder frosted body 16 to rotate and along orientation slideway 14 to the position of rock sample 7
Direction slide, and then rock sample 7 is carried out solid ring polishing its diameter is constantly reduced.Rotate handle 21, a side simultaneously
Face, cylinder frosted body 16 can be carried out the ring on the periphery of rock sample 7 is polished, prevent that the polishing of the ring of rock sample 7 is uneven；On the other hand, turn
21 rotation can be driven the rotation of end abrasive segments 20, can carry out polishing to the axial direction of the end face of rock sample 7.
In the present embodiment, testing stand uses concrete structure, use strength grade for 32.5~42.5 normal silicate
Cement, 1 is pressed according to cement, sand and water:2.0~3.0:0.5~0.8 ratio pours, its size (length×width×height)
For 800~1000mm × 800~1000mm × 500~800mm.
Top loading plate 5, bottom loading plate 2, ring sleeve, connecting rod 6, rotary shaft 15, handle 21 use ordinary steel
Material (specification Q235) makes.Top loading plate 5, the thickness of bottom loading plate 2 are 5~10mm, its endoporus 4 a diameter of 20~
22mm, a diameter of 150~200mm of in-between macropore, its size (length x width) are 400~600mm × 400~600mm.
Connecting rod 6 is telescopic type structure, and its a diameter of 20~22mm, length is 100~300mm.Handle 21 is using general
Logical steel plate makes, and the thickness of steel plate is 3~5mm, and width is 8~10mm, and length is 100~200mm.
Interior hoop 9 and outer hoop 10 are telescopic type structure, and interior 9 a diameter of 50~100mm of hoop, wall thickness is 3~5mm,
Highly it is 10~20mm；Outer 10 a diameter of 150~200mm of hoop, wall thickness are 3~5mm, are highly 10~20mm；The diameter of spring 8
For 8~10mm, length is 40~60mm, and maximum deformation quantity is 100~150mm.The strength grade of bed bolt 3 is 5.8~8.8,
Diameter of bolt hole is 20~28mm；The strength grade of connecting bolt 12 is 3.6~5.6, and diameter of bolt hole is 4~6mm.Grinding stone motor
13 use low speed rotation motor, and rotating speed is 20~50r/min；15 a diameter of 18~20mm of rotary shaft, length are 100~300mm；
It is 18~20mm to orient the width of slideway 14, and length is 80~100mm, and groove depth is 8~10mm；Abrasive segments use conventional abrasive material
(corundum and carborundum etc.) makes, and 16 a diameter of 60~80mm of cylinder frosted body, length is 100~300mm；End abrasive segments 20
A diameter of 50~100mm, it is highly 10~20mm.
This experimental rig can be completed to soft rock (predominantly mud stone, argillaceous agglutination sandstone, weak cement rock soft rock) standard
The making of sample, standard specimen making guarantee is provided to carry out the basic physics of soft rock and dynamic characteristic test；Meanwhile
The processing experiment of soft rock, hard rock can be carried out.The apparatus structure is simple, and it is easy to make, low-cost, easy to operate, and processing is fine,
Low damage high efficiency, using reliable.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, some improvement and deformation can also be made, these are improved and deformation
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of soft rock processing experiment device, for processing rock sample, it is characterized in that, including testing stand, bottom loading plate, company
Extension bar, top loading plate, signal control module, grinding stone motor, hoop constraint device and end face polishing module；
The testing stand, bottom loading plate, connecting rod, top loading plate are sequentially connected from bottom to top；The connecting rod uses can
Telescopic structure；The connecting rod is arranged between bottom loading plate and top loading plate by endoporus；
The hoop constraint device includes two, respectively upper hoop constraint device and lower hoop constraint device；The lower ring
Bottom bearing plate is arranged on to restraint device, upper hoop constraint device is arranged on the bearing plate of top, and upper hoop constraint device
It is oppositely arranged with lower hoop constraint device；
The upper hoop constraint device is additionally provided with end face sanding apparatus, for rock sample end of polishing；
The grinding stone motor is arranged on the bearing plate of bottom, close to lower hoop constraint device；The grinding stone motor is connected by cable
It is connected on signal control module；Cylinder frosted body is provided with the grinding stone motor；The cylinder frosted body towards rock sample, for pair
The ring on rock sample periphery is polished.
2. a kind of soft rock processing experiment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, each hoop constraint dress
Put including interior hoop and outer hoop；Spring is provided between the outer hoop and interior hoop；The interior hoop and outer hoop are
Telescopic type structure.
3. a kind of soft rock processing experiment device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the bottom loading plate and upper
Rock sample is provided with portion's loading plate and places macropore, for placing rock sample and fixed outer hoop.
4. a kind of soft rock processing experiment device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the end face sanding apparatus bag
Include abrasive segments and handle；The handle is fixed in abrasive segments；The handle is rotated by rotational band moved end portion abrasive segments, to rock
Polished the axial direction of sample end face.
5. a kind of soft rock processing experiment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, set on the grinding stone motor
There is orientation slideway；Rotary shaft is provided with the orientation slideway；The cylinder frosted body is arranged on rotary shaft one towards rock mass
On end；
The rotary shaft is used to drive cylinder frosted body to rotate and slide along orientation slideway to rock sample position direction.
6. a kind of soft rock processing experiment device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the signal control module is used
Velocity of rotation in regulation and control cylinder frosted body and the sliding speed along orientation slideway.
7. a kind of soft rock processing experiment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the grinding stone motor is provided with
4, it is evenly distributed on the surrounding of lower hoop constraint device.
8. a kind of test method of the soft rock processing experiment device based on described in claim 1-7 any one, its feature
It is,
Step 1) pours testing stand using a certain proportion of cement, Sha Heshui, and grinding stone motor is consolidated using bottom total length welding manner
It is scheduled on the loading plate of bottom；
After to be tested conserves 28 days, bottom loading plate is fixed on testing stand by bed bolt；
Top loading plate and bottom loading plate are fixed together by step 2) using connecting rod by endoporus, by outer hoop using company
Connecting bolt is fixed on rock sample reserved among top loading plate and bottom loading plate and placed in macropore, using spring by interior hoop and
Outer hoop is linked together, and rock sample is placed in interior hoop, and the elastic force and interior hoop that can be provided by spring are provided rock sample
Hoop constraint power；
Step 3) uses cable connection power supply, and the rotating speed of grinding stone motor is regulated and controled by signal control module；After grinding stone electric motor starting,
Rotary shaft can drive cylinder frosted body to rotate and slided along orientation slideway to the direction of rock sample position, and then rock sample is entered
The three-dimensional ring polishing of row makes its diameter constantly reduce.Handle is rotated simultaneously, on the one hand can carry out cylinder frosted body to rock sample periphery
Uniform grinding, prevent that the polishing of rock sample ring is uneven；The rotation of another aspect handle can drive the rotation of end abrasive segments, can enter
Row is polished the axial direction of rock sample end face.
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| CN201711082822.9A CN107860623B (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2017-11-07 | Testing device and testing method for processing of soft rock |
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| CN201711082822.9A CN107860623B (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2017-11-07 | Testing device and testing method for processing of soft rock |
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| CN107860623B CN107860623B (en) | 2020-03-10 |
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| CN111929157A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-13 | 河南景链新材料有限公司 | Method for detecting performance of pyrophyllite block |
| CN113209517A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-08-06 | 东风延锋盐城汽车饰件系统有限公司 | Portable vehicle-mounted storage device |
| CN114428006A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Weak cemented rock sample preparation device and preparation method |
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| CN114428006A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Weak cemented rock sample preparation device and preparation method |
| CN114428006B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-01-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Weak cemented rock sample preparation device and preparation method |
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