CN107855827B - Lubricating and cooling method for internal cooling-free machine tool - Google Patents
Lubricating and cooling method for internal cooling-free machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN107855827B CN107855827B CN201710917410.6A CN201710917410A CN107855827B CN 107855827 B CN107855827 B CN 107855827B CN 201710917410 A CN201710917410 A CN 201710917410A CN 107855827 B CN107855827 B CN 107855827B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/22—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work
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Abstract
A lubrication cooling method of a non-internal cooling machine tool comprises the steps of providing a tool setting device, wherein the tool setting device comprises a first driving mechanism, a second driving mechanism, a laser sensor and a spray pipe; driving a laser sensor to reciprocate along the length direction of the cutter by using a first driving mechanism, wherein the laser sensor is used for sensing the position of a cutter head of the cutter; and driving the spray pipe to rotate to align the cutter head according to the sensed position of the cutter head by using a second driving mechanism. The lubricating and cooling method of the internal cooling-free machine tool can accurately judge the position of the tool bit of the tool, and aims the spray pipe at the tool bit and the machining area, so that the process of manually adjusting the spray pipe is omitted, the accuracy of the alignment of the spray pipe and the machining area is improved, and the machining efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical cutting, in particular to a lubricating and cooling method of an internal-cooling-free machine tool.
Background
The micro-lubricating technology is a lubricating mode of metal processing, namely semi-dry cutting, and refers to a cutting processing method for mixing and vaporizing compressed gas and trace lubricating oil to form micron-sized liquid drops which are sprayed to a processing area for effective lubrication. The micro-lubricating technology is an effective green manufacturing technology, the cutting fluid is supplied in the form of high-speed mist, the permeability of the lubricant is increased, the cooling and lubricating effects are improved, and the surface processing quality of the workpiece is improved; the amount of the cutting fluid is only one ten-thousandth of the amount of the traditional cutting fluid, so that the cost of the cooling fluid is greatly reduced, the cutter, the workpiece and the cutting chips outside the cutting area are kept dry, and the problem of waste liquid treatment is avoided.
The micro-lubricating technology is divided into two lubricating modes of an external cooling type and an internal cooling type: the external cooling type lubrication method is to introduce the cutting fluid into a jet cooling system to be mixed with gas, and to continuously jet the atomized nano-level gas mist to the cutting point through a multi-head nozzle under high pressure. The internal cooling type generates oil mist lubricant inside the atomizer, and the oil mist lubricant is sent into a cutter through a machine tool main shaft and is sprayed out through a cutter nozzle.
At present, numerically controlled machine tools are mainly used for machining precise complex parts, and the machine tools have a plurality of working procedures during operation, so that a plurality of cutters with different models, sizes and lengths exist, when the numerically controlled machine tools are not provided with internal cooling channels, the externally-cooled minimal quantity lubrication technology can be used for cooling and lubricating, and the traditional externally-cooled minimal quantity lubrication technology is used for aligning a fixed nozzle to a machining area for lubricating, cooling and chip removal. When the numerical control machine tool is in operation, automatic tool changing can be carried out due to multiple processes, the position of the nozzle cannot be manually adjusted, when the tool is changed into tools with different lengths, the nozzle cannot be aligned, and the function of a micro-lubricating technology cannot be exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lubricating and cooling method of a machine tool without inner cooling, which can accurately judge the position of a tool bit of a cutter, align a spray pipe with the tool bit and a machining area, save the process of manually adjusting the spray pipe, improve the alignment accuracy of the spray pipe and the machining area and improve the machining efficiency.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
A lubrication cooling method of a non-internal cooling machine tool comprises the steps of providing a tool setting device, wherein the tool setting device comprises a first driving mechanism, a second driving mechanism, a laser sensor and a spray pipe; driving a laser sensor to reciprocate along the length direction of the cutter by using a first driving mechanism, wherein the laser sensor is used for sensing the position of a cutter head of the cutter; and driving the spray pipe to rotate to align the cutter head according to the sensed position of the cutter head by using a second driving mechanism.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first driving mechanism includes a fixed table, a first driver, a transmission member, a slider, and a movable rod, the first driver is connected to the fixed table, a driving shaft of the first driver is connected to the transmission member, the slider is connected to the transmission member, the movable rod is disposed along a length direction of the tool, the movable rod is connected to the slider, and the laser sensor is connected to the movable rod.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second driving mechanism includes a fixed plate, a second actuator and a swing arm, the second actuator and the fixed plate are connected to the fixed plate, the swing arm is connected to a driving shaft of the second actuator, and the nozzle is connected to the swing arm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle includes a first tube, a second tube and a return spring, the first tube is connected to the second driving mechanism, one end of the second tube is movably disposed in the first tube, one end of the first tube is provided with a first stopper, one end of the second tube is provided with a second stopper, the return spring is disposed in the first tube, and two ends of the return spring respectively abut against the first stopper and the second stopper.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle further includes an extension tube, a first fixing block, a second fixing block, and a guide rod, wherein one end of the extension tube is connected to the second tube, the extension tube and the second tube are disposed at an angle, the first fixing block is connected to the first tube, the first fixing block is provided with a guide hole, the second fixing block is connected to the second tube, one end of the guide rod is connected to the second fixing block, and the other end of the guide rod movably penetrates through the guide hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for lubricating and cooling a non-internal-cooling machine tool further includes:
providing a control device, starting the first driving mechanism by using the control device, and driving the laser sensor to move downwards to the maximum stroke and stop; and
the control device starts the laser sensor, the laser sensor emits laser signals and receives the laser signals, meanwhile, the first driving mechanism drives the laser sensor to move upwards, when the laser sensor receives the laser signals reflected by the cutter, the first driving mechanism stops driving, and the position is determined as a cutter head;
the control device calculates the angle for driving the spray pipe to rotate according to the length of the cutter; and
and the control device is utilized to start the second driving mechanism, and the second driving mechanism drives the spray pipe to rotate by a corresponding angle, so that the spray head of the spray pipe is aligned with the cutter head and the processing area.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for lubricating and cooling a non-internal-cooling machine tool further includes:
providing a control device, starting the first driving mechanism by using the control device, and driving the laser sensor to move downwards to the maximum stroke and stop; and
the control device starts the laser sensor, the laser sensor emits laser signals and receives the laser signals, meanwhile, the first driving mechanism drives the laser sensor to move upwards, when the laser sensor receives the laser signals reflected by the cutter, the first driving mechanism stops driving, and the position is determined as a cutter head;
the control device calls out the rotation angle corresponding to the length of the cutter from the memory according to the length of the cutter; and
and the control device is utilized to start the second driving mechanism, and the second driving mechanism drives the spray pipe to rotate by a corresponding angle, so that the spray head of the spray pipe is aligned with the cutter head and the processing area.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for lubricating and cooling a non-internal-cooling machine tool further includes:
and providing a lubricating and cooling device, and providing a lubricating and cooling substance for the spray pipe by using the lubricating and cooling device.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for lubricating and cooling a non-internal-cooling machine tool further includes:
the control device is used for controlling the flow of the lubricating and cooling material output by the lubricating and cooling device to the spray pipe, so that the pressure in the first pipe body is controlled, and the second pipe body extends out by a required length.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle includes a first tube, a second tube, a third tube, a first return spring and a second return spring, the first tube is connected with the second driving mechanism, one end of the second tube is movably arranged in the first tube, one end of the third tube body is movably arranged in the second tube body, one end of the first tube body is provided with a first limiting block, one end of the second pipe body is provided with a second limiting block, the other end of the second pipe body is provided with a third limiting block, one end of the third tube body is provided with a third four limiting blocks, the first return spring is arranged in the first tube body, and two ends of the first return spring are respectively abutted against the first limiting block and the second limiting block, the second return spring is arranged in the second pipe body, and two ends of the second return spring are respectively abutted against the third limiting block and the fourth limiting block.
The lubricating and cooling method of the machine tool without the inner cooling utilizes the first driving mechanism to drive the laser sensor to reciprocate along the length direction of the cutter, the laser sensor is used for sensing the position of the cutter head of the cutter, and the second driving mechanism can drive the spray pipe to rotate to align the cutter head according to the sensed position of the cutter head. The lubricating and cooling method of the internal cooling-free machine tool can accurately judge the position of the tool bit of the tool, and aims the spray pipe at the tool bit and the machining area, so that the process of manually adjusting the spray pipe is omitted, the accuracy of the alignment of the spray pipe and the machining area is improved, and the machining efficiency is improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following preferred embodiments are specifically described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic tool setting system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tool setting device according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another viewing angle of the tool setting device according to the first embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the tool setting device of the present invention connected to a numerically controlled machine tool.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nozzle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the nozzle of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a method of lubricating and cooling the interior-coolless machine tool according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a lubricating and cooling method of a machine tool without internal cooling according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic flow chart of a lubricating and cooling method of a machine tool without internal cooling according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description will be made of the specific implementation, structure, features and effects of the method for lubricating and cooling a machine tool without internal cooling according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments:
the foregoing and other technical matters, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings. While the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but is intended to cover various modifications, equivalent arrangements, and specific embodiments thereof.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic tool setting system according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the automatic tool setting system 100 includes a tool setting device 10, a lubricating and cooling device 20, and a control device 30. The control device 30 is respectively in signal connection with the tool setting device 10 and the lubricating and cooling device 20, and controls the tool setting device 10 to automatically set a tool and controls the lubricating and cooling device 20 to convey a lubricating and cooling substance to the tool setting device 10.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tool setting device according to a first embodiment of the invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another viewing angle of the tool setting device according to the first embodiment of the invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the tool setting device of the present invention connected to a numerically controlled machine tool. As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the tool setting device 10 includes a first drive mechanism 12, a second drive mechanism 13, a laser sensor 14 and a nozzle 15. In this embodiment, the laser sensor 14 is connected to the first driving mechanism 12, the first driving mechanism 12 can drive the laser sensor 14 to move back and forth along the length direction of the tool 100b, the laser sensor 14 is used for sensing the position of the tool bit of the tool 100b, the nozzle 15 is connected to the second driving mechanism 13, and the second driving mechanism 13 can drive the nozzle 15 to rotate to align with the tool bit according to the sensed position of the tool bit.
Specifically, the first drive mechanism 12 includes a fixed stage 122, a first driver 124, a transmission member 125, a slider 126, and a movable bar 127. The fixing table 122 is disposed along a vertical direction, and a length direction of the fixing table 122 is parallel to a length direction of the tool 100 b. The end of the fixing base 122 is provided with a bump 123, and the bump 123 is provided with a via hole (not shown) penetrating through the bump 123 along a vertical direction. The first driver 124 is connected to the top end of the fixed table 122, the driving shaft of the first driver 124 is connected to the transmission member 125, the sliding block 126 is connected to the transmission member 125, and the first driver 124 can drive the sliding block 126 to move up and down (up and down along the length direction of the tool 100 b) through the transmission member 125. The movable rod 127 is disposed along the length direction of the tool 100b, one end of the movable rod 127 is fixed to the slider 126, and the other end of the movable rod 127 passes through the through hole to be connected to the laser sensor 14. When the first driver 124 drives the slider 126 to move, the movable rod 127 and the laser sensor 14 move synchronously with the slider 126, so that the laser sensor 14 senses the cutting head of the tool 100 b.
In this embodiment, the first driver 124 is, for example, a motor or an air cylinder, and when the first driver 124 is a motor, the transmission member 125 is a screw rod or a belt, that is, the sliding block 126 can be driven by the screw rod or the belt; when the first driver 124 is an air cylinder, the transmission member 125 is an air cylinder shaft, and the slider 126 can be directly driven by the air cylinder shaft. The types of the first driver 124 and the transmission member 125 can be freely selected according to actual needs, and are not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the second driving mechanism 13 includes a fixed plate 132, a second driver 133 and a swing arm 134. The fixing plate 132 is disposed along a horizontal direction, i.e., a length direction of the fixing plate 132 is perpendicular to a length direction of the cutter 100 b; the second actuator 133 is connected to the fixed plate 132, the swing arm 134 is connected to a driving shaft of the second actuator 133, and the nozzle 15 is connected to the swing arm 134.
In this embodiment, a plurality of adjusting holes 101 are formed in the fixing plate 132, the adjusting holes 101 are arranged at intervals, the length direction of each adjusting hole 101 is perpendicular to the length direction of the tool 100b, and the fixing plate 132 is adjustably connected to the numerical control machine 100a by being matched with the adjusting holes 101 through bolts. The fixing table 122 of the first driving mechanism 12 is adjustably connected to the fixing plate 132 through the bolt and the adjusting hole 101; the second driver 133 is adjustably connected to the second fixing plate 132 by means of a bolt engaged with the adjusting hole 101, that is, the distance between the fixing table 122 and the second driver 133 and the position of the tool setting device 10 on the numerical control machine 100a can be adjusted to make the laser sensor 14 and the nozzle 15 in the proper tool setting position.
In the present embodiment, the tool setting device 10 is installed as follows:
when the main shaft of the numerical control machine tool 100a only moves vertically, fixing the fixing plate 132 on the main shaft guard plate of the vertical numerical control machine tool 100 a; when the main shaft of the numerical control machine 100a moves horizontally, a fixed mount needs to be designed and installed on the body plate of the numerical control machine 100 a; the maximum upper and lower stroke and the left and right positions of the laser sensor 14 are determined before installation so as to prevent collision with a machine tool fixture, a workbench and the like, and when the nozzle 15 is aligned with a machining area, it is determined that the numerical control machine 100a does not touch the nozzle 15 during automatic tool changing. When the circuit of the cutter device 10 is installed, the signal wire of the system is connected to a cutting fluid starting signal point of a machine tool, and the 24V power wire of the system is connected to a power supply of the machine tool, so that the linkage with the machine tool can be realized.
As shown in fig. 4, the laser sensor 14 is fixed to the movable bar 127, and the laser sensor 14 is disposed in a horizontal direction, that is, a laser beam emitted from the laser sensor 14 may be vertically irradiated to the tool 100 b. The present embodiment uses the laser sensor 14 to determine three parameter values before searching for the knife:
at the lowest position, the maximum travel of the laser sensor 14 should be greater than the longest tool 100b (the maximum distance that the first driver 124 drives the laser sensor 14 to move), because when the lowest position is higher than the longest tool 100b, the laser sensor 14 will immediately sense the tool 100b as soon as it starts working, which is not necessarily the tool bit position.
The oil mist level is the position of oil mist sprayed behind the cutter head;
at the highest position, before a tool searching command is started, the laser sensor 14 waits for the position of the downward sliding, and the position needs to be on a parallel line of the shortest tool shank, because when the highest position is higher than the shortest tool shank, the laser sensor 14 cannot sense a tool bit due to the maximum stroke upper limit during working; when the shortest total length of the cutter 100b (the total length of the cutter 100b is the total length of the cutter 100b after the cutter handle is provided with the cutter) and the longest total length of the cutter 100b are determined, the length values are measured and input into a system, and at the moment, a cutter searching command is started, so that the automatic cutter searching function can be realized.
Before the numerical control machine tool 100a starts machining or before the tool is changed and ready for machining, first, the first driver 124 drives the laser sensor 14 to reach a preset highest position and then stops; then, the first driver 124 drives the laser sensor 14 to move down to the maximum stroke and stop; then, the laser sensor 14 starts to work, the laser sensor 14 emits a laser signal and receives the laser signal, meanwhile, the first driver 124 drives the laser sensor 14 to move upwards, when the laser sensor 14 receives the laser signal reflected by the tool 100b, the first driver 124 stops driving, and it is determined that the tool bit is located here.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nozzle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the nozzle 15 includes a first tube 151, a second tube 152, a return spring 154, an extension tube 155, a first fixing block 157, a second fixing block 158, and a guide rod 159. In the embodiment, the nozzle 15 may extend outward from a section of the tube, but not limited thereto, for example, the number of the nozzles 15 extending outward from the tube may be greater than or equal to two.
The first tube 151 is connected to the swing arm 134 of the second driving mechanism 13, i.e. the second driver 133 can drive the first tube 151 to rotate. A hollow pipeline is arranged in the first pipe body 151, the pipeline comprises a first pipeline section 102 and a second pipeline section 103 with different inner diameters, wherein the inner diameter of the first pipeline section 102 is smaller than that of the second pipeline section 103, and a first limiting shoulder 151a is arranged between the first pipeline section 102 and the second pipeline section 103. It should be mentioned that the inner diameter of the first pipe 151 may also be constant, that is, the inner diameters of the pipes are the same along the length direction of the first pipe 151, and can be freely selected according to actual needs.
In this embodiment, the end of the first tube 151 is further provided with a first stopper 151b, and the first stopper 151b may be an annular block disposed in the second tube segment 103, and the annular block is disposed opposite to the first stopper shoulder 151 a.
In this embodiment, the first limiting block 151b may be a hollow bolt, a thread connected to the first limiting block 151b is disposed in the second pipeline segment 103, and the first limiting block 151b is connected to the second pipeline segment 103 by a thread fit.
In this embodiment, the first stopper 151b may be a hollow bolt, and the second pipe section 103 is provided with a third pipe section 104 therein, wherein the inner diameter of the second pipe section 103 is smaller than the inner diameter of the third pipe section 104, and a second stopper shoulder 151c is provided between the second pipe section 103 and the third pipe section 104. The inner wall of the third pipeline section 104 is provided with a clamping groove 105, the rod part of the first limiting block 151b penetrates through the third pipeline section 104 and is arranged in the second pipeline section 103, the head part of the first limiting block 151b is abutted against the second limiting shoulder 151c, the clamping ring is clamped in the clamping groove 105, and the head part of the first limiting block 151b is limited between the clamping ring and the second limiting shoulder 151 c.
One end of the second tube 152 is movably disposed in the first tube 151, and the other end of the second tube 152 is disposed outside the first tube 151. One end of the second tube 152 is provided with a second stopper 152a, and the second stopper 152a is connected to the outside of the second tube 152 and is disposed along the circumference of the second tube 152. The outer diameter of the second stopper 152a is equal to the inner diameter of the second pipe segment 103, and when the second pipe 152 moves in the first pipe 151, the second stopper 152a can abut against the first stopper shoulder 151a and the first stopper 151b, respectively, that is, the maximum distance that the second pipe 152 can move is the length of the second pipe segment 103.
In this embodiment, a hollow pipe is disposed in the second pipe body 152, and the inner diameters of the pipes are the same along the length direction of the second pipe body 152.
In this embodiment, the lubricating cooling substance can enter the second tube 152 through the first pipe section 102 of the first tube 151 and be ejected from the outlet of the second tube 152. In order to prevent the lubricating and cooling substance from leaking into the second pipe section 103 or out of the second pipe section 103 from the gap between the second stopper 152a and the second pipe section 103, a sealing ring (not shown) may be disposed on the peripheral side of the second stopper 152a, so that when the second pipe body 152 moves, the sealing ring contacts with the inner wall of the second pipe section 103 to prevent the lubricating and cooling substance from leaking.
The return spring 154 is disposed in the first tube 151, and two ends of the return spring 154 respectively abut against the first stopper 151b and the second stopper 152 a. When the high-pressure lubricating and cooling material passes through the first tube 151, the second tube 152 is driven to extend outward by the pressure in the first tube 151, and the first tube 151 stops moving until the pressure in the first tube 151 is equal to the resistance of the return spring 154; when the pressure in the first tube 151 decreases, the return spring 154 can push the second tube 152 to move toward the first tube 151; when the pressure in the first tube 151 disappears, the return spring 154 can push the second tube 152 to return to the original position, so that the second stopper 152a abuts against the first stopper shoulder 151 a.
One end of the extension pipe 155 is connected to the second pipe 152, the extension pipe 155 is disposed at an angle to the second pipe 152, and preferably, the extension pipe 155 is perpendicularly connected to the second pipe 152, but not limited thereto. The end of the extension pipe 155 is provided with a nozzle 156, the nozzle 156 is provided with an end surface 201, a first inclined surface 202 and a second inclined surface 203, the end surface 201 is connected between the first inclined surface 202 and the second inclined surface 203, and the first inclined surface 202 and the second inclined surface 203 are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the extension pipe 155. In this embodiment, the first inclined surface 202 and the second inclined surface 203 are respectively provided with a nozzle 204 communicated with the extension pipe 155, and the lubricating and cooling substance can be sprayed to the cutter head and the machining area from the nozzle 204 of the extension pipe 155.
The first fixing block 157 is connected to the first tube 151, and a guide hole (not shown) is formed in the first fixing block 157, the guide hole penetrates through the first fixing block 157, and an axial direction of the guide hole is parallel to an axial direction of the first tube 151.
The second fixing block 158 is coupled to the second pipe 152, one end of the guide rod 159 is coupled to the second fixing block 158, and the other end of the guide rod 159 movably passes through the guide hole, so that the guide rod 159 can be moved in synchronization with the movement of the second pipe 152 when the second pipe 152 is moved. In this embodiment, the first fixing block 157, the second fixing block 158 and the guide rod 159 are used to prevent the second pipe 152 from rotating, so that the nozzle 156 of the extension pipe 155 is not shifted, and the tool bit and the machining area can be aligned.
As shown in fig. 1, the lubrication cooling device 20 is in communication with the nozzle 15 of the tool setting device 10 through a pipe, and the lubrication cooling device 20 is used for supplying the nozzle 15 with a lubrication cooling substance, wherein the lubrication cooling substance is, for example, water mist, oil mist, liquid nitrogen, cold air or any combination (combination) of these substances. In the present embodiment, the lubrication cooling device 20 includes a plurality of control valves 22 for controlling the output flow of the lubrication cooling material, so as to realize intelligent control of micro lubrication (MQL) or large flow lubrication of the tool bit.
As shown in fig. 1, the control device 30 is in signal connection with the first drive mechanism 12, the second drive mechanism 13, the laser sensor 14, and the lubrication cooling device 20, respectively. Before numerically-controlled machine tool 100a begins to machine or before the tool changes and prepares for machining, control device 30 starts first driver 124 until laser sensor 14 determines the position of the tool bit; then the control device 30 calculates the angle for driving the nozzle 15 to rotate or extracts the rotation angle corresponding to the length of the cutter 100b from the memory according to the length of the cutter 100 b; then the control device 30 activates the second driver 133, and the second driver 133 drives the nozzle 15 to rotate by a corresponding angle, so that the nozzle 156 is aligned with the tool bit and the machining area; the control device 30 controls the flow rate of the lubricating and cooling material outputted from the lubricating and cooling device 20 through the control valve 22, and further controls the pressure inside the first tube 151, so that the second tube 152 extends to a required length, that is, the extending length of the second tube 152 is intelligently controlled. In the present embodiment, the control device 30 uses a PLC system to realize intelligent control of the tool setting device 10 and the lubricating and cooling device 20, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the nozzle of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, the nozzle 15 'of this embodiment is substantially the same in construction as the nozzle 15 of the first embodiment, except that the number of segments of the nozzle 15' that extend outwardly beyond the tubular body is different.
Specifically, the nozzle 15' includes a first tube 151, a second tube 152, a third tube 153, a first return spring 154a, and a second return spring 154 b. In this embodiment, the nozzle 15 'may extend outwardly from two sections of pipe, but this is not limited thereto, and for example, the number of the nozzles 15' extending outwardly from the pipe may be greater than or equal to three.
The first tube 151 is connected to the swing arm 134 of the second driving mechanism 13, i.e. the second driver 133 can drive the first tube 151 to rotate. A hollow pipeline is arranged in the first pipe body 151, the pipeline comprises a first pipeline section 102 and a second pipeline section 103 with different inner diameters, wherein the inner diameter of the first pipeline section 102 is smaller than that of the second pipeline section 103, and a first limiting shoulder 151a is arranged between the first pipeline section 102 and the second pipeline section 103. It should be mentioned that the inner diameter of the first pipe 151 may also be constant, that is, the inner diameters of the pipes are the same along the length direction of the first pipe 151, and can be freely selected according to actual needs.
In this embodiment, the end of the first tube 151 is further provided with a first stopper 151b, and the first stopper 151b may be an annular block disposed in the second tube segment 103, and the annular block is disposed opposite to the first stopper shoulder 151 a.
In this embodiment, the first limiting block 151b may be a hollow bolt, a thread connected to the first limiting block 151b is disposed in the second pipeline segment 103, and the first limiting block 151b is connected to the second pipeline segment 103 by a thread fit.
In this embodiment, the first stopper 151b may be a hollow bolt, and the second pipe section 103 is provided with a third pipe section 104 therein, wherein the inner diameter of the second pipe section 103 is smaller than the inner diameter of the third pipe section 104, and a second stopper shoulder 151c is provided between the second pipe section 103 and the third pipe section 104. The inner wall of the third pipeline section 104 is provided with a clamping groove 105, the rod part of the first limiting block 151b penetrates through the third pipeline section 104 and is arranged in the second pipeline section 103, the head part of the first limiting block 151b is abutted against the second limiting shoulder 151c, the clamping ring is clamped in the clamping groove 105, and the head part of the first limiting block 151b is limited between the clamping ring and the second limiting shoulder 151 c.
One end of the second tube 152 is movably disposed in the first tube 151, and the other end of the second tube 152 is disposed outside the first tube 151. One end of the second tube 152 is provided with a second stopper 152a, and the second stopper 152a is connected to the outside of the second tube 152 and is disposed along the circumference of the second tube 152. The outer diameter of the second stopper 152a is equal to the inner diameter of the second pipe segment 103, and when the second pipe 152 moves in the first pipe 151, the second stopper 152a can abut against the first stopper shoulder 151a and the first stopper 151b, respectively, that is, the maximum distance that the second pipe 152 can move is the length of the second pipe segment 103.
In this embodiment, a hollow pipeline is disposed in the second pipe body 152, the hollow pipeline includes a fourth pipeline segment 106 and a fifth pipeline segment 107, the inner diameter of the fourth pipeline segment 106 is smaller than that of the fifth pipeline segment 107, and a third limiting shoulder 152c is disposed between the fourth pipeline segment 106 and the fifth pipeline segment 107. It should be mentioned that the inner diameter of the second pipe 152 may also be constant, that is, the inner diameters of the pipes are the same along the length direction of the second pipe 152, and can be freely selected according to actual needs.
In this embodiment, the end of the second tube 152 is further provided with a third stopper 152b, and the third stopper 152b is an annular block disposed in the fifth pipe segment 107, and the annular block is disposed opposite to the third stopper shoulder 152 c.
One end of the third tube 153 is movably disposed in the second tube 152, and the other end of the third tube 153 is disposed outside the second tube 152. One end of the third pipe 153 is provided with a fourth stopper 153a, and the fourth stopper 153a is connected to the outer side of the third pipe 153 and is disposed along the circumferential direction of the third pipe 153. The outer diameter of the fourth limiting block 153a is equal to the inner diameter of the fifth pipeline segment 107, and when the third pipe 153 moves in the second pipe 152, the fourth limiting block 153a can abut against the third limiting shoulder 152c and the third limiting block 152b, respectively, that is, the maximum distance that the third pipe 153 can move is the length of the fifth pipeline segment 107.
In this embodiment, a hollow pipe is provided in the third pipe 153, and the inner diameters of the pipes are the same along the length direction of the third pipe 153.
In this embodiment, the lubricating cooling material can enter the second tube 152 through the first tube section 102 of the first tube 151, then enter the third tube 153 through the fourth tube section 106 of the second tube 152, and be ejected from the outlet of the third tube 153. In order to prevent the lubricating and cooling substance from leaking into or out of the fifth pipe segment 107 from the gap between the fourth stopper 153a and the fifth pipe segment 107, a sealing ring (not shown) may be disposed on the peripheral side of the fourth stopper 153a, so that when the third pipe 153 moves, the sealing ring contacts with the inner wall of the fifth pipe segment 107, thereby preventing the lubricating and cooling substance from leaking.
The first return spring 154a is disposed in the first tube 151, and two ends of the first return spring 154a respectively abut against the first stopper 151b and the second stopper 152 a. When the high-pressure lubricating and cooling material passes through the first tube 151, the second tube 152 is driven to extend outward by the pressure in the first tube 151, and the first tube 151 stops moving until the pressure in the first tube 151 is equal to the resistance of the first return spring 154 a; when the pressure in the first tube 151 decreases, the first return spring 154a can push the second tube 152 to move toward the first tube 151; when the pressure in the first tube 151 disappears, the first return spring 154a can push the second tube 152 to return to the original position, so that the second stopper 152a abuts against the first stopper shoulder 151 a.
The second return spring 154b is disposed in the second tube 152, and two ends of the second return spring 154b respectively abut against the third limiting block 152b and the fourth limiting block 153 a. When the high-pressure lubricating and cooling material passes through the second pipe 152, the third pipe 153 is driven to extend outward by the pressure in the second pipe 152, and the third pipe 153 stops moving until the pressure in the second pipe 152 is equal to the resistance of the second return spring 154 b; when the pressure in the second tube 152 decreases, the second return spring 154b can push the third tube 153 to move toward the second tube 152; when the pressure in the second tube 152 is removed, the second return spring 154b can push the third tube 153 to return to the original position, so that the fourth stopper 153a abuts against the third stopper shoulder 152 c.
Fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a method of lubricating and cooling the interior-coolless machine tool according to the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the method for lubricating and cooling a machine tool without internal cooling according to the present invention utilizes the automatic tool setting system 100, and the method for lubricating and cooling a machine tool without internal cooling includes the steps of:
step S1, providing a tool setting device 10, wherein the tool setting device 10 comprises a first driving mechanism 12, a second driving mechanism 13, a laser sensor 14 and a spray pipe 15;
step S2, driving the laser sensor 14 to reciprocate along the length direction of the tool 100b by the first driving mechanism 12, wherein the laser sensor 14 is used for sensing the position of the tool bit of the tool 100 b; and
in step S3, the second driving mechanism 13 is used to drive the nozzle 15, 15' to rotate and align the cutter head according to the sensed position of the cutter head.
Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a lubricating and cooling method of a machine tool without internal cooling according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, in the present embodiment, the method for lubricating and cooling a non-internal-cooling machine tool according to the present invention includes the following specific steps:
in step M1, before the numerically controlled machine tool 100a starts machining or before the numerically controlled machine tool 100a is ready to machine, the control device 30 starts the first driver 124, and the first driver 124 drives the laser sensor 14 to reach the highest position and stops.
At step M2, the first driver 124 drives the laser sensor 14 to move down to the maximum stroke and stop.
At step M3, the control device 30 activates the laser sensor 14, the laser sensor 14 emits a laser signal and receives a laser signal, and the first driver 124 drives the laser sensor 14 to move upward, and when the laser sensor 14 receives the laser signal reflected by the tool 100b, the first driver 124 stops driving, and determines that the tool bit is located here.
In step M4, the control device 30 calculates the angle of rotation of the nozzle 15, 15' according to the length of the cutter 100 b.
At step M5, control device 30 activates second actuator 133, and second actuator 133 rotates nozzle 15, 15 'by a corresponding angle to align nozzle 156 of nozzle 15, 15' with the tool tip and the machining region.
In step M6, the control device 30 controls the flow rate of the lubricating and cooling material outputted from the lubricating and cooling device 20 to the nozzles 15 and 15' through the control valve 22, and further controls the pressure inside the first tube 151 (the first tube 151 and the second tube 152) to extend the second tube 152 (the second tube 152 and the third tube 153) by a required length.
Fig. 10 is a schematic flow chart of a lubricating and cooling method of a machine tool without internal cooling according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 10, in this embodiment, the method for lubricating and cooling a non-internal-cooling machine tool according to the present invention includes the specific steps of:
step N1, before numerically controlled machine tool 100a starts machining or before tool change is ready for machining, control device 30 starts first driver 124, and first driver 124 stops laser sensor 14 after driving it to the highest position.
At step N2, the first driver 124 drives the laser sensor 14 down to the maximum stroke and stops.
In step N3, the control device 30 activates the laser sensor 14, the laser sensor 14 emits a laser signal and receives a laser signal, and the first driver 124 drives the laser sensor 14 to move upward, and when the laser sensor 14 receives the laser signal reflected by the tool 100b, the first driver 124 stops driving, and determines that the tool bit is located here.
In step N4, control device 30 retrieves the rotation angle corresponding to the length of tool 100b from the memory, based on the length of tool 100 b.
At step N5, control device 30 activates second actuator 133, and second actuator 133 rotates lance 15, 15 'by a corresponding angle to align spray tip 156 of lance 15, 15' with the cutting head and the machining region.
In step N6, the control device 30 controls the flow rate of the lubricant cooling device 20 to output the lubricant cooling material to the nozzles 15 and 15' through the control valve 22, and further controls the pressure inside the first tube 151 (the first tube 151 and the second tube 152) to extend the second tube 152 (the second tube 152 and the third tube 153) by a required length.
In this embodiment, the method for lubricating and cooling a non-internal-cooling machine tool of the present invention can accurately determine the position of the tool bit of the tool 100b before the numerical control machine tool 100a starts to process or before the tool changing is ready to process, and align the nozzles 15 and 15 ' to the tool bit and the processing area, thereby omitting the process of manually adjusting the nozzles 15 and 15 ', improving the accuracy of alignment of the nozzles 15 and 15 ' to the processing area, and improving the processing efficiency. In addition, the spray pipes 15 and 15 'can extend outwards for a required length, so that the distance between the spray pipes 15 and 15' and the cutter head and the machining area is shortened, the lubricating and cooling effects are improved, and the machining quality is further improved.
According to the lubricating and cooling method of the machine tool without the internal cooling, the first driving mechanism 12 is used for driving the laser sensor 14 to reciprocate along the length direction of the cutter 100b, the laser sensor 14 is used for sensing the position of the cutter head of the cutter 100b, and the second driving mechanism 13 is used for driving the spray pipes 15 and 15' to rotate and align the cutter head according to the sensed position of the cutter head. The lubricating and cooling method of the machine tool without inner cooling can accurately judge the position of the tool bit of the cutter 100b when the machine tool processes a workpiece, and aims the spray pipes 15 and 15 ' at the tool bit and a processing area, thereby omitting the process of manually adjusting the spray pipes 15 and 15 ', improving the accuracy of the alignment of the spray pipes 15 and 15 ' with the processing area and improving the processing efficiency.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention. The various features described in the foregoing detailed description may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
Claims (9)
1. A lubrication cooling method of a non-internal cooling machine tool is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing a tool setting device, wherein the tool setting device comprises a first driving mechanism, a second driving mechanism, a laser sensor and a spray pipe;
the first driving mechanism is used for driving the laser sensor to reciprocate along the length direction of the cutter, and the laser sensor is used for sensing the position of a cutter head of the cutter; the first driving mechanism drives the laser sensor to move downwards to the maximum stroke and stop, the laser sensor is started, the laser sensor emits laser signals and receives the laser signals, meanwhile, the first driving mechanism drives the laser sensor to move upwards, when the laser sensor receives the laser signals reflected by the cutter, the first driving mechanism stops driving, and the cutter head is determined; and
the second driving mechanism is used for driving the spray pipe to rotate to align the cutter head according to the sensed position of the cutter head; the lubricating and cooling method of the internal cooling-free machine tool further comprises the following steps:
providing a control device, and starting the first driving mechanism and the laser sensor by using the control device;
the control device calculates the angle for driving the spray pipe to rotate according to the length of the cutter; and
and the control device is utilized to start the second driving mechanism, and the second driving mechanism drives the spray pipe to rotate by a corresponding angle, so that the spray head of the spray pipe is aligned with the cutter head and the processing area.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first driving mechanism comprises a stationary table, a first driver, a transmission member, a slider, and a movable rod, the first driver is connected to the stationary table, a driving shaft of the first driver is connected to the transmission member, the slider is connected to the transmission member, the movable rod is disposed along a length direction of the tool, the movable rod is connected to the slider, and the laser sensor is connected to the movable rod.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the second driving mechanism comprises a fixed plate, a second actuator and a swing arm, the second actuator and the fixed plate are connected to the fixed plate, the swing arm is connected to a driving shaft of the second actuator, and the nozzle is connected to the swing arm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the nozzle comprises a first tube, a second tube and a return spring, the first tube is connected to the second driving mechanism, one end of the second tube is movably disposed in the first tube, one end of the first tube is provided with a first stopper, one end of the second tube is provided with a second stopper, the return spring is disposed in the first tube, and two ends of the return spring respectively abut against the first stopper and the second stopper.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the nozzle further comprises an extension tube, a first fixed block, a second fixed block, and a guide rod, one end of the extension tube is connected to the second tube, the extension tube and the second tube are disposed at an angle, the first fixed block is connected to the first tube, the first fixed block is provided with a guide hole, the second fixed block is connected to the second tube, one end of the guide rod is connected to the second fixed block, and the other end of the guide rod movably passes through the guide hole.
6. The method for lubricating and cooling a coolless machine tool according to claim 4, wherein the method for lubricating and cooling a coolless machine tool further comprises the steps of: providing a control device, and starting the first driving mechanism and the laser sensor by using the control device; the control device calls out the rotation angle corresponding to the length of the cutter from the memory according to the length of the cutter; and
and the control device is utilized to start the second driving mechanism, and the second driving mechanism drives the spray pipe to rotate by a corresponding angle, so that the spray head of the spray pipe is aligned with the cutter head and the processing area.
7. The method for lubricating and cooling a coolless machine tool according to claim 6, wherein the method for lubricating and cooling a coolless machine tool further comprises:
and providing a lubricating and cooling device, and providing a lubricating and cooling substance for the spray pipe by using the lubricating and cooling device.
8. The method for lubricating and cooling a coolless machine tool according to claim 7, wherein the method for lubricating and cooling a coolless machine tool further comprises the steps of:
the control device is used for controlling the flow of the lubricating and cooling material output by the lubricating and cooling device to the spray pipe, so that the pressure in the first pipe body is controlled, and the second pipe body extends out by a required length.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the nozzle comprises a first tube, a second tube, a third tube, a first return spring, and a second return spring, the first tube is connected with the second driving mechanism, one end of the second tube is movably arranged in the first tube, one end of the third tube body is movably arranged in the second tube body, one end of the first tube body is provided with a first limiting block, one end of the second pipe body is provided with a second limiting block, the other end of the second pipe body is provided with a third limiting block, one end of the third tube body is provided with a fourth limiting block, the first return spring is arranged in the first tube body, and two ends of the first return spring are respectively abutted against the first limiting block and the second limiting block, the second return spring is arranged in the second pipe body, and two ends of the second return spring are respectively abutted against the third limiting block and the fourth limiting block.
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| CN109015102A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-18 | 内蒙古第机械集团股份有限公司 | A kind of cooling device of rotary cutter |
| CN111113141A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-08 | 舒能数控机床有限公司 | Numerical control machine tool program control cutter automatic cooling system |
| CN110421405B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-02-26 | 珠海格力智能装备有限公司 | Oil injection method and device for machine tool component and oil injection system for machine tool component |
| CN112621367A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-09 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Low-temperature cooling processing method of vermicular graphite cast iron |
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