JP5401223B2 - Deep hole machining method and deep hole machining apparatus - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a deep hole processing method and deep-hole drilling apparatus for deep hole machining the workpiece.

Conventionally, a mold for synthetic resin molding or the like has a passage for passing a temperature adjusting fluid inside the mold in order to maintain the mold temperature according to the molding process (temperature control fluid flow path). Is formed. In particular, in a mold used for molding a large-sized injection molded product such as an automobile part, the temperature control fluid flow path is also formed long to a deep part of the mold.
In order to machine such a deep and long hole (deep hole), an apparatus in which a gun drill tool for deep hole machining is mounted on the spindle of a machine tool is used. In this apparatus, a workpiece to be a mold is fixed to a table, a gun drill tool is moved to a machining position of the workpiece, a spindle and a gun drill tool are rotated and sent out to the workpiece to drill a deep hole.
At this time, in the gun drill tool, the workpiece is cut by the cutting blade formed at the tip, and high-pressure cutting oil is supplied to the tip of the gun drill tool through the cutting oil passage extending from the inside of the spindle to the tip of the gun drill tool. The tip of the gun drill is cooled and lubricated, and the chips of the cut workpiece are discharged out of the workpiece by the flow of cutting oil (Patent Document 1).

Gun drill tools used for deep hole machining include a screwdriver attached to the spindle of a machine tool, a long pipe-shaped shank with a rear end fixed to the screwdriver, and an ultra-brazed joint that is brazed to the tip of the shank. A structure having a chip made of hard alloy is widely used (Patent Document 2).
The tip of the tip is formed in a chevron shape with the apex point disposed at a position displaced from the tool axis as the forefront, and an outer cutting edge is formed on the outer peripheral side, and an inner cutting edge is formed on the center side.
The inside of the shank is a cutting oil flow path, the rear end side is supplied with high-pressure cutting oil from the machine tool through the inside of the driver, and the tip end side is from an opening formed in the tip end surface of the tip of the gun drill tool. High-pressure cutting oil is supplied to the tip portion of the deep hole which is opened to the outside and cutting is proceeding at the tip tip.
A V-groove in the drilling direction is formed on the outer periphery of the shank. This V-groove reaches the tip end through a similar V-groove on the outer periphery of the tip, and the cutting oil supplied to the tip of the deep hole is at the tip end. While entraining the generated cutting waste, the V-groove flows toward the driver side and is discharged out of the deep hole.

JP 2008-213064 A JP-A-9-141510

By the way, the high-pressure cutting oil supplied to the gun drill tool is sprayed from the tip of the tip through the inside of the gun drill, but the tip of the deep hole being processed is in a closed state, so the hand going here is blocked and the periphery of the tip is filled. Then, it is discharged to the outside through the V groove.
Here, if the tip of the deep hole penetrates to the opposite side of the workpiece, or penetrates into another intersecting deep hole, the deep hole tip that was in the closed state is opened, and the cutting oil injected from the tip tip It leaks into the other deep hole on the opposite side of the workpiece or intersects, and the flow returning to the V groove is lost.
If leakage of the cutting oil during such penetration occurs, lubrication or cooling of the chip cutting edge becomes insufficient, and there is a possibility of inducing wear and damage of the chip cutting edge.

An object of the present invention is to provide a deep hole processing method and deep-hole drilling apparatus that can avoid abrasion and damage of the cutting edge during penetration of deep-hole drilling.

The deep hole machining method of the present invention includes a driver, a long pipe-shaped shank having a rear end fixed to the driver, a tip fixed to the tip of the shank and having a cutting edge formed on the outer periphery, and the shank. A cutting oil supply path formed in the chip, a main outlet formed in the tip surface of the chip and communicated with the supply path, and formed on the peripheral surface of the shank or the peripheral surface of the chip and the supply A gun drill tool having a secondary outlet communicated with a road, a spindle on which the gun drill tool is mounted via the driver, a cutting oil pump for supplying cutting oil to the gun drill tool, and the cutting oil pump A deep hole machining device having a switching valve for switching the cutting oil from either the main outlet or the sub outlet, and in the state where the deep hole being machined with the gun drill tool is not penetrated, It sets the serial switching valve to the main outlet, in the state where the deep hole is penetrated during machining by the gun drill tool, and switches said switching valve to said auxiliary outlet.
Further, the deep hole machining apparatus of the present invention is the deep hole machining apparatus used in the above-described deep hole machining method, and is being machined by the spindle, the cutting oil pump, the switching valve, and the gun drill tool. When the deep hole is not penetrated, the switching valve is set to the main outlet side, and when the deep hole being machined by the gun drill tool penetrates, the switching control is performed to switch the switching valve to the sub outlet side. Means.

In the present invention, when the gun drill tool is being machined and the deep hole is not penetrated, the cutting oil supplied to the closed end of the deep hole is cut by supplying the cutting oil from the main outlet. Return to the shank through the part. As a result, the cutting blade is cooled and lubricated, and the cutting waste is discharged, as in the case of using an existing gun drill tool.
Here, when the tip of the gun drill tool penetrates to the opposite side of the workpiece or to the hollow part, the cutting oil from the main outlet is discharged from the penetrating part to the outside of the workpiece, and the flow of the cutting oil through the cutting blade is interrupted, Insufficient cooling and lubrication of the blade.
However, in the state where the deep hole has penetrated, the cutting oil is switched from the secondary outlet to the cutting outlet, so that the cutting oil flows from the secondary outlet to the tip of the deep hole and is discharged to the outside.

In this way, when the deep hole is not penetrated, the cutting oil from the main outlet returns to the shank side through the cutting edge, and when the deep hole is penetrated, the cutting oil from the secondary outlet is released through the cutting edge. It flows to the tip of the hole. In other words, in any state, sufficient cutting oil is supplied to the cutting blade, so that it is possible to avoid wear and damage of the cutting blade even during deep hole drilling.
In addition, as means for supplying the cutting oil to the main outlet and the sub outlet while switching, two dedicated cutting oil pumps and supply paths may be provided for each, and the cutting oil from one cutting oil pump may be provided. It may be switched by a switching valve and supplied to each.

  Whether the deep hole is unpenetrated or penetrated is determined based on the design information (thickness in the direction of the deep hole from the machining side surface to the opposite side surface of the workpiece) given to the machining equipment and various types of gun drill tools to be used. Based on the original (length to the tip of the gun drill tool), it can be performed by determining the feed amount of the gun drill tool in the machining direction of the deep hole leading to the penetrating state. For example, when a deep hole is machined into a 900 mm thick workpiece with a 700 mm gun drill tool, it can be determined that the tip of the gun drill penetrates the opposite surface of the workpiece when 900-700 = 200 mm.

  In controlling the switching valve, in addition to the method for determining the penetration of the tip of the gun drill tool from the above-described machining program, a method for monitoring the supply pressure of the cutting oil to the main outlet can be used. That is, when the deep hole is not penetrated, the tip of the deep hole is in a closed state, and the cutting oil supplied to the tip is in a high pressure state. However, if the deep hole penetrates to the opposite side or hollow part of the workpiece, the cutting oil leaks out of the deep hole from the penetrating part, and the pressure of the cutting oil at the tip part of the deep hole rapidly decreases. To do. Therefore, the presence or absence of penetration of the deep hole can be determined using the pressure change of the cutting oil. When utilizing such pressure fluctuation, in addition to control using a sensor, a mechanical valve device that is opened and closed by a pilot valve can be used.

In the gun drill tool described above, it is preferable that the sub-exit is formed on a side surface of the tip end portion of the shank.
In such a configuration , the secondary outlet can be placed on the opposite side of the cutting edge with the gun drill tip and at the nearest position of the cutting edge. The flow of the cutting oil that passes through the blade and reaches the tip of the deep hole can be formed smoothly.

In the gun drill tool described above , the supply path is connected to a main supply path that communicates with the main outlet and communicates with a main inlet formed in the driver, and a sub-inlet that communicates with the sub outlet and formed in the driver. It is desirable to be in communication with the auxiliary supply path.
In such a configuration , by providing two supply paths corresponding to the main outlet and the sub outlet on the gun drill tool side, the switching valve and its control system may be equipped on the processing apparatus side on which the gun drill tool is mounted, The configuration of the gun drill tool can be simplified, and the switching valve and its control system can be shared by a plurality of gun drill tools.

In the above-described gun drill tool, the shank has a pipe inserted through the shank, and a space inside the shank and outside the pipe serves as the main supply path. It can be set as the said auxiliary supply path.
In such a configuration , the main supply passage and the sub supply passage can be formed with a simple configuration in which a pipe is passed through the shank.

In the gun drill tool described above , the shank has a partition wall that partitions the inside of the shank in the longitudinal direction, one of the partitions divided by the partition wall is the main supply path, and the other is the sub supply path. It is good also as a structure.
In such a configuration , the main supply path and the sub supply path can be formed with a simple configuration in which the inside of the shank is partitioned by the partition walls.

In both the partition wall system and the pipe system, the main outlet and the sub outlet may be formed so as to communicate with the main supply path and the sub supply path, respectively. On the other hand, the main inlet and the sub-inlet need to reliably receive the pressurized cutting oil from the main spindle side, and it is necessary to ensure the desired sealing performance when connecting to the main spindle side, and from the cutting oil pump It is required that the path be configured to allow rotational driving.
As such a connecting portion, an annular groove is formed in two rows on the outer peripheral surface of the driver portion of the gun drill tool, and a main inlet and a sub inlet are respectively opened in the annular groove, and a bearing for a main shaft to which a driver is connected is provided. A configuration in which the main supply passage and the sub supply passage continuing from the switching valve communicate with each other at positions corresponding to the respective grooves can be adopted for the portion. Instead of the two annular grooves, a single annular groove and a connection port that opens to the center axis position of the driver end face similar to an existing gun drill tool may be used.

The front view which shows 1st Embodiment of the deep hole processing apparatus of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the workpiece | work of the said 1st Embodiment. The front view which shows the gun drill tool of the said 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the shank part of the said 1st Embodiment. The end view which shows the chip | tip front end surface of the said 1st Embodiment. The block diagram which shows the control means of the said 1st Embodiment. The schematic diagram which shows the deep hole processing program of the said 1st Embodiment. The flowchart which shows the deep hole processing procedure of the said 1st Embodiment. The front view which shows the gun drill tool of the said 2nd Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the shank part of the said 2nd Embodiment. The end view which shows the chip | tip front end surface of the said 2nd Embodiment. The front view which shows the said 3rd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
1 to 8 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, a deep hole machining apparatus 9 forms the temperature control fluid flow path 1 in the workpiece W shown in FIG. 2 by performing deep hole machining using a gun drill tool based on the present invention.

In FIG. 2, a workpiece W is a mold having a cavity (not shown) formed on the surface, and a temperature-controlled fluid flow path 1 for circulating a temperature-adjusted fluid (temperature-controlled fluid) is formed inside.
The temperature control fluid channel 1 is formed by a plurality of deep holes 2A and 2B that are formed in the workpiece W and intersect vertically and horizontally. The vertical deep hole 2A is drilled from the lower surface side of the workpiece W in the drawing, and the tip does not reach the opposite side of the workpiece W, that is, the surface on the upper surface side in the drawing. The deep holes 2B in the lateral direction communicate with each other at the intersections with the deep holes 2A, and the deep hole 2B on the upper side in the figure is drilled from the right side surface in the drawing to the left side surface in the drawing, that is, the hole. It penetrates from side to side.
A female screw 3 is machined at the necessary end portions of the deep holes 2A and 2B, and a plug member 4 is screwed into the female screw 3. Thereby, the temperature control fluid channel 1 for circulating the temperature control fluid is formed inside the mold.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the deep hole machining apparatus 9 includes a bed 11, a table 12 provided on the upper surface of the bed 11 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction (X-axis direction), and a work W placed thereon, and the bed 11. A saddle 13 movably provided in the left-right direction (Z-axis direction) on the other side of the upper surface, a column 14 erected on the upper surface of the saddle 13, and a vertical direction (Y-axis direction) along the column 14 A spindle head 15 that can be moved up and down, a spindle 17 that can be rotated by the spindle head 15 and rotated by a spindle motor 16, and a gun drill tool 20 that is mounted on the spindle 17 and performs deep hole machining on a workpiece W. And an automatic tool changer 21.

The main shaft 17 is formed with two cutting oil passages 17A and 17B penetrating from the base end to the tip end along the internal axis direction. A cutting oil pump 24 that sends high-pressure cutting oil through pipes 23A and 23B and a switching valve 25 is connected to the cutting oil passages 17A and 17B. The cutting oil pumped from the cutting oil pump 24 is supplied to either the pipe 23A and the cutting oil flow path 17A selected by the switching valve 25 or the pipe 23B and the cutting oil flow path 17B.
The automatic tool changer 21 stocks a plurality of gun drill tools 20 and taps (not shown), and changes any of the gun drill tools 20 or taps selected from the gun drill tools 20 or taps to the spindle 17.

  The gun drill tool 20 is a deep hole dedicated drill having a length longer than that of a normal drill, for example, a length of about 500 mm to 1000 mm. As will be described later, according to the present invention, two types of cutting oil flow paths are used. 20A and 20B are provided.

In FIG. 3, the gun drill tool 20 includes a driver 50 connected to the main shaft 17, a long shank 60 supported by the driver 50, and a tip 70 fixed to the tip of the shank 60.
The driver 50 has a metal main body 51 formed in a columnar shape, and an engagement structure 52 corresponding to the chuck mechanism of the main shaft 17 is formed on the outer periphery of the main body 51 and is fixed to the main shaft 17. Can receive the rotational driving force from the main shaft 17 without fail.

As shown in FIG. 4, the shank 60 has a metal pipe-like main body 61, and a V-shaped groove 62 is formed on the side surface from the middle portion to the tip (chip 70 side). The proximal end of the shank 60 is fitted to the driver 50, and the tip 70 is fixed to the distal end of the shank 60.
As shown also in FIG. 5, the chip 70 has a cylindrical main body 71, a V-shaped groove 72 is formed on the side surface, and the edge on the tip side of the V-shaped groove 72 is precisely polished. A cutting edge 73 is formed.
The gun drill tool 20 is formed with two systems of cutting oil passages 20A and 20B corresponding to the main supply passage and the sub supply passage of the present invention in order to supply cutting oil.

A conical tip surface 74 is formed at the tip of the tip 70, and a main outlet 75 is formed on the tip surface 74. The main outlet 75 communicates with the inside of the shank 60 through a passage 76. A main inlet 55 is formed at the end face of the driver 50, and the main inlet 55 communicates with the inside of the shank 60 through a passage 56 formed along the central axis of the main body 51.
A cutting oil flow path 20A, which is the main supply path of the present invention, is constituted by a series of paths from the main inlet 55 to the passage 56, the inside of the shank 60, the passage 76, and the main outlet 75.

In the shank 60, a sub-exit 63 is opened at a position in the V-shaped groove 62 and closest to the cutting edge 73. In the driver 50, an annular groove 54 is formed on the outer periphery of the main body 51, and a sub inlet 53 is opened in the groove 54. A pipe 64 is inserted into the inside of the shank 60 or the passage 56, one end of the pipe 64 is connected to the sub-outlet 63, and the other end is connected to the sub-inlet 53.
A cutting oil flow path 20 </ b> B that is a sub supply path of the present invention is constituted by a series of paths from the sub inlet 53 to the sub outlet 63 through the pipe 64.

The end of the pipe 64 reaching the sub outlet 63 is gently inclined from the inside of the shank 60 toward the surface of the V-shaped groove 62, and discharged from the pipe 64 through the sub outlet 63 into the V-shaped groove 62. The cutting oil mainly forms a flow in a direction reaching the cutting edge 73 through the V-shaped groove 72.
Further, the auxiliary outlet 63 may be formed not only on the peripheral surface of the shank 60 but also on the peripheral surface of the chip 70.

When the gun drill tool 20 is attached to the main shaft 17, the cutting oil passage 17 </ b> A of the main shaft 17 is connected to the main inlet 55.
When the gun drill tool 20 is mounted on the main shaft 17, the above-described cutting oil passage 17 </ b> B of the main shaft 17 is connected to the concave groove 54 in which the auxiliary inlet 53 opens.
In the gun drill tool 20, the two cutting oil passages 20A and 20B as described above are formed, so that depending on whether the gun drill tool 20 penetrates through the deep hole being processed, that is, whether it is not penetrated or penetrated. Cutting oil can be supplied.
These switching operations are performed by the switching valve 25 described above.

If the switching valve 25 is switched and the distribution system of the cutting oil pumped from the cutting oil pump 24 is set to the cutting oil passages 23A and 17A, the cutting oil passes from the main inlet 55 to the main outlet 75 via the cutting oil passage 20A. Supplied with.
If the deep hole is not penetrated, the cutting oil supplied from the main outlet 75 returns to the driver 50 side through the V-shaped grooves 72 and 62, and the tip, cooling, lubrication and cutting of the gun drill tool 20 similar to the conventional one is performed. Waste is discharged.
When the deep hole is in the penetrating state, the cutting oil supplied from the main outlet 75 is discharged as it is from the penetrating portion.

If the switching valve 25 is switched and the distribution system of the cutting oil pumped from the cutting oil pump 24 is set to the cutting oil passages 23B and 17B, the cutting oil passes from the auxiliary inlet 53 to the auxiliary outlet 63 via the cutting oil passage 20B. Supplied with.
If the deep hole is not penetrated, the cutting oil supplied from the sub-outlet 63 does not advance toward the V-shaped groove 72 but returns exclusively to the driver 50 side via the V-shaped groove 62. Therefore, it is unsuitable for cooling the tip of the gun drill tool 20, lubrication, and discharging cutting waste.
When the deep hole is in the penetrating state, the cutting oil supplied from the auxiliary outlet 63 forms a flow discharged from the penetrating portion through the V-shaped groove 72, and the tip of the gun drill tool 20 including the cutting edge 73 is cooled on the way. Lubrication can be performed.

In this manner, by switching the two cutting oil passages 20A and 20B (whether the main outlet 75 or the sub outlet 63) by the switching valve 25, the tip of the gun drill tool 20 is changed according to the penetration state of the deep hole being processed. Supply of cutting oil suitable for cooling and lubrication can be ensured.
Such switching of the switching valve 25 is controlled by an NC device 31 (also serving as switching control means of the present invention) described later.

The deep hole machining apparatus 9 has a tool length measuring device 22 for measuring the length of the gun drill tool 20.
The tool length measuring device 22 is used to measure the tip position of the gun drill tool 20 to which the main shaft 17 is attached. If the tip position of the gun drill tool 20 is known, the tip position of the gun drill tool 20, that is, the tip depth of the deep hole being processed can be determined from the position of the main shaft 17.
Specifically, the tool length measuring device 22 includes a detection unit 22A with which the tip of the gun drill tool 20 comes into contact, and generates a contact signal when the tip of the gun drill tool 20 comes into contact with the detection unit 22A. In response to this, the NC device 31 to be described later obtains a Z-axis coordinate value of the saddle 13 or the spindle 17, and the length (measurement length) of the gun drill tool 20 relative to the reference position of the spindle 17 based on the Z-axis coordinate value. Can be calculated.

The deep hole machining device 9 has an NC device 31 as a control means.
In FIG. 6, the NC device 31 is connected to a drive mechanism or the like for operating the components of the deep hole machining device 9, and these are linked to operate under the control of the NC device 31, thereby deep hole machining device. Let 9 execute the desired machining.
Specifically, the NC device 31 includes an X-axis drive mechanism 32 that moves the table 12 in the X-axis direction, a Y-axis drive mechanism 33 that moves the spindle head 15 in the Y-axis direction, and a saddle 13 that moves in the Z-axis direction. In addition to the Z-axis drive mechanism 34, the drive circuit 35 for driving the spindle motor 16, the automatic tool changer 21, the tool length measuring device 22 as the tool length measuring means, and the cutting oil pump 24, the input device 41 and the output means A display 42, a printer 43, a program memory 44, a work memory 45, and the like are connected.

Here, an X-axis drive mechanism 32 that moves the table 12 in the X-axis direction, a Y-axis drive mechanism 33 that moves the spindle head 15 in the Y-axis direction, and a Z-axis drive mechanism 34 that moves the saddle 13 in the Z-axis direction. Thus, a relative moving means for relatively moving the table 12 and the main shaft 17 in the three-dimensional direction is configured. The X-axis drive mechanism 32, the Y-axis drive mechanism 33, and the Z-axis drive mechanism 34 are constituted by a feed screw mechanism, but may be a linear motor mechanism or the like.
The program memory 44 stores various machining programs for machining the temperature control fluid flow path 1 in the workpiece W shown in FIG. A machining program for executing deep hole machining is specified using a G code frequently used in existing NC apparatuses.
The work memory 45 is provided with a work area used when the machining program is executed.

The NC device 31 controls the spindle 17 (spindle motor 16), relative movement means (X-axis drive mechanism 32, Y-axis drive mechanism 33, Z-axis drive mechanism 34), etc., based on the sequentially designated processing program. Deep hole machining is performed on the workpiece W.
At this time, the NC device 31 sets the processing state of the gun drill tool 20 to the normal mode and supplies the cutting oil to the cutting oil flow path 20A and the cutting oil flow when the deep hole being processed by the gun drill tool 20 is not penetrated. From main exit 75. On the other hand, when the deep hole being machined by the gun drill tool 20 penetrates, the machining state of the gun drill tool 20 is switched to a protection mode in which the machining load of the gun drill tool 20 is lighter than the normal mode, and the cutting oil supply is changed to the cutting oil flow. Control to switch from the path 20B and the sub-exit 63 is performed.

FIG. 7 shows details of deep hole machining according to the present invention.
In FIG. 7, a plurality of vertical deep holes 2 </ b> A are processed in the workpiece W, and a horizontal deep hole 2 </ b> B that crosses these and penetrates to the opposite side is processed.
The deep hole machining program for machining the deep hole 2B is described as a G code command having the following format, for example.
G555 X_Y_Z_R_A_B_C_Q_F_ [V1 = _, V2 = _, V3 = _, V4 = _, ...]
Each parameter in the G555 command is as follows.
X: X coordinate value of the deep hole center axis Y: Y coordinate value of the deep hole center axis Z: Final Z coordinate value of the deep hole R: Rapid feed approach point A: Approach point (put the gun drill tool into the guide hole with rotation stopped) depth)
B: Z coordinate value of the opposite surface of the workpiece C: Clearance amount (designation of the range for switching to protection mode)
Q: Distance from the tip of the gun drill tool to the shoulder F: Feed rate V1, V3, ... Z coordinate value of the center axis of the intersecting hole V2, V4, ... Z coordinate value of the diameter of the intersecting hole

The normal mode and the protection mode in such deep hole machining are set as follows, for example.
Normal mode: The switching valve 25 is switched to the cutting oil flow path 20A side.
A normal rotation speed S and feed speed F are designated.
Protection mode: The switching valve 25 is switched to the cutting oil flow path 20B side.
Feed speed F is suppressed to 50% of the standard mode feed speed.
The rotation speed S is suppressed to 80% of the rotation speed in the standard mode.
The switching between the normal mode and the protection mode is executed in accordance with the result of determining the penetration state of the gun drill tool based on the parameters specified in the G555 command described above.
The penetrating state of the gun drill tool includes a case where it passes through the intersecting hole (deep hole 2A) and a case where it passes through to the opposite side of the workpiece W.

The mode is switched as described below when the holes have passed through the intersecting holes.
In FIG. 7, if the processing of the deep hole 2B of the workpiece W by the gun drill tool 20 is performed from the right side in the figure, the gun drill tool 20 moves forward while processing the deep hole 2B in the normal mode, and first the depth at the Z coordinate V1 is reached. Crosses hole 2A. In the deep hole 2A, the central axis is the Z coordinate V1 and the diameter V2 from the parameters of the G555 command described above.
From this, the tip of the gun drill tool 20 enters the deep hole 2A at the Z coordinate (V1-V2 / 2), and the deep hole 2B being processed is in a penetrating state with respect to the deep hole 2A. When the gun drill tool 20 further advances, the tip thereof reaches the inner wall on the opposite side of the deep hole 2A at the Z coordinate (V1 + V2 / 2), and the workpiece W is cut again from here. Accordingly, the deep hole 2B being processed is in a penetrating state and the tip of the gun drill tool 20 is exposed in the deep hole 2A from the Z coordinate (V1-V2 / 2) to the Z coordinate (V1 + V2 / 2). The section (the section width is the diameter V2 of the deep hole 2A).

In the G555 command described above, a clearance amount C that designates a range in which switching to the protection mode is executed is set.
In the present embodiment, an area (from the Z coordinate (V1−V2 / 2 / C) to the Z coordinate (V1 + V2 / 2 + C)) expanded by the clearance amount C before and after the section of the deep hole 2A described above. A penetration region is set, and when the tip of the gun drill tool 20 is in the penetration region, the mode is switched to the protection mode, and when it goes out of the penetration region, the normal mode is restored.
The above is the application of the protection mode to the deep hole 2A at the Z coordinate V1, but the central axis position also differs for the other deep holes 2A (Z coordinates V3, V5, V7 positions) formed in the workpiece W. A similar process is performed.

When switching to the opposite side, mode switching is performed as follows.
In FIG. 7, it is assumed that the processing of the deep hole 2 </ b> B of the workpiece W has progressed with the gun drill tool 20, and the tip has approached the opposite side surface of the workpiece W.
In the aforementioned G555 command, the Z coordinate value B and the final Z coordinate value Z of the opposite surface of the workpiece W are set together with the clearance amount C described above.
In the present embodiment, a region expanded by a clearance amount C before the opposite surface of the workpiece W is set as a through region, and the protection mode is switched when the tip of the gun drill tool 20 reaches this through region.
The machining of the gun drill tool 20 in the protection mode is continued until the tip of the gun drill tool 20 reaches the final Z coordinate value Z. When the gun drill tool 20 reaches the final Z coordinate value Z, the machining is finished and the gun drill tool is finished. The process which extracts 20 from the deep hole 2B is performed.

  The parameter processing procedure for the G555 command described above is stored in the program memory 44 described above, and is appropriately read out and executed by the NC device 31 in the same manner as the existing machining operation program.

The NC device 31 analyzes the machining program specified by the G555 command described above, the relative movement mechanism (the X-axis drive mechanism 32, the Y-axis drive mechanism 33 and the Z-axis drive mechanism 34) of the deep hole machining device 9, and the spindle motor. 16. Control the cutting oil pump 24 and the like to execute deep hole machining on the workpiece W using the gun drill tool 20.
For example, when processing the deep hole 2B penetrating the workpiece W described above, the following processing is executed.

FIG. 8 shows a procedure for machining the deep hole 2B in the workpiece W.
The NC device 31 moves the relative movement mechanism of the deep hole machining device 9 at a high speed, and moves the gun drill tool 20 mounted on the spindle 17 to the initial position with respect to the workpiece W. Specifically, based on the parameters of the G555 command described above, the rotation axis of the gun drill tool 20 is adjusted to the X and Y positions, and the tip of the gun drill tool 20 is advanced to the Z axis position R (step ST1).
Subsequently, the gun drill tool 20 is fed at a low speed, is introduced into a prepared hole formed in advance in the workpiece W, and the tip of the gun drill tool 20 is advanced to the Z-axis position A (step ST2).

Next, the NC device 31 rotates the gun drill tool 20 to start processing the deep hole 2B in the workpiece W (step ST3). Here, the rotation of the gun drill tool 20 and the feed speed in the Z-axis direction are set to the normal mode.
The NC device 31 acquires the penetration region from the parameters of the G555 command described above, monitors the tip position of the gun drill tool 20 as the machining progresses, and determines whether the tip position of the gun drill tool 20 is in the penetration region described above. Are sequentially inspected (step ST4).

When the tip position of the gun drill tool 20 is out of the penetrating region, the NC device 31 selects the normal mode, switches the switching valve 25 to the cutting oil passage 20A side, supplies cutting oil from the main outlet 75, and Machining of the workpiece W is advanced by using the gun drill tool 20 as the rotation speed and feed speed in the normal mode (step ST5).
In such a normal mode, the cutting oil is supplied from the tip of the gun drill tool 20 in the traveling direction, and the same processing state as that of the existing gun drill tool is maintained.

When the tip position of the gun drill tool 20 is in the penetrating region, the NC device 31 switches to the protection mode, switches the switching valve 25 to the cutting oil flow path 20B side, supplies cutting oil from the sub outlet 63, and Is advanced to the rotational speed and feed speed in the protection mode to proceed with the processing (step ST6).
In such a protection mode, the cutting oil is supplied from the front side to the tip of the tip 70 of the gun drill tool 20, and a flow to the tip of the deep hole 2B opened through can be formed. However, lubrication and cooling of the cutting edge 73 are ensured.

  By repeating these steps, the deep hole 2B is processed in the workpiece W, and the gun drill tool 20 is switched to the protection mode in the four deep holes 2A and switched to the protection mode when penetrating to the opposite side of the workpiece W. It is done.

  The NC device 31 repeats the above-described machining operation until the tip of the gun drill tool 20 reaches the final Z coordinate value Z (step ST7), and when the tip of the gun drill tool 20 reaches the final Z coordinate value Z, The feed and rotation are stopped (step ST8). Thereafter, the NC device 31 retracts the gun drill tool 20 and pulls it out from the workpiece W, and finishes the deep hole machining.

According to the present embodiment, when the gun drill tool 20 penetrates to the opposite side of the workpiece W or to a hollow portion such as the deep hole 2A in the workpiece W, the machining state of the gun drill tool 20 is changed from the normal mode to the protection mode. The drilling tool can be protected by switching to the protection mode during penetration while performing efficient deep hole machining in the normal mode up to the penetration site.
In particular, in the normal mode, it is possible to maintain the same processing state as before by supplying cutting oil similar to that of an existing gun drill tool. On the other hand, in the protection mode, the supply of the cutting oil from the sub outlet 63 can form a flow of the cutting oil to the tip of the deep hole 2B opened through, and lubrication with respect to the cutting edge 73 can be achieved even in the through state. Cooling can be ensured.

[Second Embodiment]
9, 10 and 11 show a second embodiment of the present invention.
This embodiment differs only in the details of the gun drill tool 20, and the configuration of the deep hole machining apparatus 9 is the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the description of the overlapping configuration is omitted, and only the parts different from the first embodiment will be described below.

  In FIGS. 9, 10 and 11, the driver 50, the shank 60, and the tip 70, which are the main parts of the gun drill tool 20, are the same as those in the first embodiment. The cutting oil flow path 20A (main supply path) from the main inlet 55 to the main outlet 75 is the same as that in the first embodiment. However, in the shank 60 and the driver 50, the structure which divides the cutting oil flow path 20A and the cutting oil flow path 20B (sub supply path) is different from the first embodiment.

In the first embodiment, the cutting oil flow path 20 </ b> B is formed by inserting the pipe 64 into the shank 60 and connecting the sub outlet 63 and the sub inlet 53 by the pipe 64. The space outside the pipe 64 and inside the shank 60 is used as the cutting oil passage 20A (see FIGS. 3 and 4).
In contrast, in the present embodiment, the inside of the shank 60 and the inside of the passage 56 of the driver 50 are divided into two by partition plates 69 and 59, and one of the sections is cut so as to communicate with the main inlet 55 and the main outlet 75. The oil passage 20A is provided, and the other section is formed as a cutting oil passage 20B so as to communicate with the sub outlet 63 and the sub inlet 53.
In the gun drill tool 20 of this embodiment, the two cutting oil passages 20A and 20B (the main outlet 75 or the sub outlet 63) can be switched by the switching valve 25, which is the same as in the first embodiment. With similar control, similar effects can be obtained.
The partition plate may be formed of a continuous plate material extending from the inside of the shank 60 to the inside of the passage 56.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 12 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
In the first embodiment described above, the high-pressure cutting oil from the cutting oil pump 24 is switched by the switching valve 25, and one of the cutting oil passages 17A, 17B of the main shaft 17 and the cutting oil passages 20A, 20B of the gun drill tool 20 are switched. It was the structure which supplies to the front-end | tip of the gun drill tool 20 through either.
In contrast, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, an oil filler block 18 connected to the cutting oil pump 24 and the switching valve 25 is attached to the tip of the spindle head 15, and an oil filler opening is provided inside the spindle head 15. Cutting oil passages 15A and 15B communicating from the block 18 to the cutting oil passages 20A and 20B of the gun drill tool 20 are formed, and the gun drill tool 20 is passed through the cutting oil passages 15A and 15B and the cutting oil passages 20A and 20B. Supply cutting oil to the tip.
The other parts of the deep hole machining apparatus 9 and the gun drill tool 20 itself are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description of the overlapping structure is omitted.
Even if such an oil supply port block 18, cutting oil passages 15A and 15B, and cutting oil passages 20A and 20B are used, the same effect as that of the first embodiment described above can be obtained. Furthermore, since a cutting oil passage that passes through the inside of the main shaft 17 is not necessary, the present invention can be implemented even with a machine tool having such a main shaft.

[Modification]
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and modifications, improvements, and the like within the scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
That is, in the above-described embodiment, the NC device 31 is used as the switching control means for switching control of the switching valve 25, and the penetration state of the deep hole is determined and switched from the operation state based on the machining program. The oil pressure may be monitored, and switching control may be performed so as to discriminate that the oil has penetrated when the pressure rapidly decreases.
As such switching control based on the pressure of the cutting oil, for example, pressure sensors are installed in the cutting oil flow paths 20A, 17A, and 15A (paths to the main outlet 75) that are main supply paths, and the pressure is reduced by the NC device 31. The structure which detects this and switches the switching valve 25 can be utilized.

Alternatively, the switching valve 25 may be a pilot valve that can be switched by an external pressure, and the cutting oil passages 20A, 17A, and 15A may be introduced as the pilot pressure. By using such a pilot valve type switching valve 25, electrical control and wiring therefor become unnecessary, and the structure can be greatly simplified. Furthermore, since wiring becomes unnecessary, the installation freedom degree of the switching valve 25 can be raised.
Further, the switching valve 25 is not limited to the position immediately after the cutting oil pump 24, and may be disposed in the oil supply port block 18 on the path of the spindle head 15. The two systems of cutting oil flow paths are only downstream from the switching valve 25. And it is sufficient. For example, if the switching valve 25 is the above-described pilot valve, it is not necessary to consider wiring, so it may be installed inside the rotating spindle 17 or gun drill tool 20.

In the above embodiment, the table 12 is moved in the X-axis direction, the spindle head 15 is moved in the Y-axis direction, and the saddle 13 is moved in the Z-axis direction. However, relative movement means for relatively moving the table 12 and the spindle 17 is used. However, it is not limited to this. In short, any structure may be used as long as the table 12 and the spindle 17 can move relative to each other in the three-dimensional direction.
In the embodiment, the example in which the temperature control fluid flow path 1 of the workpiece W is processed has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. Any workpiece may be used as long as a deep hole is machined into the workpiece W.

  The present invention is not limited to a mold, and can be used in general for methods and apparatuses that perform deep hole machining using a gun drill tool.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Temperature control fluid flow path 2A, 2B ... Deep hole 4 ... Plug member 9 ... Deep hole processing apparatus 11 ... Bed 12 ... Table 13 ... Saddle 14 ... Column 15 ... Main shaft head 15A, 17A, 20A ... Main supply path Cutting oil flow path 15B, 17B, 20B ... Cutting oil flow path as a sub supply path 16 ... Spindle motor 17 ... Spindle 18 ... Oil filler block 20 ... Gun drill tool 21 ... Automatic tool changer 22 ... Tool length measuring device 22A ... Detection Parts 23A, 23B ... piping 24 ... cutting oil pump 25 ... switching valve 31 ... NC device (control means),
32 ... X-axis drive mechanism (relative movement means),
33 ... Y-axis drive mechanism (relative movement means),
34 ... Z-axis drive mechanism (relative movement means),
44 ... Program memory 45 ... Working memory 50 ... Driver 51 ... Main body 52 ... Engagement structure 53 ... Sub inlet 54 ... Concave groove 55 ... Main inlet 56 ... Passage 60 ... Shank 61 ... Main body 62, 72 ... V-shaped groove 63 ... Sub-exit 64 ... Pipe 69, 59 ... Partition plate 70 ... Tip 71 ... Main body 73 ... Cutting blade 74 ... End face 75 ... Main exit W ... Workpiece.

Claims (6)

A long pipe-shaped shank with a rear end fixed to the driver, a tip fixed to the tip of the shank and having a cutting edge formed on the outer periphery, and a cutting oil formed inside the shank. A supply path, a main outlet formed on the tip surface of the chip and communicated with the supply path, and a sub-exit formed on the peripheral surface of the shank or the peripheral surface of the chip and communicated with the supply path; While using a gun drill tool having
A main shaft on which the gun drill tool is mounted via the driver, a cutting oil pump that supplies cutting oil to the gun drill tool, and a cutting oil from the cutting oil pump is switched to either the main outlet or the sub outlet. Using a deep hole drilling device with a switching valve,
In a state where the deep hole being machined with the gun drill tool is not penetrated, the switching valve is set on the main outlet side,
The deep hole machining method , wherein the switching valve is switched to the sub-outlet side when a deep hole being machined through the gun drill tool penetrates . The deep hole processing apparatus used in the deep hole processing method according to claim 1,
The main shaft;
The cutting oil pump;
The switching valve;
When the deep hole being machined with the gun drill tool is not penetrated, the switching valve is set on the main outlet side, and when the deep hole being machined with the gun drill tool is penetrated, the switching valve is set to the secondary outlet. A deep hole machining apparatus comprising switching control means for switching to the outlet side. In deep-hole drilling apparatus according to 請 Motomeko 2,
The secondary outlet is formed on a side surface of the tip side end portion of the shank.
Deep-hole drilling apparatus according to claim and this. In the deep hole processing apparatus of Claim 2 or Claim 3 ,
The supply path communicates with the main outlet and communicates with a main inlet formed in the driver, and a sub supply path communicates with the sub outlet and communicates with a sub inlet formed in the driver. deep-hole drilling apparatus characterized by at. In the deep hole processing apparatus according to claim 4 ,
The shank includes a pipe inserted into the shank, and a space inside the shank and outside the pipe is the main supply path, and the interior of the pipe is the sub supply path. deep-hole drilling apparatus characterized by being. In the deep hole processing apparatus according to claim 4,
The shank has a partition that partitions the interior of the shank in the longitudinal direction, and one of the partitions divided by the partition is the main supply path, and the other is the sub supply path. A deep hole machining device.

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