CN107854799A - A kind of more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations and method - Google Patents

A kind of more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107854799A
CN107854799A CN201711287446.7A CN201711287446A CN107854799A CN 107854799 A CN107854799 A CN 107854799A CN 201711287446 A CN201711287446 A CN 201711287446A CN 107854799 A CN107854799 A CN 107854799A
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China
Prior art keywords
short circuit
electric short
wire
experimental box
fix bar
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CN201711287446.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107854799B (en
Inventor
张磊
张永丰
曹丽英
黄昊
顾海昕
包任烈
胡成
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Shanghai Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security
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Shanghai Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security
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Priority to CN201711287446.7A priority Critical patent/CN107854799B/en
Publication of CN107854799A publication Critical patent/CN107854799A/en
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Publication of CN107854799B publication Critical patent/CN107854799B/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
    • A62C37/38Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
    • A62C37/40Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations, and the second wire fix bar transverse shifting under the drive of outside actuating unit can be corresponding with the lead location that the first wire fix bar is exposed after the movement of its inboard wire end;The spray head that the first wire fix bar of alignment exposes wire is provided with the top of electric short circuit experimental box;The combustion cone of nuditing wire above the first wire fix bar of bottom-up alignment is provided with inside electric short circuit experimental box, is provided with electrostatic igniter by combustion cone side, propane cylinder is provided with flowmeter;Nitrogen cylinder and air bottle are additionally provided with inside electric short circuit experimental box, both are connected by four-way valve, and the another both ends of four-way valve are connected with air pump and tracheae respectively, and tracheae inside electric short circuit experimental box with connecting;Propane cylinder, flowmeter, water pump, nitrogen cylinder, air bottle, electrostatic igniter, external impetus mechanism, pressure sensor are connected with control centre signal, by control centre's unified monitoring.

Description

A kind of more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fire short circuit analogue experiment installation, and specifically a kind of more scene electric short circuit simulations are real Experiment device and method, belong to the identification of electrical fire material evidence and technical field of safety protection.
Background technology
Electrical fire is accounting highest in fire incident, the most heavy fire of harm.
Metallographic method is one of main method of electrical fire material evidence identification, judges to provide important skill for electrical fire reason Art supports, however, because scene of fire situation is complicated, fire water and live high temperature electrical fire material evidence structure is influenceed compared with Greatly, existing metallographic method can not solve the problems, such as metallurgical transformation of the electrical fire material evidence under the complex situations of the scene of a fire, thus in reality Fire material evidence qualification process in Shortcomings.And it is existing simulation electric short circuit experiment device due to automaticity compared with Low, parameter regulation is inconvenient, and experimental precision is relatively low, therefore is also difficult to study the problem of metallurgical transformation by its realization.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is:According to environmental condition of scene of fire when on fire, supply voltage and electrical equipment, electric wire The situation of the neighbouring combustible of road and point of origin, structure cover wire short circuit automatic initiating device, spray system, burner and The more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations and method of air supply system, can be electrical fire, especially difficult electrical fire is former The last judgement of cause provides technical support, at the same make it have it is simple, conveniently, it is workable the advantages that.
The present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations, including electric short circuit experimental box 1, fixed setting L-shaped in it First wire fix bar A, first wire fix bar A one end of the L-shaped is upward and exposes wire, and the other end is horizontal;It is electrically short The side wall of road experimental box 1 be provided with can transverse horizontal movement the second wire fix bar B, the second wire fix bar B is in external impetus Mechanism drives lower transverse shifting, can be corresponding with the lead location that the first wire fix bar A exposes after the movement of its inboard wire end;Electricity The top of shortness of breath road experimental box 1 is provided with pressure sensor 10;The top of electric short circuit experimental box 1 is provided with the first wire of alignment and fixed Bar A exposes the spray head 7 of wire, and the spray head 7 connects with water pump 8, and water pump 8 connects with water tank 8;The electric short circuit experiment The inside of case 1 is provided with the combustion cone 3 of nuditing wire above the first wire fix bar of bottom-up alignment, is provided with by the side of combustion cone 3 quiet Electric igniter 6, the combustion cone 3 are connected with the propane cylinder 5 outside electric short circuit experimental box 1, and propane cylinder is provided with flow Meter 4;Nitrogen cylinder 12 and air bottle 13 are additionally provided with inside the electric short circuit experimental box 1, both are connected by four-way valve 11, four-way The another both ends of valve are connected with air pump 14 and tracheae respectively, and the tracheae connects with the inside of electric short circuit experimental box 1;The propane Gas cylinder 5, flowmeter 4, water pump 8, nitrogen cylinder 12, air bottle 13, electrostatic igniter 6, external impetus mechanism, pressure sensor 10 are equal It is connected with control centre signal, by control centre's unified monitoring.
Further, the inside points of electric short circuit experimental box 1 are provided with horizontal supporting plate, and horizontal supporting plate is by electric short circuit Experimental box 1 is divided into two layers up and down, and first, second wire fix bar A, B, combustion cone 3, electrostatic igniter 6 are arranged on upper strata, water Pump 8, water tank 9, nitrogen cylinder 12 and air bottle 13 are arranged on lower floor, and air pump 14 is arranged on outside electric short circuit experimental box 1.
Further, the second wire fix bar B operations displacement is 0-100mm, and external impetus mechanism power supply is 12-60V。
Further, the aperture of the spray head 7 is 0.5-10mm, and the pressure of supply water of the water pump is 0.1- 1.0MPa, the water tank can collect the water that top spray head sprays, form recycling for water.
Further, the voltage of the electrostatic igniter is 1-10kV;The range of the flowmeter is 0-500mL/min.
A kind of above-mentioned method that simulated experiment is carried out using more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations, is divided into following several Kind simulated experiment:
Experiment one, control centre sends instruction successively:Electric short circuit experimental box 1 is vacuumized by air pump 14, switched Four-way valve, the air and nitrogen of setting ratio are automatically adjusted using pressure sensor reading as index;External impetus mechanism drives the Two wire fix bar B transverse shiftings are until occur short circuit;
Experiment two:Control centre sends instruction successively:Electric short circuit experimental box 1 is vacuumized by air pump 14, switched Four-way valve, the air and nitrogen of setting ratio are automatically adjusted using pressure sensor reading as index;External impetus mechanism drives the Two wire fix bar B transverse shiftings are until occur short circuit;Electrostatic igniter 6 is lighted a fire, and pump working starts spray head 7 and sprayed water;
Experiment three:Control centre sends instruction successively:Electric short circuit experimental box 1 is vacuumized by air pump 14, switched Four-way valve, the air and nitrogen of setting ratio are automatically adjusted using pressure sensor reading as index;Electrostatic igniter 6 is lighted a fire, outside Portion's actuating unit drives the second wire fix bar B transverse shiftings until short circuit occurs;Pump working starts spray head 7 and sprayed water;
Experiment four:Control centre sends instruction successively:
Electric short circuit experimental box 1 is vacuumized by air pump 14, switches four-way valve, using pressure sensor reading as index Automatically adjust the air and nitrogen of setting ratio;Electrostatic igniter 6 is lighted a fire, and external impetus mechanism drives the second wire fix bar B Transverse shifting is until occur short circuit;
Experiment five:Control centre sends instruction successively:Electric short circuit experimental box 1 is vacuumized by air pump 14, switched Four-way valve, the air and nitrogen of setting ratio are automatically adjusted using pressure sensor reading as index;Electrostatic igniter 6 is lighted a fire, water Pump work starts spray head 7 and sprayed water;External impetus mechanism drives the second wire fix bar B transverse shiftings until short circuit occurs.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:According to environmental condition of scene of fire when on fire, supply voltage and electrical equipment, The situation of combustible, constructs and covers wire short circuit automatic initiating device, spray system, combustion near electric wiring and point of origin The more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations and method of device and air supply system are burnt, can be electrical fire, especially difficult electricity The last judgement of gas cause of fire provides technical support, at the same make it have it is simple, conveniently, it is workable the advantages that;Can be real Vertical contact between existing wire, conductive contact reliability are high;The water that the recyclable spray head of water tank sprays, so as to realize the circulation of water Utilize.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations of the present invention.
In figure, 1. electric short circuit experimental boxs, 2. wire fix bars, 3. combustion cones, 4. flowmeters, 5. propane cylinders, 6. is quiet Electric igniter, 7. spray heads, 8. water pumps, 9. water tanks, 10. pressure sensors, 11. four-way valves, 12. nitrogen cylinders, 13. air bottles, 14. air pump.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one:
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations, including electric short circuit experimental box 1, its interior fixation are set The first wire fix bar A of L-shaped is put, first wire fix bar A one end of the L-shaped is upward and exposes wire, and the other end is horizontal; The side wall of electric short circuit experimental box 1 be provided with can transverse horizontal movement the second wire fix bar B, the second wire fix bar B is outside Portion's actuating unit drives lower transverse shifting, the lead location that can expose after the movement of its inboard wire end with the first wire fix bar A It is corresponding;The top of electric short circuit experimental box 1 is provided with pressure sensor 10;The top of electric short circuit experimental box 1 is provided with alignment first Wire fix bar A exposes the spray head 7 of wire, and the spray head 7 connects with water pump 8, and water pump 8 connects with water tank 8;It is described electric The inside of short circuit experiment case 1 is provided with the combustion cone 3 of nuditing wire above the first wire fix bar of bottom-up alignment, the side of combustion cone 3 Side is provided with electrostatic igniter 6, and the combustion cone 3 is connected with the propane cylinder 5 outside electric short circuit experimental box 1, on propane cylinder Provided with flowmeter 4;Nitrogen cylinder 12 and air bottle 13 are additionally provided with inside the electric short circuit experimental box 1, both pass through four-way valve 11 Connection, the another both ends of four-way valve are connected with air pump 14 and tracheae respectively, and the tracheae inside electric short circuit experimental box 1 with connecting It is logical;The propane cylinder 5, flowmeter 4, water pump 8, nitrogen cylinder 12, air bottle 13, electrostatic igniter 6, external impetus mechanism, pressure Force snesor 10 is connected with control centre signal, by control centre's unified monitoring.
In this embodiment, horizontal supporting plate, horizontal support are provided with referring to Fig. 1, the inside points of electric short circuit experimental box 1 Electric short circuit experimental box 1 is divided into two layers up and down by plate, first, second wire fix bar A, B, combustion cone 3, electrostatic igniter 6 Upper strata is arranged on, water pump 8, water tank 9, nitrogen cylinder 12 and air bottle 13 are arranged on lower floor, and air pump 14 is arranged on electric short circuit reality Outside tryoff 1.
In this embodiment, the second wire fix bar B operations displacement is 0-100mm, and the power supply of external impetus mechanism is electric Source is 12-60V.
In this embodiment, the aperture of the spray head 7 is 0.5-10mm, and the pressure of supply water of the water pump is 0.1- 1.0MPa, the water tank can collect the water that top spray head sprays, form recycling for water.
In this embodiment, the voltage of the electrostatic igniter is 1-10kV;The range of the flowmeter is 0-500mL/ min。
The method that simulated experiment is carried out using more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations, control centre send finger successively Order:Electric short circuit experimental box 1 is vacuumized by air pump 14, switches four-way valve, it is automatic by index of pressure sensor reading Adjust the air and nitrogen of setting ratio;External impetus mechanism drives the second wire fix bar B transverse shiftings until short circuit occurs. The situation of short circuit directly occurs for the process simulation.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment only experimental procedure and embodiment one are different:Control centre sends instruction successively:Pass through air pump 14 vacuumize electric short circuit experimental box 1, switch four-way valve, setting ratio is automatically adjusted by index of pressure sensor reading Air and nitrogen;External impetus mechanism drives the second wire fix bar B transverse shiftings until short circuit occurs;6 points of electrostatic igniter Fire, pump working start spray head 7 and sprayed water.The situation of short circuit occurs before the process simulation fire.
Embodiment three:
The present embodiment only experimental procedure and embodiment one are different:Control centre sends instruction successively:Pass through air pump 14 vacuumize electric short circuit experimental box 1, switch four-way valve, setting ratio is automatically adjusted by index of pressure sensor reading Air and nitrogen;Electrostatic igniter 6 is lighted a fire, and external impetus mechanism drives the second wire fix bar B transverse shiftings until occurring short Road;Pump working starts spray head 7 and sprayed water.The situation of short circuit occurs after the present embodiment simulated fire.
Example IV:
The present embodiment only experimental procedure and embodiment one are different:Control centre sends instruction successively:Pass through air pump 14 vacuumize electric short circuit experimental box 1, switch four-way valve, setting ratio is automatically adjusted by index of pressure sensor reading Air and nitrogen;Electrostatic igniter 6 is lighted a fire, and external impetus mechanism drives the second wire fix bar B transverse shiftings until occurring short Road.Short circuit, and situation during spray system damage occur after the present embodiment simulated fire.
Embodiment five:
The present embodiment only experimental procedure and embodiment one are different:Control centre sends instruction successively:Pass through air pump 14 vacuumize electric short circuit experimental box 1, switch four-way valve, setting ratio is automatically adjusted by index of pressure sensor reading Air and nitrogen;Electrostatic igniter 6 is lighted a fire, and pump working starts spray head 7 and sprayed water;External impetus mechanism drives the second wire to consolidate Fixed pole B transverse shiftings are until occur short circuit.
The situation of short circuit occurs under environment after the present embodiment simulated fire after spray.
The more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations of the present invention be provided with wire short circuit automatic initiating device, spray system, Burner and air supply system;Spray system can influence of the simulated fire scene fire water to short-circuit conductors, burner can mould Intend influence of the scene of fire temperature to short-circuit conductors, air supply system can the ready-made atmosphere of simulated fire to the shadows of short-circuit conductors Ring, so as to realize more scene scenes of fire reconstruct of wire short circuit.Wire short circuit automatic initiating device will by two metallic rods Wire is fixed, and one of metallic rod is fixed, and another metallic rod is connected with power supply, and the vertical contact between wire can be achieved.Spray During system acting, the water of the recyclable spray head ejection of water tank, so as to realize recycling for water;Flowmeter is with carrying pressure-reducing valve Propane cylinder connects, and propane gas flow is can adjust by flowmeter, so as to control flame size;The aspirating hole of short-circuit test case Connect air bottle, nitrogen cylinder and air pump respectively by four-way valve, and short-circuit test case can adjust by pressure sensor reading The ratio of interior nitrogen and oxygen.The invention provides a kind of quick, simple, efficient more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations And method, can be that electrical fire material evidence identification technology establishes important hardware support.
Above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also carry out various changes on this basis Change or improve, on the premise of the total design of the present invention is not departed from, these conversion or improvement should all belong to application claims guarantor Within the scope of shield.

Claims (6)

  1. A kind of 1. more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations, it is characterised in that:
    Including electric short circuit experimental box (1), the first wire fix bar of fixed setting L-shaped in it
    (A), first wire fix bar (A) one end of the L-shaped is upward and exposes wire, and the other end is horizontal;Electric short circuit is tested Case (1) side wall be provided with can transverse horizontal movement the second wire fix bar (B), the second wire fix bar (B) is in external impetus Mechanism drives lower transverse shifting, can be corresponding with the lead location that the first wire fix bar (A) is exposed after the movement of its inboard wire end;
    Pressure sensor (10) is provided with the top of electric short circuit experimental box (1);
    The spray head (7) that the first wire fix bar (A) of alignment exposes wire, institute are provided with the top of the electric short circuit experimental box (1) State spray head (7) to connect with water pump (8), water pump (8) connects with water tank (8);
    The burning of nuditing wire above the first wire fix bar of bottom-up alignment is provided with inside the electric short circuit experimental box (1) Bore (3), electrostatic igniter (6), the combustion cone (3) and the third of electric short circuit experimental box (1) outside are provided with by combustion cone (3) side Alkane gas cylinder (5) connects, and propane cylinder is provided with flowmeter (4);
    Nitrogen cylinder (12) and air bottle (13) are additionally provided with inside the electric short circuit experimental box (1), both pass through four-way valve (11) Connection, the another both ends of four-way valve are connected with air pump (14) and tracheae respectively, and the tracheae is internal with electric short circuit experimental box (1) Connection;
    It is the propane cylinder (5), flowmeter (4), water pump (8), nitrogen cylinder (12), air bottle (13), electrostatic igniter (6), outer Portion's actuating unit, pressure sensor (10) are connected with control centre signal, by control centre's unified monitoring.
  2. 2. more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The electric short circuit experiment Case (1) inside points are provided with horizontal supporting plate, and electric short circuit experimental box (1) is divided into two layers up and down by horizontal supporting plate, and first, the Two wire fix bars (A, B), combustion cone (3), electrostatic igniter (6) are arranged on upper strata, water pump (8), water tank (9), nitrogen cylinder (12) and air bottle (13) is arranged on lower floor, and it is outside that air pump (14) is arranged on electric short circuit experimental box (1).
  3. 3. more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Second wire is fixed Bar (B) operation displacement is 0-100mm, and external impetus mechanism power supply is 12-60V.
  4. 4. more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:The spray head (7) Aperture is 0.5-10mm, and the pressure of supply water of the water pump is 0.1-1.0MPa, and the water tank can collect top spray head and spray Water, form recycling for water.
  5. 5. more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The electrostatic igniter Voltage is 1-10kV;The range of the flowmeter is 0-500mL/min.
  6. 6. a kind of method that simulated experiment is carried out using more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations described in claim 1, its It is characterised by, is divided into following several simulated experiments:
    Experiment one, control centre sends instruction successively:
    Electric short circuit experimental box (1) is vacuumized by air pump (14), switches four-way valve, using pressure sensor reading as index Automatically adjust the air and nitrogen of setting ratio;
    External impetus mechanism drives the second wire fix bar (B) transverse shifting until short circuit occurs;
    Experiment two:Control centre sends instruction successively:
    Electric short circuit experimental box (1) is vacuumized by air pump (14), switches four-way valve, using pressure sensor reading as index Automatically adjust the air and nitrogen of setting ratio;
    External impetus mechanism drives the second wire fix bar (B) transverse shifting until short circuit occurs;
    Electrostatic igniter (6) is lighted a fire, and pump working starts spray head (7) water spray;
    Experiment three:Control centre sends instruction successively:
    Electric short circuit experimental box (1) is vacuumized by air pump (14), switches four-way valve, using pressure sensor reading as index Automatically adjust the air and nitrogen of setting ratio;
    Electrostatic igniter (6) is lighted a fire, and external impetus mechanism drives the second wire fix bar (B) transverse shifting until short circuit occurs; Pump working starts spray head (7) water spray;
    Experiment four:Control centre sends instruction successively:
    Electric short circuit experimental box (1) is vacuumized by air pump (14), switches four-way valve, using pressure sensor reading as index Automatically adjust the air and nitrogen of setting ratio;
    Electrostatic igniter (6) is lighted a fire, and external impetus mechanism drives the second wire fix bar (B) transverse shifting until short circuit occurs;
    Experiment five:Control centre sends instruction successively:
    Electric short circuit experimental box (1) is vacuumized by air pump (14), switches four-way valve, using pressure sensor reading as index Automatically adjust the air and nitrogen of setting ratio;
    Electrostatic igniter (6) is lighted a fire, and pump working starts spray head (7) water spray;External impetus mechanism drives the second wire to fix Bar (B) transverse shifting is until occur short circuit.
CN201711287446.7A 2017-12-07 2017-12-07 Multi-scene electrical short circuit simulation experiment device and method Active CN107854799B (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108853837A (en) * 2018-08-02 2018-11-23 上汽时代动力电池系统有限公司 A kind of walk-in type temperature testing device
CN114187813A (en) * 2022-02-14 2022-03-15 江苏建信网络科技有限公司 Electrical fire short circuit simulation device
CN117554742A (en) * 2023-11-10 2024-02-13 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 Experimental measurement device and method for triggering forest and grassland fires by wire breakage falling

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CN103776973A (en) * 2014-03-04 2014-05-07 中山大学 Electrical fire short circuit simulator and simulation method thereof
CN104049187A (en) * 2014-06-18 2014-09-17 公安部四川消防研究所 Interphase high-impedance discharging arc and fire risk experimental device
CN104049172A (en) * 2014-06-18 2014-09-17 公安部四川消防研究所 Method for judging ignition source of electrical fire caused by poor-contact discharging arc
CN105280074A (en) * 2015-09-11 2016-01-27 中国汽车技术研究中心 Automobile electrical fire simulation experiment device and experiment method applying same
CN107153016A (en) * 2017-05-10 2017-09-12 公安部天津消防研究所 A kind of Secondary short circuited melted mark preparation facilities and method
CN207627783U (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-07-20 公安部上海消防研究所 A kind of more scene electric short circuit analogue experiment installations

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JPH0358198A (en) * 1989-07-26 1991-03-13 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Method and system for detecting short circuit of sensor circuit for fire monitor system using multiplex transmission
CN102087182A (en) * 2010-12-03 2011-06-08 公安部沈阳消防研究所 Novel electric short circuit tester
CN202793865U (en) * 2012-03-31 2013-03-13 公安部上海消防研究所 Comprehensive electric short circuit simulator for authenticating fire disaster physical evidence
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108853837A (en) * 2018-08-02 2018-11-23 上汽时代动力电池系统有限公司 A kind of walk-in type temperature testing device
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CN114187813A (en) * 2022-02-14 2022-03-15 江苏建信网络科技有限公司 Electrical fire short circuit simulation device
CN117554742A (en) * 2023-11-10 2024-02-13 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 Experimental measurement device and method for triggering forest and grassland fires by wire breakage falling
CN117554742B (en) * 2023-11-10 2024-05-31 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 Experimental measurement device and method for triggering forest and grassland fires by wire breakage falling

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